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AIII>KHH I I= II> L GIH LH I= NI>JJH III> I I> KG I= G>K>HHIIH. >H , IIH L=I KI< LH, L= M>IH=GI-IG GI GIH G I=>G G>KI KII= > JGI>IGH > GG, H HLGI= JI >I, I K>>I JG G>H >I> I I= >IIN I= HIIH LH I H>GH KI) I I= G II: HKGHJGH = > IH. +I J>GK>< > N IIG IIH I= G GJI>K.HLGI= > I I I= M>< =>H GIH >HIG> JIJI> HIH KG JG H, =LH LG I= GH. LH H GJN LG

I=I =>H GI>H=> L>I= >>K>J IIH HHG>N >KKI=>G =>. " >HI HLGI= LH M>>I> I=>H G I =>H L>, J>I HIK>< =>H IIH I L> G=I >H I=>G HH: I=NG H GN I I=>G L L>, >I >H JI JHI I=N H=J HI JGH. = >I > GJH>< IG> N I= HH LH II IJG JI G G>H I= GIH J L =>G I= G HIGN>< JG HII. G >H >H>I I= GH I=I GG>O >=>H JI >G L>< I= GGIN.102

HLGI=, I, I=G>O =>H MG> > >IH HHH II= N KI> > "G. E=>< I=C>G GG>I LH JI I =>HK>I>H I=I AJIJG>H I N >, JI I= HIJHJ I >.103 = HI HIIH, =>H=GH, IH = KI H>G GI I J>I>< I= HIG>>H JIJG GI>, L>< >I I I=I L=GI= %> L->< I= CJ>IN H.104FJI I =>H GI LH I= G =HI >GK>: I= H> I=>G >H. IIHLJ L HJG I >GK I=>G IJG GIHN G> I= "G>H= GG I K> I= HIGJI> I=>GHIIH N IIH) I G L %H, IJG I=>GL JH-. J= L NI NI I=I I= < => %. AH HLGI= KGNM>>I, I=>H GI>H=> L>I= I= LH IG>>< K>GIJ. GHI>< I= BJH>HH G>I, I=DJIN L> %>GIN LH


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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I JI>KI JG HJ= G, L EJI>. J=G>I, KIJH J = JIN

I I= I= HI G>>H JIJG JI K>< >JHIG>JH GGH LJ GJ G I=GN K>I I= KGIN I= I>. +G JIJG GI>H I=I = >HIGI N G>JHHI>I (> GI>JG N I>I=H H>IH NH) LJ GIJGI=G I. J= HGN >HH I>G>>H LH >ML>I= > G>> L= HLGI= G, " L>H= I=>IH DNH LG I H>, L>I= N GI, I=I >GIN I =, L, HL, G LI=>G LJ GH I=H DNH; I=N LJ HGK IIG,

I=>G CJIGN G>KI F>>H, I= L I=N .106HLGI=, I=, = >I>I JGHI>< I= >I>H >H =>H GI>H=> L>I= I= , =>H IIH, I= HIIJH I=N GG. >, J H>, K IJG =>H= I I= J< H-GHI>< + HIGLJ =K H>G). LH I JI I= II>> IH GI>< GIH, JI H I H>GGIH H G GN H= > GG I HJG I=I =>HHH HHN > JG> LH HJHH.

HLGI= LH L= GI>N I GJH > > I= >I> >>I =>H HIIH: I=GGH >H I>< L>I= GGH I H> GGGIH, KIH, >HIG> JGI> >GKI >H K>I > =>HGGH JI KIH I= GH=>G HII E>H I > JG >GH, I>< I= IL HIGI J L >JHIG>JH

IIH, I= H I > IJG I I= HI GI.107 G I= JHIGN, GI>JHIGIH I= G KJH GJ> JGHI>< I=JI> GGIN. CHIIN M>JH JI I= GN I HJGI =>H HH > I=>G GGH, HLGI= I=I JG G >JHIGN I HI JH I H > I= LG.DH>I I=H IH H>G, = I>J, > HL=IJH>KN, I >GKIH I=I LJ HJG KI= I.108

#JHI> C=>


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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EDI#O!IAL AA!A#$"

= >I> I=AJI DG@GGJ =G >H I IMI G I= GHI JG EH=-H(16941738) >I> L > B>> DHG>I>H H>IH 13 5 JG I= =>< EH= E>I>H. = NIMI >H I= I=>G >I> 1694 (>I 3), L=>= >H I= IMIJHII I GGI LI>H >>I H KGN >GIN GI= GK>H>H JI H>I>I> G M>H> I= IMI. A G>H L>I= I= GNFG=-H =H H =H HI>H=

>II H>I K>I>. = IG > I= HJHJI G>I>H I= LG > FG=, I=J, MI= >I>H I=>H KJ.

