Memoriu Tehnic Proiect Organe de Masini 1

8/16/2019 Memoriu Tehnic Proiect Organe de Masini 1

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UNIVERSITATEA TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV

DepartamentulAutovehicule i Transporturiș Disciplina Organe de Maşini

PROIET DE AN LA DISIPLINAOr!ane "e #a$ini I

Autor% Stu"ent Popa Ionut

Pro!ramul "e stu"ii% Autovehicole Rutiere

&rupa

oor"onatori% Pro'( univ( "r( in!( &heor!he #O&AN

Dr( in!( Silviu POPA

)*+,

5


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uprinsINTRODUCERE........................................................................................................................8

MEMORIUL TEHNIC...............................................................................................................9

1TEMATICA ŞI SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ.............................................81.1TEMATICA ŞI SPECIFICAŢII DE PROIECTARE.............................................................8

1.2 SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ...............................................................9

2PROIECTAREA ELEMENTELOR ŞI LEGĂTURILOR.....................................................11

2.1 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI 1 (CÂRLIGUL DE REMORCARE.....................11

2.2 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI ! (TIRANTUL SUPERIOR................................1!

2."PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 1-! (ASAM#LARE FILETATĂ..................................1$

2.!PROIECTAREA ELEMENTELOR 5 ŞI % (COLOANA SUPERIOARĂ ŞI CORP

COLOANĂ SUPERIOARĂ................................................................................................222.!.1PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI 5.......................................................................22

2.!.2 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI %.....................................................................2$

2.5PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII !-5 (&M#INARE SUDATĂ..........................................29

2.%PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURILOR 5-%...........................................................................""

2.%.1PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 5-%' ASAM#LARE................................................""

2.%.2 PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 5-%' ASAM#LARE PRIN #OLŢ.........................."9

2.$PROIECTAREA ELEMENTELOR $ ŞI 8 (TIRANT INFERIOR ŞI CORP TIRANT

INFERIOR...........................................................................................................................!"2.8P)*+,+ /+0** %-$ (34*6+ 7......................................................................!$

2.9P)*+,+ /+0*/) $-8................................................................................................52

2.9.1 P)*+,+ /+0** $-8' +:-+: ;...........................................................52

2.9.2 P)*+,+ /+0** %-$' 74/+ ;*6 )/..........................................................5%

2.112? ( ,+6/ =* ,)/)6 7@60>+;.............%<

2.11P)*+,+ /+0*/) 8-9 =* 112?' +:-+: ;.............................................$5

2.1".2 P)*+,+ /+0** 11-12>12?' 74/+ ;*6 )/..............................................8<

2.1!P)*+,+ +/+4+6/* 1">1"? (*6 7@60>+;..................................................8!

2.15P)*+,+ /+0** 12-1">12?-1"? (34*6+ 7...................................................9<

2.1%P)*+,+ +/+4+6/* ">"? (7;) 7@60>+;.....................................................9!

2.1$P)*+,+ /+0** 1"-">1"?-"? (74/+ ;*6 =*..........................................98

#I#LIOGRAFIE.....................................................................................................................1


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INTRODUCERE

S,);/ ;)*+,/* + 6 / *7,*;/*6 Organe de maşini +7+ 7 +:)/+ */**/+ ;,*,+ /+ 7+6*/) + ;)*+,+ =* 7*6+*+ ,6)=*6+/) + 4+,6*,' +*7+64+*/+/)' +B6)/)0* 4+*/+/) =* +;++6+ 0*, 36 +,7/ 6*/) I =* II' ;+,4=* 4)/ 36 ,+ ,+=* ;) +)/: 36 4) *6+;+6+6 ) /,+ + ;)*+,+' ;+

/0)*4*/)' 4+)+/) 7;+,**,+ =* ;)04+/) *6 )4+6*.C+ +7+ 6 ,@/*0 + +4),+ *+ ,*6+: ,@ + )/)7*)+ +7+ ,B+7* * 4*, *6Ș7;+/+ 4 *6* L ,+ + 6 6 ,@/*0 + +4),+ D) 7 *+ ,)/) D) ;+6 +ș

;)+ / 4*,*/+ 4;)6* 36 7;+ C@/*0/ + +4),+ +7+ 6 ;+6 ;*6+ /) 7* *+7* / ) ;/*4+ , 4*/*' + + , + 47+ + 6**' ;+6 +: *6 B)7/ț) /*' + + , + 6 ,)6,+* *6 ,+6/ 4*/*+* 0**/+ 7+:*,*/*. T)7* 6ș/, @ + 4*, * * ;)+ ,+ + +6**,**' ) ,+ + *4;)6 +7+ 7 ** * 7+4 , 7*ț6 /, 4*, + ;)+ @ + 4/.

A,4 7 +,+4 / /,* 4* +B6*,+' :)* ,)6*6 7 : 7;6 7;+,+/+ ;,*,+ /+,@/*0/* + +4),+.C/*0/ + +4),+ +7+ ) ;*+7 47*6** )+ ;,*, 6 64*

;+6 +4),+ 6+* +4),* ,* 7* ;+6 ,+ /) ):+B*,/+ , * ,* 7*

;+6 ;)+,* 47*6**.D+)+,+ / ) ,/ ):+B*,/+/+ 76 )/)7*+ ;+6 67;)/ ;+7)6+/) 7 4*/)' /+0++ 6* *7;)**: ,+ /+0 ):+B*,// + 4/**6++ ;*6+* /+ +4),*/) +;++6 ) 4+ ;)/+4. P6 ,4 A ,@/*0/ +ș+4),+ ;+*6 ) ;*/*+ )+ 4+' :@6 +0/+ + /*4+ ;+6 ;*6++ +/)6+)6+' +0// ;+ 36/*4+ ,+ +;+*6 6 :6 / 4 *6*/+ , 0 / 7)/ 4*,' ,@ș* ;)7**/*+ + *6+7,B*4*/*+ */+* + ;*6++.ș

D+)+,+ +77+/+ ;/6++* 6+ ,)67@60 7 *4 4/ 4* +6* , 4)/ *6 ,+)/)7*4 ++:+/+ ,+ 6+- 4* 47. S+ :) )/)7* ) 4+*/+ +,*,/*/+ *6 *,+,+7* ,@/*0 + +4),+ *6 7;+6 , :)4 4* /*4* *70+*/+ ;+ ,+ /+ ,+4 T++*ț* *4;/*,*' 6). T)) 76+4 7* *6 ,)6)4*+ , 6)*/+ 76+ *6+6 *)6/+ +ș ț

7*06 7* ;)*+,+.

A)'P); I)6

$


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MEMORIU TEHNIC

8


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1 TEMATICA ŞI SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ

1.1 TEMATICA ŞI SPECIFICAŢII DE PROIECTARET+4 + ;)*+,+ 6* ;)7 +7+ /67 + ,+ 6 +6+*,* =* +;+*6 )

36=**+ + +' ,+*6+ =* ,)6*** +B6*,+ ,+ ,)67**+ ,,+*7*,*/+ =* ;+)46+/+*4;7+ :**)/* ;)7.

&6 ,/ ;)*+,/* + 6 6. 1 +4 + ;)*+,+' ;)6*6 + / 6+,+7*+ 6) *7;)**:+ + +4),+ ) 4)/+ ;*/+ ;+6 *:+7+ 7*** ;,*,+ ;+7;6+,)6,+;* =* *4+67*)6+ 6* *7;)**: + +4),+ , 6,* 0/)/ + /+0+ =*,+ 4*6*+4),*/) =* /)+/) + ):+B*,/+/++ ,;,*+ 4*, (*0. 1.1.

D+:)/+ ,+7* ;)7 +7+ ,+ + *6+*7+6 6) ;)7+ 7*4*/+ ,+' ;++-) ;+' 7 ;) * )/)7*+ ;+6 4* 4/+ *;* + ):+B*,/+' +4),* =* /)+ =* ;+

+ / ;+' 7 *6,/ ,)4;)6+6+ *;*+ (=*' )/* =*+ +*7+6+/ ;+* +7+=* ;+)46+ **,+. A7+/' 7+ ;+,)6*+ , 6)/ ;)7 ++, 36 7+** 4* +

;),*+ ;)+ * ,)4;+**: =* *6 ;6, + :+++ +,)6)4*,.D*7;)**:/ + +4),+ , 7*7+4 4+,6*, +4)6*/' 4*=,* +/*:+ 36+

+/+4+6+' + , ;4+** + *6+' )+/+ + *6+,*6+ *6 ,/ ,;/+* 7+*,+ ++4),+' =* , ;4+** + *+=*+' )+/+ =* 4)4+6+/+ *6 74/*/+ *7;)**:/* ,/)6+)6+/+ =7*/*.

