Imperialism. Imperialism Defined –The control of a stronger or more powerful nation/country over a weaker region or country. –The stronger country controls

ImperialismImperialism


DefinedDefined– The control of a stronger or more The control of a stronger or more

powerful nation/country over a weaker powerful nation/country over a weaker region or country.region or country.

– The stronger country controls the The stronger country controls the political, social and economic life of the political, social and economic life of the weaker region or nation.weaker region or nation.

Types of Imperialist ControlTypes of Imperialist ControlColonyColony– Direct and total Direct and total

control by the control by the mother country.mother country.

– Britain held control Britain held control of the American of the American Colonies.Colonies.

Types of Imperialist ControlTypes of Imperialist ControlProtectorateProtectorate– Native ruler Native ruler

remains in place remains in place but foreign advisors but foreign advisors controlling the controlling the governmentgovernment

Types of Imperialist ControlTypes of Imperialist ControlSphere of Sphere of InfluenceInfluence– The foreign nation The foreign nation

has exclusive rights has exclusive rights to develop, usually to develop, usually economic goods, in economic goods, in the nation.the nation.


Imperialism the spawn of the Imperialism the spawn of the Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution– The factory system needed natural The factory system needed natural

resourcesresources– Europe had coal and iron ore but items Europe had coal and iron ore but items

like cotton and rubber needed to be like cotton and rubber needed to be importedimported

ImperialismImperialismWealthy industrial nations began colonizing Wealthy industrial nations began colonizing regions with little regard to compensating the regions with little regard to compensating the nativesnativesResources sent back to Europe were made into Resources sent back to Europe were made into finished productsfinished productsFinished products were then shipped back to Finished products were then shipped back to the colonized nation and sold at a higher pricethe colonized nation and sold at a higher price– Oh yah, the colonized nation had to buy the finished Oh yah, the colonized nation had to buy the finished

goods from the colonial power because the colonial goods from the colonial power because the colonial power would not let the colonized nation trade with power would not let the colonized nation trade with any other nationsany other nations

The colonial nation became rich while the colonized nation The colonial nation became rich while the colonized nation became poorbecame poorSounds like exploitation-like the factory owners who Sounds like exploitation-like the factory owners who exploited the factory workers during the Industrial exploited the factory workers during the Industrial Revolution Revolution


Soon every European nation began Soon every European nation began to colonize every part of the worldto colonize every part of the world– France-Africa, VietnamFrance-Africa, Vietnam– Britain-China, India, AfricaBritain-China, India, Africa– Japan-ChinaJapan-China– Belgium-AfricaBelgium-Africa– Germany-Africa, parts of ChinaGermany-Africa, parts of China

ImperialismImperialismResults of ImperialismResults of Imperialism– Colonies became exposed to European ideasColonies became exposed to European ideas– Resources vital to many of these colonies Resources vital to many of these colonies

were stripped from them and raw material were stripped from them and raw material became depleted in some areasbecame depleted in some areas

– Pollution became a global problem and was Pollution became a global problem and was no longer limited to just industrialized no longer limited to just industrialized nationsnations

– Europe and the United States became the Europe and the United States became the centers for manufactured goodscenters for manufactured goods

Industrial Industrial Revolution/Imperialism Revolution/Imperialism

ConnectionConnectionWealthy Wealthy industrialized nations industrialized nations had better weapons had better weapons – ArtilleryArtillery– Accurate riflesAccurate rifles– GunboatsGunboats– Machine GunsMachine Guns

This allowed This allowed Industrialized Industrialized nations to overrun nations to overrun poorly armed native poorly armed native warriorswarriors

Causes of ImperialismCauses of ImperialismMilitary MotivesMilitary Motives– Bases for military Bases for military

and naval ships. and naval ships. Nations competed to Nations competed to gain control of an gain control of an area before a rival area before a rival could gain control.could gain control.

– A nation with many A nation with many colonies had power colonies had power and security.and security.

A global empire.A global empire.

Causes of ImperialismCauses of ImperialismMilitary MotivesMilitary Motives– Captain Alfred Captain Alfred

MahanMahan– Argued that nations Argued that nations

that controlled the that controlled the seas prevailed or seas prevailed or could rule the could rule the world.world.

– Book, Book, The Influence The Influence of Sea Power Upon of Sea Power Upon HistoryHistory

Industrial Industrial Revolution/Imperialism Revolution/Imperialism

ConnectionConnection

Motives for Motives for colonizingcolonizing– The need for raw The need for raw

materials to keep materials to keep the industrial the industrial Revolution goingRevolution going

Timber Timber

RubberRubber

CoalCoal

Iron oreIron ore

chemicalschemicals

Exploitation Exploitation Western leaders often struck deals with Western leaders often struck deals with local businessmen or politicians for raw local businessmen or politicians for raw materialsmaterialsOften times these deals hurt the local Often times these deals hurt the local economy and the peopleeconomy and the peopleMoney was exchanged between the Money was exchanged between the western leaders and the businessmen western leaders and the businessmen and politicians and the local workers just and politicians and the local workers just became poorbecame poorThese countries became known as These countries became known as “Banana Republics”“Banana Republics”

Old ImperialismOld ImperialismFrom 1500 to 1800.From 1500 to 1800.

European nations develop colonies in European nations develop colonies in Americas, India, Southeast Asia, Americas, India, Southeast Asia, Africa and China.Africa and China.

European power in these areas was European power in these areas was limited.limited.

European nations viewed colonies as European nations viewed colonies as more of a liability because of the cost more of a liability because of the cost to run the colony.to run the colony.

New ImperialismNew ImperialismFrom 1870 to 1914.From 1870 to 1914.European nations had developed strong European nations had developed strong centralized governments.centralized governments.– Strong sense of nationalismStrong sense of nationalism

Most European nations, America and Japan had Most European nations, America and Japan had become industrialized and became aggressive in become industrialized and became aggressive in looking for natural resources.looking for natural resources.– Need to fuel the factories with raw materialsNeed to fuel the factories with raw materials

European nations focused on weakened empires European nations focused on weakened empires in Asia, India, and Africa.in Asia, India, and Africa.– Most were easy targets for the well developed militaries Most were easy targets for the well developed militaries

of European nations.of European nations.

New ImperialismNew ImperialismResults of ImperialismResults of Imperialism– Prime Minister of Britain Benjamin Prime Minister of Britain Benjamin

Disraeli said imperialism was a call to Disraeli said imperialism was a call to greatness where a nation was to fulfill its greatness where a nation was to fulfill its destiny.destiny.

