INSTITUTUL NAŢIONALDE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE

DELTA DUNĂRII - TULCEADANUBE DELTA NATIONAL INSTITUTEFOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

TULCEA-ROMANIA

11 Mars 2008, Copenhagen

Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve

CASE STUDIECASE STUDIE

5.1 Description and history of the DDBR area

5.1.1 Location of the area

Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) is situated in the eastern part of Europe and lies at the intersection of 45˚N (parallel of latitude) with 29˚E (longitude).

Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) was founded by Government Decision No. 983/1990 and by the Law No. 82/1993.

The total area of DDBR is of about 5,800km2, this mean 2.5% from Romania surface, out of which:       3,510km2 the proper delta – Romanian sector      1,145km2 Razim-Sinoe lacustrine area   1,030km2 sea waters as far as –20 isobath    13km2 Danube riverbed between Cotul Pisicii and Isaccea (Romanian territory)      102km2 Danube holm between Isaccea and Tulcea. 

I . B i s e r i c u ] a

I . P o p i n a

I . S t i p o c

I . L e t e a

I . C a r a o r m a n

B a b a d a g

T u l c e a

I s t r i a

I z m a i l

C h i l i a

0 1 0 2 0 k m

All hypothesis related to the Danube Delta genesis start from the idea that delta was created on a gulf surrounded by the oldest Romanian territory (the relicts of the Hercinic mountains) 12 000 years ago. It is the results of interaction between

Danube river and Black Sea currents.

Uscat

C ordon initial L etea - C araorman

Delta Sinoie

Delta C hilia

Delta Sf. Gheorghe I I

Delta Sulina

Delta Sf. Gheorghe I

..................................................................................................

Dunãrea

Razim

Sasic

. .. .. .

. ..

. .. ..

.... .

. .. .

Br. Sulina

Ipoteza N. PANIN - 1983 Ipoteza N. PANIN - 1983

Old

est

Dry

as

Bolli

ng

OLd

er

Dry

as

Allero

d

Youn

ger

Dry

as Preboreal

Bo

real

Atlantic Subboreal Subatlantic

BP

-5

+5

Delta Sulina IIDelta Cosna

Delta ChiliaDelta Sf. Gheorghe II

Cordon initialDelta Sf. Gheorghe I

Delta Sulina I

Depozite lagunare MatitaDepozite lagunare RazimDepozite lagunare

Depozite marine

1 00

0

2 00

0

3 00

0

4 00

0

5 00

0

6 00

0

7 00

0

8 00

0

9 00

0

10 0

00

11 0

00

12 0

00

13 0

00

14 0

00

LITO

-ST

RATO

GRA

FIE

NIV

ELU

L

MA

RII-1

00-5

00

+50

H O L O C E NPLEISTOCEN SUPERIOR

DELT

A DU

NARII

Genesis of Danube Delta ComplexGenesis of Danube Delta Complex

5.1.2 Brief history of the governance and ecosystem management conditions in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve

  As a result of the existing fortresses, starting with5 th – 6th centuries BC, riverside territories of the Black Sea, including the delta, was mentioned in historical documents. In common literature is not mentioned aspects which refer strictly to the administration of this territory. Because of that will mentioned the main features about.

Historically speaking the Dobrogea (south-eastern province of Romania that includes also Danube Delta) was under different domination as: Ottoman Empire domination which started at the beginning at the 15 th century (so the delta of the Danube was administered by ottoman), or Russians. After the Independence War (1877-1878), the Dobrogea was annexed again to Romania, and the delta territory will be Romanian state property.

Between 1947 -1989 the Romania was under communist governance and except the own property of the household, entire delta territory was administered by the state.

In the present, the territory of Danube Delta became a national and international protected area and includes public ownership land under national control, lands under local government control, and lands privately owned.

As a result of different governace type of this territory we could mention the main antrophic intervention in Danube Delta which started after 1900 when some hydrological works improved mainly the water circulation.

