8/3/2019 Integration of Renewable Energy Into Gas Grids My Part

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Integration of renewable energy into gas grids

In the recent past world has visited the development of gas supply grids. After an consequentincrement in the consumption rate and due to other factors, there is a need to integrating themwith renewable energy gasses. Majoravailability of renewable gasses isthrough biomass (can be producedeither by anaerobic digestion toproduce biogas or thermo-chemically,to give synthesis) or in the longer term,RE-based hydrogen can be used fordistribution at local levels.

Biogas production is growing rapidlyand even the list of companies getting

upgraded for the same.Most of the biomethane currently produced around the world is already distributed in localgas pipeline systems primarily dedicated for heating purposes. Figure bellow shows the cost

comparative analysis if distributedthrough different mediums.

Gas utilization can be highly efficientwhen combusted for heat; used togenerate electricity by fuelling gasengines, gas boilers or gas turbines; or

used in vehicles either compressed orconverted to a range of liquid fuels usingvarious processes. Technical challengesrelate to gas source, composition andquality. Only biogas and syngas of aspecified quality can be injected intoexisting gas grids so clean-up is a criticalstep to remove water, CO2 andadditional by-products. The upgradingcost varies according to the scale of thefacility and the process, which can

consume around 3 to 6% of the energy content of the gas .Hydrogen gas can be produced fromRE sources by several routes including biomass gasification, reformation of biomethane, orelectrolysis of water. The potential RE resource base for hydrogen is therefore greater than forbiogas or syngas. Future production of hydrogen from variable RE resources, such as wind orsolar power by electrolysis, will depend significantly on the electricity systems and availability ofsurplus capacity

Inc. In Trend of Organizationupgrading till 2009.

Relative costs for distributing and dispensing biomethane ( compressedor li uefied at the medium scale b truck or i eline in Euro e

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Integration of renewable energy into liquid fuels

Most of the demand for liquid biofuels is due to existing transport system. Large amounts of solid

biomass could be replaced by more convenient, safer and healthier liquid fuels such as RE-derived

dimethyl ether (DME) or ethanol gels. We have already developed technology for producingbioethanol and biodiesel fuels from various crops, usually used for food.

The current infrastructure already used for petroleum-based fuels including storage, blending,

distribution and dispensing, will similarly be used for bio fuels in that case and would create a

boom. However, sharing petroleum-product infrastructure with ethanol or blends can lead to

problems from water absorption and equipment corrosion, may require extra care. Further the

decentralized production, seasonality, remote locations, away from existing refineries or

distribution centers, can impact the supply chain logistics, storage, quality control, cost efficiency

of biofuels .

Even though cost of biofuel delivery is a small fraction of the overall cost, the logistics and capital

requirements for widespread integration and expansion could present major hurdles. Since

ethanol has only around two-thirds the energy density (by volume) of gasoline, larger storage

systems, more rail cars or vessels, and larger capacity pipelines are needed to store and

transport the same amount. This tentatively would increases the fuel storage and delivery costs.

Typically, current volumes of ethanol produced in an agricultural region to meet local demand, or

for export, are usually too low to justify the related investment costs and operational of pipeline.

The production, blending and distribution system for a range of liquid biofuels