– There was widespread public support for There was widespread public support for imperialism in industrialized nations.imperialism in industrialized nations.

– Why?Why?Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism

The White Man’s BurdenThe White Man’s Burden

Causes of ImperialismCauses of ImperialismSocial DarwinismSocial Darwinism– Social Darwinism encouraged imperialismSocial Darwinism encouraged imperialism

Most Europeans were very ethnocentric and viewed mostly Most Europeans were very ethnocentric and viewed mostly non European cultures as barbarians or uncivilized.non European cultures as barbarians or uncivilized.

Survival of the fittest competition between nations.Survival of the fittest competition between nations.

Social Darwinist argued it was natural for a stronger Social Darwinist argued it was natural for a stronger nation to ruler weaker nations because the dominant nation to ruler weaker nations because the dominant nation or races rose to the top because of the idea of nation or races rose to the top because of the idea of survival of the fittestsurvival of the fittest

European nations saw themselves as superior and more fit European nations saw themselves as superior and more fit to run other nationsto run other nations

Britain was the most industrialized, and thus the most Britain was the most industrialized, and thus the most powerful and the most fit-Britain was superior to all other powerful and the most fit-Britain was superior to all other nationsnations

Causes of ImperialismCauses of Imperialism

The White Man’s BurdenThe White Man’s Burden– While Europeans felt they were While Europeans felt they were

superior to other nations they also felt superior to other nations they also felt they had a moral obligation to these they had a moral obligation to these weaker nationsweaker nations

– Europeans felt that they had to teach Europeans felt that they had to teach these nations how to be civilized-Even these nations how to be civilized-Even though most were already civilizedthough most were already civilized

– In reality Europeans wanted to teach In reality Europeans wanted to teach the world how to be Europeanthe world how to be European

Causes of ImperialismCauses of ImperialismWhite Man’s BurdenWhite Man’s Burden– Rudyard Kipling Rudyard Kipling

summoned up the summoned up the moral obligation in his moral obligation in his poem The White Man’s poem The White Man’s BurdenBurden

– As Europeans As Europeans imperialized the imperialized the world to advance world to advance their own their own economic, military, economic, military, and political needs, and political needs, Kipling called these Kipling called these things burdens.things burdens.

Causes of ImperialismCauses of Imperialism

Kipling said that it was the duty of Kipling said that it was the duty of European nations toEuropean nations to– Conquer these half-devil-half child Conquer these half-devil-half child

nationsnations– Convert them to ChristianityConvert them to Christianity– Make them as civilized as the rest of Make them as civilized as the rest of

EuropeEurope– Europeans knew what was best for the Europeans knew what was best for the

world-Being Europeanworld-Being European


AfricaAfrica

The Scramble for AfricaThe Scramble for Africa

The Scramble for AfricaThe Scramble for AfricaThe focus of most of The focus of most of Europe’s imperialist Europe’s imperialist activities in the 19activities in the 19thth century was Africa.century was Africa.The demand for raw The demand for raw materials, markets, materials, markets, and the prestige of and the prestige of having colonies having colonies drove imperialist drove imperialist Europe to Africa.Europe to Africa.

The Scramble for AfricaThe Scramble for AfricaPrior to the Industrial Prior to the Industrial Revolution European Revolution European interest in Africa was interest in Africa was very limitedvery limitedUp until the 1880’s only Up until the 1880’s only the coastlines of Africa the coastlines of Africa had been colonized, had been colonized, exploited or even exploited or even exploredexploredGold, ivory and slaves Gold, ivory and slaves had been taken from had been taken from these coloniesthese coloniesEuropeans saw Africa Europeans saw Africa and her ports as just and her ports as just stopping off points for stopping off points for merchant ships headed merchant ships headed for India or Chinafor India or China

Scramble for AfricaScramble for AfricaBetween 1807 and 1820 the slave trade Between 1807 and 1820 the slave trade ended in Africa. ended in Africa.

No new slaves were exported from Africa at No new slaves were exported from Africa at this timethis time

Some former slaves returned to Africa-The Some former slaves returned to Africa-The country of Liberia was set up by former country of Liberia was set up by former American slavesAmerican slaves

While slavery ended in Africa, within 50 year While slavery ended in Africa, within 50 year Europeans will colonize most of Africa and Europeans will colonize most of Africa and subject the Africans in their own homelandsubject the Africans in their own homeland

External Reasons for External Reasons for ImperialismImperialism

After the 1880’s Europeans had After the 1880’s Europeans had technological superiority due to the technological superiority due to the Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution– Europeans fought with machine guns/Africans Europeans fought with machine guns/Africans

had spears and bows.had spears and bows.– Better maps Better maps – Easier travel with the steam ship and railroads. Easier travel with the steam ship and railroads.

Made travel on water or land faster and allowed Made travel on water or land faster and allowed for close contract with colonies.for close contract with colonies.

– Medical treatment of malaria with the drug Medical treatment of malaria with the drug quinine.quinine.

Internal Reasons for Internal Reasons for ImperialismImperialism

African nations lacked unityAfrican nations lacked unity– No common languageNo common language– Lack of common cultureLack of common culture– Wars between different groupsWars between different groups– Lack of technologyLack of technology

EgyptEgyptBetween 1517 and 1882 the Ottoman’s Between 1517 and 1882 the Ottoman’s ruled Egyptruled EgyptThe Ottoman Empire was seen as weak The Ottoman Empire was seen as weak and local rulers called beys controlled and local rulers called beys controlled regions of Egyptregions of EgyptIn the early 1800’s Napoleon attempted to In the early 1800’s Napoleon attempted to gain control of Egypt-however in 1805 gain control of Egypt-however in 1805 Muhammed Ali defeated both the French Muhammed Ali defeated both the French and the Ottomans and gained control of and the Ottomans and gained control of EgyptEgypt

EgyptEgypt

During Ali’s rule Egypt began to During Ali’s rule Egypt began to IndustrializeIndustrialize– Egypt expanded its agricultural Egypt expanded its agricultural

productionproduction– Egypt began to increase its production Egypt began to increase its production

of cotton and began selling the cotton of cotton and began selling the cotton to the British Empireto the British Empire

EgyptEgyptIn 1869 the Egyptians worked with In 1869 the Egyptians worked with the French to create the Suez Canalthe French to create the Suez CanalThe canal linked the Mediterranean The canal linked the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean which Sea to the Indian Ocean which eliminated the need to travel around eliminated the need to travel around Africa for tradeAfrica for tradeThe canal drained the finances of The canal drained the finances of Egypt and Egypt’s economy began to Egypt and Egypt’s economy began to suffersuffer