During the Communist period (1947 -1989) the delta was subject to intensive interventions, including massive drainage works aimed at creating large amounts of agricultural land. The delta has suffered deterioration in habitats and change in species communities caused by the impact of a range of related factors, including:o        constructions of dams upstream which has subtly altered the flooding regime.o 1960-1970 is considered to be intensive reed exploitation period, that that is considered to be the first action that damaged delta’ ecosystemso 1970 – 1980 creation of agricultural and fish polders in the delta which reduced the original natural area by over 20%o 1980 -1989 unrolls the programme regarding the integral exploitation of natural resources in Danube Delta that aimed the extension of agricultural areas.

In August 1990, an area of 580,000 ha was declared a biosphere reserve.

a) before the intensive interventions

b) After building the embankments and channels

Danube

Legend

1903-19161952-1960> 19601941-19511930-19401 88 0- 19 02

Excavation period

Legend

1960-19701971-19801981-1989

Building period

Danube

CHANNELS MAINTENANCECHANNELS MAINTENANCE ANDAND DAMMINGDAMMING Period 1880 - 1990 Period 1880 - 1990

Areaunity(ha) ( % ) ( % )

Chilia-Sulina

157.74 88.6 56,2 54.665 34,6

Sulina-Sfântu Gheorghe

101.185 69.3 68,5 67.232 66,4

Dranov 85.675 68.95 80,5 69 80,5Total 344.6 226.85 65,8 190.8 55,4

before 1960 after 1960Unity name

area (ha) area (ha)

The lakes situation from Danube Delta before and after 1960 year 

number % % number % %Chilia-Sulina

396 59 15.084 48 214 45 9.464 37

Sulina-Sfântu Gheorghe

178 27 12.7 41 175 36 12.802 50

Dranov 94 14 3.478 11 90 19 3.4 13Total 668 100 31.262 100 479 100 25.666 100

before 1960 after 1960Unity name

Area (ha ) Area (ha )

The marsh land situation from Danube Delta before and after 1960 year 

Land Cover (CLC 1990, 2000)

In CLC 1990-2000 analyze, on DDBR, the changes for the land cover categories produced on 0.16 % (910 ha) from the total surface of DDBR.

The main categories which have changed from 1990 to 2000 are: the arable land which were transformed into urban areas and the shrub lands that became woodlands.

ID poligonCod 1990

Explication '90 Cod 2000

Explication '00 Surface area (ha)

(%) from Total area of Danube Delta

1 V-Tulcea 3 p 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 112 Urban Areas 1.438 0.0002

2 V-Tulcea 1 p 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 133 Construction Site 7.341 0.0013

3 E-Tulcea 3 p 411 Inland Marshes 121 Industrial or Commercial Units 11.021 0.0019

4 SV-A.A.Sireasa 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 37.9830.0065

5 NE-Pardina 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 66.2060.0114

6 S-A.A. Pardina 1 p 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 411 Inland Marshes 133.737 0.0231

7 NE-Partizani 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 44.0450.0076

8 A.S. Papadia 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 119.9750.0207

9 A.S. Papadia 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 26.2890.0045

10 NE-A.S. Papadia 1 p 311 Broad Leaved Forest 324 Transitional woodland-shrub 165.721 0.0286

11 ESE-Baltenii de Jos 1 p 324 Transitional woodland-shrub

311 Broad Leaved Forest 115.1320.0199

12 Uzlina 231 Pastures 142 Sport and Leisure Facilities 38.664 0.0067

13 NE-D. Tasburun 1 p 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 231 Pastures 3.632 0.0006

14 SSV-RBDD 1 p 411 Inland Marshes 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 117.051 0.0202

15 SSV-RBDD 1 p 411 Inland Marshes 211 Non-irrigated Arable Land 17.025 0.0029

16 S-RBDD 2 p 231 Pastures 121 Industrial or Commercial Units 5.499 0.0009

TOTAL 910.759 0.157

analyze of stock diversity accounts

112 – urban area121 – Industrial or Commercial Units 131 – Construction Site142 – Sport and Leisure Facilities211 – Non-irrigated Arable Land231 – Pastures 311 – Broad Leaved Forest324 – Transitional woodland-shrub411 – Inland Marshes

In CLC 1990-2000 analyze, on DDBR, the changes for the land cover categories produced

on 0.16 % (910 ha) from the total surface of DDBR.

The main categories which have changed from 1990 to 2000 are: the arable land which were transformed into urban areas and the

shrub lands that became woodlands.

