1

LTE Advanced—Leading in chipsets and

evolution

August 2013

2

LTE Advanced: Leading in chipsets and evolution

A key enabler to the 1000x

mobile data challenge 1

Brings more capacity out

of small cells and enables hyper-dense HetNets

2

Brings carrier aggregation—first

launch powered by Qualcomm SnapdragonTM

3

Continues to evolve and

expand into new areas Device to device, backhaul, broadcast, higher bands and more

4

3

Different dimensions of improvements—most gain from HetNets

Leverage HetNets With advanced interference management (eICIC/IC)

Leverage more antennas

Downlink MIMO up to 8x8, enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4. Coordinated multipoint (CoMP)

Higher spectral

efficiency (bps/Hz)

Higher spectral

efficiency per coverage area (bps/Hz/km2)

Leverage wider bandwidth Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands

Primarily higher

data rates (bps)

MIMO LTE

Advanced

Small Cell

Aggregated Data Pipe

Up to

100 MHz

LTE Carrier #3

LTE Carrier #1

LTE Carrier #4

LTE Carrier #2

LTE Carrier #5

4

First Carrier Aggregation launched June 2013—powered

by SnapdragonTM 800

Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies Inc.

5

Carrier aggregation launched—key to enabling 150 Mbps

Carrier aggregation is the first step of LTE Advanced

Enables 150 Mbps peak data rates for typical 10MHz + 10MHz deployments

World’s first launch powered by Qualcomm Technologies’ 3rd generation Gobi modem

8974 LTE Advanced

MDM 9x25 LTE Advanced

Downlink (Interband)

10 MHz + 10 MHz

Uplink

10 MHz

Band X Band X Band Y

Snapdragon 800

Note: Snapdragon 800 includes 8974, which integrates our third generation Gobi LTE modem, but Gobi modems are also offered as a standalone modem product

DL LTE Carrier

DL LTE Carrier

UL LTE Carrier

World’s first mobile device with LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation

powered by Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ 800 June 2013

Aggregated

Data Pipe

Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

6

Carrier Aggregation—fatter pipe to enhance user experience

Aggregated

Data Pipe Up to

100 MHz Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

LTE Carrier #3

LTE Carrier #1

LTE Carrier #4

LTE Carrier #2

LTE Carrier #5

Higher peak

data rates

1The typical bursty nature of usage, such as web browsing, means that aggregated carriers can support more users at the same response (user experience) compared to two individual carriers, given that the for carriers are partially loaded which is typical

in real networks. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users (less loaded carrier) but less for many users. For completely loaded carrier, there is limited capacity gain between individal carriers and aggregated carriers,

Higher user data rates

and lower latencies for all users

More capacity for

typical ‘bursty’ usage1

Leverages all

spectrum assets

7

Carrier aggregation leverages all spectrum assets

Aggregate fragmented LTE spectrum within a band

or across bands to create a fatter data pipe

Better use of lower spectrum band’s wider coverage

Aggregate unpaired spectrum for more downlink capacity—supplemental downlink

Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by small cell, carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower power around macrocell. Frequency domain interference management (carrier aggregation) can be combined with eICIC (time domain coordination) interference mgnt 1Aggregation of either FDD or TDD from 3GPP R10 , aggregation of FDD and TDD within the same node and different nodes (multiflow) are 3GPP R12 candidates

Enhances HetNets

with multiple carriers

7

LT

E C

arrie

r #3

LT

E C

arrie

r #1

LT

E C

arrie

r #4

LT

E C

arrie

r #2

LT

E C

arrie

r #5

Macro

Carrier 2

Smal cell Small cell

Carrier 1

Aggregate within or across bands (FDD or/and TDD)1

e.g. 10 MHz e.g. 10 MHz

Supplemental Downlink (FDD)

e.g. 2.6 GHz

e.g. 800 MHz

e.g. 700MHz

Balances load across carriers

Aggregated

Data Pipe

e.g. 10 MHz

8

Load (Mbps)

Us

er

ex

pe

rie

nc

e

Bursty data applications

Carrier aggregation increases capacity for typical network load

1Carrier aggregation doubles burst rate for all users in the cell, which reduces over-the-air latency ~50%, but if the user experience is kept the same (same burst rate), multicarrier can instead support more users for partially loaded carriers. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users