EgyptEgyptThe canal was The canal was extremely important to extremely important to the British who could the British who could now sail quicker to now sail quicker to IndiaIndiaThe Egyptian The Egyptian Government in an effort Government in an effort to raise money began to to raise money began to sell stocks in the canalsell stocks in the canalThe British Government The British Government bought a majority of the bought a majority of the stock and by 1882 stock and by 1882 controlled Suez Canalcontrolled Suez Canal

EgyptEgypt

Because the British now controlled Because the British now controlled the canal they politically moved into the canal they politically moved into Egypt and made Egypt a Egypt and made Egypt a protectorateprotectorate

The French were pushed out of The French were pushed out of Egypt and focused on areas of North Egypt and focused on areas of North AfricaAfrica

The Scramble for AfricaThe Scramble for AfricaKing Leopold of King Leopold of BelgiumBelgium– In the 1870’s Leopold In the 1870’s Leopold

establishes a trade in establishes a trade in the Congo River basin.the Congo River basin.

– Leopold forced Leopold forced Africans to work on Africans to work on rubber plantationsrubber plantations

– Harsh taxation and Harsh taxation and forced labor leads the forced labor leads the world to call for world to call for humanitarian changes humanitarian changes in the Congo.in the Congo.

The Berlin ConferenceThe Berlin ConferenceRules for the Rules for the Colonization of AfricaColonization of Africa– In 1884 European In 1884 European

powers trying to powers trying to colonize Africa were colonize Africa were coming into conflict.coming into conflict.

– To avoid further To avoid further conflict 14 European conflict 14 European powers set up rules for powers set up rules for colonizing Africa.colonizing Africa.

– No members of the No members of the African community African community were present.were present.

The Berlin ConferenceThe Berlin ConferenceIn 1884 Otto von In 1884 Otto von Bismarck hosted the Bismarck hosted the Berlin ConferenceBerlin Conference– Bismarck wanted to Bismarck wanted to

settle disputes to settle disputes to colonial land colonial land differences in the differences in the African CongoAfrican Congo

– By the end of the By the end of the conference rules had conference rules had been set up for been set up for colonizing colonizing

The Berlin ConferenceThe Berlin Conference

The agreement between the The agreement between the European powers specifiedEuropean powers specified– European powers could acquire European powers could acquire

colonies in the following methods.colonies in the following methods.Through occupation.Through occupation.

Notifying other European states of the Notifying other European states of the occupation and claim.occupation and claim.

Showing that the European power could Showing that the European power could control the area.control the area.

The Berlin ConferenceThe Berlin Conference

Results of the ConferenceResults of the Conference– In 1850 most of Africa had been free.In 1850 most of Africa had been free.– By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were

free of European control.free of European control.

Result of ColonizationResult of Colonization

Europeans did not find a new market Europeans did not find a new market for goods in Africafor goods in Africa– Africans had little currency to buy Africans had little currency to buy

goods.goods.

Instead Europeans found that Africa Instead Europeans found that Africa had a great deal of wealth and raw had a great deal of wealth and raw materials to supply the European materials to supply the European nationsnations

Result of ColonizationResult of ColonizationRaw MaterialsRaw Materials– Europeans developed Europeans developed

cash-crop plantationscash-crop plantationsPeanutsPeanutsPalm oilPalm oilCocoa Cocoa RubberRubber

– These plantations These plantations displaced food crops displaced food crops Africans needed to Africans needed to feed their families.feed their families.

– Draw a cash crop Draw a cash crop economyeconomy

WealthWealth– Africa contain rich Africa contain rich

mineral resourcesmineral resourcesThe Belgian CongoThe Belgian Congo

– TinTin– CopperCopper

South AfricaSouth Africa– GoldGold– DiamondsDiamonds

The British In AfricaThe British In AfricaBritain was the Britain was the most active and most active and successful in successful in colonization of colonization of Africa.Africa.– NigeriaNigeria– South AfricaSouth Africa– East AfricaEast Africa– EgyptEgypt– SudanSudan

British Problems in AfricaBritish Problems in AfricaSouth AfricaSouth Africa– Prior to British colonization of South Africa Prior to British colonization of South Africa

Dutch farmers called Boers settled in South Dutch farmers called Boers settled in South Africa.Africa.

– In the early 1800’s Britain acquired South In the early 1800’s Britain acquired South Africa from the Dutch.Africa from the Dutch.

– The Boers or Afrikaners, Dutch farmers, The Boers or Afrikaners, Dutch farmers, moved north into South Africa to an area moved north into South Africa to an area known as Transvaal. known as Transvaal.

– While in South Africa the Boers found gold While in South Africa the Boers found gold in the region and the British tried to move in in the region and the British tried to move in an take the territory from the Dutch an take the territory from the Dutch

British Problems in AfricaBritish Problems in AfricaThe Boers clashed The Boers clashed with the British in the with the British in the Boer War (1899-Boer War (1899-1902).1902).The war pitted The war pitted European nation European nation against European against European nation.nation.The war was known The war was known as a total war and as a total war and both guerrilla warfare both guerrilla warfare and commando tactics and commando tactics were used.were used.

Problems in South AfricaProblems in South AfricaThe British won The British won the Boer War and the Boer War and took over all of took over all of South AfricaSouth Africa

The British ended The British ended up with the gold up with the gold and diamond and diamond mines and used the mines and used the natives to mine the natives to mine the wealthwealth

British Problems in AfricaBritish Problems in AfricaThe Zulus were The Zulus were strong African strong African nation who clashed nation who clashed with the British.with the British.Superior British Superior British technology and technology and weapons defeated weapons defeated the Zulu.the Zulu.This was a common This was a common result for those who result for those who resisted European resisted European Imperialism.Imperialism.

Problems in South AfricaProblems in South AfricaSouth Africa became an South Africa became an extensive colony of extensive colony of BritainBritain

The British set a British The British set a British form of governmentform of government

By 1910 South Africa had By 1910 South Africa had its own constitution and its own constitution and became a commonwealth became a commonwealth of the British Empire of the British Empire (The Union of South (The Union of South Africa)Africa)

South Africa was given South Africa was given its own self ruleits own self rule

Problems in South AfricaProblems in South AfricaThe new constitution only The new constitution only allowed white males to allowed white males to votevoteNative Africans had very Native Africans had very few rightsfew rightsIn 1912 educated Black In 1912 educated Black Africans organized and Africans organized and formed the African formed the African National Congress (ANC) National Congress (ANC) in a effort to gain rights for in a effort to gain rights for blacksblacksThe ANC would lead a The ANC would lead a strong nationalistic strong nationalistic movement for freedoms for movement for freedoms for blacks in the 70’s and 80’s.blacks in the 70’s and 80’s.