- ha - % from RBDD area

A 1 2

AArtificial land(exclusevelygreenhoses and solaria) 6 075 1.28

B Arabil land and crops 50 625 10.72

C Woodland 20 655 4.37

D Shrubland 2 430 0.51

E Permanent grass land 27 945 5.91

F Bare land 8 910 1.88

GWater and we tlands(exclusivelyflooded land) 355 995 75.32

472 635 100

Code landcover

Area

2007

Total DDBR

Agriculture land use

Landcover -ha-

% fromagricultural area

A 1 2

Wheat and rye 2835 3.46barley 8910 10.89corn 2430 2.97potato 0 0

sun flower 6885 8.41Rapita 6480 7.92vegetables 0 0

tomato 0 0

artificial pastures 2435 2.97meadows 0 0

vineyard 1215 1.48other agricultural crops 0 0

bareland 17820 21,79permanent pastures withtrees, with agriculture use 2025 2,47permanent pastrures withagriculture use 25515 31,20

wet lannds withagriculture use 4860 5,94

total area withagriculture use 81770 100,0

Area

The Land use and land cover assesemnt in DDBR for 2007

SP2 SP1 SP2 SPA SPA SPP4 SPA

Babadag Sarichioi Sarichioi Bază Lunca Baia Sinoie

1986 10,05 32,06 46,68 10,14 2,34 12,48 9,36 29,85 4,87 3,54 157,31987 7,84 25,0 22,88 6,7 1,55 6,73 6,43 20,70 3,19 2,54 168,21988 6,01 19,16 24,41 5,67 1,31 6,98 5,23 20,99 3,94 2,87 176,31989 8,82 40,17 40,12 9,32 2,15 11,47 8,60 31,47 4,96 3,6 184,81990 9,08 41,08 32,73 7,6 1,75 9,35 7,01 29,4 4,26 3,1 162,31991 - 4,8 0,49 - - 0,49 0,23 - 0,69 - 23,11992 4,87 9,64 2,35 1,07 - 4,23 2,3 1,04 0,4 0,15 72,41993 2,0 15,62 4,2 1,72 0,7 5,06 5,50 11,18 1,90 1,82 0,81994 3,8 33,9 5,6 - - 22,3 - 23,4 - - 0,21995 2,37 23,8 9,66 - 0,16 3,0 4,83 21,25 0,29 0,19 65,73

SP3 Babadag

Year SPA Dunavăţ

SPA Colina

SP1 Babadag

T.6. Water use and supply

Water used for irrigations in 1986-1995 period – million cubic meter

The reduced consume in 1991-1995 was caused because of :lack of electrical energy, the expensive price of pumped water, the absence of the subsidies for the first step in pumping water, unorganized agricultural units in this periode

economical agent / sector / institution/ total amount of water

collectionthousand

cubic meterSC Dallco Tulcea SA 72Sector Maliuc 17Sector Sulina 290Sector Sfântu Gheorghe 35SMG Isaccea 3BBG Alum SA 10.694Sector Chilia Veche 52SC Km 4 SA 52Sector Crişan 7RAPSP 9.12Marmura SA Tulcea 41Staţia C.F.Baia 155SA Gloria Agighiol 18Agromec Baia 70Sector Babadag 386SCIL Baia 29Sector Baia 114Primăria Valea Nucarilor 80Sarinasuf Ferma centru 15SC Baia 60St. Flotaţie Baia 184

total amount of water collected from surface

21.564

Total amount of surface water/groundwater in 1997

economical agent / sector / institution/ total amount

of water collectionthousand

cubic meterSector Bogza Tulcea 6Sector Isaccea 65Sector Murighiol 17SC Parcheş 20Ceamurlia de Jos 10SA Sălcioara 47SA Valea Nucarilor 30Ferma Sarichioi 230Ferma Mocani - Baia 32SCIL Baia 29SC Tulcea Agighiol 15Ferma Centru Baia 60Staţia Flotaţie Baia 75SC Avicola Babadag 23Mahmudia 12SCA Nufăru 36Sector Babadag 400Primăria Ceamurlia 72Primăria Valea Nucarilor 80SA Gloria Agighiol 18SC Baia 40SC Agromec Baia 70