P+ /@60 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) + / *6+ I / *+=*+ E(*0.1.1 4+*/* + ,+/+ ) 74/* , /)6+)6+/+ =7*/* ):+B*,//*' ;+6 6)/

;)7 7+ 4+=+ =* 36+;/*6*+ 4)+/) 6,** */*+ +7;+,+ ;+:++*/) +*6+7,B*4*/*+ ,++ + 76+/+ *6 )4+6* +7;+,+ ,)6***/) + ;)+,*+ )4/* =* 4+*/* *4*6+ *70+*/) ,+ ;+ ;+ / ,)/**6*.

9


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P+6 ;)*+,+ + 674/ *7;)**:/* + +4),+ (*0. 1.27+ *4;6+ ;+7)6/*+ listei de specificaţii, 4)+/+cerinţe principale

a F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ ' FK ' F N.b T*;/ 7,*6** 7*, 7 :**/.c R+7*,** *46+7*)6/+ 1


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1.2 SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ

D*6 ;6, + :+++ ,)67,*:' *7;)**:/ + +4),+ )4+ 6 674/,)4;7 *6 7674/+ =* +/+4+6+ ,)67,*:+' *+6**,*/+ , =*6 36 7,B+47,/-,)67,*: *6 *0. 1.".A674// 7),* *6+,*)6+ , +4), ;*6*6+4+*/ 6+* ,;/+ 7+*,+ ;*6 +/+4+6/ 1 (*0. 1.! =* , /)6+)6+/+ =7*/*):+B*,//* ;*6 74/* , =* , +/+4+6/ ".

S674/+/+ 76 7,* *6+;+6+6+' ,+ 7+ +:*+6* ;*6-6 0; ,)4;,,)4;7' 36 ,)6*0*+ 4*6*4/' *6 ,+/ ;*6 ) +/+4+6+ ,)67,*:+ 7 *6 /+7674/+ =* +/+4+6+ ,)67,*:+' 36 *6+,*6+ ;+46+6' )4+ *6@6-7+ ,)6' ,

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

&6 . 1.2 7+ +:*+6* 7674/+/+ =* +/+4+6+/+ *7;)**:/* + +4),+

;+,*@6-7+ *;/' +64*+ =* 7,;*)// 36 ,+ 7+ : ;)*+,+ ,+7). &6 .

1<

Fig. 1.2– Parametrii fizici şi geometrici impuşi


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1." &6 . 1." 7+ +:*+6* /+0*/+ 6++4)6*/+ (34*6* 7+ =* +4)6*/+(74/* */++' ;*6 )/' ;*6 =* ,+ 4+ 7 *+ ;)*+,+ *6 ,)6*6+.

2 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTELOR ŞI LEGĂTURILOR

11

a

b

cFig. 1.3– Structura constructivă a dispozitivului de remorcare: a – integrată; b–

explodată; c– schema bloc


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2.1PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI 1 (CÂRLIGUL DEREMORCARE

I( Date "e proiectare

S 7+ ;)*+,++ ,@/*0/ + +4),+' ;)** 1 *6 *0. 2.1.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ +674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK =* F + / ) ,;/ + +4),+' ;)** 2' / +/+4+6/ ! *6,)4;)6+6 *7;)**:/* + +4),+.a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


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Fig. 2.1.2 Parametrii geometriciFig. 2.1.3 'odelul de calcul funcţionali şi constructivi

III(A"optarea 'ormei constructiveCaracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructiveP+6 7*0+ ,+/) +* 4*=,* +/*:+ + )*+ / 60B** + )*+ + "


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"elaţii de calcul :- +)* 36 7+,*6+ ,**, N F $5< N (+) */ M3 F / (+) + 36,):)*++- ,)6* * + +*7+6 / ,*6+ =* 36,):)*++ 36 7+,*6+ ,**, A-# (36 ;6,/ # ,+/+) +67*6* ,+/=* 7+67'

- *4+67*)6+' *6 +/* (PRC-A.1.1.1.1.!.1 7+ ++4*6 /60*4+'

""'5$44 7+ ); / !< 44.

36 ,+' 7- ,)67*+' D2144' Z 1


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2.2 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI ! (TIRANTUL SUPERIOR


S 7+ ;)*+,++ *6/ 7;+*)' ;)** ! *6 *0. 2.2.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ +674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK =* F + / ,@/*0/ + +4),+ +; , 7+' ;)** 2' /7;)/ 5 , /+ 36 ,)67*++ 4)+/) specificaţii impuse:

a )+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25< N' F $5< N' ,*)6+ / *76 L1 5<44 7+ ,/,/+ 4)4+6+/+ 36 ,+6/ 0** + +,++ MJ! FK L1 155$5 N44'MK! FJ L1 11$925N44

- *;/ 7,*6** 7*,

c +7*,** *4+67*)6/+ D1 1% 44 2 $< 44 L2 9< 44

" ,)6*** + 6,*)6+ +4;+' T - "


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&6 :+++ ,+=+** +*,*+6+* +,)6)4*,+ 7+ ); 7+4**, + *; )+/ / (;/6, *4+67*6*/+ =* B 76 =* >B X ! (*0. 2.2.2.

IV( Schema "e calcul. "imensionare $i veri'icareP+6 *4+67*)6+ 7+ ); 4)+// *6*0. 2.2." , 4)+/+ *;)++ + ,/,/

- 4)+// + ,/,/ +7+ ) +; 36,7' , 7+,*6+ +;60B*/ Y7)/*,* /,*6+ + ) FJ / 36,):)*++ )/*, + 7,*6*/+ F' FK =* MK! / )7*6+ +4)4+6/ MJ! / )+,+ + )+/+ F =* FK

- +/+4+6+/+ ! =* 5 76 74/+ ;*6 7+ =* ;+6 ,/,/ + *4+67*)6+ *6/*! 7+ ,)67*+ , ,+7 +7+ 36,7 36 ,+6/ ,))6/* + 7 =* 7+,*6+ ,**,'A-A +7+ +;60B*/ , *4+67*6*/+ =* B

- +)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7+ +,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36 ,)67*++7)/*,*+ ;*6,*;/ + 36,):)*++ + ) F =* 4)4+6/ MK! ; ++4*6+*4+67*6*/) ;*6 +)/:+ 4)+//* 7*4;/**, 7+ : ,+ :+**,+ , 4)// ,

;,B+/ MDESIGN (+; VI.

D*6 ,)6** + +*7+6 / 7)/*,*+ + 36,):)*++ 36 ;/6/ J 7+ ++4*6 0)7*4+B , +/* M)06' 2


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V( Proiectarea 'ormei tehnolo!iceŢ*6@6 ,)6 + ;4+** 0+)4+*,* +*6** 36 *0. 2.2.2 =* + +/+/+ )*6+ /

;)*+,+ 74/** , */+ 1-! =* 34*6** 7+' 7+ ); R "5 44' D 1 1% 44' L2

' 125 P+/,+ +/+4+6/* ! ;+7;6+ ++ ;)*6* + ,; =* 0*+,/*+ 7;++/) ;+/,+ R 12'5 \4.

VI( Veri'icarea mo"elului cu pachetul per'ormant #DESI&N

D*6 6/* +/+/) )*6+ 36 4 6/*+* , MDESIGN 7,** +/+4+6/* ;)*+, (6+ 2.1 7+ )7+: , 36 7+,*6+ *6 36,7+ +67*6*/+ 60+6*/+ 764*4+. T+67*6+ 4*4 + )+,+ 0+6+ + ) F 36 ;6,+/+ P% =* P2 (*0.2.2.!' + :/)+ 1'89 MP =* 7+ 6+0/*+ ;+6 ,/,// +67*6** +,B*:/+6+.

T+67*6+ 4*4 6)4/ 0+6+ + ) FJ =* 4)4+6+/+ MK = M 36 ;6,/ P1 (*0.2.2.!'',' 2.2.! + :/)+ "$'$! MP =* +7+ 4* 4*, +,@ +67*6+ 4*7**/ ,+ +:/)+ %5 MP.