A IGN I= G I I=AJILH J>H= >1713.

= >I>H IH FG(1711; 1721, GG>I >1738), >J>< I= GIGN IG> IG L H =

)G>>H + =>H= 1721;MIGI GGJ > KG>IH > 1726, 1768, 1775)=K I. = N I >G IL I= GHI H >I>H LH I= >JH> > I= IG KJ =IG 19, I= JI=G>IN I= HHN HIIH G>GII >GH G>. A JG GHH NJI G I=>H: I= HI >N >H I=I HLGI= = H I=IG >I> HJHJIN JI =>H L >I>. >HN 1 I I=I I= 1711 KGH> LH H I= 1574 %I>G>, L=GH I= M 1721 >I> GN GGLIG> G I= 1576 %I> >I> (H>N HH I= G> KGH>).

= G I FG, IG GG>I H HGI=I, = )G>>H + =>H I= N IMIH >

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, >GIN: G M, J>I= CG>I>, HLGI= N IGHI >GIHH J> >GIN GI=G I= H>N >GIN; HL=G,=GHH >J> H>> J>KGH HI GI=GI= J> HI ( FG., . 23435; 1721 >I>, . 44); GG G IGHI>< >GH >I GI=G I=GH> >I>H J> J> G J>KI> (GI=G I= HHN I= ) H MHHIGGN GH. %>L>H, I= KJGN >IN

GGHII>KH I= H=G I= GI> > I=.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

BIBLIOG!AHICAL DE"C!I#ION"

E/>:=, #:=, A/ E>=,16941789

E4= E/4>4=

1.A JI DG@, H >I LH > I= NG 1692. (%,1694). 52, 271, 1 . 8S; H HA JI DG@, H >ILH > I= NG DCC"". (%: G>I > I= NG 1694). 24,172 .; 12S. >< 2382A (D >I CII > EH= CKI>; I=>G C>I, I= )G>< I=JH %GH J >I; AH H >H L #JHI>I>. (%:G>I, H N #. +GIH I I= MG AGH > GL> %,1713). 2, 38 .; 8S.

5.A JI DG@: H >I LH > I= NG 1692. = JGI=>I>, GJN GK>H. (%: G>I G =. %>>, 1 432 .; 8S.

6.'K>J IJ >I>GI>J >>I=. (G, II> KNHI>< K H>M =JG I= HI JI=I> LG>IGH, >< L>I= @J>I, )JG=HH,&. > EH=; . . . L=>= >H GM >JH >IGJI>, . . .(G>N J>H= > IL KJH > >, N #= GG>H, . . .'L GJN GK>H, L>I= GI>H, . . . (%: G>I

G . LG, A. G, . B>GI, D. BGL, . % %>GGN %>GIN: A AJI DG, >I= FG CH>GI>H G I= GI>< AJIJG EN>< I= G

%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422


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174448). +J>I> 1705 LG N #= GG>H. J 2,. 5038, GGJH MIGIH G I=AJI.

7.A JI DG@, H >I LH > I= NG 1692 BN I= +>HJI HLGI=. = I= >I>.

(HI N +. G> CN, 1745). 4, MMK>>, 1,190 .; 8S.

7.A JI DG@, H >I LH > I= NG 1692. BN I= +>HJI HLGI=. = H>MI= >I>.(HI N +. G>, 1752). MMM>>, 2, 188 .; 12S.

8.FG->: G, JI I= >I G HII FG, HI I=G GIH EJG, G I= HH I=>G >GI>H.G>II G>N > %I> N . . . FG>H I, > I= NG

1574. (%: G>I G >. L>, 1711). 4, K>, 6, 10, K>,144 .; 8S.

9.FG->: G, JI I= >I G HII FG, HI I=G GIH EJG, G I= HH I=>G >GI>H.G>II G>N > %I> N . . . FG>H I, > I= NG1574. (%: G>I G ELG I>, 1721). = H>I>, L>I= >I>H, L G N I= IGHIG. 6,MMMK>, 6, 10, K>, 148, 6 .; 8S.

9.FG->: G, JI I= >I G HII FG, HI I=G GIH EJG, G I= HH I=>G >GI>H.G>II G>N > %I> N I= JH >K>> FG>H I,> I= NG 1574. A IGHI >I EH= N I= JI=G I=AJI DG@. = H >I>, L>I= >I>H, L G N I= IGHIG. (%: G>I G . %, 6, 148, 4, .; 8S.

