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158781, 1, 2010
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1.0
: TEMPUS JPHES 158781
Occupational safety and health degree curricula and lifelong
learning .
. .
his project has been funded with support from the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author,
and the Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may be made of the information
contained therein.
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- . 161 (1985.);
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1,
( 21/2009..)
, .
: , ,
PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR SAFE WORK
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The goal is familiarizing with the provisions of the Regulation
on preventive measures
for safe and healthy work in the workplace (Official Gazette
21/2009).
The paper presents minimum requirements the employer must fulfil
in providing the
implementation of preventive measures for safe and healthy work
in the workplace with regard
to the employers duties, informing of the employees, and
collaboration of the employer and the employees.
Key words: preventive measures, workplace, safety at work
1.
, , , , , .
2.
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158781, 1, 2010
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158781, 1, 2010
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158781, 1, 2010
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4.
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158781, 1, 2010
30
4.:
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6.
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2. , , , , , , , 2008.
3. ***: (. , . 101/2005) 4. . , . , . , . ,
, , , 2008.
5. . , . , . , . , - OHSAS-, , 2008,
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158781, 1, 2010
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1,
, . , , .
: , , .
INVESTIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
WORKING CONDITIONS
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
This paper presents research methodology of microclimatic
factors, lighting and the
most widespread physical hazards respectively. For each of the
stated methodologies are given
characteristic parameters, allowed values according to
regulations valid in the Republic of
Serbia, and consequences occurring in persons exposed to
excessive values of the parameters.
Key words: microclimate, lighting, physical hazard.
1.
(. 101/05) , . . , .
, , , .
2.
1 , . 1
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41
, a :
, .
, 3 . (, ) , , .
100 m2 , a 100 m2 100 m2 .
15 0C, a 5
0C, ( , a,
.), . 1,2 m . ,
( ), 1, .
1:
+50C +50C +150C +150C
[
0C]
.
[%]
.
[m/s]
[
0C]
.
[%]
[m/s]
[
0C]
.
[%]
.
[m/s]
( . )
18-28 75 0,3 18-28 75 0,6 28
280 C55
260 C60
250 C65
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1. - , , ;
2. , , 2 kg;
3. , 20 kg.
3.
(, ) , , .
3.1.
, , .
. , , , , , , .
, , , , , .
:
c
pI
2
2
, (1)
p - , - c - . W/m2. , 1000 4000 Hz.
, 1000 Hz,
212
0 /10 mWI .
2/10 mW . , ()
:
n
i
Lieq
AiNN
L1
1,010
1log10 ,
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158781, 1, 2010
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eqL - dB(A), AiL - dB(A)
2, 3, 4 5 dB(A), iN - , N - n - .
.
. . , . 6,00 22,00 , 22,00 6,00 .
: 2
(, )
10dB(A)
85dB(A), a
,
( 2)
Tabela 2.:
.
dB (A)
a b v
1
85 85 80
2
; ;
80 75 70
3
. ,
75 70 60
4 , .
70 65 55
5
. .
- 60 50
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158781, 1, 2010
44
.
dB (A)
a b v
6
. , . (, .).
- 55 45
7
, , .
- - 40
8 Mentalni rad kao izrada koncepcija, rad vezan za veliku
odgovornost,
komuniciranje radi dogovora sa grupom ljudi. - - 35
9 . - 30
a . b - . c - ( , , , .)
JUS N. R6. 032- .
3.2.
, .
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3.1
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() , , 1-100 Hz
3.1, .
, , , , . .
.
4.
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: .
, :
- , - - .
. , . , , , (3350 K).
, 2100 - 2500
0C, 4-8 %
. , , .
.
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158781, 1, 2010
46
50z. .
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JUS U.C9.100:1963 6 , , , 4.1.
. 4.2.
4.1
-
158781, 1, 2010
47
(lx)
a b a b a b
30 50 - - - -
50 80 - - - -
80 150 30 50 150 300
150 300 50 80 300 600
300 600 80 150 600 1000
- - 150 300 > 600 1000
: "a" , "b"
.
4.2
,
(lx)
, , ,
30*, 50
50*, 80
50*, 80
80*,150
80*, 150
, ... ,
50
80
150
300
600
, , , , , ,
150
150
300
600
,
150
150
300
, , , ,
80
80
150
600
80
150
300
600
,
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158781, 1, 2010
48
,
(lx)
, , , , ,
150
300
600
* . 100% .
5.
,
. , , e , , .
6.