(less loaded carrier) but less for many users (starting to resemble full buffer with limited gain). Source: Qualcomm simulations, 3GPP simulation framework, FTP traffic model with 1MB file size, 57 macro cells wrap -around, 500m ISD (D1), 2x2 MIMO, TU3, NLOS, 15 degree downtilt 2GHz spectrum.,

Carrier aggregation capacity gain

Data bursts

Idle time

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0 3 6 9 12 15

2 10MHz Single Carriers

10MHz + 10MHz Carrier Aggregation

Partially loaded

carriers

Burst Rate (normalized)

6 12 18 24 30

Capacity gain can exceed 2x (for same user experience)1

9

Qualcomm positioned to lead in LTE carrier aggregation

Q2 2012 Q1 2013 Future

33 CA combinations

45 CA combinations

60+ CA combinations?

More spectrum

> 20 MHz aggregation

3 carrier DL aggregation

2 carrier UL aggregation

TDD + FDD aggregation

24 9 Inter-band Intra-band

34 11 Inter-band Intra-band

Key to high data rates while

maximizing use of fragmented spectrum

45+ band combinations are being

identified in 3GPP

Components/configurations of the type(s) mentioned in this slide are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries..

10

Advanced multiple antenna techniques for more capacity

11

More antennas—large gain from receive diversity

Downlink

Diversity,

MIMO

4 Way

Receive

Diversity (+ 2 x 2 MIMO)

Note: LTE Advanced R10 and beyond adds up to 8x8 Downlink MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4. Simulations: 3GPP framework, 21 macro cells wrap-around, 500m ISD (D1), 10MHz FDD, carrier freq 2GHz, 25 UEs per cell, TU 3km/h, full-buffer traffic, no imbalance or correlation among antennas. 2x4 MIMO used for receive diversity gain of 1.7x compared to 2x2 MIMO, similarly 2x3 diversity provides a 1.3x gain over 2x2 MIMO

MAINSTREAM

COMMERCIAL

LARGE GAIN,

NO STANDARDS OR

NETWORK IMPACT

Device

1.7x

1x 2 x 2 MIMO

Relative spectral efficiency NodeB

12

Coordinated

scheduling

Coordinated

beamforming Joint

transmission

Leverage multiple antennas with fiber installations

Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) progression for more capacity and better user experience

Remote Radio Head (RRH) Macro

Remote Radio Head (RRH)

Note: CoMP enabled by TM9 or TM10 transmission modes in the device and network. Picture focuses on downlink CoMP techniques, CoMP also applies to the uplink

Central

processing/scheduling (requires low latency fiber)

Same or different cell identity across multiple cells

Remote Radio Head (RRH)

13

It’s not just about adding small cells — LTE Advanced brings even more capacity and enables hyper-dense HetNets1 1By applying advanced interference management to HetNets, a.k.a eICIC/IC

Higher capacity, network load balancing, enhanced user experience, user fairness

Small cell

Range Expansion

14

Increased network capacity and enhanced user experience

Macro+ 4 Picos

Macro Only

Data rate improvement2

2.8X

Macro+ 4 Picos

1.4X

1X

LT

E R

8 LT

E R

8

LT

E A

dv

an

ce

d

wit

h R

an

ge

Exp

an

sio

n

Small cell

Range Expansion (eICIC/IC)

1By applying advanced interference management to HetNets. 2Median downlink data rate. Assumptions: 4 Picos added per macro and 33% of users dropped in clusters closer to picos (hotspots) : 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD. Advanced interference management:

enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM1Similar gain for the uplink

15

More users benefit from small cells with range expansion

Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1And enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning. Standards name eICIC: Enhanced

inter-cell interference coordination 2For uniform, random user distribution

Range expansion

6% 12% 26%

37%

57%

82%

2 4 10

Number of Picos per Macro Cell

Range Expansion

LTE R8

More users on small cell2

better macro offload

Enabled By:

Adaptive Resource Partitioning (eICIC)1

Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation (IC)