Primăria Jurilovca 36total amount of water collected from

ground7.417

The surface water (danube’s branches, chanels, lakes) are the main source for water from the DDBR, used for personal supply of local people, in industry, irrigations

CHANGES OF SEDIMENTS DISCHARGECHANGES OF SEDIMENTS DISCHARGE

Decreased sediment discharge at the delta entrance:

• 2138 kg/s (1921-1960)

• 1308 kg/s (1971-1980)

• 926 kg/s (1981-1990) 0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Se

dim

en

t D

isc

ha

rge

[k

g/s

]1921-1960 1971-1980 1981-1990

Period

Water inflow

(m3/s)P(PO4) (mg/l)

N(NO3) (mg/l)

P(PO4) inflowtons/year

N(NO3) inflowtons/year

DANUBE RIVERDELTA ECOSYSTEMS

1971-1980 1980-1989309 359 620<0,01 0,06 0,07

0,4 1,5 1,5

100 700 1400

4000 17000 29300

2003-20057000,050,6

1100

WATER CHEMISTRY CHANGESWATER CHEMISTRY CHANGES

Before 1960

13500

1912 1930 1941 1956 1966 1977 1992 2002C.A.Rosetti 2777 2777 2884 2897 3136 2157 1256 1179Ceatalchioi 698 968 651 1727 1414 728 495 752Chilia Veche 3015 3015 4059 4172 4603 3652 2985 3606Crisan 1567 1957 2389 2387 2237 1763 1362 1414Maliuc 801 1018 902 1381 1893 1275 1089 1060Pardina 407 653 388 545 791 620 791 712Sf. Gheorghe 1194 1088 1402 1476 1639 1387 1068 971Sulina 7347 6399 5020 3622 4005 4911 5484 4601total 17806 17605 17695 18207 19718 16493 14530 14295

010002000300040005000600070008000

C.A.R

oset

ti

Ceata

lchio

i

Chilia

Vec

he

Crisan

Mal

iuc

Pardi

na

Sf. G

heor

ghe

Sulina

years

inh

abit

ants

1912

1930

1941

1956

1966

1977

1992

2002

T12. Counts of ecosystem health

Inhabitants evolution in DDBR in 1912-2002 periode

Years 1912 1930 1966 1977 1992 1997 2002

Urban 7 347 6 399 4005 4 911 5 484 5 137 4 601

Rural 10 459 12 135 15 713 11 695 9 046 8 475 9 694

Total 17 806

18 534

19 718 16 606 14 530 13 612

14 295

Population on age and sex - 2002 DDBR

-1000 -500 0 500 1000

0-4ani

5-9

10-14

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50-54

55-59

60-64

65-69

70-74

75-79

80-84

85+

Men

Women

Men WomenTotal 7670 6625

0-4 years 332 3315-9 340 327

10-14 500 48215-19 464 43620-24 764 44125-29 796 47530-34 822 56135-39 532 35440-44 559 39945-49 574 49450-54 459 46755-59 329 34660-64 330 37365-69 343 41870-74 306 35075-79 120 20880-84 73 10385+ 27 60

DISTRICT(town)

University studies

High school General school (8y)

Primary school (4y)

Nothing

Maliuc 3 11 80 20 -

Chilia Veche 80 250 75 15 10

Pardina 6 25 75 20 5

Cetalchioi 2 11 65 30 5

Crişan 7 45 70 25 5

C.A.Rosetti 7 23 85 5 15

Sfântu Gheorghe 7 27 70 25 1

Sulina 300 600 100 - -

Total 412 992 x x x

% 2,7 7,1 75 11 4,4

Level studies of population in Danube Delta, 2002

Economical traditional activities

locality Total agriculture industry education health

ORAŞ SULINA 866 - 163 66 51C.A. ROSETTI 53 - - 17 4CEATALCHIOI 38 - - 9 2CHILIA VECHE 164 92 4 24 5CRIŞAN 116 - 5 25 6MALIUC 68 - 4 23 7PARDINA 78 43 1 11 1SFÂNTU GHEORGHE 59 - 5 13 5danube Delta 1442 135 182 188 81RURAL 576 135 19 122 30

