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New7QCtools�
ByShuaiZhangKunWang�
Newvs.Old�
• Old7QCtools• 1.Checklist• 2.Fishbonediagram• 3.Controlchart• 4.Histogram• 5.Paretochart• 6.Sca>erdiagram
• 7.Stra@fica@on�
Feature:
Dataorienta@on:Focusonnumericaldatameasureandcalcula@on.
Newvs.Old�
• However,manycustomerrequirementscannotalwaysbeadequatelyexpressedbynumericaldataalone. �
Newvs.Old�
• Nevertheless,evenverbalstatementscanbeexpressionsoffacts,becauseitrepresentsfacts,weoughttouseverbaldataaswellasnumericaldatainmanagingquality.�
Newvs.Old�
• 1.Rela@onsdiagram
• 2.Treediagram• 3.Arrowdiagram• 4.Affinitydiagram
• 5.Matrixdiagram• 6.Matrixdataanalysisdiagram
• 7.Processdecisionprogramchart.(PDPC)�
Features
• Combineverbalwithnumerical
• Lookingforrootcause• Clarify,priori@zegoalsandschedule
• Involveeveryoneintofullcoopera@on
• Generateideas
Newvs.Old�
• New7QCtoolsarecompa@blewithOld7QCtools,andcomplementthem.�
Strategic,orienta@ons�
Tac@cal,measures�
New7�
Old7 �
1.RelaConShipDiagram�
• DecideEFFECTS• DecideIMMEDIATECAUSES• ConnectIMMEDIATECAUSEStoEffects• TakingImmediateCausesaseffecttofindCAUSESforthem
• ExploreRELATIONSHIPofCausesandConnectthem• Findingmoreimportantcausesandprominentlinks• MakethelinkSHORT,makethediagramCOMPACT• Titleit
1.Rela@onShipDiagram �
1.Rela@onShipDiagram �
ApplicaCons• Explorecauseandeffectrela@onships• Especiallyforcomplexsitua@onswherethecausesarelikelytobeMUTUALLYRELATED�
2.AffinityDiagram�
• Organizelargenumberofideasintoalogicalway,makethemintoasystema@cordertohelpyouplanac@ons �
2.AffinityDiagram�
• 1.SUBJECTTOPICS• 2.GenerateaLargeNumberofIDEAS
• 3.Decide#andTitle,createaCARD• 4.Distributealltheideasamongthecards
• 5.Arrangethecardsaccordingtotherela@onshipsbetweenthegroups
• 6.Titleit
2.AffinityDiagram�
ApplicaCons• Breakupanycomplexproblemortaskintosmallermoreeasilymanageablebits
2.AffinityDiagram�
• Example:
YoucanorganizethecustomercomplainsandrequirementsinanAffinityDiagram�
2.AffinityDiagram�
2.AffinityDiagram�
2.AffinityDiagram�
3.TreeDiagram�
• Iden@fyahighPRIORITYPROBLEMthatneedtobesolvedearliest.
• ChooseFORM:TreeorCascade?• Iden@fyPRIMARYMEANS• Iden@fySECENDARYMEANSforprimarymeans• TERTIARYMEANS• Con@nuetheprocess@llthegroupfeelsthattheENDofthelinehasbeenreached
• UseofPOST‐ITPAD• ConsensusofMEANS• Titleit �
3.TreeDiagram�
Cascade�
3.TreeDiagram�
TreeForm�
3.TreeDiagram�
ApplicaCons• Developasystema@cstepbystepstrategytoachieveanobjec@ve.
• Devisesolu@onforproblems�
Reference�
• Applica@onofSevenNewQCTools�ByMuhammadAmjadManager,
QualityAssuranceNewageCables(Pvt)Limited,Lahore–Pakistan�• 7ADVANCEDQCTOOLS,[email protected],Dy.DirectorNa@onalProduc@vityCouncil,Chennai �
4.MatrixDiagram�
• Purpose:Exploretheexistenceandtheextentofrela@ons between individual items in 2 sets offactors or features and characteris@cs andexpress them in a symbolic form that is easy tounderstand.
