Long Term Evolution (LTE) Tutorials

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) Tutorials

http://www.eventhelix.com/lte/lte-tutorials.htm[29/10/2010 13:42:28]

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Long Term Evolution Presentations with AudioRohde & Schw arz 's presentations provide an excellent introduction to LTE. The presentations are accompanied with an audio narration. The topics covered are:

LTE In t roduct ion

Motivations for LTE

LTE market and background

Requirements

LTE Techno logy Basics I , I I and I I I

Parameters and frequency bands

OFDM and OFDMA

Downlink and frame structure

SC-FDMA and PAPR

LTE/SAE Network architectureUser plane control and user plane

Channel Mapping

UE categories

LTE Rad io Procedures I

Initial Access and Cell Search

Downlink signals

System Information

Random Access Procedures

PDCCH and Hybrid ARQ

EPS Bearer setup

LTE Rad io Procedures I I

Uplink Scheduling and Frequency Hopping

PUSCH and PUCCHLTE Rad io Procedures I I I

Mobility Procedures

MIMO

Downlink transmit chain and MIMO

Uplink MIMO

READ

Voice over LTE via Generic Access (VoLGA) Whitepaper
http://www.eventhelix.com/http://www.eventhelix.com/EventStudio/http://www.eventhelix.com/VisualEtherhttp://www.eventhelix.com/RealtimeMantrahttp://www.eventhelix.com/contact_us.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/default.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/RealtimeMantrahttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/tutorial/web-presentation.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/tutorial/web-presentation.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/RealtimeMantrahttp://www.eventhelix.com/default.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/contact_us.htmhttp://www.eventhelix.com/RealtimeMantrahttp://www.eventhelix.com/VisualEtherhttp://www.eventhelix.com/EventStudio/http://www.eventhelix.com/http://www.eventhelix.com/


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Excerpt from the paper: "Voice over LTE via Generic Access Network, or VoLGA for short, which is defined by the

VoLGA forum2. Here, the concept is to connect the already existing Mobile Switching Centers to the LTE network via a

gateway. As no fallback to a legacy network is required, call setup times are not increased and the user's quality of

experience is consistent with that of the 2G or 3G voice environment.

VoLGA is based on the existing 3GPP Generic Access Network (GAN) standard, which is deployed for example by T-

Mobile in the US and Orange in France. The purpose of GAN is to extend mobile services over a generic IP access

network. One of the popular applications of GAN is with Wi-Fi-enabled phones. With GAN-based dual-mode mobile

phones, all services are either available over their GSM networks as usual, or over Wi-Fi at home or in public places.

Moving between the two network technologies is fully transparent to the user."

READ

Long Term Evolution (LTE): an introduction
http://cm-networks.de/volga-a-whitepaper.pdfhttp://cm-networks.de/volga-a-whitepaper.pdfhttp://cm-networks.de/volga-a-whitepaper.pdf


3/20



This paper from Er icsson covers the following topics:

A projection of future growth in wireless broadband

LTE architectureA brief introduction to OFDM and SC-FDMA

READ

LTE: The Evolution of Mobile Broadband
http://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/whitepapers/lte_overview.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/whitepapers/lte_overview.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/whitepapers/lte_overview.pdf


4/20



This article provides an overview of the LTE radio interface, recently approved by the 3GPP, together with a more in-

depth description of its features such as spectrum flexibility, multi-antenna transmission, and inter-cell interference

control. The performance of LTE and some of its key features is illustrated with simulation results. The article is

concluded with an outlook into the future evolution of LTE.

READ

LTE Link Layer Design
http://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/atsp/lte_the_evolution_of_mobile_broadband.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/atsp/lte_the_evolution_of_mobile_broadband.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/atsp/lte_the_evolution_of_mobile_broadband.pdf


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The LTE radio interface for 3GPP Release 8 was specified recently. This article describes the LTE link-layer protocols,

which abstract the physical layer and adapt its characteristics to match the requirements of higher layer protocols.The

LTE link-layer protocols are optimized for low delay and low overhead and are simpler than their counterparts in

UTRAN. The state -of-the-art LTE protocol design is the result of a careful crosslayer approach where the protocols

interact with each other efficiently. This article provides a thorough overview of this protocol stack, including the sub-

layers and corresponding interactions in between them, in a manner that is more intuitive than in the respective 3GPP

specifications.

READ

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking:

Special Issue on LTE and LTE Advanced
http://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/wireless_access/IEEE-Com-Mag-April-2009-LTE-SAE-Rel-8-link-layer-design.pdfhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/si.7.htmlhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/wireless_access/IEEE-Com-Mag-April-2009-LTE-SAE-Rel-8-link-layer-design.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/journal_conference_papers/wireless_access/IEEE-Com-Mag-April-2009-LTE-SAE-Rel-8-link-layer-design.pdf


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The special issue on LTE and LTE advanced contains articles covering the following topics:

LTE and LTE Advanced MIMO

Downlink scheduling of multiclass Traffic

Diversity techniques for Single Carrier Packet Retransmission

Note : The website also contains a link for downloading the PDF containing the entire special issue.