from whichPopulation employed for the 2002 year

COD CountyTulcea Total fluviatil

delta fluvio-maritime

delta

A00 – B89 25,9 11,2 9,9 12,6C00 – D48 1,7 2,4 2,4 2,4D50 – D89 3,7 7,3 1.6 12,4E00 – E90 2,3 3,1 2,4 3,7F01 – F99 3,7 2,9 1,3 4,4G00 – G99 3,3 5,1 1,6 8,3H00 – H59 11,1 14,4 4,1 23,6H60 – H95 12,8 18,9 6,7 29,8I 00 – I 99 14,4 22,5 12,8 31,3J 00 – J 99 188,5 263,9 126,8 386,1K00 – K93 39,6 48,6 36,3 59,7L00 – L99 31,4 34,6 18,5 48,9N00 – N99 29,6 28,7 14,9 41,0O00 – O99 6,7 2,0 3,2 1,0

at 1000 inhbitants

Danube Delta ( ‰ ), from which

Local people diseases for Danube Delta in 1995 year

A 00 – B 89 – infectious disease ;

C 00 – D 48 – Tumours;

D 50 – D 89 – Blood diseases;E 00 – E 90 – endocrinological diseases and metabolism;

F 01 – F 99 –mintal diseasest;

G 00 – G 99 – nervous system diseases;

H 00 – H 95 – ear diseases;

I 00 – I 99 – Heart diseases;J 00 – J 99 – Pulmon diseases;K 00 – K 93 – digestive diseases;L 00 – L 99 – skin diseases;

N 00 – N 99 –urinary diseases;

O 00 – O 99 – pragnancy

Locality Nb.of beds in hospital Doctors Dentists Pharmacists Nurses inhabitants/doctor

Oraş Sulina 30 3 1 1 15 1574C.A.Rosetti 1 1 1088Ceatalchioi 1Chilia Veche 1 2 2585Crişan 1 1 1391Maliuc 1 1 1019PardinaSfântu Gheorghe 1 1 947

Deltă Total 30 8 1 1 22 8604

Health - Publis sector in 2002 year

Men Women Both sexes

CRIŞAN 30.6 33 31.2CHILIA VECHE 28.4 36.6 28.8MALIUC 21.7 32 24.9CEATALCHIOI 20.8 22.5 21.1ORAŞ SULINA 15.4 23.6 18.4PARDINA 17.4 11.9 16.3SFÂNTU GHEORGHE 11.8 3.5 10.1C.A. ROSETTI 2.5 0.5 1.6County 20.2 12.6 17.2

Unemployment rate (%), 2002

Year Roumanian tourists Foreigner tourists Total1971 31120 44019 751391972 48676 46835 955111973 50718 56155 1068731974 55973 60285 1162581975 42072 66567 1086391976 70270 53985 1242551977 109449 38431 1478801978 66027 60557 1265841979 59506 89696 1492021980 59426 79791 1392171981 55243 56987 1122301982 58064 21000 726851983 31611 32681 642921984 46962 39983 869451985 54328 49225 1035531986 46415 29498 759131987 45400 39521 849211988 92231 10726 1029571989 85873 13417 992901991 75553 23981 995341992 35964 15334 512981993 30346 12286 426321994 14554 12853 274071995 6272 13873 201451996 10240 11557 217971997 11886 5462 17348

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1992

1994

1996

Roumanian tourists

Foreigner tourists

Tourism in DDBR (1971-1996 periode)

Locality Total Hotels Campings Inns

total county 107 15 2 8

Sulina town 9 1Crişan 35 1Maliuc 5 1Sfântu Gheorghe 5total Danube Delta 54 2 1 0percentage from county (%) 50.5 13.3 50 0

Touristic unities in Danube Delta, 2002

from which

Locality Total Hotels Campings Inns

total county 3157 940 454 449

Sulina town 432 65Crişan 452 300Maliuc 64 32Sfântu Gheorghe 31total Danube Delta 979 97 300 0percentage from county (%) 31 10.3 66.1 0