1$

Fig. 2.2.2 – Parametri geometrici Fig. 2.2.3 – 'odelul de calcul


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a b

c d Fig. 2.2.#– 5istribuţii ale tensiunilor secţionale din 3ncastrare: a – de forfecare

generate de forţa 6 ; b– normale generate de 7 ; c– normale generate de momentul ' 8 ; d – normale generate de momentul ' 6

Maximum value of the normal stressSalientpoint

Tension-pressure-

stress

zd N/mm²

Bending stress inconsequence

of Mymax

(M max)

max N/mm²


of Mzmax

(Mζmax)

ζmax N/mm²

Cominedcharacteristic

of normalstress res

N/mm²

P1 1.89 33.92 1.93 37.74 P2 1.89 0.00 1.93 3.82 P3 1.89 -33,92 1.93 -30.10 P3* 1.89 -33.92 1.93 -30.10 P4 1.89 -33.92 0.00 -32.03 P5* 1.89 -33.92 -1.93 -33.96 P5 1.89 -33.92 -1.93 -33.96 P6 1.89 0.00 -1.93 -0.03

P7 1.89 33.92 -1.93 33.89 P7* 1.89 33.92 -1.93 33.89 P8 1.89 33.92 0.00 35.82 P1* 1.89 33.92 1.93 37.72

18


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2." PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 1-! (ASAM#LAREFILETATĂ

I( Date "e Proiectare

S 7+ ;)*+,++ 74/+ , = 4)6 , ), *6+ ,@/*0/ + +4),+ , 7++;' ;)** 1 *6 *0. 2.".1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ ;*6 +,+ )+/) FJ' FK =* F / 7;)/ ;)** !. $pecificaţii i!puse %

a F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


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III(A"optarea 'ormei constructive

Fig. 2.3.2 Parametrii geometrici ai asamblării

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive:- 74/+ ;+7;6+ 4)6/ ;)*6** */++ , ), =* 4+6*6++ ,+7* ;+

6,*)6**- ;+6 7*0+ 7@60+** 74/** 7+ */*+ ) =* ;/ , *4+/ ++*)

4* 4+ , *4+/ 0/+/*' 2

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali :

- *4+/ 6)4*6/ / */+/*' ' *6 ,)6*** + *6+7,B*4*/*+ =* 76*+ 7+); */+ 4+*,- *4+/ 0** + +,++' D1' 7+ ); *6 76+

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive:- 74/+ ;+7;6+ 4)6/ ;)*6** */++ , ), =* 4+6*6++ ,+7* ;+

6,*)6**- ;+6 7*0+ 7@60+** 74/** 7+ */*+ ) =* ;/ , *4+/ ++*)

4* 4+ , *4+/ 0/+/*' 2

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali :

- *4+/ 6)4*6/ / */+/*' ' *6 ,)6*** + *6+7,B*4*/*+ =* 76*+ 7+); */+ 4+*,- *4+/ 0** + +,++' D1' 7+ ); *6 76+

2


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IV( Schema "e calcul. "imensionare $i veri'icare

(pote)e de calcul :

- 4)+// + ,/,/ =/* +7+ ) +; 36,7 36 ,);/ ,@/*0/* ++4),+' , 7+,*6+ ,*,/ ,)676 + *4+ 1 (*4+/ *6+*) / */+/*'7)/*,* / ,*6+ + ) */' F=!

- 7+ 6+0/*+ 4)4+6/ + )7*6+ ,+ ;+ / 7@60++ 74/** =*' +,*' =*+67*6*/+ + )+,+ 0+6++ + +)*/+ *+)+ 7),*+

- ) ++*)' F' ,+ 36 *4;/ 6,*)6** ;)+ ,*)6 36 4+/+ 7+67* 7+,)67*+' ;+6 ,+7 ,/,/' , ,*)6+ 36 7+67/ ;)**: / +* 7**+ ,+ ,)6,+/ 7)/*,*+ 7;/*4+6 74/** , =.

Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+ F 2%$" N Y ) 67:+7/ =* F $5< N Y ) */' ;/*,+7*,

- +7;+ 74/+ * 1' 6 1' \


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Fig.2.3.3 'odelul de calcul a asamblării

"elaţii de calcul :

- ) */ *6 = *6 ,)6** + 674*++ )+* F ;*6 +,+ (F F ' ) ++,+'

$%5< N

- ) */ )/ *6 = (;+6 ,/ 36 ,+ F ,*)6+ 367;+ 36 77'

81


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2

7+ ++4*6 *4+/ *6+*) / */+/*'

1


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Fig. 2.3.# Parametrii de reprezentare pe desen

C)+/+ ;*:*6 /60*4*/+ 7- ++4*6 *6@6 ,)6 + 0)7*4+ ;*/*+* 4 1144 '=* ;/' =* G)[+ =* +/+4+6/* !.

P+6 7+ ,*/* )*6++ ;+;+6*,/*** 7;++* )6/+ ;+ ;*+7+* 7+); + ,)+ R


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I( Date "e Proiectare

S 7+ ;)*+,++ ,)/)6 7;+*)' ;)** 5 *6 *0. 2.!.1, 6,* ;*6,*;/ +674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK =* F + / *6/ ! / 7;)/ % *6 ,)4;)6+67674//* 7 S1 / *7;)**:/* + +4),+.

$pecificaţii i!puse

a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


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Fig. 2.#.1.2 Parametri geometrici funcţionali şi constructivi

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive- 7+ : );' *6 ,)67*++6+ + 0++ 4*6*4' 7+4**, *6 +: ;- 7+ : 4* , *4+67*6+ +:** ;+ 7 ;+4* ;/*,+ ,))6/* + ,)/ /

7+ , +/+4+6/ ! doptarea para!etrilor geo!etrici funcţionali şi constructivi :

- 7+ ); *6 ,)67*++6+ + 0++ +7 7+4**, *6 +: ;- /60*4+ L"′ L" Y B 2"< 44


2%


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(pote)e de calcul şi solicit,ri :

- T674*++ 7,*6*/) + / +/+4+6/ 5 / +/+4+6/ % 7+ +/*+ ;*6 ,)6, *+,=* ;+6 ,/,// + *4+67*)6+ 7+ ,)67*+ , ,+7 +7+ 36,7 36 ,+6/ ,);/*

%

- M)+// + ,/,/ 7),* ,)/)6+* 5 7+ ,)67*+ , **6 ) +; , 7+,*6+ ; , / B5 =* 0)7*4+ 5 36,7' 7)/*,* / ,)4;+7*6+ + ) F /36,):)*++ )/*, + 7,*6*/+ FJ' FK' MJ5 =* MK5 / )7*6+ + 4)4+6/ M5 =* /)+,+ + )+/+ FJ' FK.

- S+ 6+0/*+ ++,+/+ 0*/) + *+ */ 36 ,);/ % , )/.

- D+)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7+ +,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36 ,)67*++7)/*,*+ ;*6,*;/ + 36,):)*++ + ) FJ =* 4)4+6/ MK5

- ; ++4*6+ *4+67*6*/) ;*6 +)/:+ 4)+//* 7*4;/**, =* ,/,///+0** + *; +:-+: 7+ : ,+ :+**,+ , ;,B+/ MDESIGN , /+ 36,)67*++ ,+/) ) +:* 5' % (, )4@6 6 /),' 7**+ ,+ ,)+7;6+ 4* *6+

, 7** +/

2$


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Fig. 2.#.1.3Schema de calcul şi diagramele de eforturi

Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ )4+ =* *4+67*6* +: ; , B5 ^ 5< 44L"′ 2"< 44- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


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- *4+67*)6+' *6 /*4 ;+ +/*+* ' *6@6 ,)6 ,' / ;+6 +:*/+ ;+76' >B


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R0)*+ + ;+/,+ R %'" \4

2.!.2 PROIECTAREA ELEMENTULUI %


"


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S 7+ ;)*+,++ /+0 (74/+ ) +:* ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ 5 =* % *6*0. 2.!.2.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++;*6 )4 7,*6*/) FJ' FK' F' MJ%' MK%'M%.Speci'ica/ii impuse

a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


29/115

- ;+6 7*0+ 6,*)6** 7+ *4;6+ +/*+ ,)6,/* ,)6)4 (;+ 7;+4* *6+ +:*/+ 5 =* % ,+ 7+ +/*+ ;*6 4)6/ , ), / ,+7).

doptarea para!etrilor geo!etrici funcţionali şi constructivi :

- +: ; *6+*)' *4+67*)6 36 7,;. 2.!.1' + *4+67*6*/+ B5 !< 44' 5 ! 44

- ;+6 7*0+ ,)6,/* ,)6)4 *6+ +:*/+ ;+ *6+*) =* ++*) 7+); *4+67*6*/+ +:** ++*)+ ' B% %< 44 =* 0)7*4+ % 5 44.