READ

Overview of 3GPP Long Term Evolution Physical Layer

This article from Freesca le provides an excellent introduction to the LTE physical layer. The topics covered are:

LTE basic concepts and an introduction to OFDM

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)

SC-FDMA

LTE generic frame structureLTE physical channels

Downlink and Uplink Transport channels

READ

Long Term Evolution Protocol Stack Overview
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/si.7.htmlhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/3GPPEVOLUTIONWP.pdfhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/3GPPEVOLUTIONWP.pdfhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/3GPPEVOLUTIONWP.pdfhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/si.7.html


7/20



This paper provides an introduction to how the LTE protocol stack operates. Because the final 3GPP specification will cover

tens of thousands of pages, this paper touches only on the highest levels of protocol operation. The paper discusses the

history and application requirements that determine the functions and priorities of LTE, examines the protocol stack in terms

of the time domain and in terms of information moving through the stack, and finally discusses more specialized aspects of

the standard such as scheduling and quality of service, management and control functions, handovers and power save

operation.

READ

Proof of Concept Implementation of Long Term Evolution (Thesis)

Thesis covers a proof of concept LTE system. User plane handling is covered in detail. The following topics are covered:

Introduction to LTE

OFDM and SC-FDMA

RLC/MAC, PDCP and RRC

S1 Interface

LTE Prototype

System architecture and implementation concepts.

READ

Key Features of the LTE Radio Interface
http://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/LTEPTCLOVWWP.pdfhttp://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1617/2007/246/LTU-EX-07246-SE.pdfhttp://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1617/2007/246/LTU-EX-07246-SE.pdfhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/LTEPTCLOVWWP.pdfhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/LTEPTCLOVWWP.pdfhttp://www.freescale.com/files/wireless_comm/doc/white_paper/LTEPTCLOVWWP.pdf


8/20



This article from Er icsson presents some of the key features of the radio interface for LTE (long-term evolution), recently approved by 3GPP. LTE enables

unprecedented performance in terms of peak data rates, delay, and spectrum efficiency.

The authors discuss spectrum flexibility, multi-antenna technologies, scheduling, link adaptation, power control, and retransmission handling.

READ

Spectrum Analysis for Future LTE Deployments

This article from Motoro la talks about current and future spectrum allocations for LTE.
http://www.ericsson.com/ericsson/corpinfo/publications/review/2008_02/files/6_LTE.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTESpectrumAnalysisWhitePaper.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/ericsson/corpinfo/publications/review/2008_02/files/6_LTE.pdfhttp://www.ericsson.com/ericsson/corpinfo/publications/review/2008_02/files/6_LTE.pdf


9/20



Potential redeployment of GSM and other legacy services are also covered.

READ

Long Term Evolution (LTE): Overview of LTE Air-Interface Technical White Paper

Motoro la gives an overview of the LTE air interface in this article. The main areas covered are:

LTE performance requirements

Downlink and uplink control channels

Simulation results and capacity

READ

Long Term Evolution (LTE): A Technical Overview
http://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTESpectrumAnalysisWhitePaper.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTEAirInterfaceWhitePaper.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTEAirInterfaceWhitePaper.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTEAirInterfaceWhitePaper.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTESpectrumAnalysisWhitePaper.pdf


10/20



This article from Motoro la provides a good overview of LTE. The following are covered:

LTE Architecture

Evolved Radio Access Network (RAN)

Serving Gateway (SGW)

Mobility Management Entity (MME)

Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW)

LTE Protocol Stacks

Control Plane Stack:

User Plane Stack

Mobility Management

Evolved Multicast Broadcast Multimedia Services (E-MBMS)

READ

Technical Overview of 3GPP LTE
http://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTETechnicalOverview.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTETechnicalOverview.pdfhttp://business.motorola.com/experiencelte/pdf/LTETechnicalOverview.pdf


11/20



A technical presentation about LTE.