Impact of Imperialism in Impact of Imperialism in AfricaAfrica

PositivesPositives– Reduced local warfareReduced local warfare– Brought hospitals and Brought hospitals and

schools to Africa.schools to Africa.– Increased life spans Increased life spans

and literacy rates.and literacy rates.– Gained railroads, dams, Gained railroads, dams,

and telephone linesand telephone lines– Africa products were Africa products were

valued on the valued on the international market. international market.

NegativesNegatives– Africans lost their landAfricans lost their land– Lost of independenceLost of independence– European powers were European powers were

often placed in direct often placed in direct control of the colonycontrol of the colony

– Large amounts of the Large amounts of the African population died African population died of European diseases.of European diseases.

SmallpoxSmallpox– Loss of traditional Loss of traditional

culturecultureNatives were forced to Natives were forced to adopt European adopt European customs and culturescustoms and cultures

– Forced laborForced labor

Impact of Imperialism in Impact of Imperialism in AfricaAfrica

Division of African nations by European Division of African nations by European boundariesboundaries– The boundaries set up by Europeans in 1884 The boundaries set up by Europeans in 1884

Berlin Conference were based on European Berlin Conference were based on European wants and not on native’s needswants and not on native’s needs

– Tribal lands were cut in half while other rival Tribal lands were cut in half while other rival nations were forced together by the new nations were forced together by the new boundariesboundaries

– These European boundaries, which are still These European boundaries, which are still in place today, disrupted customs and in place today, disrupted customs and cultures of Africanscultures of Africans

Imperialism and ChinaImperialism and China

ChinaChina

Africa was divided into Colonies and Africa was divided into Colonies and ruled directly by Europeans.ruled directly by Europeans.

China came under Imperialist China came under Imperialist control by using Spheres of control by using Spheres of Influence.Influence.

Europeans used leases and Europeans used leases and concessions to gain control of China.concessions to gain control of China.

ChinaChinaIn the 1790’s China was not interested in In the 1790’s China was not interested in western influence.western influence.China wanted to remain isolated and China wanted to remain isolated and while China traded with other nations it while China traded with other nations it had no interest in explorationhad no interest in explorationChina refused western technology.China refused western technology.China was self-sufficient.China was self-sufficient.– Good agricultureGood agriculture– Extensive mining and manufacturingExtensive mining and manufacturing– Finely produced goodsFinely produced goods

Porcelain, cottons, and silkPorcelain, cottons, and silk

ChinaChinaThe Chinese did allow the rest The Chinese did allow the rest of the world (Europe) to trade of the world (Europe) to trade in one port city (Canton)in one port city (Canton)The Chinese had strict The Chinese had strict guidelines on what could be guidelines on what could be bought and sold in Cantonbought and sold in CantonEuropeans powers (The Europeans powers (The British) saw China as a place British) saw China as a place of vast wealth (Raw materials of vast wealth (Raw materials and markets)and markets)Soon not only were British Soon not only were British trade ships sailing into trade ships sailing into Canton harbor but also British Canton harbor but also British warships warships The British were going to The British were going to open up trade one way or open up trade one way or anotheranother

The Opium WarsThe Opium WarsThe British had to find The British had to find something that the something that the Chinese wanted.Chinese wanted.

In 1773 the British stated In 1773 the British stated importing opium from importing opium from India.India.

By 1836 Britain was By 1836 Britain was making 16 million dollars making 16 million dollars off the sale of opium to off the sale of opium to China. China.

The drug became so The drug became so destructive that the destructive that the Manchu Emperor forbid Manchu Emperor forbid the sale of opium in 1838the sale of opium in 1838

Opium WarsOpium WarsWhen Britain When Britain refused China refused China seized the opium seized the opium in Canton in 1839in Canton in 1839

The British became The British became angry that the angry that the Chinese had taken Chinese had taken their goods and their goods and both countries both countries went to warwent to war

Opium WarsOpium WarsThe wars lasted from 1839 The wars lasted from 1839 to 1842.to 1842.The British won easily The British won easily because of their military because of their military and naval power.and naval power.Britain forced China to Britain forced China to harsh treaties.harsh treaties.The treaties were seen as The treaties were seen as the “unequal treaties” the “unequal treaties” The British were now The British were now given rights to trade given rights to trade anywhere in Chinaanywhere in ChinaAnd the right to create And the right to create more opium addictsmore opium addicts

Opium WarsOpium WarsTreaty of NanjingTreaty of Nanjing– Britain forced China toBritain forced China to

Pay for all war cost.Pay for all war cost.

Open all ports to Open all ports to British trade.British trade.

Give Britain the island Give Britain the island of Hong Kong.of Hong Kong.

– This gave Britain a This gave Britain a colonial possession colonial possession in Chinain China

British citizens living British citizens living in China lived under in China lived under British law and not British law and not Chinese law.Chinese law.

Opium WarsOpium WarsThe Chinese resented the British.The Chinese resented the British.The opium trade continued.The opium trade continued.Britain now had a sphere of influence in Britain now had a sphere of influence in China.China.China also realized that it’s government China also realized that it’s government was extremely weakwas extremely weak– Because of this there were a series of Because of this there were a series of

rebellions against the Chinese governmentrebellions against the Chinese governmentThe first rebellion was the White Lotus Rebellion The first rebellion was the White Lotus Rebellion led by Buddhist monks who were upset at high led by Buddhist monks who were upset at high taxes and government corruptiontaxes and government corruption

The Taiping RebellionThe Taiping RebellionBy 1850 China’s population By 1850 China’s population had grown by 30% however had grown by 30% however food production had food production had dropped off.dropped off.

The people of China were The people of China were starving.starving.

The Chinese Government The Chinese Government had become corrupt.had become corrupt.

Many were upset at the Many were upset at the lack of morals and the lack of morals and the opium addiction in China.opium addiction in China.

The population began to The population began to rebel against the ruling rebel against the ruling Qing Dynasty.Qing Dynasty.

The Taiping RebellionThe Taiping RebellionHong XiuguanHong Xiuguan– Believed that his Believed that his

own personal vision own personal vision of Christianity of Christianity would save China.would save China.

– Believed if the Believed if the people followed people followed him all would share him all would share in China’s wealth.in China’s wealth.