1. ***: , , . 101/05.
2. (. . . 94/2006)
3. ***: (. . . 94/2009)
4. ***: (. ''', . 53/88 54/88 , 28/95), (JUS U.C9.100/62)
5. ***: (. , 21/92)
6. , J..: I i II, , , 1998. 7. , . .: , ,
, 1982.
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1, 1
- . - - .
. , , , , - , .
: , , , .
PERIODICAL AND PREVENTIVE
EXAMINATION AND TESTING OF WORK EQUIPMENT
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The paper presents the prescribed methods and deadlines of
preventive and periodical
examination and testing of work equipment. Then, the algorithm
for the procedure of issuing
the certificate of accomplished examination and testing of work
equipment is formed and
discussed.
The aim is to systematize all actions necessary for high-quality
examination and
testing of work equipment. The expected result is enhancement of
safety awareness of
employers, employees, health and safety engineers, section
management, headpersons and
production unit leaders. The ultimate goal is to show that one
of the most important measures
for risk reduction is regular checking, examination and
maintenance of work equipment in good
repair at all times.
Key words: checking, examination and testing, certificate,
algorithm.
1.
, 1989. 89/391/, . -
1 , . 1
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57
- . .
-, , , . , - , . ,
. 1,2 ,
.
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, , , .
2.
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158781, 1, 2010
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, ,
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-
158781, 1, 2010
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- , , .
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158781, 1, 2010
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(. 1), :
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-
158781, 1, 2010
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158781, 1, 2010
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1:
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1:
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-
158781, 1, 2010
65
( , - , -),
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4.
. -. . (". ", . 53/88 54/88 -
. ". ", . 28/95) 5. , -
, - .
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, .9.003, .9.004, .5.051, .5.052 .5.056.
, - , () ( ) , - , .
, , - , . (. ) , , ., .
-
158781, 1, 2010
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1,5 mm2 , 2,5 mm2 . - - .
- . , - , , (. ).
- , .
1 .
, - .
- , - , , .
" " "- " .
- - , (". ", . 21/89) [6].
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- .
1 . 1 .
- . , , .
.
-
158781, 1, 2010
67
- , . - .
, , .
, 5 - .
, 2,5 m , 3,5 m , - 6 m .
1 , 2,5 m, .
.
5.
:
a ( ), -
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- ,
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(, , , ).
. , .
-
158781, 1, 2010
68
.
6.
- , / , , , . , - .
, . , / .
, , , .
100% . : . .
7.
1. , ., , .: - , - , , , , 2010, . 143-153.
2. ***: , , . 101/05.
3. ***: , , . 94/06 108/06..
4. -, ., , ., , .: - , , , 2009.
5. ***: (". ", . 53/88 54/88 - . ". ", . 28/95).
6. ***: , - (". ", . 21/89).
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1
:
. .
e . - : , , . .
: , , , , , - , , , , .
e , , .
, . .
: , , ,
RISK ASSESSMENT IN WORKPLACE AND IN WORKING
ENVIRONMENT
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The paper presents the method for risk assessment at the
workplace and in the working
environment, developed and applied in numerous projects by
experts from the Higher
Education Technical School in Novi Sad to fulfil the needs of
various users and clients.
All kinds of hazards, harms and psycho-physiological influences
have been covered in
a unique manner. Four groups of psycho-physiological risks,
namely motivation, knowledge
and ability level of an individual, communication, and support
from the management, are
considered. The same method has been used for both the workplace
and the working
environment.
1a a a , .1
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158781, 1, 2010
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Working environment is here defined as a different space: the
whole company, a
building, working and auxiliary rooms, production facilities,
open spaces, power transformer
plant, electricity distribution plant, a building site,
agricultural land, park, cemetery, and other
areas used for work.
This unique method, through quantitative risk indicators,
enables determination and
comparison of all potential risks, at every workplace and in
working environment alike.
Next, all measures diversely affecting risk reduction are given
in detail and in different
ways. The implementation of measures that are particularly
interesting and applicable in risk
management regarding processes in which hazardous chemical
agents are present is pointed out.
Key words: method, risk assessment, workplace, working
environment
1.
, . , , , , . . , :
- , , , ; -
; - ; - , ; - -
( ); - ; - .
A . ( ) , , emerging risk future risk.
, . - , .
. , .
-
-
158781, 1, 2010
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, .
a priori . , , . , , .
. .
. , - . - , : ( , , , , ), (, , , ), (x, , , , ), ( , , ( ), ,
).