READ

3GPP LTE Medium Access Control (MAC) Sub-Layer Presentation

A presentation describing the MAC Sub-Layer of LTE. The following topics are covered:

Logical, Transport and Physical Channels

Random Access Procedure

DL-SCH and UL-SCH Data Transfer
http://hgmyung.googlepages.com/3gppLTE.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-MAC.pdfhttp://hgmyung.googlepages.com/3gppLTE.pdfhttp://hgmyung.googlepages.com/3gppLTE.pdf


12/20



READ

3GPP LTE Radio Link Control (RLC) Sub-Layer Presentation

A presentation describing the Radio Link Control (RLC) Sub-Layer of LTE. The following topics are covered:

RLC sub layer functions and interactions with other layers

RLC transparent (TMD), unacknowledged (UMD) and acknowledged (AMD) modes

Unacknowledged mode handling and state variables

Acknowledged mode handling and state variables

TMD, UMD and AMD PDU formats

READ

3GPP LTE Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Sub-Layer Presentation
http://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-MAC.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-RLC.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-RLC.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-RLC.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-MAC.pdf


13/20



A presentation describing the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Sub-Layer of LTE. The following topics are covered:

PDCP sub layer functions and interactions with other layers

Robust Header Compression (RoHC)

RoHC Modes (U-Mode, O-Mode and R -Mode

RoHC Compressor and Decompressor States in different modes

PDCP PDU formats

Control and User Plane PDUs

PDCP Fields

READ

Dynamic Radio Resource Management in 3GPP LTE

L T E l i (LTE) T i l
http://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-PDCP.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-PDCP.pdfhttp://www.eventhelix.com/lte/presentations/3GPP-LTE-PDCP.pdf


14/20



Analysis of different radio resource management and frequency reuse techniques in LTE.

READ

Comparison of Channel Dependent Scheduling Policies in LTE Uplink

In this paper, three scheduling schemes are evaluated in different scenarios for SC-FDMA used in LTE uplink, First maximum expansion and recursive maximum expansion are powerful in terms of gain over round

robin but suffers from poor fairness results, Search-Tree Based Algorithm guarantees same amount of bandwidth for each user and yet improve the performance by factor 0.5 up to 1.2. Search-Tree Based allows

adaptive computational complexity by introducing variable number of best branches to be stored in the search procedure..

READ

MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced

L T E l ti (LTE) T t i l
http://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/c858bf5b4979a6b3c1257552004262f6/$file/Sajid_Hussain_MSc_Thesis_Report.pdfhttp://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~ee695n/projects/Khalid_Tahboub.pdfhttp://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~ee695n/projects/Khalid_Tahboub.pdfhttp://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~ee695n/projects/Khalid_Tahboub.pdfhttp://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/c858bf5b4979a6b3c1257552004262f6/$file/Sajid_Hussain_MSc_Thesis_Report.pdfhttp://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/c858bf5b4979a6b3c1257552004262f6/$file/Sajid_Hussain_MSc_Thesis_Report.pdf


15/20



Majority of the world's operators and vendors are already committed to LTE deployments and developments, making

LTE the market leader in the upcoming evolution to 4G wireless communication systems. Multiple input multiple output

(MIMO) technologies introduced in LTE such as spatial multiplexing, transmit diversity, and beamforming are key

components for providing higher peak rate at a better system efficiency, which are essential for supporting future

broadband data service over wireless links.

READ

MIMO Transmissions for LTE and HSPA Networks

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/302092.htmlhttp://www.3gamericas.org/documents/Mimo_Transmission_Schemes_for_LTE_and_HSPA_Networks_June-2009.pdfhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/302092.htmlhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2009/302092.html


16/20



For over a decade universities and wireless research labs have been combining multiple antenna

transmission techniques with advanced signal processing algorithms to create what is sometimes called smart-antenna

and is also known as multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology. These schemes are now moving into mainstream

communication systems. Indeed, MIMO technologies can already be found in wireless local area network access points

(e.g. 802.11n based solutions). This has led to MIMO being standardized in WiMAX as well as in 3GPP Rel-6 and Rel-

7 of the UTRAN (HSPA) specifications. Further, Rel-8 of the E-UTRAN (LTE) 3GPP specifications, completed in March

2009, included the most advanced forms of MIMO in any standard in the industry. And even more advanced MIMO

enhancements are currently being studied for inclusion in 3GPP Rel-9 and Rel-10.

READ

SAE - The Core Network for LTE

Presentation from Ericsson describing the evolution of the LTE Core Network.

http://www.3gamericas.org/documents/Mimo_Transmission_Schemes_for_LTE_and_HSPA_Networks_June-2009.pdfhttp://www.3g4g.co.uk/Lte/SAE_Pres_0804_Ericsson.pdfhttp://www.3gamericas.org/documents/Mimo_Transmission_Schemes_for_LTE_and_HSPA_Networks_June-2009.pdfhttp://www.3gamericas.org/documents/Mimo_Transmission_Schemes_for_LTE_and_HSPA_Networks_June-2009.pdf


17/20



READ

EPS Architecture Explained

GTP Overview

http://www.3g4g.co.uk/Lte/SAE_Pres_0804_Ericsson.pdfhttp://www.3g4g.co.uk/Lte/SAE_Pres_0804_Ericsson.pdf


18/20



LTE and Voice

IMS and LTE



19/20



LTE Signal Demonstration

LTE Presentation



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Long Term Evolution (LTE) Tutorials