– Taiping = Great Taiping = Great PeacePeace

The Taiping RebellionThe Taiping RebellionHong’s army was made up of most Hong’s army was made up of most peasants.peasants.By 1853 he controlled the city of Nanjing By 1853 he controlled the city of Nanjing and later large areas of southern China.and later large areas of southern China.Finally in 1864 the French and British Finally in 1864 the French and British armies put down the rebellion.armies put down the rebellion.At least 20 million people were killed.At least 20 million people were killed.Large amounts of farm land were Large amounts of farm land were destroyed.destroyed.The rebellion weakened China and the The rebellion weakened China and the Chinese government.Chinese government.

Government Reforms-Government Reforms-FailuresFailures

In the 1860’s with the growing internal In the 1860’s with the growing internal problems the Manchu Government attempted problems the Manchu Government attempted to bring the country together with the Self-to bring the country together with the Self-Strengthening MovementStrengthening MovementThis movement was a failureThis movement was a failureIn 1876 Korea declared it’s independence In 1876 Korea declared it’s independence from Chinafrom ChinaIn 1883 China lost Vietnam to the French in In 1883 China lost Vietnam to the French in the Sino-French Warthe Sino-French WarIn 1895 Japan forced China to sign the Treaty In 1895 Japan forced China to sign the Treaty of Shimonoseki ending the Sino-Japanese Warof Shimonoseki ending the Sino-Japanese War– Japan gained control of Taiwan and had trading Japan gained control of Taiwan and had trading

rights in Chinarights in China

Splitting up ChinaSplitting up ChinaBy the late 1800’s By the late 1800’s Britain, France, Russia, Britain, France, Russia, and Germany had cut and Germany had cut up large spheres of up large spheres of influence in China influence in China

These nations now had These nations now had large military bases, large military bases, businesses, businesses, governmental authority governmental authority in the regions they in the regions they controlledcontrolled

American InterventionAmerican InterventionThe U.S. was trading with The U.S. was trading with China.China.The U.S. was worried that The U.S. was worried that western powers would cut western powers would cut up China like Africa.up China like Africa.If this happened there If this happened there would be restrictions on would be restrictions on trade.trade.The U.S. started the Open The U.S. started the Open Door Policy.Door Policy.China should be open to China should be open to trading by all countries in trading by all countries in the world.the world.It kept China from being It kept China from being colonized and gave the U.S. colonized and gave the U.S. rights to trade with China.rights to trade with China.

Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionSome Chinese became Some Chinese became upset with foreign upset with foreign intervention in China.intervention in China.

Poor Chinese resented Poor Chinese resented special privileges special privileges given to foreigners.given to foreigners.

Many Chinese disliked Many Chinese disliked Christian Chinese.Christian Chinese.

Many felt that the Many felt that the ruling Empress ruling Empress Dowager needed to be Dowager needed to be removed from powerremoved from power

Boxer RebellionBoxer Rebellion

A new group of Chinese who wanted A new group of Chinese who wanted nationalism called the Society of nationalism called the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fist or Righteous and Harmonious Fist or Boxers organizedBoxers organized

They were anti-European, anti-They were anti-European, anti-Manchu, anti-ChristianManchu, anti-Christian

Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionThe goal of the The goal of the Boxers was to drive Boxers was to drive western powers western powers and the Japanese and the Japanese out of Chinaout of China

In 1900 in Perking In 1900 in Perking Shouting “Death to Shouting “Death to foreign devils” foreign devils” Boxers began to Boxers began to attack foreigners.attack foreigners.

Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionThe Boxers began The Boxers began to kill westerners, to kill westerners, Christians, and Christians, and seized control of seized control of embassiesembassies

Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionThe Boxer rebellion The Boxer rebellion which began in the spring which began in the spring of 1900 ended in August of 1900 ended in August 1900 when a combined 1900 when a combined army of American, army of American, Japanese, Germans, Japanese, Germans, Italians, and British put Italians, and British put down the revolt.down the revolt.After this the Chinese After this the Chinese government had to sign government had to sign the Boxer Protocol which the Boxer Protocol which demanded that demanded that Europeans and Japan be Europeans and Japan be paid the cost of putting paid the cost of putting down the rebelliondown the rebellion

China’s NeedsChina’s NeedsWhile the Boxer rebellion was a failure it While the Boxer rebellion was a failure it did spark nationalism in China.did spark nationalism in China.China needed to resist foreign interventionChina needed to resist foreign interventionThe Chinese government needed to The Chinese government needed to protect the needs of Chinese and not protect the needs of Chinese and not foreign governments.foreign governments.By 1901 the Manchu government was on By 1901 the Manchu government was on the verge of collapsethe verge of collapseChinese culture also began to collapseChinese culture also began to collapse– In 1901 foot-bidding was abolishedIn 1901 foot-bidding was abolished– In 1905 the Chinese Exam System which had In 1905 the Chinese Exam System which had

been effect for 2,000 years was done away withbeen effect for 2,000 years was done away with

China’s NeedsChina’s NeedsSun Yixian a Chinese nationalist called for Sun Yixian a Chinese nationalist called for the replacement of the Qing dynastythe replacement of the Qing dynastySun Yixian wanted three things.Sun Yixian wanted three things.– End to foreign dominationEnd to foreign domination– A representative governmentA representative government– Economic security for the Chinese people.Economic security for the Chinese people.

In 1911 workers, peasants, students and In 1911 workers, peasants, students and warlords overthrew the monarchy and warlords overthrew the monarchy and China became a republic.China became a republic.

How Imperialism in China and How Imperialism in China and India Were DifferentIndia Were Different

IndiaIndia– Britain had established Britain had established

India as a colony and India as a colony and had complete control of had complete control of IndiaIndia

– The British were able The British were able to direct their laws, to direct their laws, customs and beliefs customs and beliefs onto the Indian peopleonto the Indian people

– When India wants its When India wants its independence the independence the people directs their people directs their movement against the movement against the BritishBritish

ChinaChina– Britain controlled trade in Britain controlled trade in

China but after a time China but after a time other countries also other countries also controlled trade in Chinacontrolled trade in China

– China was able to China was able to maintain its government maintain its government (Manchu) even thought it (Manchu) even thought it was corruptwas corrupt

– When China wants its When China wants its independence the people independence the people direct their movement direct their movement against the Chinese against the Chinese government and not the government and not the foreign powers foreign powers


IndiaIndia

IndiaIndiaThroughout history India had always Throughout history India had always been a trading post which traders and been a trading post which traders and merchants could obtainmerchants could obtain– Tea, sugar, silk, salt, jute (fiber used for Tea, sugar, silk, salt, jute (fiber used for

ropes)ropes)

It was a great source of raw materialsIt was a great source of raw materials

India also had a large population and India also had a large population and consumers who wanted manufactured consumers who wanted manufactured productsproducts

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaIn the 1600’s the British In the 1600’s the British East India Company sets up East India Company sets up trading post in Bombay, trading post in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta.Madras and Calcutta.

