Inggris 3-I (Ppt)

7/27/2019 Inggris 3-I (Ppt)

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030.08

Jakarta, 6th July 2011


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A number of long-term demographic studies

have indicated that there is a longitudinal

relationship between insomnia anddepression.


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Common Causes of Depression

Biology

Genetics

Gender

Age

Health

conditions

Changes andstressful events

Medicationsand substances


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2. Interest

Criteria for the diagnosis of MDD (DSM-IV-TR).

At least 1+2 and 5 of the following symptoms have been present duringthe same 2-weeks period :

Energyy

Concentration

AppetitechangesSleep

disordersPsychomotor

disorders

Suicide

Guilty

1. Mooddepressive


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People with insomnia have one or more of thefollowing symptoms:

Difficulty fallingasleep

Feeling tired uponwaking

Waking up oftenduring the night and

having troublegoing back to sleep

Waking up tooearly in the

morning


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earlymorning

awakenings

an inabilityto fall back

asleepDepression


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Insomnia wastypically seen as a

symptom ofdepression

New research showsthat insomnia is not just

a symptom ofdepression

Insomnia anddepression are two

overlapping disorders.


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Depressed people suffer from

insomnia

Risk of recurringdepression is greater than

that of patients who donthave insomnia.

So, insomnia may serve as a trigger for depression,but it also appears to perpetuate depression.


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Treated with both an antidepressantand a sleep medication

than only with antidepressants.

The latest findings have helped improve

treatment strategies.


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A complex relationship exists between insomnia and

depressive disorders. Treatment strategies should

address both depressive symptoms and insomnia andshould consider use of both pharmacologic and

nonpharmacologic strategies.


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1. Halverson JL. Background of Depression. Available athttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overview. Accessed on June 12th 2011.

2. Andreasen NC, Black DW. Introductory Textbook of

Psychiatry. 3rd

edition. London : American PsychiatricPublishing ; 2001. p 272-4.3. Doghramji K. Insomnia and Depression. Available at

http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/501334. accessedon June 14th 2011.

4. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Synopsos of Psychiatry. 9th edition.

USA : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ; 2002. p 534.5. Chang L. Common Causes of Depression.

http://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causes. accessed onJune 12th 2011.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overviewhttp://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/501334http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/501334http://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/depression/recognizing-depression-symptoms/common-causeshttp://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/501334http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overview


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6. Halverson JL. Depression Clinical Presentation. Availableat http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinical#showall. Accessed on June 12th 2011.

7. Chanin LR. An Overview of Insomnia. Available athttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causes.accessed on 18th June 2011.

8. Benbadis SR. Insomnia Clinical Presentation. Available athttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview. accessed on 19th 2011. Accessed on June 20th2011.

9. Benbadis SR. Insomnia Due to Mental Disorder. Availableat http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview#showall. Accessed on June 20th 2011.

10. Jaret P. Depression and Insomnia. Available at

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview. Accessed on June 20th 2011.11. McCall WP. Exploring the Relationship Between Insomnia

and Depression Insomnia as a Precursor of Depression.Available athttp://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/581779_2.

Accessed on June 2o

th

2011.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/581779_2http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/581779_2http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/581779_2http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview.%20accessed%20on%2019th%202011http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causeshttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinicalhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinical


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Inggris 3-I (Ppt)