Small cell

16

The Secret Sauce

Advanced Interference Management (eICIC/IC)

Advanced

receiver devices

(IC)2

Full backward

compatibility

(ABS)3

Adaptive

resource partitioning

(eICIC)1

1eICIC (R10) and FeICIC (R11) stands for (Further) enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination 2IC (R11) stands for Interference Cancellation 3ABS (R10) is to continue to transmit overhead channels in ‘Almost Blank Subframes’ to support legacy devices

17

Adaptive resource partitioning (eICIC):

Macro

Small

Cells

Macro

Small

Cells

Macro

Small

Cells

Time

eICIC (R10) stands for enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination (coordination in the time domain). Also need enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource

partitioning.

18

To discover

Small Cells

To enable higher

data rates

To enable full

range expansion

Advanced receiver devices with interference cancellation Cancelling overhead channels benefits all deployment scenarios,

but most gain together with network interference coordination (eICIC)

Device interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal(CRS) . Performance requirements part of 3GPP R11

19

Our Over-The-Air HetNet

Macrocells and picocells in a co-channel

deployment since March 2011

Demonstrating pico discovery and range expansion with mobility since 2012

Opportunistic Hetnets with full VoIP

mobility demonstrated since 2013

Our LTE Advanced testbed today—your network tomorrow

Evaluating the design and features to realize the full benefits of heterogeneous networks

20

LTE Advanced is a key enabler to the 1000x

mobile data challenge

21

LTE Advanced is a key enabler to the 1000x data challenge

1000x

Note: neighborhood small cells and ASA are not covered in this presentation, see www.qualcomm.com/hetNets and www.qual;comm.com/spectrum for more details.

Hetnets with eICIC/IC

interference management

New deployment models, e.g.

neighborhood small cells

Continue to evolve LTE:

Multiflow, Hetnets enhancements

Opportunistic HetNets

LTE Direct for proximity services

LTE Broadcast

Carrier Aggregation (TDD and FDD)

Authorized Shared Access (ASA)

Higher spectrum bands (esp. TDD)

22

1 Assumptions: Pico type of small cell, 10MHz@2GHz + 10MHz@3.6GHz,D1 scenario macro 500m ISD, uniform user distribution scenario. Gain is median throughput improvement, from baseline with macro only on 10MHz@2GH, part of gain is addition of 10MHz

spectrum. Users uniformly distributed—a hotspot scenario could provide higher gains. Macro and outdoor small cells sharing spectrum (co-channel)

Roadmap to 1000x: Capacity scales with small cells deployed

thanks to advanced interference management (eICIC/IC)

SMALL CELL SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

Capacity scales with small cells added1 LTE Advanced with 2x Spectrum added

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

SMALL CELL

+4 Small

Cells

~6X

+16 Small

Cells

~21X

+32 Small

Cells

~37X

~11X

+8 Small

Cells

LTE Advanced, showing what is possible now, add spectrum and

improved techniques for gradual increase towards 1000x

23

LTE expanding

into new areas

LTE Advanced continues to evolve and expand into new areas

Further enhancements—3GPP R12 and Beyond

M2M

enhancements

Tighter Wi-Fi

interworking

Enhanced

HetNets Such as Opportunistic HetNets,

Multiflow, next gen. advanced receivers

24

HetNets: combining multiple cells and technologies

Improved offload

to small cells

Efficient network

load balancing

Improved

mobility

Macro

Small Cell

WAN

‘Booster’

Across carriers1,

across FDD/TDD2

WAN

‘Anchor’

Across cells

—multiflow2

Interworking across

technologies3

Wi-Fi

‘Booster’

1 Carrier aggregation from R10 LTE within FDD or TDD. 2 Multiflow is a 3GPP R12 LTE candidate., as well as FDD and TDD aggregation. 3 RAN interworking across LTE, HSPA+ and Wi-Fi is a 3GPP R12 candidate.