Places in touristic unities in Danube Delta, 2002

MAP OF MAXIMUM POTENTIAL PREASSUREDUE TO TOURISTS IN Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve’s HOTELS

level mineral rezidual

(cm) (mg/l)1984 167.5 4181985 185 4191986 202.5 4041987 197.3 4101988 156 4081989 153 3751990 102.5 3431991 152.3 4301992 138.5 5001993 125 4601994 156 3391995 199 3751996 224 345

year

050

100150200250300350400450500

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

050100150200250300350400450500

level mineral rezidual

H(cm) mg/l

The mineralisation degree of Danube water decrease with the increasing levels

The medium level(H,cm) and mineral residuals (mg/l) at Tulcea in 1984-1996 period

Year N(mg/l) P(mg/l)1984 2.557 0.0991985 3.51 0.1291986 1.989 0.1271987 3.589 0.0651988 2.824 0.0691989 2.606 0.1011990 2.786 0.1041991 1.032 0.0381992 1.49 0.021993 1.7 0.041994 1.76 0.091995 2.6 0.081996 2.5 0.051997 2.18 0.05

Variation of azote (NT) and phosphate (m g/l)in Danube’s water, at T ulcea

in 1984-1997 periode

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

4

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

N

P

Nt. (mg/l) Pt. (mg/l)

After 1989 can be observe a drecrease due to reducing use of fertilize substances from agriculture and indsutrial activities

Year N(mg/l) P(mg/l)1984 0.537 0.0721985 1.73 0.0741986 1.637 0.0751987 2.453 0.1031988 1.907 0.0741989 1.096 0.0251990 1.354 0.031991 1.032 0.0381992 1.67 0.031993 1.4 0.0221994 2.5 0.021995 2.4 0.071996 1.7 0.0721997 1.4 0.06

00.5

11.5

22.5

3

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

00.020.040.06

0.080.10.12

Nt. Pt.mg/l mg/l

Variation of azote (mg/l) and phosphate (mg/l)in Danube’s water, at Sulina in 1984-

1997 periode

d) Sf. Gheorghe - Sf.Gheorghe

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

pp

b

Lindan

HCH

DDD

DD+ metaboliti

c) Sulina - Sulina

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

pp

b

Lindan

HCH

DDD

DD+ metaboliti

a) Dunarea - Ceatal Chilia

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

pp

b

Lindan

HCH

DDD

DD+ metaboliti

The residuals of organo-chlorated pesticides (HCH and DDT) are to be found in the Danube at annual average values, which exceed the maximum admitted concentration (MAC) with 30% and respectively 45%. These high values owe mainly to used industrial waters flowed into the Danube as well as the pesticides driven from the farming areas.

The tendency of the growth of lindane and HCH concentration has been observed since 1996, because of there was approved in 1995 the use of the products LINDAN 400 SC (lindane 400 g/l) and LINDAN 75 TS (lindane 750 g/l) in farming.

NR.

AREA/BENEFFICIAR

PROJECT NAME PROJECT VALUE (USD)

STAGE

1 SFANTU GHEORGHE

Water supply system pumping station rehabilitation for Sfantu Gheorghe locality

223,578 Ongoing – 70% done

2 SFÂNTU GHEORGHE

To fit out the access road and accosting wharf for Sfantu Gheorghe locality

Auction phase Feasibility study elaboration

3 CHILIA VECHE

Water supply system pumping station rehabilitation and to extend this system for entire Chilia Veche locality

231,552 Ongoing – 50% done

4 CHILIA VECHE

To pave the main street from Chilia Veche locality

Auction phase PT elaborating

5 C.A. ROSETTI To rehabilitate the linking road between C.A.Rosetti and Letea localities

Auction phase Works acquisition

T14. Maintenance and restoration cost

TCC (Tulcea County Council)Rural Development Project (RDP) – Tulcea Implementation UnityOngoing projects for Danube Delta localities are as follows:

No.

Crt.