Fig. 2.#.2.2 Parametrii geometrici ai asamblării

"2


30/115

2.".5 PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII !-5 (&M#INARESUDATĂ


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 34*6+ 7 *6/*' !' , ,)/)6 5 *6 *0. 2.5.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK' F' MJ5' MK5' M5.Speci'ica/ii impuse

a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


31/115

II( Ale!erea materialului. tratamentelor termice $i tehnolo!iei

E/+4+6+/+ ! =* 5 )4+ 6 7674/ 7 =*' +,*' ;+6 ,+7+ 7- /+7 4+*/7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


32/115

Fig. 2.-.3 Schema de calcul


- C)6** + +*7+6 / )+,+ 7**'T+67*6*/+ + )+,+ )+ )+/) FJ =* FK'

2

- D*4+67*)6+ 7D*6 +/*' 7+ )*6+ 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7'


33/115

VI(Veri'icarea mo"elului cu pachetul per'ormant #DESI&N

N)4/ 7+77+7 ,7+ Q +6*60 4)4+6 MQ N)4/ 7+77+7 ,7+ Q +6*60 4)4+6 M

SB+ 7+77+7 ,7+ Q )7*)6/ 4)4+6 T

static dynamic proof proof

Resultant normal stress σres = 22.202 - N/mm²

Resultant sear stress τres = 1.920 - N/mm²

!llo"a#le normal stress σ$ul = 160.000 - N/mm²

!llo"a#le sear stress τ$ul = 112.000 - N/mm²

Material data%ater&al 'es&(nat&on )235R+2lt&mate stren(t Rm = 360.000 N/mm²

&el'&n( o&nt Re = 240.000 N/mm²

!ote"

)tat& roo 1.955e-2 12.% PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURILOR 5-%"%


34/115

2.%.1 PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 5-%' ASAM#LAREŢEAVĂ-ŢEAVĂ PĂTRATĂ


S 7+ ;)*+,++ /+0 (74/+ ) +:* ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ 5 =* % *6*0. 2.%.1.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++;*6 )4 7,*6*/) FJ' FK' F' MJ%' MK%'M%.Speci'ica/ii impusea. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


35/115


Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive

- ;+6 7*0+ 6,*)6** 7+ *4;6+ +/*+ ,)6,/* ,)6)4 (;+ 7;+

4* *6+ +:*/+ 5 =* % ,+ 7+ +/*+ ;*6 4)6/ , ), / ,+7).


- +: ; *6+*)' *4+67*)6 36 7,;. 2.!.1' + *4+67*6*/+ B5 5< 44' 5 5 44

- ;+6 7*0+ ,)6,/* ,)6)4 *6+ +:*/+ ;+ *6+*) =* ++*) 7+); *4+67*6*/+ +:** ++*)+ ' B% %< 44 =* 0)7*4+ % 5 44.

Fig. 2..1.1 Parametrii geometrici ai asamblării

"8


36/115


Fig.2..1.3Schema şi modelul de calcul a asamblării: a & schema 3ncărcării; b & distribuţiile presiunilor generate de sarcinile 7 şi ' 81 ; c & distribuţiile presiunilor generate de sarcinile

8 şi ' 71 ;d & distribuţiile presiunilor generate de momentul de răsucire ' 61

(pote)e de calcul şi solicit,ri (*0.2.!.2.2:- 674*++ )+/) FJ' FK =* 4)4+6+/) MJ% =* MK% + / +: 5 / +: % 7+ ,+ ;*6

,)6,/ *+, *6+ ,+/+ ) +:* 4)6+ , ), (*7**+ /*6* ;+7*6*/) +,)6, ; 7;++/+ +;60B*/+ I' II' III =* IV

- 674*++ )+* F + / +: 5 / +: % 7+ ,+ ;*6-6 )/ 4)6 , ), 36 +: 5=* , 7@60++ 4*, 36 +: %

- F)+/+ FJ =* FK 0+6++ ;+ 7;++/+ + ,)6, I =*' +7;+,*:' II ;+7*6* + 7*:*+(;FJ' ;FJ *7**+ 6*)4

"9


37/115

- 4)4+6+/+ MJ% =* MK% 0+6++ ;+ 7;++/+ + ,)6, I' III =*' +7;+,*:' II' IV ;+7*6* + 7*:*+ *7**+ /*6* , 4*4+/+ ;4MJ =*' +7;+,*:' ;4MK

- 4)4+6/ M% 0+6++ ;+ 7;++/+ + ,)6, I' II' III =* IV ;+7*6* + 7*:*+*7**+ /*6* , 4*4/ ;4M

- ;+6 ,/,// 74/** 6 7+ ,)67*+ 0*/+ ;+6 )/. Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ 255< N' FK 25< N Y )+ 6)4/+' F $5< N Y ) */MJ% 1


38/115

D*4+67*)6+ 74/+ (/+0 +:-+:D*6 +/* + 4* 77' ,)67*+@6 H ,6)7,' 7+ )*6 +,**/+

,+ ; 36/),*+ :/)*/) ;4+*/) ,6)7,* +:*6

15


39/115



Tension-pressure-

stress

zd N/mm²


of Mymax

(M max)

max N/mm²


of Mzmax

(Mζmax)

ζmax N/mm²


of normalstress

res N/mm²

P1 0.00 8.95 2.58 11.97 P2 -3.00 0.00 2.58 3.02 P3 0.00 -8.95 2.58 -5.92

P3* 0.00 -8.95 2.58 -5.92 P4 0.00 -8.95 0.00 -8.50 P5* 0.00 -8.95 -2.58 -11.09 P5 0.00 -8.95 -2.58 -11.09 P6 -3.00 0.00 -2.58 -2.14 P7 0.00 8.95 -2.58 6.81 P7* 0.00 8.95 -2.58 6.81 P8 0.00 8.95 0.00 9.39 P1* 0.00 8.95 2.58 11.97

%a&mum om#&ne' arater&st& o te normal stress Pos&t&on = 40.816 mm

!mount σresma

= 11.974 N/mm²

%a&mum om#&ne' arater&st& ote sear stress

τres = 2.850 N/mm²

omara#le stress σ = 7.989 N/mm²

)aet a(a&nst lea ) = 29.415

Result&n( ma&mum 'eet&on = 0.000 mm!n(le o te 'eet&on = 0.000000

!2


40/115

2.%.2 PROIECTAREA LEGĂTURII 5-%' ASAM#LARE PRIN #OLŢ

I( Date "e proiectareS 7+ ;)*+,++ 74/+ , )/ ,*/*6*, ) +:* ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ 5 =* %, 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++;*6 )4 )+* FSpeci'ica/ii impuse

a. F) ++*)+ F $5< N

b. T*;/ 7,*6** 7*,c. D+ +7;+ 74/+ +: ; *6+*) + *4+67*6+ B5 5< 44 =* 0)7*4+ 5

5 44 +: ; ++*) + *4+67*6+ B% %< 44 =* 0)7*4+ % 5 44T*;/ /+0** (74/**' , ,)6, ,)6)4

d. C)6*** + 6,*)6+ +4;+' T - "


41/115

a bFig. 2..2.1 Schema funcţional$constructivă a asamblării cu bolţ cilindric a

ţevilor pătrate concentrice: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


P+6 +/+4+6+/+ 5 =* % 7- /+7 4+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


42/115

Fig. 2..2.2 Parametri geometrici ai asamblării

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive- 74/+ , )/ 7+ ;)**)6+ / ;+ *6+*) 674//* +:-+: 5-%

- 7+ : +/* 74/+ 67:+7/ ;*6 4** ;++* +:*/)

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali - D5 Y *4+/ )//* (:/)+ 76- 5 Y ;)** 0** 36 +: 5- % Y ;)** 0** 36 +: %



- ) F 7+ 674*+ ;*6 )4 (,)6, *+, + / +: 5 / )/ ;*6 ) 7;++7+4*,*/*6*,+ ;+ ,+' )* ),/* +*7+6 4*' 7+ ,)67*+ , ; ;+7*6* +7*:*+ , *7**+ ,)767)*/ , 4*4/ ;5