25

HetNets: next generation advanced receivers

1Performance requirement added to 3GPP for cancellation of common signaling (PSS/SSS/PBCH/CRS) in Rel 10/11. 2Broad study on UE interference suppression with & without network assistance in 3GPP R12

LTE advanced can cancel

common signaling1

To mitigate interference—even

more beneficial in dense HetNets

Next step for LTE advanced:

further enhanced LTE receivers2

Interference Cancellation

Inter cell

interference Serving cell

26

Dense HetNets: opportunistic small cells

Device triggered small cells

(on/dormant)

Reduces energy

consumption

Reduces interference to

further improve capacity

Possible today1

1 Dormant small cells triggered by the presence of active devices in the vicinity

27

Tighter Wi-Fi—3G/4G interworking

Convergence of Cellular

and Wi-Fi Infrastructure

Combine Wi-Fi

and 3G/4G

1) Seamless Access—

Passpoint/Hotspot 2.01

2) Operator Deployed Wi-Fi

access managed via 3G/4G2

1 Passpoint is the WFA certified implementation of hotspot 2.0, (supported by QCA, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.), which enables a simpler, secure and seamless access to Wi-Fi networks. 2 Such as more dynamic control of which traffic to offload to Wi-Fi through device centric and/or network centric solutions. Standards enhancements for RAN network centric interworking approaches considered for R12 and beyond.

28

Low data rate

Small data size

Infrequent transmissions

/receptions

Limited power source

Machine to machine communication enhancements

FURTHER 3GPP R12

ENHANCEMENTS SUCH AS:

New low data-rate device category

Bundling and long repetitions

New dormant state

Reduced signaling Increased

battery life

Long range

Low cost

29

LTE evolving and expanding into new areas

LTE Direct: integrated device to

device discovery & communication

for proximity services

Backhaul solutions with

LTE waveform line of sight,

non line of sight, relays

Enhancements to

support much higher

spectrum bands

Dynamic LTE broadcast,

also going into areas

beyond mobile

~3.5 GHz

First step towards

higher bands

Same content

30

Summary: Qualcomm LTE advanced leadership

MDM 9x25 LTE Advanced

8974 LTE Advanced

Standards Leadership

A main contributor to key

LTE Advanced features

Major contributor for ITU

IMT-Advanced submission

Instrumental in driving eICIC/IC

Industry-first Demos

MWC 2011: Live HetNet Demo

MWC 2012: Live Over-The-Air HetNet

Demo with Mobility

MWC 2013: Live OTA opportunistic HetNet Demo with VoIP Mobility.

Authorized Shared Access (ASA) demo

Industry-first Chipsets

Third generation Gobi LTE modem

launched June 13’ with carrier aggregation in

Snapdragon 800

Snapdragon 800

Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

31

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Questions? - Connect with Us

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32

For more information on Qualcomm, visit us at:

www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog ©2013 QUALCOMM Incorporated and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved . Qualcomm, Snapdragon, and Gobi, are trademarks of QUALCOMM Incorporated, registered in

the United States and other countries.

References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsi diaries or business units within the

Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable.

Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of

Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of its

product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QMC.

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33

A strong LTE evolution path

Note: Estimated commercial dates.

LTE LTE Advanced DL: 73 – 150 Mbps1

UL: 36 – 75 Mbps1

(10 MHz – 20 MHz)

DL: 3 Gbps2

UL: 1.5 Gbps2

( Up to 100 MHz)

Commercial

2014 2013 2015 2016+

Rel-12 & Beyond Rel -10 Rel -9 Rel -8 Rel-11

FDD and TDD

support

Carrier Aggregation, relays,

HetNets (eICIC/IC), Adv MIMO

LTE Direct, Hetnets enhancements,

Multiflow, WiFi interworking,

Realizes full benefits of

HetNets (FeICIC/IC)

Enhanced voice fallback (CSFB),

VoLTE, LTE Broadcast (eMBMS)

1Peak rates for 10 MHz or 20 MHz FDD using 2x2 MIMO, standard supports 4x4 MIMO enabling peak rates of 300 Mbps. 2

Peak data rate can exceed 1 Gbps using 4x4 MIMO and at least 80 MHz of spectrum (carrier aggregation), or 3GBps with 8x8

MIMO and 100MHz of spectrum. Similarly, the uplink can reach 1.5Gbps with 4x4 MIMO.

Created 7/18/2013