Beneficiary Contract Value

Objective Location

1 SC PROIECT 8,146,000,000 Touristy Pension Mila 47

2 SC TOURING 8,157,091,400 Touristy Pension Crişan Village

3 PFA POPESCU ELIADE FLORENTIN 8,173,000,000 Touristy Pension Băltenii de Jos Village

4 SC STILTOURS Srl 3,439,175,520 Touristy Pension Colina Village

5 SC EST REFLEX Srl 7,255,163,724 Touristy Pension Sarichioi area

6 SC DINAMIC CONSTRUCT SRL 7,234,691,478 Touristy Pension Crişan area

7 SC SINCRON SRL 3,342,812,000 To fit out a floating dormitor Mila 23

8 SC CORMORAN PROD IMPEX SRL 7,271,800,000 Touristy Pension Uzlina Village

AGRICULTURE, FOREST AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT MINISTRYAgriculture and Rural Development Department – Tulcea

The list of projects financed through SAPARD Program is as follows:

% inhabitants Emplacement Costwith utility access Village/Locality New rehabilitation throughPUG by the Municipality Euro/UM

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 TULCEA91875 Tulcea town 4 750000 3000000

2 4601 100 SULINA 3.5 Ecological ramp 750000 26250001414 CRISAN

3 487 100 Crisan 1.5 Ecological ramp 750000 1125000

750000 1125000

1179 C.A.ROSETTI4 295 100 C.A.Rosetti 1 Ecological ramp 750000 750000

1 750000 7500001060 MALIUC

5 298 100 Maliuc 0.3 Ecological ramp 750000 2250000.3 750000 225000

3606 CHILIA–VECHE6 3539 100 Chilia –Veche 0.2 Ecological ramp 750000 150000

0.2 750000 1500001497 MURIGHIOL1497 100 Murighiol 0.3 Ecological ramp 750000 225000

0.3 750000 225000752 CEATALCHIOI

7 375 80 Ceatalchioi 0.1 750000 750000.1 750000 75000

8 971 100 Sf.Gheorghe 1.5 Ecological ramp 750000 1125000

8550000

Total Chilia Veche

Total Ceatalchioi

Total C.A.Rosetti

Total Maliuc

Total Murighiol

General Total

Total Crisan 1,5

5.2.1. – III.Ecological rampsRamp area (ha)

Nr.crt Total costsInhabitantsDirect proposals

Ecological ramps

Proposals concerning the infrastructure of civil utilities; transport and communications

Goods Services

Provisioning Food: fish -local communities rely on fish/fishing that is the most important source of incomes from natural resources- cattle -frogs, shell, fruits (Trapa natans)

Fresh water: water accumulation and retention, fresh water and irrigation supply- Danube provides water for household consumption in every Danube Delta’ localities

Fuel and fibre: timber from sand forests, and reed having especially household use, aggregates (with industrial use)

Genetic resources: for medicine, resistant genes for pathogenic living beings, ornamental speciesThe genetic resource of Danube Delta represents a natural gene bank (5,380 species) with inestimable value for world's natural heritage.

Regulating Climate regulation: regulation of green house emissions, of temperatures and precipitations and other chemical process

Hydrological regimeThis wetland assuring a control of hydrologic regime through the natural streams and also a network of artificial canals that were built aiming to improve the water circulation in some parts of the delta. Another important aspect that can be mentioned here are: delta liability to inundation -ground waters sources:,-water for agriculture and industry Pollution control: retention , refreshing and decreasing of pollutants and nutrients excessIt could be mentioned selfpurification capacity of the water, the terrestrial and aquatic vegetation having a main role on it

Protection against erosion: soil retention and preventing of structural changes, especially sealine shore, and river/canals side

Natural hazards: flood control, protection against storm

The goods and services that are provide by Danube Delta’ ecosystems

Cultural (Informational)

Inspirational and spiritual source; personal feelings, welfare

Recreational source: tourism opportunities and recreational activities

Educational source: opportunities for educational information and training Within Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve Authority structure there are 3 centers of information, documentation, environmental education placed inside the DDBR territory and Tulcea town.

Aesthetic source: appreciation of the natural landscape-the great diversity of aquatic, swamp, terrestrial, river, river-maritime and shore ecosystems and also the cultural heritage of Danube Delta are identified as aesthetic values of DDBR

Supporting Biodiversity: DDBR have a high biodiversity value

Soil formation -the general characteristic of the delta soils is the reduced development of the soil profile and the slight differentiation of the genetic horizons

Nutrients circuit: circulations: stoking, recycling due vegetation that action lake a filter

Pollination: support for pollination (offered especially by sand forest, mint and sun flowers crops).