10.= G>>H + => #= $G, = >GH HGI I>H #= $G, $GH, EH; )GI """ HI. L=>= >H , A CN I= "GI> M=>>I N I=

AIIGN-G HI I= F>GHI )GI I=H >GH.)J>H= N =>H MGHH >GI>. (%: G>I > I= G1726 1727), . 191217.

11.= G>>H G L=> > G I I=JH IH FG->, G>II N I= I %G->HJIHLGI=, >I """, AG> 1768, > #= A (.), = )>I>+HIG(1768), K. 2, . 28196.

12. EMIGIH G I=AJILG J>H= > = LG>HN; G, JG>JH I> KNIGH I>H. " L=>= I= IJGH


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422


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>IGI>H HKG K> >IGH IGHIGH G MJ

40/351

B I CIIH

E?4=1

1.EII GHI DG: G J K>I GI, & > II JG, K H GGJH IG]H JI>H, HJG HJ, & J>IJ I>I JJG=J> . .. IGJ>I H. (A %GH, C=O =H FJG, 1694). 32 .., 264 .; 14 . >< 2383A.

2.D GN IIH-+ BH=G>K> G 1692. ( +IIG: >IG

K G GI, 1694). >I= >I> I= GG HH>HI >IG +JH (16601702). 8S.

3.^>GH . HLGI=, K>^ HI^ G>I>J W JG DG, 1692. (N: C=O >G>JG, 1694). 2. ., 412 .; 16 . >< 2383A.

4.^>GH . HLGI=, K>^ HI^ G>I>J W JG DG, 1692. (N: C=O >G>JG, 1695).

5.UII J +NJ DG@, I J> ^I>I 1692, I.GJ>I AH HJ>KI IG>H>] ^>I> %GH.(AHIG: AG> BG, G= %>G>G H

BJGHHIGI, G^H D W %H> AHIG,1695). 303 .; 12S.

6.DZG@H +GJ< C=G>HI>> . . . / GHI>= > EH= JFGIOeH>H=, = Z>H=, J=G G L=G CJG>H>IZI J= > JHG IJIH= JIIG-G=, H=>=I- J IIH-%>= OJ HIhGHIOI. (Ce: BN >IG GIJ, 1695). 158 . 16 V 20 .+G>I 1720.

7.EMIG>I J >KG >I>IJ^: UII J GNJ DG@, IJ> ^I>I 1692 . . . GJ>I AH HJ>KI IG>H>]^>I> %GH. (AHIG: AG> BG, 1695). 62 .;8S. = BG>I>H= %>GGN N I=>H LG F.579 (5) >H J L>I= JG I=G FG= =IH G I= 1780H 1790H. "IMIGIH =IGH 7 8 I= G> (=IG 7, . 142;=IG 8, . 4362). = >I GGJ>< I= IMI LH IJGHG I= G I= C=JG= H H.DH>I IJI>, I= C=JG= = IJG I= DH >IHKH: II +^KJI> JI ^G^ G ^KJI =NG>I H

GIGH; G ]G KJGJIHI>I> H H.


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7.EMIG>I J >KG >I>IJ^ UII J GNJ DG@, IJ> Î>I 1692 . . . GJ>I H, HJ>KI IG>H>]>I> %GH. (A AHIG, =O AG> BG, 1695).62 .; IGHI> =IGH 7 8 I=AJI DG@, H>I LH > I= NG 1692. +J>H= > 1789, H G E.

N, FG= +KJI>GN )=IH(L G: L GJ> %>GGN, 1945).

8.EII J GNJ DG@, I J> Î>I 1692 J>KI IG>H>] ^>I> %GH. (AHIG, 1695). 6, 412, 24 .(. 12.) 1 IH; 8S.

9.>GH G. HLGI=: H HJH K>I ÎI JGNJ DG@, I J> Î>I 1692. DG>G ^>I>,J> IGH HH>G. (A G>H, C=O KJK

G CG>HN, 1697). 5, 412, 24 .; 1 . 436; 8S. "JH>M.

10.DZG@H +GJ< C=G>HI>> . . . / GHI>= > EH= JFGIOeH>H=, = Z>H=, J=G G L=G CJG>H>IZI J= > JHG IJIH= JIIG-G=, H=>=I- J IIH-%>= OJ HIhGHIOI. (Ce: BN >IG GIJ, 1697).

11.^>GH G. HLGI=: H HJH K>I ÎI J+NJ DG@. 'JK ^>I>, I. (G>H, 1705). 412 .;8S.

12.>GH G. HLGI=: H J K>I ÎI JGNJ DG@. 'JK ^>I>, J>IG]H HH>G. (A G>H, C=O KJK G CG>HN, 1705).4, 412, 24 .; 8S.