The company was privately The company was privately owned and was responsible owned and was responsible to increase the profits to it’s to increase the profits to it’s stockholders.stockholders.

The company saw India as The company saw India as having a wealth of natural having a wealth of natural resources and a large resources and a large market to sell goods.market to sell goods.

The British East India The British East India Company had exclusive Company had exclusive trade rights in Indiatrade rights in India

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaFrance still owned part of France still owned part of India and the 1750’sIndia and the 1750’sDuring the French and During the French and Indian War (Seven Year Indian War (Seven Year War) Robert Clive an War) Robert Clive an employee of the company employee of the company helped drive the French helped drive the French out of India.out of India.These private British These private British troops now ran India troops now ran India (Think of Kodak having an (Think of Kodak having an army)army)The British East India Co. The British East India Co. now had exclusive rights to now had exclusive rights to trade and all the natural trade and all the natural resources they wanted.resources they wanted.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaBy the mid 1800’s By the mid 1800’s century the Mughal century the Mughal Empire of India Empire of India was in decline.was in decline.

The rulers of India The rulers of India could not control could not control the British.the British.

By the 1850 Britain By the 1850 Britain controlled 3/5 of controlled 3/5 of India.India.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaBritain’s empire Britain’s empire extended around the extended around the world and with control world and with control over India “the sun over India “the sun never set on the British never set on the British Empire”Empire”

India was also known India was also known as the “Jewel in the as the “Jewel in the Crown”Crown”

India was seen as the India was seen as the most valuable of most valuable of Britain’s colonies.Britain’s colonies.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaRaw Goods Raw Goods supplied by India.supplied by India.– Plantation cropsPlantation crops

TeaTea

IndigoIndigo

CoffeeCoffee

CottonCotton

– NarcoticsNarcoticsOpiumOpium

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaOpium TradeOpium Trade– The British would The British would

ship opium from ship opium from India to China.India to China.

– The opium would The opium would then be traded to then be traded to the Chinese for tea.the Chinese for tea.

– The tea would be The tea would be sold in England.sold in England.

The British in IndiaThe British in India

The Industrial Revolution turned The Industrial Revolution turned Britain into the world’s workshop.Britain into the world’s workshop.

India was the major supplier of raw India was the major supplier of raw materials for Britain.materials for Britain.

India also had 300 million people. A India also had 300 million people. A large market for British goods.large market for British goods.


Results of ColonialismResults of Colonialism– Britain only allowed India to produce Britain only allowed India to produce

raw goods and only buy British raw goods and only buy British manufactured goods.manufactured goods.

– Indian was not allowed to compete with Indian was not allowed to compete with British finished goods.British finished goods.

– Indian cloth makers all but went out of Indian cloth makers all but went out of business.business.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaPositivesPositives– India gained a vast India gained a vast

railway systemrailway system– Telephone, Telephone,

telegraph linestelegraph lines– Bridges, dams, and Bridges, dams, and

canalscanals– Schools and Schools and

collegescolleges– Ended local Ended local

warfarewarfare

NegativesNegatives– British held most of the British held most of the

political and economic political and economic control of India.control of India.

– The British restricted The British restricted industries from industries from producing manufactured producing manufactured goods.goods.

– Cash crops reduced farm Cash crops reduced farm production and increased production and increased starvation in India.starvation in India.

– British customs and British customs and religion threatened religion threatened India’s customs.India’s customs.


The Sepoy MutinyThe Sepoy Mutiny– The British used Sepoy’s, Indian The British used Sepoy’s, Indian

soldiers assigned to the British Army.soldiers assigned to the British Army.– The Sepoy’s were Hindu and MuslimThe Sepoy’s were Hindu and Muslim– Both the Hindu and Muslims of India Both the Hindu and Muslims of India

felt that the British were trying to felt that the British were trying to convert them to Christianity.convert them to Christianity.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaMuslim do not eat porkMuslim do not eat porkHindu do not eat beef.Hindu do not eat beef.The rumor was that the cartridges that the The rumor was that the cartridges that the Sepoy had to use for their guns were covered Sepoy had to use for their guns were covered by a beef and pork seal.by a beef and pork seal.The seal had to be bitten and the cartridge The seal had to be bitten and the cartridge removed before it could be placed in the gun.removed before it could be placed in the gun.The Sepoy refused to use the cartridge and The Sepoy refused to use the cartridge and the British jailed the soldiers.the British jailed the soldiers.The Sepoy believed that the British covered The Sepoy believed that the British covered the cartridges in pork and beef on purpose.the cartridges in pork and beef on purpose.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaThe Sepoy rebelled against the The Sepoy rebelled against the British.British.

The fighting between the British and The fighting between the British and the Sepoy lasted about a year.the Sepoy lasted about a year.

The British Army finally put down the The British Army finally put down the mutiny.mutiny.

The British Army took control of India The British Army took control of India away from the East India Company.away from the East India Company.

The British in IndiaThe British in IndiaThe direct British rule of India was The direct British rule of India was called the Raj and lasted from 1757 to called the Raj and lasted from 1757 to 19471947

British soldiers and politicians held British soldiers and politicians held control over millions of Indians.control over millions of Indians.

Policy for India came directly from Policy for India came directly from Britain.Britain.

The mutiny caused distrust between The mutiny caused distrust between the British and Indians.the British and Indians.

Results of the British Take Results of the British Take OverOver

India became the model colony not only India became the model colony not only for Britain but for the rest of the worldfor Britain but for the rest of the world– The upper castes were forced to learn English The upper castes were forced to learn English

and to respect English lawand to respect English law– Christianity was spread throughout IndiaChristianity was spread throughout India– Urban centers grew in India and Indians were Urban centers grew in India and Indians were

influenced by British government influenced by British government (Parliamentary)(Parliamentary)

– Education was brought to all the upper castesEducation was brought to all the upper castes– The British tried to end the untouchable casteThe British tried to end the untouchable caste

Results of the British Take Results of the British Take OverOver

The British take over The British take over resulted in the loss of resulted in the loss of Indian cultureIndian culture

Indians were forced to Indians were forced to accept British customs accept British customs while trying to hold on while trying to hold on to their own traditionsto their own traditions

In 1885 The Indian In 1885 The Indian National Congress, National Congress, made up of well made up of well educated Hindus, educated Hindus, wanted to gain wanted to gain independence for Indiaindependence for India

Japan and the Meiji Japan and the Meiji RestorationRestoration

Japan becomes a National Japan becomes a National PowerPower

Tokugawa Isolation Tokugawa Isolation Prior to the arrival of Prior to the arrival of Matthew Perry of the Matthew Perry of the U.S. in 1854 Japan had U.S. in 1854 Japan had been isolated for 200 been isolated for 200 years.years.

