LOST COMMO

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Enabling Learning Objective FEnabling Learning Objective F

Action: Given a situation involving two-way radio failure, the student will identify the appropriate pilot actions.

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo Procedures• During two-way radio

communications failure, when confronted with a situation not covered in the regulation, pilots are expected to exercise good judgement in whatever action they elect to take.

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Lost Commo Procedures• Check Radios

• Try another radio• Try another frequency• Have Co-pilot try to contact ATC• Go back to last frequency• Attempt contact on emergency

frequency• Place transponder to 7600• Turn volume up on Navigation

receivers.

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Lost Commo Lost Commo ProceduresProcedures Encountering Encountering

VMC conditionsVMC conditions•During VMC flight conditions

•Maintain VMC•Land as soon as practicable•Notify ATC

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo Procedures Route SelectionRoute Selection

•During IMC flight During IMC flight conditionsconditions

•As assignedAs assigned•ExpectedExpected•FiledFiled•VectorsVectors

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo ProceduresRoute: As assigned – Route: As assigned –

Proceed as directed in Proceed as directed in the last ATC clearance the last ATC clearance receivedreceived

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo ProceduresRoute: Radar Vector – Route: Radar Vector –

Proceed by a direct route from Proceed by a direct route from the point of radio failure to the point of radio failure to

the fix, route or airway the fix, route or airway specified in the vector specified in the vector

clearanceclearance

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo Procedures Route: (None Assigned) - Proceed by the route ATC has

advised may be expected in a further clearance

OR: In the absence of an assigned route

or a route that ATC has advised may be expected in a further clearance, proceed by the route filed in the flight plan.

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo ProceduresAltitudesAltitudes

In IMC flight conditions, the altitude maintained shall be the HIGHEST of

•Last Assigned

•Expected

•Minimum IFR altitude for the route segment being flown

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Lost Commo AltitudesLost Commo Altitudes

30003000*2500*2500 30003000 70007000 50005000

30003000*2500*2500

AA BB CC DD EE FF

XX

Fly at the Fly at the HighestHighest of the Following for the Route of the Following for the Route Segment:Segment:

A. The Altitude Assigned in the Last ATC Clearance A. The Altitude Assigned in the Last ATC Clearance ReceivedReceived

B. The Minimum Altitude For IFR Operation (e.g. MEA B. The Minimum Altitude For IFR Operation (e.g. MEA MOCA)MOCA)

C.C. The Altitude ATC has Advised may be expected in a The Altitude ATC has Advised may be expected in a furtherfurther

clearanceclearance

““Army 12345 Climb and maintain 4000 expect 6000 Army 12345 Climb and maintain 4000 expect 6000 at Bravoat Bravo.”.”

40004000

6000600070007000

60006000 60006000

XXMCA MCA 70007000

MCA MCA 70007000

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Lost Commo AltitudesLost Commo Altitudes

30003000 30003000 70007000 50005000 30003000*2500*2500

AA BB CC DD EE FF

XX

Fly at the Fly at the HighestHighest of the Following for the Route Segment: of the Following for the Route Segment:

A. The altitude assigned in the last ATC clearance receivedA. The altitude assigned in the last ATC clearance receivedB. The minimum altitude For IFR operation (e.g. MEA MOCA)B. The minimum altitude For IFR operation (e.g. MEA MOCA)C. The Altitude ATC has advised may be expected in a further C. The Altitude ATC has advised may be expected in a further clearanceclearance

40004000 40004000

7000700050005000

40004000

““Army 12345 climb and maintain Army 12345 climb and maintain 4000. Expect 2500 at Echo.”4000. Expect 2500 at Echo.”

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MCA MCA 70007000

MCA MCA 70070000

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DISNEY109.2 DSY

PRINCE112.1 PNC

SNEZYSNEZYSNOW WHITE

111.6 SNW DOPEYDOPEY

GRUMPGRUMPSLEPYSLEPY

30030000

XX

3000300040004000 40004000

6000600050005000

COMMCOMMO LOSTO LOST

26026000 380380

00 40040000

30003000

60006000

XX

5000500022002200

40004000

““Army 12345 climb and Army 12345 climb and maintain 3000. Expect maintain 3000. Expect

4000 at Slepy.4000 at Slepy.

MCA MCA 60006000

MCA MCA 60006000

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DISNEY109.2 DSY

PRINCE112.1 PNC

SNEZYSNOW WHITE

111.6 SNW DOPEY

GRUMPSLEPY

30003000 XX

60006000 60006000 60006000 60006000 60006000

COMMO COMMO LOSTLOST

26002600 38003800 40004000

60006000

60006000

XX

500050002200

60006000


4000 at Slepy.4000 at Slepy.

MCA MCA 60006000 MCA MCA

60006000

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DISNEY109.2 DSY

PRINCE112.1 PNC

SNEZYSNEZYSNOW WHITE

111.6 SNW DOPEYDOPEY

GRUMPGRUMPSLEPYSLEPY

20002000 XX

20002000

38003800 40004000

6000600050005000

COMMO COMMO LOSTLOST

26002600 38038000 400400

00

30003000

MCA MCA 60006000

XX

50050000

22002200

30003000


3000 at Grump.”3000 at Grump.”

MCA MCA 60006000

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CAIRNS 111.2 OZR

EUFAULA109.2 EUF

MONTGOMERY112.1 MGM

BANBI

WIREGRASS111.6 RRS

CLIOS

SHADY

• Clearance •“ATC clears

Army 12345 to the Montgomery Airport as filed. On departure climb and maintain 2000. Expect 4000 at Banbi……….”