. .
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, . .
, , .
2.
,,,, () . :
- - -
-
158781, 1, 2010
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- - .
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, , .
, , . , . , , , , , .
: - - - (
, ) - ,
. .
. , , , , , , , , , .
:
.
.
. . (R)
(), (D).
R = P x D (1)
-
158781, 1, 2010
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:
1. , , . : , . 1 25 , , () (1-5) (1-5). .
-
158781, 1, 2010
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2. , , .
3. , , . .
4. , , . , . , , . , , . , , , , . , , .
, , . , .
, . , .
,,,, ,,,,
3.
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, :
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-
158781, 1, 2010
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158781, 1, 2010
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4.
. , , .
.
:
: : - < 5 - 5 x < 50 - 50 x < 500 - x 500
, . , , , .
: : - - - - : ,
, :
R= V*F**B : ,
-
158781, 1, 2010
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: : :
( ). . .
a.
.
(V) /
0,06 0,39 1,16 2,53 50% 4,63 7,57 11,48 16,46
(F)
0,1
0,5 1,0
1,5
2,5
4,0
5,0
(),
/ / 0,1
/ //
0,5
/ 1,0
()/ -
2,0
() 4,0
, , () 6,0
, () 10,0
-
158781, 1, 2010
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(),
15,0
(B)
1 2 1
3 7 2
8 15 4
16 50 8
50 12
( ), :
Ri = V*F*Si*N
Ri , Si , .
b.
f(x) , , .
Ri = f(x)*F*Si*N
f(x) = 16,46 x 2,7 x = n/N,
f(x) ( V ) n- N-
.
c.
, , .
98-24- :
- ; -
; - ; - , ;
-
158781, 1, 2010
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- ; - .
d.
, , : , , , . (-), . - .
.
- : 31, 32, 33 34, , .
- , , , . ,
, , 0,1 , 0,5 , 1,0 , , 2,0
- : - -
- -
.
, .
5.
a.
98-24- - . , :
- -
-
158781, 1, 2010
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- - - -
- , , ,
b.
. , . .
: - , , - , - ,
. :
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. ,
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-
158781, 1, 2010
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, - .
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;
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6.
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-
158781, 1, 2010
88
- ; , ; , , - ; , ; , , .
-
; , , , - ; ; - , , ; , ; ; , , .
,
. . .
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; , ; ; .
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-
158781, 1, 2010
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- .
7.
, :
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8.
1. . , . , Application of risk assessment method in workplace
and working environment, pp 49 57, Safety and health in work and
inviromental protection, , 2009
2. , ., , ., , . (2006). - ,
-
158781, 1, 2010
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3. ., ., ., (2007) ,
4. , . , ., , . (2007). , , , . 44-57.
5. Harms-Ringdahl L., (2001) Safety analysis, principles and
practice in occupational safety, CRC Press
6. Macdonald D. (2004) Practical Machinery Safety, Integra
Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, Inidia
7. ., , ., ., . (2007) , , , , 2007, . 59 70.
8. , . (2007). , , , , 32-43.
9. ., .: Occupational health and safety risk assessment method,
17
th International Symposium ECOLOGY 2008, Sunny Beach
Resort, Bulgaria. 10. , . , ., (2008). -
, 1. - 2008, , .
11. ., - .: Risk Assessment of Information Technology System,
InSite 2009, USA
12. ., .: The Method of Risk Assessment at Workplace and Working
Enviroment in an Example of Metal Mechanical Processing Selection
of a Factory, ISIRR 2009, Romania, Hungary, Serbia
13. Stoneburner, G., Gougen, A., Feringa, A., (2002). Risk
management guide for information technology systems,
Recommendations of the Nationale Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) US.
14. Takala J. (1998) Global estimates of fatal occupational
accidents, Sixteenth International Conference of Labour
Statisticians, International Labour Office, Geneva
15. *** , , .36/09 16. *** The New CLP Regulation, EC (No)
1272/2008 17. *** 98/24/EZ 7. a 1998.
18. *** 80/1107/ ,
19. *** , . , 101/05
20. *** , . , .50/2003.
21. *** HSE Edited by Mara Menndez, Joan Benach, Occupational
Health Department, CC.OO. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona The
impact of
safety representatives on occupational health A European
perspective
2009.
22. ., . : , 2008.
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OHSAS 18001:2007
1
, , , , , OHSAS 18001: 2007. OHSAS ( - OH&S) OH&S
OH&S . c .
, . . OH&S , .
