Naval Aviation News - Nov 1943

8/6/2019 Naval Aviation News - Nov 1943

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E G U N A I S TR UTHli (,U t\JRSl'JWCTOR. new 1ix,edguunery training device in operationat major naval airstarions, bas reacheda high degree of success in trainingstudents the Me science of maneuver-in aircraft throughgunnery runs. Suc-cess of the device was further enhancedf Uowing inspection by Army AirForces personnel who iudicated a desireto imm ediately o btainquaatiries of theGuuairstructor forlldaptation to tIlt"A A F gunner)' J rai r d n ,gprograti1,The Gtmairstructoe is a rnock-u]

J lighter plane with cockpit, windshield.t\ting tubs, stick wltD trigger unit,

Though Not SoM ng A llProblem~

N av y's T rain in g D ev ic e H elp s M ak e

Com bot G unnery Real toStudents

dummy throttle, control rudder, andgun Sights. eated in the cockpit of thl:TunalI rructor, the student guoller view

~l seaScapeand sky on a screen.A plane,the silhouette of an enemy aircraft, ISpro jected on the screen andit is thestudent's job to maneuver n' follow

lull target by o peJ:a tilg the co ntro ls.The instructor sits f rward-c-candern

style in the fuselage-where the enginenormally would be. His station is alsofit ted with control st ick, rudder.pedals,a bank of contro l sw itches andII hi tJand rounds fired r ec or de r .

10 fron t of bothstudent and instructoris n Ja rg e rea r.pro jecu on screen, behindwhich an: located two projectors, therighter Projector and the Target Pro.rector. E ac h p ro ie rto r th row sa n im ag l:'

f irwsrd where a large mirror reflects itback to tbe sc-reen (Allght.tlght .hous.Ing ncornpasses the entire assemblj.)

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3/36

S IG H T A N D SO U N D O F G U N A IR S TR U C TO RC R E AT E TH E I L LU S I ONo F C O M B AT

W HEN THE Gunarrstructor is putinto operation, loud sounds sim.ulate the plane's engine noise and thecreen depicts a realistic scene, showingwhat might be Sileo from an airplane fly.ing Itt -a n altitude of eight to ten thou,sa nd fe et, thetarget plane being in fuUvision, By m anipulation ofhis controlsthe instructor is able to flr his tugetplane in any direction to practice shot}from full d efle ctio n a ro un d to n o d elle c,tion, The pilot causes movements of thehorizon and landscape In a m anner ere-ating U1C illusion of being in iligbt. Thesound o t the engree pOllr1ng into the

cockpit Irom a loudspeaker is varied inrelation to various rrtanenvers, \Vhenthe trigger is pressed the sound of gun.fire is a lso re alistica lly sim u la te d,Various flight m aneuvers ofdive,

climb. bank, and turn can be simulatedby movements of rudder and stick in the

pilot's. cockpit. Proper eoordlnation ofcontrols is necessary in order. to createthe correct illusion, A training gun.sight similar to the Mark VlII sight ismounted i I the usual place, and (hestandard hand gnp with trigger butt'o!'lis mounted on the control stick.

The target plane is projected on thescreen: a.gainst bh e backgtound 0 sea-scape. This plane is 6own~both by theinstructor and the student. Variousman eu vers, dive.rlimb, bank, lind turnar e


4/36

GUN~I~5TRUGTQfI IS A TWO-MAN MECHANISM HI . ..,H'GH THE INSTRUCTOR ATT'f;MI 'TS TO OUTWIT HIS STUDENT BV MANIEUVERING TARGET ON SCREEN

This is It very desirable fea ture inteaching range estimation and the cor-rect mil leaJ for a particular situation,as such instruction cannot be duplicatedin actual Hi,ght The switch turning ont he " co r re ct-po i n t.o f.a i m . lig ht" e na ble sth e student to compare estim ated po in tof aim with indicated correct point.Electrically operated, the Gunair.

srructor's Fowa requ irem ents a re220-110 volts, A. c., 60 cycle, 1) amps. or110 volts, A. C, 30 amps. Gonair.

structor dimensions are: 35 ft. long,1 ft. wide, 10 ft. high. The trainercan be pla ced in thehangar o r so me con-venient place on the station.

Training of enlisted personnel foroperafion of the Gunaitstnzctor is ar,ranged through the Bureau of Aero-nautics, SpedaJ Devices Division. Thetraining period is nne month. Thosewho wish to operate U 1 e Gunairstmctershould have' a knowledge of flying andlink trainer experience" Maintenance

men should have radio, electrical, ormechanical experience,It is felt that the Gunairstructor, with

all its desirable features, does not solveall problems of the fixed gunner, namelyth e imp orta nt problem of where andbow 1 '0 commence the approach. How-ever, increased accuracy and better pro-cedure in making approaches have beeoreported by all activities using this de-vice in fixed gunnery training as onephase of II comprehensive Curriculum.

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5/36

AHentio n C rane OperatorsA tracrur .rane w.!s p o lrkcd nn an

i cline at l> nuval IIHst.tlion 111rnak.1 l i f ] , Pick.11p was mad e : 1.111 11! ! ; .up.hillside of 1-11etractor and Ilu, [I)~IJ thenwas s,", un around t.. the do v.. n .htllude, Wh,Lt do yo u tlnnk hlllJpclIe J (Rl~hl. tile whole crane tippni OVLJ

and sm c:ucd a PBM._;.', l.srirnareddalll!lp;e. 5.26,0")6

~ (.Nlnl,""


6/36

(J.llUj :ir)cahol'l nrnl "feel,," so }IOU (tunJlltt Yllur hand 011 tll'I)' one of them andoperate il wHhou'a n'I()mlJ'nl'S IwMt.a.tio.1la nd iI i'WIQ\ J.1hayi-n.1l10 poke you r head inthe cockl!iI to "ell whlll )'00 ure doing,That'!,; wll)' ,'\"c heen hoUffing my he~iduti ' [or Ihl! J)!ll:It YI. 'ffi ' 10ge~ Yoli '( I.spendHS much lime lUi y'Otl (lan {In "rocklJit drill"And I'd like- 10 fe-mind th e "!lmllr!"

o iluys, \\' 1m IIUI J 1'1"I 1I Il nk I ll l" , i s na t (l ;< s! J; r} ,lltlll pilot I!nor is sHU responsible for about' 7 l J%of ;ill nire_ruft, u~ddf.lnl!!. and that ~Igrea! deal of this pH1l1 error is nltribuUlbl~10 "llJek of familiarity With equipment."

[(ell1tmher the word from the Fleel; \ pilot is no dumn J!(wd in ~omllUl nsI(~nga,~ he has 10 think ubout hundling milplane.

Dilbert's DilemmaTrht'/I I hll 1 ) ( ; 11 / " WI' ,llf/lb,,' ""Im. d.""T"il' tuu. ,J ./" I" 'Ir.I,,/'DU I ! " IIJ' Ip - ( 'mg'!,', .1 , ;11 '1ji~' M" f,IJI.'.1",/ ,i " ,I",;.! ,f"" , 1 7 111rescue phm r: ur crash blndt.QI,dd arrive.I t the scene, crew .111.1p Iant. had clis-.1[~fltared .. :! T1lL Dilbert.of the.month w~s an

MSlSbllTt plane cuptaln who was wlH"ruingup an SN], He hilee to keep brakesun, and when he revved up the engine,the plane jumped Its chocks. Whensi Ieaoe . t . ea iII settled or) the- apron J theSNJ an ,I tvo uTBF's into which t il e: '' )' 'tllxieu were in need oE major repairs,

and D il hert reqU ired SOIl1!! mrnor repairshimself.3, Two prlots made purachure JWI,p.,

from disabled EM.I's. The most ob-v ious resu lt of these "leaps for life" isrenewed faith J'n tht.: boas!- that "a Nino},parae h utelms never fa i eu." In faa, !twould appear that the pilors -are be-coming roo parachute conscious, to r illone of the jum ps, HIep,lot 1c . J ' thi s planebefore ueterll'linin8 whether an y rnrrec-tive measures could he taken.4. Othd outstunding Dilbcrts for the

month weretwo I'M .. ! pilots \ V 11Omadefo(ceu hll'ldings because of lack oI fuel.O ne Ilew his entirehop on the erner-

H e T ried1 0T urn B ac k W h en

H isG un C ui o n 'T ak eoH1\\

gencytank. Tile tank ran dry in thei fIlJTI( circle, the pilot attempted to makea down-wind landing, but Jell 10 yardsshort of the ru.nW :1Y. resulting in m ajordamage t,~ the a irplane. Ano ther dew atwo.hour combat hop. th~.n attempteda I llnd iu .! ,lu~il1g his main fuel tank Hewas g iveuII wave.otTb}1 the sl,gnalufficerbecause o f co ng este d traffic conditionson the field. Sho rtly after he leon thel i do : !for b is second approach, his eng i n efui I o :: d, a n dhl- m a d e 110 er :t lt 'fgency land.in g in the: water. The aircraft ended upIn m .lJor overhaul. -

As a result of the Last two rmsbaps,tbe Cud tank indicator consciOuslless ofthe pilo ts is - little shan 01 .amazing.

THIS m~inr,d~nlllg" "t'Cjd~nr .Ic,;ul e J frl'.Pla s ru de nr 's attempt to hit 11 circle _sh"r by

enrnr,ing: wh it " ll 'l il ki llBII: h'I[E "S" turn :lp.pr(l,ld,. he saw lila! he was qVIl!!hootin,!;

and trred tl' "mush" in, Tb e p"m~ str!lledhigh, IlI!J dwppe,! in nhout 20 feet.

Circle ~l!III~ are precision mnneuvers rn-dud ed in pr' m~ry training ios the specificpurr ,,~e .. f devd."p ing 1I1fl iqUI: an d ju t I ,g fI1l'J'It, If 51 den rs dleut J unns rl1i~ plllel ice.they ar e onJy culling their own rhroats, 111-M ro ChJ rs .are u rged 1-0 stress ( '0 ITc('I aP I' ro aellp ro pe r u .ir.~ pe et1 a r\i! p hll1 11 in g l,f p re cisiO lllan din gs, ruther llJ'


7/36

Re( o p e r in g A ir C a rgW iBN IT co sts a c ou ple .of dolla rs a po und't oship vita l war IDaltrlll!s [D ynaval air transport fromNew Yo[k toHonolulu, th e

reason fo r the N :nry 'snew program o frepscklng air cargo to cut weigh~andslze e sn be understood. Repacking en -abIes N ATS to t;a,:r:ryup to 35 percentrnnrc freight.The prog~ ca lls fo r B uSandA to

e sta b lis h ov er se a sair ca rg o term in alsatN ew York, M iam i, San Francisco . Sea ttlean d P atu xen t R iver, M d . L im ited o pera -

B E F O R E

A F T E R

6

1

tions at the Mi am i station a lo ne in sevenmoo:thssaved 77,062 pounds on navalsupplies destined for wir fronts.

WheQ shipp ed b y air, th e materials donot need to -be packedso heavily o rst.tonglyas they would be II ent by (!:acgoship or train, where they would getrougher handling , This entails som eeducation by the ' N avy o fmanufacturerswho in the past learned by ex pe rience toput th eir p ro duc tsin th e str ong es t b oxe s.

TLe speedier transit by air 1$ becom-ing so popular the N ,w )"s tm nspo rtsquadronsa re e xp an din g tapicUy. Hun-

dreds o f tons o f freight a re m oved w eeklyb y the four types of plaaes used: R .4n ,R~O, PBM-3R A~O P1I2Y3R.

Specially Troined Men Handle WorkTerm inals are: in charge ofSupply

C o rps o fficers specia lly m in ed to lll!.n dlesuch problems as re a-iv in s, re pa ck in g,rebilling, tra cin g, sto ck pilin g a ndfor-w arding shipm e nts10 a irpo rts fo r out-bound loading .In th e p ilS t f ac ilitie s andpersonnelof supply departmenrs a t n av ala ir sta tio n s we reemployed ill handlingoverseas air shipments, but th~ [ob gotron heavy as N ava l a i r transpo rt grew .


8/36

H OW T H EN AV Y

R E P A C K S IT S C A R G O

T O!AL ,saving ~f 77 ,~OOpounds atMiall1J alone 15 equIvalen t totheca rgo es o f17 full). lo ade d R 4Dairplanes.Packer:. '


9/36

F R O M 1 ,0 7 6 T O14.072

JULY 19 40

JU lY 19 4 3

S U R FA C EV E S S E L SEACH SYMBOL REPRESENTS 1,000 VESSELS

AVYW HILE rr ve scl and planes have patrolledthe .seven seas, the Navy back home bas beenat work 00 a mammoth production task. Thoughnot by aoy means finished, it has issued an lruerimreport indicating a "phenomenal expansion ofshipbuilding unequalled in history." Figures givenoutindude production of urface ves .cls of alltypes and altCl'afr during a three-year period-July 1, 1940. to July 1 1943.

he tonnage produced is so .. ast that, in irself,it would be one of the largest naval forces anuat.The "new flee(" includes 333 combat vessels1,2 ... mioe crah aod patrol c~aft, 151 auxiliaries.6.54 yard craft and district craft-and maoy thousandsof landing rn aft. In the arne three ears, the. Navycompleted more tban 16,000 planes.

Plane production bas shown a big increase. Inthe 18 lDooths between Ja.nuary 1, 1942. andJuly 1, 1943, it quadrupled. Combat planes doubledin the ear 1942-:aod redoubled. 10 the firSthalf of this year ir approximatel doubled again,

,

A LM O S T 5 ,O O lt ,O O

LO S S E S O F F IG H T IN 'GF O R P A S T T H R E E Y [ A R S

BATIL [SH IPS ~ _ _ 1't h

ft,A liR l.E R S _

C R U I S E R S 'h:d'e!b-"'~del'aa

'e-dtl*erh-d,I"zrr-

.h=',''-yh "% x... Ir,t-v At; 'e'''z-__ _h 1,,,&

DE S l i R OY R S

S U BMAR I N E S------~-Tr.l Il sf e rr e ll t o'I~~s~ii~IUB f1 I~ lio n s o r ~cOi lve rt ed in to 'e:~~~';;:it~~;;:~n o n c omb a t

vesse l s

TOTAL LOSSE S 18 7 V ESSn S 4 8 4 ,5 2 1 T


10/36

N A V A L A V IA T IO N H A S FO R :(PLANESON HAND)

J U l Y1 , , 1 9 40

J ULY 31 , 19 4 3

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11/36


12/36

S U C C E S S O

o S ILKTHIS IB thl: stoiC}'of ,Isearch for .1 su bsti!u.te for ~ i!k Uu utfl(.ItJin Jis'C o very o fa material more snitahle andmoreada ptable than silk.Wl1(:n para chutes w ere used first.fon::lgnsources IH1UlO be depended upon uhnos! entirelyto[ materials,lrnmediatelv afte. uJortLno of the pafll.dmle. nnvn] engineersjlliti.ttl'd ,I pra~f",lm t .1 (QI1Verlthis domestic invention to anentir ely dor ne stirproduct b y Jevtloping ma te ria ls p ro du ce dwjJI1Uywithin lhe Uui(,eJ Scates,

This developm ent created a m ajorprcblern because uf tbeliupedor dnHa(ledsdc.~ of materials used oriJ.:inaUy-~ilk [orca n 0 pi e s arul shroud J ines, aDd Ii nen for harnesses. S i Ik isextremely strong and has a relatively low weight It ulse 1):15the df'sjrab]e prortrty of not lo.~ingits natural resilience afteril ha . ..been t i ,gItt!y p


13/36

[CONTINUED 1

HOW NYLON YARN IS MANUFAC TUR ED

AIR. eOAl WATER.

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14/36

, P IX n U lz

Air


15/36

NYLO :NFOR PARACHUT I 5

Page 10


16/36

N Y LO N M A K E S JU D A Y 'SP A R A C H U T E S U P E R I O R

PO JBll.l'TIH I) nylon for parachule use were recognizedImmediately, and tire a"Y obtained samples from one of

the very Iirsr letso rdotb Woven ex perim en tally. N y-lon hada :i:reattr su en gtb -w cig lit ra tio(h;;t1 a rty o th er textile matc:ti!ll[hen known. That is, Its lren_gth i:. greal:er than silk or othermaterials for a iven weight. or its weight Can be reducedand yet r nc in ta in c om l 'm lnblestrength. Beca use - o fits COITI-po sitio n, n ylo r resists mold, m ildew , fun gu sg row tb, andattack of insects. Mao.msde, its produdion and quatlty arenut dependent upou weather, climate. fa amble seasons.

lngredrent m aterials tan be kept on band to perm it ~ear-found manufacture. M:J:ntifarhlre can he entrolled men.oB eally and sizeand pbysital rharacreristics C! l fthe pro du ctaltered to suit uUIerent USes. These propertiel created greatin terest in nylon, and the N avynegotiated the first contractsawarded Io.r nylon parachutes.

After exhaustive tests to determine speed of opening, rateof descent, perform an ce inccmparison with silk , a nd strengthof assembly, nylo n p ar ac hu te were issued to rervice activitiesin 1940. The), had no special mlukings other than serial num.bers. This precaution Wall taken 50 they would uot be givenspecial treatment by users or riggers or be held back becauseo f p re jud ice ngajl'lSt changes,

The few initial n:ylon p a T chutes have been supplementedby producuondeliveries and now may be f01 .H1dttmon.~ almost.m y group of parachutt:s. B ecause of the background M ex-perience and the care will h has been exercised in mauu-facture of fabric and fabrication of urarhutes, there n eed beno fear o.~ he'!l i t l1ll


17/36

[ CONT INUED I

WITH NO MARGI" FOR ERROR, " . . eTORV IN5PECTORS ....IOED lav POWERFUL LIGHTS S/lRII .. VERY SQUARE INCH OF PARACHUTE CANOPY FOR DEFECTS

NYLO N C HU TE S A R ET O U G H A N D H U S K Y

TH~ sous essential requisites of paCULbutc.'canopy clOUIa re we ig l]! ., strength, rear-resistance, PW r o S lt y .W&IGHImust be held. within close limits so that bulk of the cloth(approoumatcly n5 square rards for a 24-1't.mnopy) will becorrect for encnsing in a standard cuntsiner or padk. If it istoo heavy, the pack will be unnecessarily hatd to close; i f t 0light, pack w ill be loose and sloppy.TENSlU? SrR.IiNt.,THan dTEAR. RESIST. '" CE must be adequate to provide the strengtho f a ssembly d esir ed or safety. PO!!! l'l'Y dhrec tly gove rn s cr.formanc-e chararrerlstlcs uch as tim of ()pl:ning and rate 0descent of the parachute.

If th e doth Is too tight to pr entpr.0per flow of a ir, theparachute will op~ faster and produce ltlrt.eater strain oncanopy and greater shock to jumper, If weave of doth isopen to ~iye .~ high TlM osity (air fio '\\'), opening speed will

14

be slo w which rnay be dangerous in jum ps from10\\ altitudes.Besid es o pe nin g HUt! shock diaca te ristic s, p oro sity co ntro lsr:ateof descent and stability of the parachute. Tightly w ovenfabrk wi t h low l )O f ( ) s i t : ywill cau. e the parachute to descendslower, but also tends to increase osdllatlons or iVayillgmati us. Oscillations are produced b building upof pres-Sun: Witllirt the parachute by reason 0 resistance to passageof ;til' the ugh the doth-with the result that the excess airspills rom under the edge,causing a sw ayin g or swingil'lgmotion of th e o :b jc!.t b ein g c arrie d.

Ehyskll.1properties o f the doth !U'C related dir ecLl} ' andclosely, and all}'alteration i n const rucnon arfects all propertiesand ultimate performance o f tJ1C parachute. Even minor devia,tions, such as a small Cha ng e. inthread size, upset the: balancebetween these established requirements and are reflected inthe fundit nal man1{tecistics of the chute. It CM readily beunderstood why extreme vig il [lee m ust beexer ised 00-ta utly to m a in ta intjunUty o f the m a teria lsused ill parachutesand why substlunion o~ other materials for silk could not be'olved b y a fo rm u la , but had to be 'a t('lv ed a tb y the lo ngerand mere painstaking "cut and try" method. The care andt roub le expe ri encedin the years o fexperiment have been morethan c(Jrnfl:t:!l~a:l.,;:dby results obtained In act ua l p er fo rmance .


18/36

NUI:IUIIY scerrrs to know who lunlthtocriginnl Idea tit ':('n5tru~l1ng r ow, .chutes, P ro bably ir w ;rssll~eslo:d by ob.-t;rVLn,l; pods o tscvernl plllnt s ee ds wh ic hhave shapes sirm lar tu tha tJ ;I I M.I.chute,

The first aI.l-LlI~ntiC"record of , i.ll:vlct"uch :1$ ti l parachute 15 conta ined in theno tes ", Leonardo c l < tVin~'i, In 149')III: U-l,;cumlely desc rib!: 'J the r r l l lc . ' lpJe ; iotparachute op(!ralicHl and made It draw.Illt; which bowed ,1 pyramid of (lothsuspeudmg 11 m an in the a ir. Said Ja

Vil1d~ . It would enable a mun to le tbunself !:III frurn an gfl':tt hci,::hl with.JU t injury to him dt." AhI1Oug~\hi!.desi~1l apparently \V1 I !>sound, there i nrecord llf ' L uyb t J dyhavl1l,l,! ,o n trt.K te dd ;lVuicr pa rach ure,

Siame.se Tumblers Were .first Jumpers

H isto ry isvil,gul;: aboutwho made I[II:first parachute for actual use , Sup.~05edl} , tuJl lb}~I '~o jdl luel1l ' i:


19/36

7 Canopy is draggedfrom container byopened pilot chute

[ N Y L 0 N C D N T I N UE 01

1Jumper gr'3.sps rip-cord ba_ndle whilestanding at door

2Leans forward injwnp position withknees bent slightly

3.Dh'cs forward ,1[11nurwa rd to attahadequate clearanc

9Somersault nears

. completion as lift

. wells follow 11nes

8Shroud lines .slipfrom pack a can-pr shoots skywardP arac h u te 's f iv e parts w ork in perfec t c o -o rd inat ion 'to c om p lete m is s ion ofj um p i

16


20/36

4Assumes an almost'horizontal auirudefor a split second

5PuUs rip cord andimmediately bringarm, back to SIde

1 1

r fill- foldssnaps open,og descent

~A ~ f T R ~ rH IN G C O UR SE fO il P ARA C IIU U R IG G ER3 .aAH D 1~

6Flaps open & pilotChute is releasedwhen cord is pulled

Slides back in har-ness sling to real::izegreater comfort

1 2Grasps lift webs -both hands &.down to shoulders

in fab ric a t io n o f parac h u tes h as b eene s t a b l i s h e db ye x h a u s t i v et e s t ing .

17


21/36

F I.ig h.t A d v is o.ry S e .rv ic eATC Centets D ICA_AFundiotl

A ni~ht ad. ., j~ury serviceis nvailablcto pilots of nava! aircm fl. idrninisteredby r ile a irw lly t:rl1ffi~ccntrol venters o fthe Civil Aeronautics Authority lhwl,lgilthe Civil AcronJuti(s Ad!l1JnI~tratiorl,GHnmWl1cntJOn StatIIUl,'i. Pilots are ad.vised of weather t,_JmlitlOllS,inoperariveor mal functioning radio ald~ to o;Ivi.sa.tion, and ether mformarien on flightSllJdy Naal pilot.li are caunone ..1 notII' proceed against J dllngt'r wamiu!;unless urgt:nl mihbuy llL'(C:ltr dictatesLh:-Il the - \\arni 11 g he' dl'\r c.g a rded.

P B Y C o nv er te dto IrenspertSCJ ' S i cWeigh' Down to J6,600Lbs., Payload Up 3,000 Lbs.

NAS. PATUXENT RIVElL-A sampleoJ what can be done In tflnvertin;!< sea.plnncs i~ shown hy tlw recent vlsilfrom Cow Solu to Na~';!l Air Fadlil)-,.Dinner Key, of il PI'! \" which had beenc orn pl e re ly ronverted tt) j tt;1,nSpOIT.

The calli!) was. ta!5t:d to :I r[l~itIOI"'llllJsh with the deck bulkheads, whichleft adequate hto p ro te et lt~ ai1151 lias11burns, nne of Ole worst battle hazards.

The (Team Wi~S tried om on scverul,-;cof


22/36

U P h o to F le e t" P le n ty R ea lGives Practice Pro,blems Oomph(A jACK50)'>J\llLU M odel pho-

Lo , c , r : n phy1m' made \)bscrv,ttlon a n d rLo ,Lrrlition as near the rea ltlllf\!l .1 . ,po sible for S(~l\.lenl pIlot, III lht'vo.ves uperational tr:!it1ing unit lu-re.Fur obser-, rtiuu problem s, III,oJds orecnefl1} ships 1(1 JI;;rosltiull ure photu.graphed at a scale [11 create the illusiono f altitude; and tor recognhion work ,Lhe, are phoLogcaphtodin ILLq::eWOUpliandprojected on " screen to provide a visualexercise that could not be aceornpli. hedby cleM . ul close up slides andridun:s

A ,J [mal 1 '1111"""f J i his tla ining, elt .11student III the V0--vc. uurt makes ,I

ENEMY fLfiT PI1QTO~ FROM TINY ~HIP MODEU

11U IIIbe r IJ 'UJVI1I'U,:CJ' cpem ticn a I prcb -lern AJl;lhts, wlucb IJldude .1 lwo.heurse arch pro blem , bombl,ng and gUlln ryexercises. DWbQ~ th e search j1rol'l~m,the pilo t opens i\ sealed en elope In\ hich the nern dispositlon IS set forth;.1l~J Oil the basis f Lhi:; information. hl"makes out a contact and am j1liyi ng r rlJr OT l the .~pOl:

rurm~r1y, (lie d ispositio n \;15 merel),J m illl'um .graphed Jla_ gram , N owit is apllOwgraph tlJ models of actua l enem yships In fo rm arto n, rea litic even to thewakes, It give'S the student pilot It werk,uur pretty much akin to thur he would.l!t:t in actual urmbat, since he must makeLIt u report on enemy force. ..ou.rs~,

speed and composition, and be able toreco gnize cla sses o fships in tL I h to ,f;tul'h-aU while; bwy II illg hi: plant'and keeping no course.

Simplicity In the setup makes it pas.!ribl!! to provide It cunstantly dl l l l l ,L .>1ogset of di pesicicns andrernjmition prob-lerns in interestin~ plctoNal fashion,

(ALLING -\LL SQUADRON COMMAN.DfIlS

~;'f"'N6 " ' I ,

D o e l EAC H P IL O T

C heck P LA IIEG E A RBefore E AC H FU GH T

T h re e N ew S en se P am p h le tsStyle and Treatment Familiar

AJdl:d II' lit" hst o f u ito rm a uve , easy-wadi n g SI'I1SC pamphlet an:three newissues: Flat-H f,"'1\,;',

MANNER i SENSE-Iquenl ulli e rs lillI 'be ill"Jill' I tit think " f [I,,, ,(II iWI I"~tlt!; ')1 rl",.1,)(llmC'nt a.- 'nld ;~lJff. AII,wcr~ In t i l ; , . ,.ire, 1, ,. U yu u tlunk l(~ "Id ~luli: "Jake IIelltd; ,jill I set' h"w m.lny " '"I . l t1"nNJW\ I ,~ . ..nnd hear aruund rOl" Then tum tlw rrurrorI,,, r,lUr5l.:1f," ~. TI'C'AIIlIO'nl ,It ( be ~ lI l> l ~n"tnmnner j,; F~f;"h ~ ~O IJi!h 10 ;ntH,'> t .1111.1en[rrloin r he rn nsr -P llli,h ed orhcer, '111 uru-tU/fn )'II"'I~ " rn.uked nuu: 1 fld y uu stw~IiJhNoll! tun'chlu> "F the i-,li,'1 1 '";'\Vt'fiHlt,'

ALEUTI"N SEKSE -A Je ul,31 J w ea the rIS unhktlkll ul .lU)' other pl.,~~ ill (h" 1I'1Izid-phl~\'\:'llIiw,\w" 'In fly,"!: Aleutrnn weather Ih~fI:I- 11" >uh.lltutc' Ior IISHl' your bead Jn d[ur une has yet sd Inmself up lt~ ,III ouTimer i'l aoy ph.l 'St: fi r AJ~UI""1 ,lpcratiLln;,

U SE TH IS FO RM TO O RD E R PAM PH 1E 'TS

FIe,OM,(Unll ",,,,,,,on"",)

TO: Offlc .. 0 '.hoGChi", of N,,,", , , , ,IOpo.,,'IQ"~SUBJeCT, Pa'_"phlols-Ft~q,1I6ot l 'Or,

II Is ...quo.'lad thaI copIes 01 new p,,,nphleh be .. nl a. Indlco'od 10 thi, odl . . lly.

COPIES

SIGNED:

Dolivery

Add ...... ,

"AMPtlLEr

R"I-H"Hins SenJ~

MOAII Su'"'" CFor Ttoinlng ACllvlll" 'IAleuli , Sense

19


23/36

IX-PhysicsNrk JIM ("'!I chtl';rc to WIt/I,lr,, Ifll~

j 1"telTl.etW belo I I'. Wf !11 rhl!ck JOIlr ~I}-'.1//(1,'1 (In p .. ;2.

I, Velocity of ree.oll of ony p",tI.ulo, gunQ

n.. battle.hip mGy' h (olclIl .. ted f....... th . ..r t r-horc of gl l l1 .weight "f ,hdl, ,m d

ve l ,dly rof ~l te lt tH muzzle:-] J._we,ght {It gun. weurh (II shel],

and velndty of shel I 1lI IIIlIzzllo .' velocity ,,[ shell ilL muzzle, 1 ' 1 and iurl;l5

o b--ampercs an d turnso ,-vnlt~. turns, und Ihe di.,metci I,fthe- turns

o .-i-amperes nnd the di~trll!'lt'r of TnttUfU:S-

~--l-mp ..res and tl.e test,tatl"" of rh eWI re in the magne t

3, In 0'1 Ol .1 -11.~al 11I l J ) IU/),e1l') I, Jf o~/iiI, .kl t ."" '11 ,I ' ' ' ' ' ' 'li

1'1'1. 11l,fl:i11'"l>l,M 1 > 11111)/1 I,e,ltl/l at/llt/". !'I th" FrlO/,I'

""~ Offl, ... lal'_ ~I 1'{tpi n/ D'P"'38f(',,,, .. !l.mlral!:)

J.J1>,~nt. rltl~V~ rl'pfi1l!. (11 " l' _A.A. I'e!!"rt

8,0. .'' '/ 811,,11 /'/''1,1. ,\",,1',/1 l'Il


24/36

Q UO N S E T 'S "E A G ET o u g h , T a u tand T h o r o u g h Is th eI ndo c t r i n a t i o nThai P repares O ffice rs

lo r M any B ille ts In N ava l Avia tion

Q U()N irr gradunted officers are be-coming ill a manner o f sp ea kin g,ubiquitous. Wherever N avysails andNavy rhine fly, there will be foundofficers pecia!!}' trained at the RhodeIsland naval training sehocl [indortria,arion) to fill bdlets


25/36

P i a yt 's

P R E O AW Ncall rouses the naval aviator Outof his equipment-strung bunk aboard carrier

JAMOKE-nqwck cup with .his mares in readyroom-pl'epar:c' aviaror for patnol over ocean

22

o n Carr ierA lRrRAFT carriers :HC h Iping the United States Navyn u le tire:jtvtl1 seas today w ith the irswarms o f fightingplanes LhasUlg Japanese destroyers, rnn sers anti transportships to (Over, :1110 new and umverted carrier aiding in11eutral i7 , iI1g th e U.bon t rnenare, The Iife of .1 11:1\ ' ,11avia.to r ubo.1ru one ofthese Hat-lorS is no t Iirnitcd to com batII illg~ht live the aunekind of 11lif , in m any ways, a,,;~ fdlow o f1 Jl 'e r~ ..shore. Ht't;l::ts u~early, ha s h rs javaand his bul I' sessions, m ixed w ith studyand preparationsor action. 011 these paf!:CS NA r\'OS show il ft'w pickeJscenes from the life of 1I navy Iii rJb(lltrJ u:ner.x .

A IR O FF IC ERaboard ur rjer X instructs menin navigation and other problems of the dll.Y-

P L O T T IN G B O A R D .before him, aviator worksup navigation data prior to manning plane


26/36

C H E C K I N Gplane before takeoff captain aidspilot adjust his harness and headphone tset

C O U TB OM B E Rroars down the deck of Carrier Xto keep irs rendezveu overhead with squadron

A D IO M AN ,who doubles as rear gunner, goesover his .30 calibre guns before raking oH

leader and other ships; once assembled rhey bead. off 10pateol vase ocean areas for enemy subs menacing convoy

23


27/36

OESTROYERS criss-cross in Iront of carrier as

her aircraft assemble overhead for missionto hum down U.boats; ship's crew line nils to walch asthey leave; Carrier X has plenty of AA guns in neat rows

.. T R IMSOD'Ssuch as these belp U. ~. Navy crack

.. stranglehold Uboats had 01) ajlied shipping; inthis picture they are ready to pair off and start searchCOJ: sobs surfacing to rechange 'batteries or seek quan:y

C ,O N TA C T w ithsurfaced uh vsreblisbed, SBDspilot makes strafing CtID, peppering it to keep'

submarine's CJrCW Irom coming topside 0 man deck gunsand chase off planes before bombs can be chopped 00 it

24


28/36

S I . GNALMA . N I'gives CUt t o p. lL t l . c . ,rerurning after sinking sub

ft, W AR .D .ROO .M e a . rdgall1c.aids.meoW w relax from day's patrols

E T E R N AL V IG ilA N C E

Carrier duty-the goal of most na \ ' 111svierors=eften may get monotocous inthe long patrols which the shirs mustm ake, especially w hen110 submannesare flushed and sunk, but eternal vigi-lance is the price o r staying afloatthese days. America's growing carrierstrength, together with her expilfidingground bases ill the Pacific, helps keepthe Jap fleet signilicantiy out of sight.

2 S


29/36

M AR N CORPSMorine Aviators Try Hand at Sailing

C t nu ! . .RYPOlNT.- They m< l y be avi-

ators first, but Marines at th is sta tio nalso will se ta thanCt to ee how theylil, king s.. ilors.

Fifteen sailboats :lIIU fj(teen row.lou ts ha c been secured for usc: of ,thepersonnel fllr recrea tion pu rposes. A nare.l in the Neuse Rrver has been se tllSlde as R sai l! nA zone for embryoThoma Liprons. Novice, intermediatea nd ex pert pcrnuts are rssu ed a fte r tests,to help insure II!.;tUnsl accidents,

Group 43 Builds Swimming Pool

EL [lNTIl .-Gwup 13. In order totu lllply w ith orders ontraihfllB froma higher echelon, have built .1 swimmingpooJ--or shoul d we say bole? This (e.fre hing spo t in the m idsLo f tilt: AIDed.C!i.fI Sahara isknown a s Gn bjc r'~ Gulch,named alter th e genius \VIm conceivedthe idea of aSWim.I l11Og ho le in n desertwithou! trees, blondes, or soft drinks.The _g roup has beenoperating in tam -peraturcs up to 12)', and the new poolcomes in very handy-even w itho ut tileblondes.

Perfect New Gun nery Sleeve

U-IEJillY PotNT.-A Marine n.ight6gh te r sq uaaron at this sta tion hns d cveloped a new gunnery sleeve t ) enableIt fixed gtml1lH}' rUII fo r a non.deflec-Ii 11 hot,

I'he sleeve I~ designed to fly at 45";,m gk and at;1 lower altitude thac thetowplane. To achie e this the top haJJof 1I rcsuiar tow sleeve is cut in bulL

Thi is spirt o pe nand a third of Itscircumference is replaced w ith w irem esh obtained from an antia ircra ft ban ,ncr ta l"get. Themesh is sewn ttl th el1 ('gu Lar rao vas sleeve > lfld hlpers. in pN .(1ortion a t thetail,

A heavy wC lght ls pla.cedin the noses ,I,ul the mesh faces inboard. Thiso ffers le ss re sista nce a nd m rce s,U1C sleeveto the side 0 the towplane.

form 10 Ease Recordi"g of flights

HERRYPOlNT.-With the great in.crease in operations at this st:illon-nearly 900 flights daily~it W3 neces-sary to devise a standard system forsubm itting dU y fIJght schedules.The schedules arc necessary sooper-

ations could handle traffic and notm-ClIt'ians of flights given to th e ArmyJnterrept r Commnnd, Wilmington.N. c., and Air Tmffi.c Cootrol,Wash-lngton, D. C

Porms were made up by operationsdepartment in pads of 100 each withone-lim e carbon between eachsheet.During a recent m onth, operations av-eraged 900 flights daily from the mainstatiu n, O utly in g fields averagedabout5(10 operations. Peak so fa r was 1,012nperntions at o'erTY Point and (it ~


30/36

A 'R .e d . .le nse d N ig ,h tG o g g lePre.-Adapls Vision 10 Dar.kness

Most helpful ofnew aids that re,duce time raruUe'!fo r a da ptin g visiontb da rk[I('5S is a.close littiQg r ee , ! .leased go ggle w hichthe wearer uses one.

AIDS N,'GHT VIS~DN half hour beforeentering darkness,

TIle new development is described intile amended version ofTeehnlral Note. 30-42, Notes(J/l Nigh) Vi:rian.

The new goggle enables flight crewsto remain in a brightly lighted roomwhile becom ing pre-adapted for nightactivities. Wearers are unable, however,to discern red lines an maps or charts.The dark adaptor goggles are 011 allow-ance lists Ior a . J lships ;tlld sratiens understock num ber 37~G-3530, A ll re~uisi-lio ns sho uld be direercd to AviationSupplt OffifC, Naval Aviation SupplyDepo t, Ph il!l-d elp hi:t, " Penn a ,T.N. : 3< l - 4 . 2 ,as amended. also pre-

sents "Teo Commandments o.f NightVision":; . Do net :11empi nigh t J uties urt t il dark

ad ;I~ ted -; ;r vQid sho r t cu ts ,2, Maimaill rn nx imu rn du.rklId!lplll:tion b i'

!JVriiding ill possible llght: practiceblindfold! deills until a lJ surroundingsare k no wn by touch.

3-. Fo r i~!rnl1len( Hght!n& use dim light,p r- ef eub ly r ed;do n ot sta re longer thanl Ie . :oesSa:ry~j l ig Jl l .! i nsu ,Hnl ln ts .

4. Ketp windshield and goggle:; spotl e,~

and nnscratched ..: ;. p~e tiC l' i use o f corn~ o f the' - ' ye ,< ;night targets lin'! better S~f'1! B y notloQkIng directly at them.

6. M eve theeyes, f re


31/36

T o o l fo rF a b r i cS t r i p sNorfolk Civilian Wins Award

-A , -RFOLJ(-A C1V,U, n rnployeat this station 1m3 designed "ll tool orbt:uJJog fahric rd,lilll:t stri (l!i til (,lllltuU r\\ hidl rnnkes ;1 90 perceuL!:imt ltvinl~over hand m ethods and elim i nates buck

lin.g of the metal.I'lle trJul on sists 0 j Iwo I'l1 du I l'1u , , , '_separated at a prudeterruined dis t a ureand ut 0[1 DC end to a definite radius.

THIS INVI1NTION WON WORKER '" CASH PR'IZE

T\\~I 51(."'( '1 it u.p ' iwuh J. H e rare bolt, dbetween tllt ..m to roll \!II the urved endof the plates. and (\ m etal bnd;.:eI 10stalled actoss the ends of the rlate-. Byrm.11iIi}< the roller down i l l< ; r11 rvedsurface Ihl:strill is fr'i'u .:d hetw cen therhlles a nd bern lo ..Jg l:w iso .:.

I IJGBIG:'-"I' j}'- \aT[H'!!: K Til[HW, ;"11".~u"rl!Ill.h ~

F o rRe fr ac tio n Co rr ec tio n sApplied fo Observation Thruthe Navigation Dome, cv ern l in qu irie s. ha ve : be enreceived

I> 10 refr:l(tiQn ulrrel'tion to be appliedwhen sextant observations acre 1111l ,dethrough naviga uon dom es,FS o.88.0-200.

Correcriuns appear on a .sruall cardcemented to dome near its mountingfla.rtf!~ ylsihl to frominside dom e. Head-Ill,g on correction card is Vcr. De .Minutes of Arc. (Ver. DeY,- /trtirrllJ"1 irJtio1i.) On cud, conertion in mill-ut of arc to be applied to ol e . r 'IC Ualtitude due to vertical deviation or re-traction of dom e, is ~iyo;;nlIt 1 Q" alti-tude intervals fm attitudes between 20"arrd SO". Propel : a J~ebra icsigmnHc pre-IIxed to corrections.

These correcti ns applj' to sightsmade in UUI T ! Wll}' thar in dex prismI

ru rueter

The f\ 'Ur red arc all .Hlapt.Lti 0otU10se fumhihc::d 10 bomb irdier use j: Arm Air for es, Jcscri~


32/36

LA S T B ACK P AD K IT

. . . .

1Convenient strap-on kit fO,r air cr~w 2 Everythjn~ from emerge~cy rati~ns to sunburn oin~mencdesigned to supply essentials of hfe enclosed 10 compact urnt for airmen forced to bailout

3 Pockets of zipper case hold equipmentneeded on life raft or [uogle isla nd

B uAr rR , Il! !mad ,:vlL lla blcto aU supp ly points lhe ~atest -rr=0, backpat! kits, under Contract N O IL ( ),]409 and ()a(S) -1 549, Kits ared e~ ig nc J p rima rily fo r usc withparndrate type life miL , .a.1l~ s\J.lflcient

J;car 1$pro iJed (0 sustain life w hether la ndin gsare m ade in rhe jungleor on water. Contents the kit were bas


33/36

W E IG IfT

~) & --

2 BA lANC lIT IS dowrt-ro-earth in .i:t~ presentatioC1:-t~at

booklet at the ief[-a.ndlt tells a convincing

story of the woe that is in STOre for those who ig-nore Namre's laws of weight and balance whenloading a PV-L It is an eaen est atternpr of anoperarienal rrainjoJg squadron co make its loadingcrews consciou s of the center of gravity in :1 plane.

\WEIGHT and BALANCE CONTROL have busiedBut\er and Army experts for somerime, and moreis to be beard on this subject. Below, NANu\" r spresents theparnphlet in film-strip continuity form ..


34/36

Em e rg e n c ySignaling M irror -S igna ling L ight

L IA ISO N C OM M ITT E E O NEM ERG EN CY R ESC U E EQ UIPM EN T

conrdinnre and dis$erolollted;it:J OIl develop-rnenr nf emcrAcncy rescue e.quipmeut by Army.Nil\'l' Coast GURrd and Maritime Commission, theJ"int U. S, 01i~f5 of $1;Uf e!hlbllsucQ the LIAiSONoM~IITTIl.11 ON EMlIRGENC't ' I tE.sCU"S EQUlPM~NT.

It is composed of rspresenmrives of each servicewi tl t t echn icn lp~rB(1nnelu nd er fl,e d ir ec tio no f the~,I\'r"S CmwJinll tur of Rcsenrrh !lUU Development,Tilt' CO:r.fMITI'l!l!. ,ug,ge rs Items f lf emergenrve qu ipm e nt fllrcunsldcrntlon hy elch ni hr '('!"'I.' jere"

T HE Committee's Bulletin No.1 (June 5) recorn.mends employment of colorless lenses in all lifepreserver liF#"S, and use of temi,ered glass type sig-naling mirrors iL Llieu of chromium plated metal re,fle cto r.~ . 'T he l i re preserver light w as described01]rage 49 o f the .March 15 issue of i\V A l AVIA nON

FWS (the"1l BuAEn 1 EWS). An expoeimentallluantity procured under 'avy A eronautical Sp-=cil1c:J-tlOIl M567 was dls ir ilmt-ed tocentral supply points.These Lights Me aJI equipped with colorless len es.

Before issuance of tile Counnlttee's Bulletin N .. 1,BuAer had Ilppro'>(cd the tempered glass sigoilingmirror. Tests by service activities indicated that Sight.!n,g features were suffidenLly accurate to m nKe rcH -tlOI1S vis ib le frompoints tea miles ttway, Accof!tn,~I"Navy Aeronauticn! Specification M-580 coverin!!tempered glass type of signaiin,g mirror was prepared.It IS bcillg sp ecified fo r p ara chu te ha ckraJ kits andairrraft shipw reck kits no w in C tltlrs(;; o f pro curem ent.

Back pa d kit lUC described on page 29 of thisimll:' and -aircraft s hj' pw rc ck k it swere Illustrated onin sid e b ackCOVel' o f S eptem bctr-'_ issu eo f NANE\VS .BuAI .! t:w i ll appreci at ecomments on the effectivenesso f this equipm ent under" co nditio ns o f em Jf'rgetJcyuse.

e s c u e m e n tq u

+

JIlJINT ARMYNAVY eOAflcD PUTS COLORLESS LENSB IN LIFE PRESERveR LIGHT

31


35/36

LETTERS: : :mo;. .

A~l1J I pll fm tim .!I'P" Llf%,ht .ltlty c1l1J h~IW fhr In"i&nf~ ,h,mIJ bl

I II 1I1 ', '""i\l!(/llu , ,;/ 11\. '1 I. ,.,1", I II / 1.", ' I'.

]juf~"!1k. CdI!'

~T The objt:Lt uf ! i: '(.d"" 1._;11Obstc rW FJesi.gpation is to estnbJish ,t higher pityb_l!ii~ to c umpen \S l lle fl1 r.j_ddhl p. . .rsoilldrisk. No ull;ignla ha..~ IW{'n.wthorizc , c ;n g i; 1t eIn aena If ti .g :h ts inClHHleaic)JI with t rw_iTdUlies_Mere rmve~ llOwC \'t'r fr e~ lL lcn ~.shmdJha,"e nil ('o !ll! o;;cb on w ilh ' iSloU!i:fl,CC ofl1i~ht-(,r~lt (5.

Usc of the pllL1sC Tf'i hl/l(,11 Ob-J d oMt followI he olnCtf hu t ceasr upon detachm entfrom the billet \\ here Ihey (;);Isted.L-hp.l!t orders fOf Tedm i("J[ ' Ob se rv ersIllU~t h~ sptNi('llIy ro ,stilled :IS ilpplyinj,;to the new bi Ilelin the ne w d II ty stationif o ffiu :-r is to !'Orl!1Ue same type ofwnrk artd cO llti n net11 receiVI: fH,ebr pay.Pay for Technical Observers 11,15 been 51 e n ,orB.O"Q. IIcl't'. tilt Itl~11the ftln.l!t " r lilt ~f1~Jl1y's 1")'I'i",~fl.ll basesII . A Ja~b "" . IA ...,tmJi,I. 1'11('better 1ilmtegyI~ r o I-> rin hI i lL""Enroll',)' cl,,' Its ma.n counter-"/ f


36/36

Documents

Naval Aviation News - Nov 1943