- ) F 7+ 674*+ ;*6 )4 (,)6, *+, + / )/ / +: %' + 7+4+6+' ;*6) 7;++ 7+4*,*/*6*,+ ;+ ,+' )* ),/* +*7+6 +7' 7+ ,)67*+ , ;

;+7*6* + 7*:*+ , *7**+ 6*)4 , 4*4/ ;% Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+' F !5< N Y ) 67:+7/ ;+ )/

- +7;+ 4+*/+


43/115

Fig. 2..2.3 Schema de calcul

"elaţii de calcul :C)6** + +*7+6 / 7*:*+ 74/** , )/P+7*6*/+ 4*4+ + ,)6, ;+ 7;++/+ )//* 7+ /*4*+ 7+ /*4*+ / :/)++67*6** 4*7**/+ + 7*:*+ 4+*/+/) 36 ,)6,'

D*4+67*)6+ 74/+ , )/D*6 +/* + 4* 777+ )*6+ *4+/ 6+,+7 / )//*'

4 (1.81.5

S+ ); *6 ,)67*++6+ +B6)/)0*,+' D5 1< 44.V+**,+ )/ / )+,+

8< MP

V( Proiectarea 'ormei tehnolo!ice

!%


44/115

Fig. 2..2.# Parametrii de reprezentareA/+0++ )//* 7+ : ); // *6 *0.2.%.2.! , *4+/ ++*) / ;)*6**,*/*6*,+' 1B1


45/115

mmlt&mate )tren(t or :or Rm = 360.00 N/mm²2 !2


46/115

a

b

Fig. 2./.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a elementelor de tip tirant solicitat excentric: a & subansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare

II( Ale!erea materialului. tratamentelor termice $i tehnolo!ieiD+)+,+ *6/ *6+*) ;+,4 =* ,);/ *6/* *6+*) 76 ;*+7+ ,+ 7+ :) 7 7+

);' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


47/115

Fig. 2./. 2 Parametri geometrici ai asamblării

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive:- 7+ ); 7+4**,+ + *; +: ; 76 , /*/+ ;+/) B$ =* B8 =*

0)7*4*/+ ;++*/) $ =*' +7;+,*:' 8

doptarea para!etrilor geo!etrici funcţionali şi constructivi :- 7+ );' !5 44' ,)6)4 6+* +:/* ;)*4*:+ 0)7*4*/) +/+4+6+/) 9' 1<

=* 11

- /60*4+ L! Y B%>2 Y 2$5 44

- /60*4+ >2 1"$.5 44


$olicit,ri şi ipote)e de calcul :

- 4)+// + ,/,/ +7+ ) +; 36,7' ,)4;7 *6 2 +:* ;+- 7)/*,*/ ,*6+ + ) FJ / 36,):)*++ )/*, + 7,*6*/+ F' FK =* MK!' M! / )7*6++ 4)4+6/ MJ! / )+,+ + )+/+ FK =* F

- +/+4+6+/+ $ =* 8 )4+ 36 )6 4+*6 /+0 +:-+: =* 76 *+ */ ;*6-) 74/+ , )/

- ;+6 ,/,// + +*7+6 7+ ,)67*+ , 674// ,+/) ) + +7+ 36,736 ,+6/ /6=+* 9

- +)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7++ ,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36,)67*++ 7)/*,*+ ;*6,*;/ + 36,):)*++ + ) F =* 4)4+6/ MK$; ++4*6+ *4+67*6*/) ;*6 +)/:+ 4)+//* 7*4;/**, 7+ : ,+:+**,+ , 4)// , ;,B+/ MDESIGN

Date cunoscute 9pentru modelul simplificat-:

- +7;+ 36,,+ F $5< N Y ) 67:+7/ =* MK$ 85


48/115

- +7;+ 4+*/ 1'52'5 9


49/115


50/115

N/mm² max

N/mm² ζmax N/mm²

res N/mm²

P1 1.44 -0.55 32.49 33.39 P2 1.44 0.00 32.49 33.94 P3 1.44 0.55 32.49 34.49 P3* 1.44 0.55 32.49 34.49 P4 1.44 0.55 0.00 1.99 P5* 1.44 0.55 -32.49 -30.50 P5 1.44 0.55 -32.49 -30.50 P6 1.44 0.00 -32.49 -31.05 P7 1.44 -0.55 -32.49 -31.60 P7* 1.44 -0.55 -32.49 -31.60 P8 1.44 -0.55 0.00 0.90 P1* 1.44 -0.55 32.49 33.39

%a&mum om#&ne' arater&st& o te normal stress Pos&t&on = 91.837 mm !mount σresma

= 34.485 N/mm²


τres = 2.049 N/mm²



2.8 P)*+,+ /+0** %-$ (34*6+ 7


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 34*6+ 7 *6/* *6+*)' $' , ,);/ ,)/)6+* 7;+*)+ % *6*0.2.8.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK' F' MJ$' MK$' M$.

Speci'ica/ii impuse

5"



51/115

a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 252 85


52/115

Fig. 2.0.2 Parametri geometrici ai 3mbinării

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive- 7+ *4;6+ 7*0+ ;+;+6*,/*** ,+/) ) +/+4+6+

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali - 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7 +7+ 4 4*, +,@ 0)7*4+ ;+++/* +:** %'$


(pote)e de calcul şi solicit,ri

- +)+,+ 36,,+ ++*) +7+ ,)4;7 *6 7,*6* 4/*;/+ =* 4)+// + ,/,/ +,)4;/+*+ 4* ;+6 ,/,// ,/7*, 7+ ,)67*+ 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36,)67*++ 36,,+ , 7,*6*/+ 4*4+' ) FJ =* 4)4+6/ MK$

- +67*6*/+ + )+,+ 76 +;*+ 6*)4 ;+ /60*4+ ,+/) ) ,))6+ +7

- 7+ 6+0/*+ 7)/*,**/+ / 36,):)*++ =* )+,+ Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ 255< N' MK$ 85


53/115

Fig. 2.0.3 Parametri geometrici ai 3mbinării

"elaţii de calcul :- C)6** + +*7+6 / )+,+ 7**'

T+67*6*/+ + )+,+ )+ )+* FJ =* 4)4+6/* MK$'

2

- D*4+67*)6+ 7D*6 +/* + 4* 77' 7+ )*6+ 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7'

1.%144

S+ );' *6 ,)67*++6+ +B6)/)0*,+' 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7' 244


Fig. 2.0.# eprezentarea simplificat pe desen a 3mbinării

5%


54/115

"eco!and,ri pentru adoptarea para!etrilor te&nologici şi de repre)entare:

- 7 7+ : +/ ; ,)6 36,B*7- ; 7+ 7+ : ;/*, 4+6 +4*, + +,),++ + ++67*)6+


static dynamic proof proof

Resultant normal stress σres = 38.017 - N/mm²

Resultant sear stress τres = 4.960 - N/mm²

!llo"a#le normal stress σ$ul = 160.000 - N/mm²



&el'&n( o&nt Re = 240.000 N/mm²

!ote")tat& roo 5.842e-2 1

5$


55/115

2.9 P)*+,+ /+0*/) $-8

2.9.1 P)*+,+ /+0** $-8' +:-+: ;


S 7+ ;)*+,++ /+0 (74/+ ) +:* ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ $ =* 8 *6*0. 2.9.1.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ ;*6 )4 (,)6, 7,*6*/) FJ' FK'MJ$'MK$' M$.Speci'ica/ii impusea. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 252] 92$5


56/115

Fig. 2..1.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a asamblării 9legăturii- ţeavă$teavă pătrată: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


E/+4+6+/+ $ =* 8 76 *6,/7+ 36 7674/+ 7+ =* +,* ;+6 ,+7+ 7- /+74+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


57/115

- *4+67*6*/+ 74/** , )/ 7+ :) ++4*6 36 7,;. 2.9.2


(pote)e şi relaţii de calcul :L+0 (74/+ *6+ +:*/+ ;+ $ =* 8 +7+ 7*4*/ , /+0 *6+ +:*/+ 5 =* % 36 7,;*)// 2.%.1 , 4)+/+ +)7+**- 36,,*/+ ++*)+ 76 FK 25< F $5< N MJ$ 1


58/115

,+ ; 36/),*+ :/)*/) ;4+*/) ,6)7,* +:*6'

21%


59/115

- 7/ 0-)/ H12>B1


60/115

f C)6*** ,)67,*:+ *6+7,B*4*/*+ =* 4)/*+ g C)6*** +,)/)0*,+ */*+ + 4+*/+ =* +B6)/)0** +,)' +,*,/+ 4+*/+/)'

;)+,* :*+**.