: , ,
BASIC INDICATORS OF OHSAS 18001 REQUIREMENTS
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
Purpose: Familiarising the students, responsible persons for
occupational safety and
health (OSH), productive and non-productive workers and all
other interested persons with the
OHSAS 18001 2007 Standard. The OHSAS Standard prescribes the
requirements for the
system of managing safety and health at work so that it enables
the enterprise to control the
OSH risks and to improve its OSH efficacy. The Standard doesn't
fully define all elements for
designing the management system and doesn't give specific
criteria for choosing the risk
assessment method.
The development of engineering, technology and economy enables
and requires the
improvement of life quality of all employees. An important
element of improving the quality of
life of people is the adoption and implementation of laws and
regulations in the area of OSH. In
order to both fulfil the required regulatory minimum and achieve
better efficiency of the
enterprise in accomplishing the high-level results in OSH policy
and goals, it is necessary to
continuously manage safety and risks, by applying good OSH
practice.
Key words: policy, OSH, standard
1 , . 1
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1.
"" OHSAS 18001 OHSAS 18002.
"" .
"" .
OH&S , OHSAS , .
OH&S ISO 9001 ISO 14001 .
18001 . .
1.1.
OHSAS 18001:2007 . .
OHSAS :
,
1. :
.
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, .
.
.
.
1, "PDCA" (Dijagram)
.
2.
OH&S
, " " , " "
OH&S OH&S OH&S
. ,
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.
. , , , , .
, .
() , / / .
() ( ) , .
,
, " ("near-hit", "close call") " "
, , OH&S ,
,
. :
, , , , .
OH&S
(OH&S)
( , ),
OH&S
OH&S OH&S .
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, ( ), , , ,
OH&S
;
OH&S , OH&S :
OH&S OH&S
OH&S
;
OH&S . OH&S
OH&S
;
OH&S
;
, , , , , , , ,
;
. ,
/;
;
;
( ) .
, ,
. , OH&S , , (. , , ), ,
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3.
OHSAS 18001 : 2007, , . OH&S , 2.
2.
OHSAS
OHSAS , , . :
OH&S
OH&S
OH&S
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3.1.
OH&S ,
.
:
:
1
.
/
OHSAS 18000 : 2007.
2
.
, / , .
3
.
, / , , , - .
4
.
/ , .
5
.
6
.
OH&S .
7
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OH&S
8
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:
4.
.
:
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, , , ,
, /,
.
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, , ( , / ).
, .
:
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5.
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:
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, , .
, , :
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( ) . . , ( / ), ( , , - ).
.
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. :
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6.
. :
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- , - .
.
, ,. , ( ), , , , .
. .
7.
, .
. , .
.
8.
***: OHSAS 18001:2007 ***: OHSAS 18002:2007 ***: 1. , , 2009
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OHSAS - -
1
OHSAS (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series)
18001:2007 . OHSAS , .
, OHSAS 18001:2007. OHSAS.
: OHSAS, , ,
HSS IMPLEMENTATION OF IMS, COMMON AND SPECIAL PROCEDURE
ELEMENTS
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The standard of OHSAS (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment
Series)
18001:2007 was developed as a tool that can enable assessment
and certification in the area of
health protection and safety at work. The paper shows the role
of the OHSAS standard in
implementing preventive measures and recommended measures for
risk assessment, as well as
the steps of planning when introducing the standard.
Furthermore, the paper discusses the requirements of the
standard and gives directions
for their fulfilment and implementation in real conditions, so
that this material is an instruction
for the implementation of the OHSAS 18001:2007 standard. It also
presents the rules of
procedure, procedures and instructions according to this OHSAS
standard.
Key words: OHSAS standard, risk, quality, safety and protection
at work
1. OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment System)
OH&S 1999. . , , ,
1 , . 1
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, , , , .
(OH&S), OH&S . / (ISO) .
2. OH&S 18001
, :
- /, (, , .);
- , ;
- , (, , .);
- , /.
, , , .
, , , .
2.1. BSI 18 001?
OHSAS 18001 . :
- ( , . , );
- ( , );
- ; - ( .); - , ,
; - ; - (); - PDCA; - ;
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- , ;
- , , ;
- / .
3. OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001 , .
OHSAS 18001 : , , . , ( ).
PDCA , 1.
X ,
,
.
.
.
.1: OHSAS 18001 ( PDCA )
4.
, . ,
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, .
, , , .
(OHSAS 18001)
5.
: , , , , .