• Amended Clearance

•“Army 12345 climb and maintain 3000.”

If a subsequent altitude clearance does not include the “expect 4000”, issued previously, the expected altitude clearance is considered cancelled.

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QUESTIONS?

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Lost Commo ProceduresLost Commo Procedures• Clearance Limit:

– When the clearance limit is a fix from which an approach begins:•Commence descent and approach as close as possible to the EFC if one has been received.

•If an EFC has not been received commence descent and approach as close as possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed or amended ETA.

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CLEARANCE LIMIT -

A fix from which an approach

begins (IAF)

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CLEARANCE LIMIT -

Wiregrass VORTAC

EFC time - 16:15Arrival time - 16:06Destination -

Cairns

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CLEARANCE CLEARANCE LIMIT - Cairns LIMIT - Cairns

VORVOR

EFC time EFC time - 16:15- 16:15Arrival Arrival time - time - 16:1816:18

DestinatioDestination -Cairnsn -Cairns

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CLEARANCE CLEARANCE LIMITLIMIT - Cairns - Cairns

VORVOR

EFC time EFC time - None- NoneArrival Arrival time - time - 16:1016:10ETA - ETA - 16:2016:20

DestinatioDestination - Cairnsn - Cairns

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Lost Communications Lost Communications ProceduresProcedures

• Clearance Limit– When the clearance limit is not a fix from which

the approach begins:

• Leave the clearance limit at the EFC time if one has been received.

• If an EFC has not been received, proceed to a fix from which the approach begins and commence descent and approach as close as possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed flight plan or as amended with ATC.

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Clearance limit - Shady Clearance limit - Shady IntersectionIntersectionEFC time - 20:45EFC time - 20:45Arrival time - 20:37Arrival time - 20:37

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Clearance limit - Shady Clearance limit - Shady IntersectionIntersectionEFC time - 20:45EFC time - 20:45Arrival time - 20:46Arrival time - 20:46

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Clearance limit - Shady Clearance limit - Shady IntersectionIntersectionEFC time - None receivedEFC time - None receivedArrival time - 20:40Arrival time - 20:40

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Original clearance limit – Montgomery AirportLast ATC instructions prior to commo loss: “Army 12345 cleared to Shady. Hold Southeast of Shady on Victor 7 Expect further clearance at 20:50.”Arrival time - 20:40

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Clearance limit – Montgomery AirportClearance limit – Montgomery AirportLast ATC instructions prior to commo Last ATC instructions prior to commo loss: “Army 12345 expect to hold at loss: “Army 12345 expect to hold at Shady”.Shady”.Arrival time - 20:40Arrival time - 20:40

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If the clearance limit is a fix from which an approach begins AND holding is necessary, hold as follows:

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• Terminal Holding fix:– If arriving at the approach fix before the

ETA hold until the ETA as calculated from the filed flight plan or amended with ATC:•Arrival Holding Pattern•Holding Pattern in lieu of Procedure Turn

•On the final approach course on the Procedure Turn side

•On the arrival course

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Arrival Holding Pattern

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Holding Pattern in Lieu of

Procedure Turn

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Holding on the Final

Approach Course

Procedure Turn Side

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If more than one approach fix is

available, the pilot may choose the one most appropriate for the situation, as ATC

protects airspace at all of them.

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QUESTIONS?

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At Destination MAP - Runway or Runway

Environment NOT in sight

Uh-Oh!(This is definitely NOT your day!)

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Alternate Routing and ETEAlternate Routing and ETEBegin at the Missed Approach PointTo the missed approach holding pointOne holding pattern (for fuel planning)Then by the most direct reasonable routing to the IAF at the alternatePLUS the approach at the alternate.

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Routing to the Alternate

Destination - Eufaula

Alternate - Dothan

Fly to alternate using the MEA appropriate for the route segment being flown.

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No reasonably No reasonably direct airway direct airway

routing availablerouting available

Determine Minimum Altitude Determine Minimum Altitude for IFRfor IFR

Routing to the AlternateDestination – AndalusiaAlternate - Cairns

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Lost Commo during Radar Lost Commo during Radar ApproachApproach

•If no transmissions are heard in the time specified by the controller:

•1. Attempt contact on alternate frequency.•2. If unable, maintain VMC - or -•3. Execute the lost commo procedures as previously directed by ATC.•4. If no altitude was specified, climb to MSA or ESA.

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• Altimeter Settings:Altimeter Settings:– If able obtain the destination If able obtain the destination

altimeter setting from ATIS.altimeter setting from ATIS.– If not able to obtain the If not able to obtain the

destination altimeter setting use destination altimeter setting use the minimum altimeter setting the minimum altimeter setting forecasted for the destination forecasted for the destination from the DD Form 175-1.from the DD Form 175-1.

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Special Military Procedures

Aircraft on a flight in which a Aircraft on a flight in which a delay enroute is planned will delay enroute is planned will commence descent at the commence descent at the destination at the estimated destination at the estimated time of arrival derived from the time of arrival derived from the estimated time enroute estimated time enroute plus plus any delay for which an ATC any delay for which an ATC clearance has been received.clearance has been received.

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QUESTIONS?

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Consider an Alternate Consider an Alternate Career and talk on a CB Career and talk on a CB

radio without all those silly radio without all those silly rules!!!rules!!!Every day is a new gear-jamming, double

clutching,air horn blasting, pedal to the metal adventure!

DIAL 1-800-BIG-TRUKDIAL 1-800-BIG-TRUK

No initial contact. No position reports. No compulsory reporting points. No worries about those pesky mandatory altitudes, and Smokey’s the only radar you need to sweat!!!

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LOST COMMO