In 1500’s Europeans In 1500’s Europeans had tried to trade with had tried to trade with Japan however the Japan however the Shoguns had gained Shoguns had gained control of Japan and control of Japan and banned contact with banned contact with almost the entire almost the entire outside world.outside world.

Japanese IsolationJapanese IsolationJapan had built an highly ethnocentric Japan had built an highly ethnocentric societysociety– Japanese were not allowed to travel outside Japanese were not allowed to travel outside

the nationthe nation– Foreigners were not allowed inside the Foreigners were not allowed inside the

nationnation

By the 19By the 19thth Century The U.S. and Century The U.S. and Europe were looking for markets were Europe were looking for markets were ever they could find them and they ever they could find them and they turned to Japanturned to Japan

Commodore Matthew PerryCommodore Matthew PerryIn 1854 Perry gave In 1854 Perry gave Japan a letter asking Japan a letter asking them to open trade them to open trade with the U.S.with the U.S.Americans and Americans and Europeans wanted to Europeans wanted to not only open trade not only open trade with Japan but also with Japan but also use Japanese ports to use Japanese ports to repair and resupply repair and resupply their ships.their ships.

Treaty of KanagawaTreaty of KanagawaThe Japanese shoguns were impressed by The Japanese shoguns were impressed by the American show of force.the American show of force.

Japan agreed to open its ports and signed Japan agreed to open its ports and signed the Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854.the Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854.

The Treaty gave trading rights to the U.S. The Treaty gave trading rights to the U.S. and soon other countries like Britain, and soon other countries like Britain, France and Russia also gained trading France and Russia also gained trading rights.rights.

Treaty of KanagawaTreaty of KanagawaThe Treaty had a The Treaty had a powerful impact on powerful impact on Japan.Japan.– It weakened the power of the It weakened the power of the

shogun who some Japanese felt shogun who some Japanese felt had given in to foreigners.had given in to foreigners.

– It showed that for for Japan to It showed that for for Japan to compete with the west that compete with the west that Japan had to modernize and Japan had to modernize and industrialize.industrialize.

– Nationalist in Japan did not Nationalist in Japan did not like the intervention of the like the intervention of the westwest

– These Japanese nationalist, These Japanese nationalist, with the help of the Samurai with the help of the Samurai rebelled against and overthrew rebelled against and overthrew the Shogun, restored the the Shogun, restored the emperor, and began to emperor, and began to modernize and industrialize.modernize and industrialize.

The Meiji RestorationThe Meiji RestorationIn 1867 the samurai led the rebellion to In 1867 the samurai led the rebellion to remove the Tokugawa shogun from power.remove the Tokugawa shogun from power.In 1868 the emperor was established as the In 1868 the emperor was established as the leader of Japan.leader of Japan.The period from 1868 to 1912 is known as the The period from 1868 to 1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration.Meiji Restoration.By the 1870’s Japan was building railroads, By the 1870’s Japan was building railroads, steamshipssteamshipsIn 1876 the samurai class had been abolishedIn 1876 the samurai class had been abolishedThere was universal military service for all There was universal military service for all malesmalesMeiji means “enlightened one”Meiji means “enlightened one”

Modernization and Modernization and IndustrializationIndustrialization

Once the Emperor Once the Emperor was in place he was in place he began to make began to make changes to Japan changes to Japan that would make that would make Japan a world Japan a world power.power.


Borrowing from the WestBorrowing from the West– The emperor sent advisors and The emperor sent advisors and

government officials to western nations government officials to western nations to study government, economics, to study government, economics, technology, and customs.technology, and customs.

– Foreign experts were also invited to Foreign experts were also invited to Japan.Japan.


EconomicsEconomics– The Meiji government used western methods The Meiji government used western methods

and machinery to industrialize Japan.and machinery to industrialize Japan.– The government built factories and then sold The government built factories and then sold

them to wealthy Japanese businessmen, know them to wealthy Japanese businessmen, know as zaibatsu.as zaibatsu.

– The government developed a banking system.The government developed a banking system.– The government built ports and railroadsThe government built ports and railroads– By 1890 the economy was strong, the By 1890 the economy was strong, the

population had grown, and peasants moved to population had grown, and peasants moved to the cities looking for jobs.the cities looking for jobs.


GovernmentGovernment– The Meiji wanted a strong central government The Meiji wanted a strong central government

and used Germany as their model.and used Germany as their model.– The Meiji liked the strength of the Germany’s The Meiji liked the strength of the Germany’s

constitution and that the government was run constitution and that the government was run by only a few select men.by only a few select men.

– The constitution gave the emperor The constitution gave the emperor autocratic(dictatorial) power. The emperor was autocratic(dictatorial) power. The emperor was not elected by the people.not elected by the people.

– The constitution created a two house The constitution created a two house legislature (bicameral). legislature (bicameral).

Only one house was elected and voting was Only one house was elected and voting was limited.limited.


Military Military – Samurai are no longer the only warriors in Samurai are no longer the only warriors in

Japan.Japan.– Japan admired the discipline of the German Japan admired the discipline of the German

army and the skill of the British navy.army and the skill of the British navy.– All men must join the militaryAll men must join the military– Japan modernizes its navyJapan modernizes its navy– Japan develops a strong army and navy and Japan develops a strong army and navy and

defeats European powers in warfare.defeats European powers in warfare.


Social ReformsSocial ReformsPositivesPositives

– Public education systemPublic education systemJapan admired the the American system of Japan admired the the American system of education.education.

– Development of universitiesDevelopment of universitiesNegativesNegatives

– Still a class systemStill a class system– Women seen as 2Women seen as 2ndnd class citizens class citizens

ModernizationModernization

By the 1890’s Japan had become By the 1890’s Japan had become strong enough to reduce U.S. and strong enough to reduce U.S. and western influence in their countrywestern influence in their country

Japan would fight a series of wars Japan would fight a series of wars which would soon make them a world which would soon make them a world powerpower

Japan as a Global PowerJapan as a Global PowerBy 1894 Japan had By 1894 Japan had transformed itself into a transformed itself into a major world power.major world power.Japan used its military Japan used its military strength to become strength to become imperialistic.imperialistic.Japan became Japan became imperialistic looking for imperialistic looking for colonies for raw colonies for raw materials and new materials and new markets.markets.Japan found these Japan found these colonies through colonies through warfare.warfare.