:
- , ;
- ;
- ;
- , , , ;
- , ;
- ( ) , EN 292-1 .
- OHSAS BSI 18001, :
- OH&S , , OH&S
- , OH&S ,.
, , .
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5.1. OHSAS 18001
, , .2. OHSAS18001, OHSAS 18002 , .
,
, ,
PROVERA
,
. 2: OHSAS 18002- ,
6.
, . :
- ; - ; - . : - ; -
; - , . ; - ; - ; - ; - .
7. OH&S
,
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.
, , , / / .
OHSAS-a 18001 OH&S . .
8. OHSAS?
: 1. ,
; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ;
5. OH&S . 1,
, .
3 OH&S :
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Slika 4: OH&S
8.1.
, , . 18001:2007. , :
1 -
OHSAS-, . BSI 18001:2007 , , .
(Gap analysis Gep analiza), :
- ; - ; - ; - ;
( , , ,
, .)
( , ,
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(
)
(
)
( , , , ,
)
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- ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - .
2 - (, , , )
( ) e .
3 - OHSAS
: - ; - ; - .
4 -
, , , . :
- - / -
5 - OHSAS
, , OHSAS-a.
6 - OHSAS-a
OHSAS-a , .
, , :
- ; - (, , , , .); - ; - ; - ; - ;
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- ; - ; - (, , ); - ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - .
7 -
BSI 18001:2007. OHSAS- , . , , .
8 - OHSAS-a
. , .
9 OHSAS -a
, , . .
8.2.
"OHSAS 18001 ISO 9001:1994 () ISO 14001:1996 ( ) , , , ."
( OHSAS- 18001)
ISO 9001
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ISO 14001 .
8.2.1. ()
() . . ISO 9000:2000 ISO 14000:2004 . ISO 14001:2004 1 . OHSAS
(Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series) 18001:2007 . ISO
9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004, .
ISO 9000:2000, ISO 14000:2004 t OHSAS 18001:2007 , , .
8.2.2.
:
1. (Health); 2. Bezbednosti (Safeti); 3. Sredine (Environment);
4. Kvaliteta (Quality).
. :
,
, . :
ISO 9001,
ISO 14001 i
OHSAS 18001
. : -
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- - - - - - - , - -
, : - ( ) - - - -
, , .
8.3.
: - - , - -
.
( ) ( , , , ).
8.3.1. -
:
. HSEQ- (Health- Safeti- Environment - Quality)
Ta politika je data u osnovnom/polaznom HSEQ- :
, ,
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12 HSEQ- :
: 1. 2. 3. , 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
8.4.
8.4.1.
. . , , .
8.4.2.
. .
Upravljaki standardi ISO 14001 i OHSAS 18001 , .
8.4.3.
. , , , .
, .
8.4.4. ,
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- , ( ) , .
8.4.5.
, , . 9001, 14001 OHSAS 18001 , .
8.4.5.1. PDCA
.
(PDCA) :
P (Plan), , ,
OHSAS- .
D (Do), Uradite:
, , ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2004 ISO 18001:2007
C (Check), :
: , , , .
A (Act), :
, , .
8.4.6.
, .
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.
8.4.7.
. 9001 . .
8.4.8.
Q EMS OHSAS.
. .
8.4.9. /
. Q EMS OHSAS.
. .
8.4.10.
. .
. ISO 9001 . , .
8.4.11.
, . ( !) , .
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8.4.12.
14001 OHSAS 18001 .
8.4.13.
:
- - -
. IMS-a.
8.4.14.
. : , .
8.5. -
8.5.1.
OHSAS 18001. OHSAS Occupational
Health and Safety Assesment Series Specifications , , ; ISO
9000ff ISO 14000ff , .
.
.
?
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8.6. Specifini elementi- OHSAS-
8.6.1. OHSAS-
OHSAS-:
HS-_ _ _-_ _ _
OHS--_ _ _-_ _ ______ OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _ _, , . OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _
OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _ OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _ OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _ OHS-_ _ _-_ _ _
: OH.RU___ - OH.RU.___- - OH.RU.___- - OH.RU.___- - OH.RU.___- -
OH.RU.___- -
:
, , .;
;
.
9.
ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001, ISO 18001.
, .
10.
1. . , OHSAS , 2010,
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2. . OHSAS - - , , 2009.,
3. ***: ( , 101/05);
4. ***: ( , .72/06 84/06)
5. ***: ISO 18001: 2007 OHSAS 6. .: - ,
2008.,
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