Fig. 2..2.1 Schema funcţional$constructivă a asamblării cu bolţ a ţevilor pătrate concentrice: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


P+6 +/+4+6+/+ $ =* 8 7- /+7 4+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


61/115

Fig. 2..2.2 Parametri geometrici ai asamblării


- 74/+ , )/ 7+ ;)**)6+ 36 ,+6/ 74/** +:-+:' $-8- 7+ : +/* 74/+ 67:+7/ ;*6 4** ;++* +:*/)

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali - D$ Y *4+/ )//* (:/)+ 76- $ Y ;)** 0** 36 +: $- 8 Y ;)** 0** 36 +: 8



- ) FJ 7+ 674*+ ;*6 )4 (,)6, *+, + / +: $ / )/ ;*6 ) 7;++7+4*,*/*6*,+ ;+ ,+' )* ),/* +*7+6 4*' 7+ ,)67*+ , ; ;+7*6* +7*:*+ , *7**+ ,)767)*/ , 4*4/ ;$

- ) FJ 7+ 674*+ ;*6 )4 (,)6, *+, + / )/ / +: 8' + 7+4+6+' ;*6

) 7;++ 7+4*,*/*6*,+ ;+ ,+' )* ),/* +*7+6 +7' 7+ ,)67*+ , ; ;+7*6* + 7*:*+ , *7**+ 6*)4 , 4*4/ ;8 Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+' FJ 255< N Y ) 67:+7/ ;+ )/

- +7;+ 4+*/+


62/115

- D7 4(9.2


63/115

- )/*/+ 7+ ++, 36 )4 76 (S()S .0.4+#=*S()S .0.1 7 )4+ *;*+(*0. 2.9.2.5

- ;+6 7*0+ 7+ ;) )/)7* =;/*6* (S()S ##' 7*06+ +/7*,+ (*0. 2.9.2.5+,.

- ;+6 34;*+*,+ +;/7** */+ 7+ ;) )/)7* =*+ ;+6 )/* (S()S .04

Fig. 2..2.-


64/115

)(+* P)*+,+ +/+4+6+/) 11 =* 12>12? ( ,+6/ =*,)/)6 7@60>+;


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 7674// ,+6/ =* ,)/)6+ 7@60>+;' ;)***/+ 11 =*12>12? *6 *0. 2.1


65/115

a

%8


66/115

b

Fig. 2.1.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a elementelor de tip bară:a & subansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare

II( Ale!erea materialului. tratamentelor termice $i tehnolo!ieiD+)+,+ /+0*/+ , +/+4+6+/+ *,+6+ 76 34*6* ;*6 7+ ;+6 ,+6/

=* ,)/)6+/+ 7@60>+; 7+ );' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


67/115

Fig. 2.1.2 Parametri geometrici2funcţionali şi constructiviCaracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive:- 7+ ); 7+4**,+ + *; +: ; 76* , /*/+ ;+/) B11 =* B12 =*

0)7*4*/+ ;++*/) 11 =*' +7;+,*:' 12


- 7+ );' L5′ L5>2 212? )4+ /+0* +:-+: =* 76 *+ */ ;*6 74/* ,

)/- ;+6 ,/,// + +*7+6 7+ ,)67*+ , 674// ,+/) +* +/+4+6+ +7+ 0 +*6** 1">1"?

$ +)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7+ +,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ 6+0/*++67*6*/+ 0+6++ + +)*/+ */+' *+)+ =* + 4)4+6/ + )7*6+ * 36,)67*++ 7)/*,**/+ + 36,):)*++ 0+6++ + 4)4+6+/+ 4*4+ ))0)6/+ *6 ;/6)*)6/ =* :+*,/' M34H =* +7;+,*:' M34V ; ++4*6+ *4+67*6*/) ;*6+)/:+ 4)+//* 7*4;/**, 7+ : ,+ :+**,+ , 4)// , ;,B+/MDESIGN

Date cunoscute 9pentru modelul simplificat-:

+7;+ 36,,+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


68/115

Fig. 2.1.3 'odelul de calcul


- +)*/+ + 36,):)*++ 36 7+,*6*/+ ,**,+ (;+6 4)+// 7*4;/**,M34H M11 ] FJ L5>2 $52 212?' *6@6 ,)6 ,' B12 5


69/115

Fig. 2.1.# Parametri tehnologici şi constructivi


- /60*4+ +/+4+6/* 12' 7- ++4*6 36 7,; 2.1".1 64/ + 0* =*' +,*' ,7+ +0/+ 7+ : ++4*6 *6@6 ,)6 + ,/,// 74/** +:-+: ,/,/ 367,; 2.1".1

- *4+/ 0** + )/ 7- ++4*6 36 4 ,/,/* 74/** , )/ 36 7,;.2.1".2

- 0)*+ + ;+/,+' R %'" \4



Tension-pressure-

stress

zd N/mm²


of Mymax

(M max)

max N/mm²


of Mzmax

(Mζmax)

ζmax N/mm²


of normalstress

res N/mm²

P1 0.44 8.20 -44.78 -36.14 P2 0.44 0.00 -44.78 -44.34 P3 0.44 -8.20 -44.78 -52.53 P3* 0.44 -8.20 -44.78 -52.53 P4 0.44 -8.20 0.00 -7.75 P5* 0.44 -8.20 44.78 37.03 P5 0.44 -8.20 44.78 37.03 P6 0.44 0.00 44.78 45.22 P7 0.44 8.20 44.78 53.42 P7* 0.44 8.20 44.78 53.42 P8 0.44 8.20 0.00 8.64 P1* 0.44 8.20 -44.78 -36.14

$2


70/115


71/115

a b

Fig. 2.11.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a 3mbinării sudate $ cazul , 90$*; #/$##-: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


E/+4+6+/+ 8' 9' 1< =* 11 )4+ 6 7674/* 7+ =*' +,*' ;+6 ,+7+ 7- /+74+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


72/115



- +)+,+ 36,,+ ++*) +7+ ,)4;7 *6 7,*6* 4/*;/+ =* 4)+// + ,/,/ +

,)4;/+*+ 4* ;+6 ,/,// ,/7*, 7+ ,)67*+ 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36,)67*++ 36,,+ , 7,*6*/+ 4*4+' ) FJ =* 4)4+6/ MK1<- +67*6*/+ + )+,+ 76 +;*+ 6*)4 ;+ /60*4+ ,+/) ) ,))6+ +

7

- 7+ 6+0/*+ 7)/*,**/+ / 36,):)*++ =* )+,+ Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ 255< N' MK1


73/115

- D*4+67*)6+ 7D*6 +/* + 4* 77' 7+ )*6+ 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7'

!'1 44

S+ );' *6 ,)67*++6+ +B6)/)0*,+' 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7' 5 44.