Japan as a Global PowerJapan as a Global PowerSino-Japanese WarSino-Japanese War– 1894-18951894-1895– Japan tries to expand Japan tries to expand

into Korea.into Korea.– China goes to war with China goes to war with

Japan over Korea.Japan over Korea.– Japan quickly wins the Japan quickly wins the

war war – Japan gets Taiwan, Japan gets Taiwan,

ports in China, and ports in China, and Korea becomes a Korea becomes a protectorate of Japan. protectorate of Japan.

Japan as a Global PowerJapan as a Global PowerRusso-Japanese WarRusso-Japanese War– 1904-19051904-1905– Both Japan and Russia Both Japan and Russia

have interest in Korea.have interest in Korea.– Russia refuses to Russia refuses to

recognize Japan’s rights to recognize Japan’s rights to Korea.Korea.

– Japan launches a surprise Japan launches a surprise attack against the attack against the Russians destroying the Russians destroying the Russian navy and driving Russian navy and driving the Russian troops out of the Russian troops out of Korea.Korea.

– Russia is forced to Russia is forced to withdraw from Koreawithdraw from Korea

– Japan is seen as a major Japan is seen as a major military power with the military power with the defeat of a European defeat of a European nationnation

Japan as a Global PowerJapan as a Global PowerDependence on a World MarketDependence on a World Market– Japan’s economy depended on trade. It Japan’s economy depended on trade. It

needed new markets.needed new markets.– Japan is an island and lack many of the Japan is an island and lack many of the

natural resources to keep their natural resources to keep their industrialization alive.industrialization alive.

– For Japan to compete with the world For Japan to compete with the world market Japan would have to continue to market Japan would have to continue to be imperialistic.be imperialistic.

Japan as a Global PowerJapan as a Global PowerResults of Imperialistic JapanResults of Imperialistic Japan– Japan borrowed many western ideas to Japan borrowed many western ideas to

become a modern and industrialized nation.become a modern and industrialized nation.– Japan quickly establishes itself as a strong Japan quickly establishes itself as a strong

military power.military power.– Japan needs to continue to colonize to keep Japan needs to continue to colonize to keep

raw materials coming in and finished products raw materials coming in and finished products going out of the country.going out of the country.

Japan is truly the only country that needs to colonize Japan is truly the only country that needs to colonize because they lack raw materialsbecause they lack raw materials

Japan’s Industrial RevolutionJapan’s Industrial Revolutionvv

Europe’s Industrial RevEurope’s Industrial Rev

JapanJapan– Japan’s Ind. Rev Japan’s Ind. Rev

only took about 30 only took about 30 years because they years because they borrowed everythingborrowed everything

– Private Private corporations-corporations-Wealthy classWealthy class

– UrbanizationUrbanization– Need for raw Need for raw

materialsmaterials

EuropeEurope– Europe’s industrial Europe’s industrial

Rev. a century Rev. a century because they had to because they had to invent everythinginvent everything

– Private Private Corporations-Corporations-Wealthy classWealthy class

– UrbanizationUrbanization– Need for raw Need for raw

materialsmaterials

American ImperialismAmerican ImperialismAfter independence After independence movements in Latin movements in Latin America most European America most European powers were pushed out powers were pushed out of the western of the western HemisphereHemisphereIn an effort to control the In an effort to control the western Hemisphere western Hemisphere President Monroe President Monroe declared in 1823 that the declared in 1823 that the western Hemisphere was western Hemisphere was off limits to European off limits to European powerspowersThis was known as the This was known as the Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine

American ImperialismAmerican Imperialism

The U.S. in 1823 was not in any The U.S. in 1823 was not in any position to keep European powers position to keep European powers out of the western hemisphereout of the western hemisphere

Britain however wanted to keep the Britain however wanted to keep the Spanish out of the Americans and Spanish out of the Americans and the British, with their large navy the British, with their large navy agreed to back up the U.S. agreed to back up the U.S.


European powers remained out of European powers remained out of the western hemisphere but still the western hemisphere but still invested in Latin American invested in Latin American economieseconomies

In 1904 European nations demanded In 1904 European nations demanded Venezuela repay loansVenezuela repay loans

European powers sent warships to European powers sent warships to demand the paymentsdemand the payments

American ImperialismAmerican ImperialismThe U.S. was The U.S. was fearful of European fearful of European intervention and intervention and colonization and colonization and President President Roosevelt created Roosevelt created the Roosevelt the Roosevelt Corollary. Corollary.


The Corollary statedThe Corollary stated– The U.S. would resolve any financial The U.S. would resolve any financial

disputes between European powers and disputes between European powers and countries in the western hemispherecountries in the western hemisphere

– The Corollary protected Latin American The Corollary protected Latin American countries from aggressive Europeans countries from aggressive Europeans

– Latin American nations however saw Latin American nations however saw the U.S. as an aggressive powerthe U.S. as an aggressive power

American ImperialismAmerican ImperialismThe U.S. also The U.S. also exercised a form of exercised a form of imperialism in the imperialism in the western hemispherewestern hemisphere– The U.S. incited The U.S. incited

Panama to break free Panama to break free of Colombia of Colombia

– Once Panama declared Once Panama declared their independence the their independence the U.S. then negotiated U.S. then negotiated the rights from the rights from Panama to build the Panama to build the Panama CanalPanama Canal

American ImperialismAmerican ImperialismIn 1898 Spain In 1898 Spain controlled Cuba and controlled Cuba and Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

Cuban nationalist Cuban nationalist wanted to drive the wanted to drive the Spanish out and the Spanish out and the U.S. sided with the U.S. sided with the nationalistnationalist

This started the This started the Spanish American Spanish American WarWar

American ImperialismAmerican ImperialismThe war lasted only monthsThe war lasted only months

The U.S. navy quickly defeated the The U.S. navy quickly defeated the Spanish navy in both Cuba and the Spanish navy in both Cuba and the PhilippinesPhilippines

The U.S. gained control of former The U.S. gained control of former Spanish coloniesSpanish colonies– Guam, Philippines and Puerto RicoGuam, Philippines and Puerto Rico– Cuba was given it’s independence in Cuba was given it’s independence in

exchange Cuba would give the U.S. rights to exchange Cuba would give the U.S. rights to two naval basestwo naval bases

Documents

Imperialism. Imperialism Defined –The control of a stronger or more powerful nation/country over a weaker region or country. –The stronger country controls