LOVE AFFAIR REFLECTED AT HENRIK IBSEN’S HEDDA GABLER PLAY

(1890); AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in English Department

by

MAYA BERLIAN PRIMADANI

A 320110007

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2015

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MOTTO

Where there is kindness, there is goodness. And where there is goodness, there is magic.

(Cinderella)

You can get it if you really want, but you must try try and try. You’ll succeed at last.

(Sebastian – Little Mermaid Series)

The miracle is the other name of hard work.

(To the Beautiful You, ep 1)

Don’t be panic, stay calm, and let’s traveling.

(Writer)

vi

DEDICATION

This research paper is dedicated to:

1. My beloved father

2. My beloved mother in heaven

3. My beloved little sister

4. My special one

5. My best friends

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Alhamdulilahirobbil’alamin. Praise and gratitude to ALLAH SWT, the lord of

the lord in the universe, who gives blessing and guidance that the writer may accomplish

the research paper to obtain Bachelor Degree. Writing and conducting a research is not

as easy as flipping palm. However, with various helps and supports from others, the

writer manages to finish it.

Therefore, the writer would like to express her gratitude towards those who

have supported and guided her in doing this research paper. She is really thankful to:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum, as Dean of School Teacher Training and

Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S.Pd., Ph.D., as the Head of English Education Department

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

3. The first consultant, Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed., who has given her

great help and guidance in finishing this research paper,

4. The second consultant, Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M.Hum, who has given research

guidance, correction, and suggestion for the sake of the credibility of this research

paper,

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5. Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd as the academic consultant who has given me

motivation to finish my study.

6. All lecturers of English Education Department for their guidance and knowledge

which are shared to the writer patiently,

7. Her most beloved father Ismunanto, S.Pd who is the main reason for the writer to

fight, always shared the support, care, and prayers endlessly,

8. Her most beloved mother Suyati, S.Pd, SD that now in heaven,

9. Her beloved little sister Zainisa Dhiyaul Aulia who always make her cheerful and

full of spirit,

10. Her special one “PP” who always accompanies her, gives the support and makes her

always smile. Thank you Mas Panggih,

11. Her precious friends in “The Cimit-cimit” Fathiya, Nur’aini (Iin), and Indah who

have happiness, support and every little thing we shared,

12. The Big family in Kost An-Nur, there are 01 Larasati, 03 Serin, 04 Dewi, 05

Mbak Hunny, 06 Hafni, 07 Mbak Umi, 08 Ilma, and 09 Winda. Thank you for the

sweats, tears, support, and everything the writer couldn’t even imagine may get if

she did not join “the family”,

13. Her friends in the conscript of the 2011 class A, who have struggled together almost

4 years,

14. Her lovely social media Facebook: Maya Berlian Primadani, Twitter: @mayaberlian,

Path: Maya Berlian Primadani, Instagram: @mayaberlian, and Line: mayaberlian,

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15. And to all the many people who made this research paper possible with thanks

beyond adequate expression.

Hopefully, this research paper will be useful for those who wants to study

the Henrik Ibsen’s play Hedda Gabler and enrich the reader‘s knowledge dealing with

the individual psychological approach. I realize that the research paper is still far from

being perfect. Therefore supportive criticism and suggestion are needed to make this

research paper later.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Surakarta, March 8th

2015

The Writer

Maya Berlian Primadani

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ........................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL ................................................................................................. ii

ACCEPTANCE ........................................................................................... iii

TESTIMONY ............................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ....................................................................................................... v

DEDICATION .............................................................................................. vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT .............................................................................. vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................... x

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. xiv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 1

A. Background of the Study........................................ 1

B. Literature Review ................................................... 7

C. Problem Statements................................................ 11

D. Limitation of the Study .......................................... 11

E. Objectives of the Study .......................................... 11

F. Benefits of the Study .............................................. 11

G. Research Method ................................................... 12

H. Paper Organization ................................................. 15

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CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ................................................. 16

A. Notion of Individual Psychology ........................... 16

B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology .............. 17

1. Inferiority Feeling ........................................ 18

2. Striving of Superiority .................................. 18

3. Fiction Finalism ............................................ 19

4. Style of Life .................................................. 20

5. Social Interest ............................................... 22

6. Creative Power ............................................. 23

C. Notion of Love Affair ............................................ 23

D. Structural Elements of Play .................................... 25

1. Character and Characterization .................... 26

2. Setting ........................................................... 27

3. Plot ............................................................... 29

a. Exposition ............................................... 30

b. Complication .......................................... 30

c. Climax ..................................................... 31

d. Resolution ............................................... 31

4. Theme ........................................................... 32

5. Style .............................................................. 32

E. Theoretical Application .......................................... 34

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CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ............................................. 35

A. The Structural Element of the Play ........................ 35

1. Character and Characterization ......................... 35

a. Major Character ........................................... 35

b. Minor Character .......................................... 40

2. Setting ............................................................... 43

a. Setting of Time ............................................ 43

b. Setting of Place............................................ 44

c. Social Setting ............................................... 45

3. Plot .................................................................... 45

a. Exposition .................................................... 46

b. Complication ............................................... 47

c. Climax ......................................................... 49

d. Resolution.................................................... 49

4. Theme................................................................ 50

5. Style .................................................................. 51

B. Discussion ............................................................. 54

CHAPTER IV: INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ............. 59

A. Individual Psychological Analysis ......................... 59

1. Inferiority Feeling ............................................. 59

2. Striving of Superiority ...................................... 62

3. Fiction Finalism ................................................ 66

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4. Style of Life ...................................................... 68

5. Social Interest .................................................... 71

6. Creative Power .................................................. 73

B. Discussion ............................................................. 75

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 79

A. Conclusion ............................................................. 79

B. Pedagogical Implication ........................................ 80

C. Suggestion .............................................................. 81

BIBLIOGRAPHY

VIRTUAL REFERENCES

APPENDIX

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ABSTRACT

Maya Berlian Primadani. A 320110007. LOVE AFFAIR REFLECTED AT HENRIK

IBSEN’S HEDDA GABLER PLAY (1890); AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL

APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. SURAKARTA: SCHOOL OF TEACHER

TRAINING AND EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF

SURAKARTA. 2015

The major problem of this study is how love affair is reflected in Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda

Gabler. The objective if this study is to analyze the play based on the individual

psychological analysis.

In analyzing Hedda Gabler, the writer uses qualitative method and individual

psychological approach. The data sources consist of primary data and secondary data

sources. The primary data source is the Hedda Gabler play itself and the secondary data

sources are the other sources related to the analysis such as the author’s biography,

books of literary theory and individual psychologist. The method of the data collection

is library research. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis.

The result of the study shows the following conclusion. Based on Individual

Psychological Approach, Hedda Gabler play shows love affair happens in Hedda as the

major character in this play.

Keywords: Love Affair, Hedda Gabler, Individual Psychological Approach.