Fig. 2.11.# eprezentarea simplificat pe desen a 3mbinării


- 7 7+ : +/ ; ,)6 36,B*7- ; 7+ 7+ : ;/*, 4+6 +4*, + +,),++ + ++67*)6+


static dynamic

proof proof Resultant normal stress σres = 62.525 -

N/mm²Resultant sear stress τres = 6.403 -

N/mm²!llo"a#le normal stress σ$ul = 160.000 -

N/mm²



&el'&n( o&nt Re = 240.000 N/mm²


$%


74/115

)(+) P)*+,+ /+0** 9-1< (74/+ ;*6 =*

'& ate de proiectare

S 7+ ;)*+,++ 74/+ , =* 7)/*,*+ ,)4*6 (*/ =* 67:+7/ ,+ /+0/6= 9 + /6= 1< *6 *0. 2.12.1, 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK =*F + / ,@/*0/ + +4),+ +; , 7+' ;)** 1' / ,+6/ 1


75/115

3 T*;/ 7,*6** 7*,r R+7*,** *4+67*)6/+ 7+ *4;6+ , *4+67*6*/+ /6=+/) 74/+ 7 ;+4*

7@60++ 74/** , ,B+* 76 +7;+,@6 ,)6** + 0* 4*6*4s C)6*** + 6,*)6+ ,)*+*,*+6/ + +,+ *6+ /6=+' \


76/115

bFig. 2.12.1 Schema funcţional$constructivă a asamblării: a & integrare 3n

ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


S+ ); ;+6 =* *6 4+*/+ *6,/7+ 36 0; + ,,+*7*,* %.8S*4)/*/+ 0;+/) + ,,+*7*,* 4+,6*,+ /+ ;+6 =* 76 ".%' !.%' !.8'

5.%' 5.8' %.8' 8.8' 1


77/115

Fig. 2.12.2 Parametri geometrici2funcţionali şi constructiviCaracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive:

- *4+67*)6+ /6=+/) 7+ : ,+ *6 ,)67*++6+ + 0* ;+6 7+ ;+4*+

7+ ,);/* *6/* 8 36 )6 ,+6/ =* ;+6 7+ ;+ 7@60+ 74/+, ,B+*


- ;+6 /6=+/+ 9 =* 1< 7+ ); *6 ( 5=> #//.* 7+4**, + *; ;/6 =*'

*6@6 ,)6 , 36 ,+6 7+ : 7 ,);/ *6/* (B8 ] %5 44 =* 7;+ ++*)

7+ : /), 7;* + ,*6+ ,B+** + *+ ( 28 44' ;+6 =* + ;@6 /M1


78/115

Fig. 2.12.3Schema de calcul a forţelor din şuruburi

"elaţii de calcul :?alculul forţelor axiale din şuruburi corespunzător fiecărei 3ncărcări

- orCele '&n Auru#ur& (enerate 'e orCa :D are sol&&t@asam#larea a&al entr&,

%%2N' %%2N' %%2N' %%2N

81


79/115

- orCele '&n Auru#ur& (enerate 'e momentul %E10 aresol&&t@ asam#larea a&al eentr&,

!2$ N' 22N'

22 N' !2$ N

- orCele '&n Auru#ur& (enerate 'e momentul % 10 aresol&&t@ asam#larea a&al eentr&,

2$

$12 N

- orCele '&n Auru#ur& (enerate 'e momentul %D10 aresol&&t@ asam#larea transersal entr&,

2


80/115

&6,,+ 4*4 F= 4(F71'F72'F7"'F7! %5$2 N *6*, , =/ 1 (*0. 2.12." +7+,+/ 4* 7)/*,* =* : * *4+67*)6 ,)6)4 ,/,//* + +*7+6.Calculul de re)istenţ,

- *4+67*)6+ =/* ,+/ 4* 7)/*,* *6 ,)6** + +*7+6 / ,*6+ ;+7;6+ ++4*6+ *4+/* *6+) / */+/* 6+,+7'

@ $'2" 44

*6(S()S .#/$04' 7+ ); ( ;4+** */+/* 1 8'"$% 44' 2 9'" ;*/* M1< , 4 8 44 =* S 1$ 44

- 4)4+6/ + 36=+ (7@60++ =/* ,+/ 4* 7)/*,*'

2$%%N44'

6+' 7- ,)67*+ "'


81/115


Fig. 2.12.# Parametrii tehnologici şi de reprezentare


- ,)+/+ ;*:*6 /60*4*/+ *+* */++ =* *+* =/* 7- ++4*6 *6@6 ,)6 +0)7*4+ ;*/*+*' 4 8 44 (S()S *#"#+,' =* ;/ (S()S ."//+,' =* G)[+(S()S 0111+"

- *4+67*6*/+ =/* )7 ;+/+ *6 (S()S 4"0"$0/ -

- 0)*+ + ;+/,+ /++/) /6=+/) 9 =* 112?' +:-+: ;

8!


82/115


S 7+ ;)*+,++ /+0 (74/+ +:*/) ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ 11 =* 12 =* 11 =*12? *6 *0. 2.1".1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ ;*6 )4 (,)6, 7,*6*/) FJ'FK'MJ11' MK11' M11.

Speci'ica/ii impusea. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 252 ] FJL5′>2 1"2


83/115

bFig. 2.13.1.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a legăturilor ţeavă$ţeavă cu profil

pătrat: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


E/+4+6+/+ 11 =* 12>12? 76 *6,/7+ 36 7674/+ 7+ =*' +,*' ;+6 ,+7+ 7- /+74+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


84/115


- ;+6 7*0+ 6,*)6** 7+ *4;6+ +/*+ ,)6,/* ,)6)4 (;+ 7;+4* *6+ +:*/+ 11 =* 12>12? ,+ 7+ +/*+ ;*6 4)6/ , ), / ,+7)


- +:*/+ ;+ *6+*) =* ++*)' *4+67*)6. 36 7,; 2.1


85/115

a b

Fig. 2.13.1.3Similitudinile modelelor de calcul: a & legătura dintre ţevile . şi 1;b & legătura dintre ţevile ## şi #"

A,+7+ +)7+** 6 *4;/*, 4)**,* /+ 4)+//* + ,/,/ =* +,*' 7+ 4+6*6 ,+/+=**;)++ =* +/** + *4+67*)6+ 36 ,+ 7+ 4)**, ) *6*,** 7),** 4)**,**7*7+4/* + ,)))6+ (K ` ' ` K =* +/+4+6/* + (% ` 11

,+ ; 36/),*+ :/)*/) ;4+*/) ,6)7,* +:*6'21%


86/115

Fig. 2.13.1.# Parametri tehnologicie şi constructivi


- *4+/ /+/* ' D8 1< 44 7+ ++4*6 , 4+ ,/,//* 74/** , )/ *6 7,;. 2.1".2

- 0 + )/ 7+ ;/*, / ;+ *6+*) / *76 1'5D5

- 7/ 0-)/ H12>B1


87/115

stress

zd

N/mm²

consequence

of Mymax (M max)

max

N/mm²

consequence

of Mzmax (Mζmax)

ζ

max

N/mm²

characteristicof normal stress

res N/mm²

P1 0.44 8.20 -44.78 -36.14 P2 0.44 0.00 -44.78 -44.34 P3 0.44 -8.20 -44.78 -52.53 P3* 0.44 -8.20 -44.78 -52.53

P4 0.44 -8.20 0.00 -7.75 P5* 0.44 -8.20 44.78 37.03 P5 0.44 -8.20 44.78 37.03 P6 0.44 0.00 44.78 45.22 P7 0.44 8.20 44.78 53.42 P7* 0.44 8.20 44.78 53.42 P8 0.44 8.20 0.00 8.64 P1* 0.44 8.20 -44.78 -36.14


= 53.420 N/mm²


τres = 6.447 N/mm²




2.1".2 P)*+,+ /+0** 11-12>12?' 74/+ ;*6 )/


9


88/115

S 7+ ;)*+,++ 74/+ , )/ ,*/*6*, ) +:* ;+ ,)6,+6*,+' ;)***/+ 11=* 12>12? *6 *0. 2.1".2.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ ;*6 )4 )+* FK7Speci'ica/ii impuse

a. F) ++*)+ FK 25< N FK7 FK>2 125 Nb. T*;/ 7,*6** 7*,

c. D+ +7;+ 74/+ +: ; *6+*) + *4+67*6+ B12 5< 44 =* 0)7*4+12 544 (7,;. 2.1


89/115

P+6 +/+4+6+/+ 11 =* 12>12? 7- /+7 4+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN1


90/115

$ ) FK7 7+ 674*+ ;*6 )4 (,)6, *+, + / )/ / +: 11' + 7+4+6+' ;*6) 7;++ 7+4*,*/*6*,+ ;+ ,+' )* ),/* +*7+6 +7' 7+ ,)67*+ , ;

;+7*6* + 7*:*+ , *7**+ 6*)4 , 4*4/ ;11 .

Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+' FK7 125 N Y ) 67:+7/ ;+ )/

- +7;+ 4+*/+


91/115

D*4+67*)6+ 74/+ , )/D*6 +/* AS#-A.2.".!.1 7+ )*6+ *4+/ 6+,+7 / )//*'

4 (


92/115

Building Case # $ %:or ;en'&n( )# = 0.70 1.39 1.39:or )ear&n( )t = 1.74 1.74 1.74:or )urae Pressure 1"? (*6 7@60>+;


S 7+ ;)*+,++ *6/ 7@60>+;' ;)** 1">1"? *6 *0. PRC-A.1.2.".1.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) ()+ =* 4)4+6+ + / ,)/)6' ;)** 12>12? /,)/)6 9.

$pecificaţii i!puse:a( F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25


93/115

a

bFig. 2.1#.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a elementelor de tip tirant solicitat

excentric: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare

9%


94/115


S+ );' )+/ 7*/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 11"? =* ">"? )4+ 74/* , =* 4)6+ , ),- +)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7+ +

,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36 ,)67*++7)/*,*+ ;*6,*;/ + 36,):)*++ + ) FK7 =* 4)4+6/ M1" ; ++4*6+

9$


95/115


96/115

Fig. 2.1#.3 'odelul de calcul

99


97/115


Fig. 2.1#.# Parametrii tehnologici şi de reprezentare


- 64/ + @6* 0* =*' +,*' ,7 + +0/+ 7+ :) ++4*6 *6@6 ,)6 +*76 *6+ 0* + 85

- *4+/ 0** + +,++ ;+6 =*/+ + *+ 7-+ ++4*66 36 4 ,/,/*74/** , =*

- 0)*+ + ;+/,+' R %'" \4.



Tension-pressure-

stress

zd N/mm²


of Mymax

(M max)

max N/mm²


of Mzmax

(Mζmax)

ζmax N/mm²


of normalstress

res N/mm²

P1 1.35 240.00 4.17 245.53 P2 1.35 0.00 4.17 5.53

1


98/115

P3 1.35 -240.00 4.17 -234.47 P3* 1.35 -240.00 4.17 -234.47 P4 1.35 -240.00 0.00 -238.65 P5* 1.35 -240.00 -4.17 -242.82 P5 1.35 -240.00 -4.17 -242.82 P6 1.35 0.00 -4.17 -2.82 P7 1.35 240.00 -4.17 237.18 P7* 1.35 240.00 -4.17 237.18 P8 1.35 240.00 0.00 241.35 P1* 1.35 240.00 4.17 245.53


= 245.528 N/mm²

%a&mumom#&ne'arater&st& o te sear stress

τres = 0.626 N/mm²




1


99/115

)(+5 P)*+,+ /+0** 12-1">12?-1"? (34*6+ 7


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 34*6+ 7 ,)/)6+* 7@60>+;' 12>12?' , *6/ 7@60>+;1">1"? *6 *0. 2.15.1, 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) FJ' FK' F' MJ$' MK$'M$.

$pecificaţii i!puse:a. F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25+; +7+ *6 +: ; , / B12 5< 44

=* 0)7*4+ 12 5 44 *6/ 7@60>+; +7+ *6 ;/6 , /*4+ 1" 1


100/115

Fig. 2.1-.1Schema funcţional$constructivă şi de 3ncărcare a 3mbinării sudate $cazul 4 9#"$#,;#"A$#,A-


E/+4+6+/+ 12' 1"' =* 12?' 1"? )4+ 7674/* 7+ =*' +,*' ;+6 ,+7+ 7-/+7 4+*/ 7*/' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


101/115

Caracteristici şi restricţii funcţionale şi constructive- 7+ *4;6+ 7*0+ ;+;+6*,/*** +/+4+6+/) 7+

'ara!etrii geo!etrici principali

- 0)7*4+ ,))6/* + 7 +7+ 4 4*, +,@ 0)7*4+ ;+++/* +:** 12 5 44



- +)+,+ 36,,+ ++*) +7+ ,)4;7 *6 7,*6* 4/*;/+ =* 4)+// + ,/,/ +,)4;/+*+ 4* ;+6 ,/,// ,/7*, 7+ ,)67*+ 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36,)67*++ 36,,+ , 7,*6*/+ 4*4+' ) FJ7 =* 4)4+6/ MK1"

- +67*6*/+ + )+,+ 76 +;*+ 6*)4 ;+ /60*4+ ,+/) ) ,))6+ +7

- 7+ 6+0/*+ 7)/*,**/+ / 36,):)*++ =* ,*6+ Date cunoscute:

- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ7 1"25 N' MK1" !9$1%" N44- +7;+ )4+ =* *4+67*6* ,))6/ 7 + )4 ; , /' B 5< 44- +7;+ 4+*/+


102/115


103/115

N/mm²


&el'&n( o&nt Re = 240.000 N/mm²


2.1% P)*+,+ +/+4+6/* ">"? (7;) 7@60>+;


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 7;)/ 7@60>+;' ;)** ">"? *6 *0. 2.1%.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/) ()+ =* 4)4+6+ + / *6/' ;)** 1">1"? / /6+ *+ + ;+ =7*.

$pecificaţii i!puse:

a( F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 25< F $5< N ,*)6+ / *76+/+ L1 5


104/115


105/115

b

Fig. 2.1.1Schema funcţional$constructivă a elementelor de tip coloană solicitată excentric: a & integrare 3n ansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


S+ );' )+/ S2"5' ,)6)4 SR EN 1


106/115


(pote)e de calcul şi solicit,ri :-4)+// + ,/,/ +7+ ) +; 36,7' 7)/*,* / ,*6+ + ) F7 /

36,):)*++ )/*, + 7,*6*/+ FJ7' FK7 =* MJ"' MK1" / )7*6+ + 4)4+6/ M" /)+,+ + )+/+ FK7 =* F7-+/+4+6+/+ ">"? )4+ 74/+ , =* 4)6+ , ), , ) /= * ;+ =7*-+)+,+' 4)+// + *4+67*)6+ , /+ 36 ,)67*++ ) 7)/*,**/) +7+ +

,)4;/+*+ 4*' 36 ,)6*6+' 7+ ); 6 4)+/ 7*4;/**, ,+ * 36 ,)67*++7)/*,*+ ;*6,*;/ + 36,):)*++ + ) FK7 =* 4)4+6/ MJ" ; ++4*6+*4+67*6*/) ;*6 +)/:+ 4)+//* 7*4;/**, 7+ : ,+ :+**,+ , 4)// ,

;,B+/ MDESIGN Date cunoscute 9pentru modelul simplificat-:

+7;+ 36,,+ FK7 125 N' MJ1" 5258$ N44' ;/*,+ 7*,-+7;+ )4 =* *4+67*6* ;/6 , *4+67*6*/+' " 1


107/115

8'


108/115



2.1$ P)*+,+ /+0** 1"-">1"?-"? (74/+ ;*6 =*


S 7+ ;)*+,++ 74/+ , =* 7)/*,*+ ,)4*6 (*/ =* 67:+7/ ,+ /+0*6/ 1">1"? + 7;)/ ">"? *0. 2.1$.1 , 6,* ;*6,*;/ + 674*++ 7,*6*/)()+ =* 4)4+6+

$pecificaţii i!puse:a( F)+/+ ++*)+ FJ 255< N' FK 252 52588 N44' M" FK (L2] L!] L%>2 112


109/115

A

-

Fig. 2.1/.1 Schema funcţional$constructivă a asamblării: a & integrare 3nansamblu; b & schema de 3ncărcare


S+ ); ;+6 =* *6 4+*/+ *6,/7+ 36 0; + ,,+*7*,* %.8112


110/115

S*4)/*/+ 0;+/) + ,,+*7*,* 4+,6*,+ /+ ;+6 =* 76 ".%' !.%' !.8'5.%' 5.8' %.8' 8.8' 1


111/115

- +7;+ 36,,+ FJ7 1"25 N' FK7 1$5' F7 225 N MJ" 52588 N44' M"112


112/115

"5% N' "5% N' "5% N'

"5% N

-)+/+ *6 =* 0+6++ + 4)4+6/ MK" ,+ 7)/*,* 74/+ 67:+7/,+6*, '

1295" N' 1295" N'

1295" N' 1295" N?alculul forţelor axiale totale din şuruburi:

1!" ;*/* M12 , 4 1" 44 =* S 19 44- 4)4+6/ + 36=+ (7@60++ =/* ,+/ 4* 7)/*,*

852$ N44'

6+' 7- ,)67*+ "'


113/115

M4 ] 1!52$ N446+ 7- ,)67*+ \1


114/115

#I#LIOGRAFIE

1. c/' A. =.. O06+ + 4=*6*' :)/. I'II. U6*:+7*+ *6 #=):' 198%' 1989.2. M)06' GB. =.. O06+ + 4=*6*. T+)*+-P)*+,+-A;/*, **' E U6*:+7* **ț ț

T67*/:6* *6 #=):' 2


115/115

DESENE

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