Introduction to APA Style

Created for Introduction to Management (MG 101)

Why APA Style?

When you go to McDonald’s in Russia or in Windham, you know what a Big Mac is.

Why APA Style?

The APA (American Psychological Association) style consists of rules used by writers in the social sciences to ensure that certain elements found in a paper are uniform, regardless of who wrote the paper.Examples of those elements:In-text citations Handling long quotationsReferences list Using signal phrases

Use an in-text citation with direct quotations

“Lately, the oil sector has been the focus of deregulatory reforms that have been undertaken by the GOP. Steps undertaken have paved the way for fierce competition, compelling OMC`s to adopt better marketing practices so as to retain market share” (Rani, 2011, p. 88).

**Direct quotations are enclosed in quotation marks.

Use an in-text citation when paraphrasing

Strong economies in China and India led to increases in world-wide oil demand (Rani, 2011, p. 90).

APA encourages writers to use page number with in-text citations for paraphrased material, but they are

not required.

References list

• A References list should be included at the end of your paper.• A References list entry should be created for

all resources you cite in your paper. • The References list is arranged

alphabetically by the first word in the entry.• The References list uses a hanging indent.

APA Format for Academic Journal or Other Periodical With a DOI Retrieved from an

Online Database

Rani, I. (2011). Attock Petroleum Limitedunder swot analysis. InterdisciplinaryJournal of Contemporary Research inBusiness, 2(12), 75-98. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.3.379

APA Format for Academic Journal or Other Periodical Without a DOI Retrieved from an

Online Database

Rani, I. (2011). Attock Petroleum Limitedunder swot analysis. InterdisciplinaryJournal of Contemporary Research inBusiness, 2(12), 75-98. Retrieved from http://www.ijcrb.webs.com

APA Format for Newspaper Retrieved from an Online Database

Hogan, J. (1998, December 18). Performanceand pay: Experiments conducted 70 yearsago shed light on today’s fixation withincentives. Financial Times. Retrieved fromwww.ft.com

**Give Year, Month and Day for daily and weekly newspapers.