13.EII GHI J GNJ DG: G J K>I GI, & > II JG, K H GGJH IG]HJI>H,

HJG H J, & J>I J I>IJJG=J>. (A G>H, C=O KJK G CG>HN, 1714). 2 . .,412 ., 12 .; GI. 8S.

14.EII GHI J GNJ DG: G J K>I GI, & > II JG, K H GGJH IG]HJI>H,HJG H J,& J>I J I>IJJG=J>. (G>H: C=O KJK G CG>HN, 1715). 3 . .,412, 23 .; 8S.

15.UII GHI DG . . .: G. AH(AHIG:# BI>HI DHG=H GI=N, 1732).


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16.BGZIIH, =JGJH @J@I DG@ >G[ I G>IIL-G>@ >L>I > NG I ZGI>ILZ>@, [ G>@H $e= [G 1660. (I=:GHIGe G %>GGN %>GIN: A AJI DG, >I= FG CH>GI>H G I= GI>< AJIJG EN>< I= G

%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

#E'#$AL OLIC

= >II> =H I GJ >I> HLGI=H G>I> LG>I>H JGI NI H>N HH> I GGGH. = IMI =H G>O N > >G GHIH.C>I>OI> =H G>G>I >I>H. >I JHII =H IIN NJI: HI> I>IH, GJ>< =H, I=LGH, G> I> =K GI> N L=G JI G JI=G> >< G IGGN G>= LI >I H>M >I>HI=G J>H=JG>< HLGI=H >" =K I I= I=>G GGI >I>

H I= N IMI. = 1738 >I> (L N =H >H) LHH I, H GGI>H JIJI> H>IN I G I=>H >I> (HI N I=GI H> L>I= J HI).


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422


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B I CIIH

I>4=

" I= G> G>I >I>H I=AJI FG,>I>H LG JH G GG H, G>H G=GHH G I=G LGH LG HI>H K > >I>H:I= GHI >I> H I=>H GI> > KG JH> GH L=G HH> G >II>H. "I>H G GGH H =K GHGK L=G H>I.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

"4 A/ F>>=

=>H >I> =H GHGK I= >GG< I=I GG H H,MI L=G I=G G G >HIH ( I=H =K H>IN GGI). > HIN =K GI>: GM, =JH, I, H=L, J>@( I=G @>>GN, LGH L>I= IGI >,JI I=H > GG=K H>IN GG.

I=G H>I JHIIH I H>< INH H: G M, HJG GIH I I= >JH> IIH LGH I > I= G>. %I> =GHH =K

GGJ H > I= G> (H >I>>O).

" I=>H >I> FG >HIH CK> =K G L>I= I= G G CI>, CGK> L>I= CG>.

HH HII I=GL>H, IGHI>H G N I= >IG.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

LI"# OF "O$!CE"

=G HH>, HJGH JH N HLGI= > I=AJI DG@=K >I> > GG>I IIH. "HLGI=H >I> IH FG, = I>JJHNGGJ, I= > N I= IMI, GGH GI= G> >I>H I=I = = HJI (I= 1576 %I> FG= KGH>H GI=G I= I= 1574 >I>). = GHI >I>=H GHGK I=>H HI I= IGHI>. AH >HN HI>H= > I=>G G %I> EH= >I>, I>I> =>H >II>H N >I>H (I=JH, HI>H >< H G GI>NJHI). = G CG>KGH>IN GHH >I> HJ>H

G>H I> > HH> >I>H G I=H G> HJGH.+GH L= L>H= I MG I= GJ>I> I N > I= LGH=J HJI I= 1972 GIJH.

=>H %>GIN FJ >I> >JH IIH I >I>N HJGHL=G >I=G I G HLGI= > I K >>GG. " HJGH L> KJI=G, I>I, , =IG G G HIG HIN. AJ G>H GG < >HN H >I>. A HI JI HJGH K> I

I HLGI= =H >J > A>M 1 G GHH-GG I K> H>MII=- HKII=-IJGN G>I>I>H. BJH I= HI N JH >I>H G GGJGHH G I= KJH G I= % CHH> %>GGN, >II>I I=H KJH L> H>N % I= GG>I JH, CHG25 (% 1:32) >H %H JI>JH,

K. 1, . 32. FJ GGH I >I HH> HJGH G >HI >I= HI> % CHH> %>GGN > A>M 1.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

F$!#HE! !EADING

B, >> GN. =H >H %>H ": A =>H B@H. GH %IJGH > B>>KGH>IN GHH, 1990.BGL, >=. FG>H JI=H I= HLGI=CI>. E>H X =JIfG14 (1999): 6276.C=>, #JHI>. +J> %G>H>H C=G>HI> CJIJG, 16961722. =HIG:=HIG >KGH>IN GHH, 2003.. E>I> I= >I>H +>< >

#= H C>G. >HIG> #JG49 (2006): 11141.