• Mostlyusedtounderstandtherela@onsbetweenthe customer expecta@ons as expressed by thecustomers and product characteris@cs asdesigned, manufactured and tested by themanufacturer.�
Procedures�
1. Determine2setsoffactorsforwhichtherela@onsareneededtobeestablished.
2. Dividethefeaturesandcharacteris@csintoprimary,secondaryandter@arycharacteris@cs.
3. Placethefeaturesver@callyonthelegsideofthematrixandcharacteris@cshorizontallyontopofthematrix.
4. Entertheimportanceofthefeaturesonthecolumnagerthatfortheter@aryfeatures.�
Procedures(Con@nue)�
5. Inthemainbodyofthematrix,usethesymbolstorepresentthedegreeofconnec@onsbetweenthefeaturesandthecharacteris@cs.
Applica@on �
• Matrixdiagramcanbeusedtosolveproblemsbyarrangingdatainsuchawaythattherela@onsbetweenrelevantfactorsarebroughtintosharpfocus.
• Thereisnolimittotheuseofthetool.• Themostimportantapplica@onofmatrixdiagramisinclarifyingrela@onsbetweenindividualfeaturesofcustomerrequirementsandindividualproductcharacteris@cs. �
ExampleofMatrixDiagram�
5.MatrixDataAnalysisDiagram�
• Purpose:Topresentnumericaldataabouttwosetsoffactorsinamatrixformandanalyzeittogetnumericaloutput.
• Canbeappliedinunderstandingtheproductsandproductscharacteris@cs.
Procedure�
1. Decidethetwofactorswhoserela@onsaretobeanalyzed.
2. Checkthenumberofindividualitemsinthetwofactors.
3. Prepareamatrixtoaccommodatealltheitemsofthetwofactors.
4. Enternumericaldatainthematrix.5. Givethediagramasuitable@tle.
Example�
6.ProcessDecisionProgramChart�
Purpose：Toprepareforabnormaloccurrenceswithlowprobabilitywhichmayotherwisebeoverlookedandtopresenttheoccurrencesaswellasthenecessarycountermeasurestoguardagainstsuchoccurrencesintheformofavisualchart. �
Procedure�
1. Prepareanormalflowchartwithallexpectedeventsinthechart.
2. Considerthepossibleoccurrencesthatwillaffecttheprocessanddemonstratethroughbranchingatappropriateloca@ons.
3. Considerhowtheabnormaloccurrenceswillinfluencetheprocessandfindwaystocounterthem.
4. Showthecountermeasuresconnec@ngtotheabnormaloccurrencesononesideandtheprocessofthegoalontheother.
Applica@ons �
• Thistoolhasthewidestrangeofapplica@onsfromthesimplesttothemostcomplex.
• Thetoolcanbeusedtopreventproblemsbyiden@fyingopportuni@esforerroranddevisingmeasurestoavoidfailure.
• Itcanbeusedduringtheimplementa@onofsolu@onsforpredic@ngresistanceandforplanningmeasurestoovercometheresistance
Examples�
7.ArrowDiagram�
Purpose:Tocreateavisualpresenta@onofthestepsofaprocessortasksnecessarytocompleteaprojectwithspecialemphasisonthe@metakenfortheseac@vi@es.�
Procedure�
1. Listallthetasksorac@vi@esneededtobeaccomplishedbeforetheprocessoftheproject.
2. Decidewhichstepsareundertakeninseriesandwhichstepscanberuninparallel.Arrangetheac@vi@esinapropersequence.
3. Prepare‘EventNodes’atthecomple@onofstepsandnumberthem.
4. Writethedescrip@onofthestepanddecidethe@merequiredforcomple@ngeachstep.
Procedure(Con@mue) �
5. Calculatetheearliest@metoreachaneventnodeforthestartoftheprocess.
7. Agerthe@meforalleventnodesincludingthecomple@onoftheprocessortheprojectisavailable,onecalculatesthelatest@mebywhichaneventnodemustbereached.
Applica@on �
• Thediagramisalsousefulinplanningandschedulingstepsincomplicatedprocesses,especiallyinplanningandschedulingprojectswhichinvolvealargenumberofac@vi@es.
Example�
1. [email protected]:1,2,3,…,15.2. [email protected]. Determinewhichtaskscanberuninparallelandin
normalsequences.4. [email protected]. [email protected]. Calculatetheearlieststar@ng@me(ortheearliest
finishing@meoflasttask)andthelatestfinishing@meofeachtask(thelateststar@ng@meforthefollow@ngtask).
7. Markthe@meindica@on. �
Example. �
Example. �
Example�
