arWm-fn\n kmcm-`mbv

1918þ ]me-¡mSv P\n-¨p. C´y-bpsS iq\ym-Im-i-K-th-j-W-cw-K¯nsâ ]nXm-hmbn KWn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ hn{Iw-km-cm-`m-bn-bpsS ]Xv\n. `mc-Xob imkv{Xob \r -̄cq]-§sf, {]tXy-In-̈ pw ̀ c-X-\m-Sys¯, temI-P-\-Xbv¡p ap¼n F¯n¨ {]Xn-̀ . 1965þ ]ß-{i-obpw 1992þ ]ß-̀ q-j¬ _lp-a-Xnbpw e`n-̈ p. {_n«-\nse CuÌv B¥nb kÀÆ-I-em-ime Un.-enäv _ncpZw \ÂIn. temI-{]-ikvXn BÀPn¨ KpP-dm-¯nse ZÀ¸W Iem-tI-{μ-¯nsâ kmc-Yn.

hn. Fkv. `mkvI-c-¸-Wn-¡À

1928þ tIm«bw Idp-I-̈ m-en P\n-̈ p. t]mÌ hIp-̧ n DtZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp-¶p. B\p-Im-en-I-§-fn \nc-h[n Ihn-X-IÄ FgpXp-Ibpw Cu a®nsâ KoX-§Ä F¶ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lmcw {]kn-²o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \mSy-imkv{Xw DÄs¸sS-bpÅ ̀ mc-Xob Imhy-ao-amw-k-sb-¡p-dn v̈ A´m-cm-jv{S-X-e-̄ n {i²n-¡-s -̧Sp¶ sh_vssk-äp-I-fn teJ-\-§Ä {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨n«p|v. Ct¸mÄ ZÀ¸-W-bnse hnZymÀ°n-IÄ¡v `mc-Xobkuμ-cy-im-kv{X-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« amÀ¤-\nÀt±-i-§Ä \evInhcp-¶p.

arWm-fn\n kmcm-`mbv

`c-X-\mSyw: Adntb|sXÃmw

hnhÀ¯\whn. Fkv. `mkvIc¸Wn-¡À

BUn kn _pIvkv

Malayalam LanguageOriginal English Title

Understanding Bharata NatyamArt/Dance

by Mrinalini SarabhaiMalayalam Title

Bharatanatyam AriyendathellamTranslated by V. S. Bhaskara Panicker

© D C Books/Rights ReservedFirst Published September 2012

e-book Edition December 2012

PhotographsYadavan Chandran (for Darpana)

Cover DesignDesign Studio

PublishersDC Books, Kottayam 686 001

Kerala State, Indiawebsite : www.dcbooks.com

Although utmost care has been taken in the preparation of this book, neither the publishers northe editors/compilers can accept any liability for any consequence arising from the informationcontained therein. The publisher will be grateful for any information, which will assist them in

keeping future editions up to date.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted in any formor by any means, without prior written permission of the publisher

.

ISBN 978-81-264-3766-5

D C BOOKS - The first Indian Book Publishing House to get ISO Certification

customer support: ebooksupport@dcbooks.com ebook website: ebooks.dcbooks.com

DÅ-S¡w

imkv{Xob \r¯-co-Xn-IÄ 11

t£{Xhpw Ie-Ifpw 25

\S-cmP\r¯w 30

AS-hp-IÄ 36

\mSy-k-¦ev]w 39

A`n-\bw 44

ckhpw `mhhpw 48

\mbn-Ibpw {]t`-Z-§fpw 57

BwKnIw 64

lkvX-ap-{Z-IÄ 74

\r¯-¯n BwKn-I-N-e\w 108

`c-X-\mSy¯nsâ kwKoXw 113

BapJw

Al½-Zm-_m-Znepw _tdm-U-bn-ep-apÅ ̀ c-X-\m-Sy-hn-ZymÀ°n-I-tfmSv Rm³ \S-¯nb {]`m-j-W-§-fmWv Cu ]p-kvX-I-¯n-\m-[m-cw.

`c-X-\m-Sy-̄ nse {]mNo\ kn²m-́ -§fpw {]tbm-K-§fpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu ]pkvXIw klm-b-I-am-sW-¶-dn-bp-¶-Xn F\n¡v AXn-bmb Nmcn-XmÀ°yap|v.

A\-h[n Kpcp-¡-·m-cpsS Iogn hÀj-§-tfmfw \o| ]T-\-¯n \ptij-amWv ZÀ¸W-ssien F¶v C¶dnb-s¸-Sp¶ ssienbn-te¡v `cX\mSys¯ Nn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ F\n¡p Ign-ª-Xv. B Kpcp-¡-·m-tcmSp ]d-ª-dn-bn-¡m³ Ign-bm¯ IS-¸mSp|v.

Nn«-bmb coXn-bn AS-hp-IÄ F¶nep-d-¸n-¨Xv Fsâ BZy-Kp-cp-\m-Y-\mb {io Im«p-a-¶mÀtIm-hn ap¯p-Ip-am-c³]n-Å-bm-Wv. sNdp-¸-¯nte In«nb Cu in£Ww Fsâ Iem-Po-hn-X-¯n-ep-S-\ofw apX¡q-«m-bn«ps|¶p ]d-bmsX h¿. ZoÀL-Imew At±lw ZÀ¸-W-bn {]hÀ ¯n-¡pIbpw sNbvXp.

]m´\-ÃqÀ k{¼-Zmb¯nse F®n-bm-sem-Sp-§m¯ k¦oÀ®-amb ]mT-§Ä kvt\l-hm-Õ-ey-t¯msS F\n¡p ]IÀ¶p-X¶ Fsâ Kpcp-\mY {io ]m´\-ÃqÀ ao\m£n kpμ-cw ]nÅ, Rm³ ZoÀL-Imew hnZy-A-`y-kn-¨ {io ]m´\-ÃqÀ sNm¡-enw-K-]n-Åbv¡pw {io In«-¸³]nÅ bv¡pw. {io In«-̧ ³]nÅ ]n¶oSv ZÀ -̧W-bnepw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibp|mbn.

A`n-\-b-¯nsâ kp`-K-amb coXn-IÄ F\n¡p ]IÀ¶p-X¶ {io Im©o-]pcw Ge-¸³]n-Å, Ipd-h-©n F¶ \mSy-cq-]s¯ hni-Z-ambn ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯n¯¶ {io X©m-hqÀ B|mf½ F¶n-hsc Rm³ \μn -tbmsS kvacn-¡p¶p.

Gd-¡psd \mtim-·p-J-amb \nc-h[n \r¯-cq-]-§fpw {]tbm-K-§fpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ \nc-h[n Bfp-IÄ Fs¶ klm-bn-¨n«p|v. AhÀs¡-Ãm-hÀ¡pw Rm³ \μn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p.

`c-X-\mSyw : Adntb|sXÃmw F¶ ]pkvXIw km[y-a-m-¡n-b-Xn\v ZÀ¸-W-bnse Ip¨n-¸pSn A²ym-]-I³ {io kn. BÀ. BNm-cyephnt\mSv Rm³ \μn ]dbp-¶p. ̀ c-X-\m-Sys¯ kw_-Ôn¨ \nc-h[n A{]-Im-inX cN-\-IÄ Rm³ a\-Ên-em-¡n-bXv At±-l-̄ nsâIqSn klm-b-̄ m-em-Wv.

AS-hp-IÄ¡pw lkvX-ap-{Z-IÄ¡pw ]mZ-t`-Z-§Ä¡pw Bh-iy-amb Nn{X-§Ä¡mbn t]mkv sNbvX ZÀ¸-W-bnse \À¯-I-tcmSv Rm³ {]tXy-I-ambn \μn ]d-bp-¶p.

CXnse {]`m-j-W-§Ä Gdnb ]¦pw `c-X-ap-\n-bpsS \mSyimkv{X-s¯bpw \μn-tI-izcsâ A`n-\-b-ZÀ¸-W-s¯bpw imc-MvKtZ-hsâ kwKo-X-c-Xv\m-I-c-s¯bpw A[n-I-cn-̈ p-Å-h-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n A{]-Im-inX cN-\-Ifpw klm-b-I-am-bn«p|v. t£{X-§fpw Ie-Ifpw F¶ A²ym-b-¯n\v The Hindu Temple F¶ sÌÃm {Ima-vdnIvknsâ ]p-kvXIw hfsc b[nIw klm-bn-¨n«p|v.

kaÀ¸-W-`m-th\ \r¯s¯ kao-]n-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw \½psS \mSy ss]Xr-Is¯ Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw Cu ]pkvXIw Hcp hgnIm«n bm-Is«-sb¶v \mSy-tZ-h-\mb \S-cm-P-t\mSv Rm³ {]mÀ-°n-¡p-¶p.

NnZw-_cw arWm-fn\n kmcm-`mbn Al-½-Zm-_mZv

A²ymbw 1

imkv{Xob \r¯-co-Xn-IÄ

Pohn-X-̄ nsâ FÃm taJ-e-I-fnepw `mc-Xo-b-kn-²m-́ -§fpw BZÀ-i-k-¦-ev]-§fpw a\p-jy\pw Cuiz-c\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôp-Xz-̀ m-hs¯

AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv bpK-§-fn-eqsS A`w-Kpcw XpSÀ¶phcn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. D]-\n-j-̄ p-¡Ä {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p: ""tZthm ̀ qXm- tZhw btPXv''þþ Cu-iz-cs\ Bcm-[n-¡p-hm³ Hcp Cuiz-c-\m-bn-̄ o-cp-I. ̀ mcXw Cu imizX-kXys¯ AXnsâ kwkvIm-c-̄ n aqÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw IS-en-\p-a-̧ pdw hym]n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

\r¯s¯ tZh-X-IÄ¡p hfsc CjvS-s¸« Hcp A\p-jvTm-\-ambn Icp-Xn-t¸m-¶p. FÃm PohnX-hym-]m-c-§fpw Cuiz-c-\n kaÀ¸n-¡p-Isb¶Xv Gähpw t{ijvT-amb Bcm-[-\m-co-Xn-bmbn IW-¡m-¡n-bn-cp¶p.

Cuiz-c-·m-sc-Ãm-hcpwXs¶ alm\À -̄I-cm-bn-cp-¶p. krjvSn, ØnXn, kwlm-c-§Ä¡v Imc-I-·m-cmb {_Òm hnjvWp atl-iz-c-·mÀ A\m-Zy-´-cmb {XnaqÀ¯n-I-fmWv. hf-sc ap¼p-Xs¶ ]e t]cp-I-fm hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¦nepw ]c-am-ßm-hmb Cuiz-c³ AZzn-Xo-b-amb GI-k-¯-bm-sW¶v (G-Iw-kZvhn{]m _lp-[m-h-Z-´n) AkμnKv[ambn Ejn-IÄ {]kvXm-hn-¨n-«p|v.

A[À½w temIs¯ `oj-Wn-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ ZpÀaqÀ¯n-I-fn -\n¶pw temIs¯ c£n-¡p-hm³ ØnXn-Im-c-I-\mb hnjvWp Xsâ Cuiz-cmw-is¯ a\p-jy-\n kw{I-an-̧ n v̈ Ah-Xmcw sImÅp-¶p. Hmtcm hyàn -`m-h-¯n\pw A\p-tbm-Py-amb amÀ¤-¯n-eqsS apànt\Sp-hm-\pÅ hgn `K-h-ZvKoX Im«n-¯-cp-¶p. Adn-hnsâ ]mX-bmb Úm\-tbm-Khpw Bcm-[-\-bpsS ]mX-bmb ̀ àn-tbm-Khpw {]hr-¯n-bpsS ]mX-bmb IÀ½-tbm-Khpw Cu hgn-I-fm-Wv.

kwlm-c-IÀ¯m-hmb inh³ \r -̄̄ nsâ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-Wv. inh³ \S-cm-P³ F¶mWv Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ Iri-a-²ybpw kpμcn-bp-amb kl-[À½n-Wn-þþ-ln-a-hXv]p{Xn-bmb ]mÀÆ-Xn-þ-þ`qXe-hmkn I-Ä¡p ]Tn-¡p-hm³th|n Cu Iesb kzÀ¤-¯nÂ\n¶pw B\-bn¨ BZys¯ \r¯m-²ym-]n-I-bm-Wv.

\qäm|p-I-fn-eqsS hr²n-{]m-]n¨ `mc-Xob Iem-]m-c-¼-cys¯ Xncn-ªp-t\m-¡p-t¼mÄ, thÀXn-cn-¡m-\m-hm-¯-hn[w bmYmÀ°yhpw ]ucm-WnI`mh-§fpw IqSn-¡-eÀ¶ Hcp temI-̄ mWv F¯n-t -̈cp-¶-Xv. hmsam-gn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv Adnhv ChnsS imiz-Xo-I-cn-¡-s -̧«-Xv. ""Kpcp -{]-Y-a-cq-]w, injy³ c|m-a-t¯Xpw. Ch-cpsS kwK-a-Øm-\-amWv Adn-hv.'' ap¼v Kpcp-

11