E>H, G A. HIGN, AG>HIGI>+I> > EGN 18I= CIJGN FG: = CH G> BJ>K>>GH.#JG G >HIGN58 (1986):41451.. BJ>K>>GH I= FG= G=N: AG>HIGI>)>I>H > EGNE>HIGN E>I> =JI NG > +GI G, 4078. = CG>HIGN >I> =JH. CG>KGH>IN GHH, 2006.NI, D. . = GH >I> CIMIH +GIHLGI=HAJI DG@.; " 'GI=G AI>J>I>H

'I> "I>I>H: )GI>H DG@ I='GI= > I= E>I N $. HH . GHI, 4167 (IMI) 31116 (IH).C=H= AN >H %IIGH, 2008.I, FG\>H. FG. E>I N += E. >HN.GHI N #. . . . CG>KGH>IN GHH, 1972.$N, D +. FG\>H I: A +KJI>GNH(G. G>I: G>I >KGH>IN GHH, 1973.$N, #. . +KJI> )G>>H: = )>I>H )GIN,16891720. CG>KGH>IN GHH, 1977.


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

A IJN EH= >HIG> =J I= KII=CIJGN. CG>KGH>IN GHH, 1957.+>HHJ 1987.. >GIJ, CG >HIGN: EHHNH )>I>=JHIGN,C=>N > I= E>KGH>IN GHH, 1985., #. . A., . = G>I>H BG>I>H= )>I> =JI= I= HH>HI G #. ==I %>H . =LGG. CG>KGH>IN GHH,1993.+>H, CG>. %>GGN %>GIN: AHH G

GKG CH %>H ". GKG%>GGN BJI>5 (1951): 523, 18196.. = E>H> I= GH>HH>, DKI C>GJHI EH= %>G =J C=GH ""I> I= G L>I= I= =>GI C>H. CG>KGH>IN GHH, 1959. +G>I,">>H: %>GIN FJ, 2004.. = IGJJH =>H %>H". >> GN *JGIGN7 (1950): 40653.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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. =H BG >H, 17191804, EH= A>GG FG> "I>I #= AH. )G> )=>H=> >IN97 (1953): 23947.+J=, #J>. +KJI> N D< )>I> =J I= %I KII= CIJGN.

BH>JH GH > EH=)>I> =J>H: +J>G>I>< I= EH= +KJI>. CG>KGH>IN GHH, 2004.ILGI, . A. #= >I= I= HLGI= C>G.E>H X =JIfG2 (1987):89102.G, B>G. +J>>H I= +HIGI>,

16601683. " +J>>H, %>GIN, CG>>IN, 16491776, >I N DK> II, 13993.IG: IG >KGH>IN GHH, 1994.. = +KJI> 16881689 I= EH=+J> G>I>. " = AJH +KJI> "IH G "I, >I N

#I= "HG, 24177. CG>KGH>INGHH, 1991.. +J= +JII>H: = EH= C>K> G I= )HH>H )HIG>IN. %: , 2002.

. =>< >HIGN JG>I >I>H: = >GH EJ %JL +K>H>I. >HIG> +HG=75 (2002):20937.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422

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B I CIIH

ACKNO&LEDGMEN#"

" KGN NI, B>G G, DK>GHN G I=>G >GI = K> > I= GGI> I=>H >I>, I= G >I>< ILG >IH " GI>N LJ=K >HH G I. " HMI>N I> E>KGH>IN GHH, 2010), L=>= MGH > J= G I> I=GG >J I= EH= LI= IG>I>. IG>ENGH G L>H K> >H N GI>H. N >, HI L>I= H I= "I> %I> HJGH. NBJ HH>HI L>I= GH> N > I= GGI> I= HJGIMIH >>H.


%% K7.0 (GINJ.GI/2422


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B I CIIH

A A:?> O D0

52/351

B I CIIH

#HE !EFACE

I= %>GIN G L>I=JI >HJI I= >H N> I=I HHH >IG > G, L> H K> I=GJH LI I= > "JH I=I JHI, =L J= >HGN = JGH, > G>H I=H L=

L > =>H I>K CJIGN, H = I=I LH N EMG> I=IGJ H=>< >HH, G I= HH =>H %>GIN, L>GHIN I =K G>= GGN =HG I=JH I>.

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