What Is Scabies

Scabies is caused by a mite (like a tiny insect) called Sarcoptes scabiei. The mite

is a parasite, meaning it lives off the host (a

human) with no benefit to the

host.

Scabies mites are tiny. They have a cream-

coloured body, bristles and spines on their

back, and four pairs of legs. The female mite is bigger (about 0.4

mm x 0.3 mm) compared with the

male (0.2 mm x 0.15 mm).

Most of the symptoms of

scabies infestation are due to the

immune system response to the

mites themselves, their saliva, their

eggs or their faeces.

The average number of mites on an infested person is 12. Neglected children

with scabies in underprivileged communities may have 100s of mites.

How Is Scabies Transmitted?

Scabies is most commonly transmitted

through close body contact for

an extended period. Holding

hands for a while or sexual

intercourse are typical examples.

Transmission of scabies by hugging or

shaking hands is less likely

as it is usually too brief.

Scabies mites cannot fly or jump. They can, however, survive a couple of days after

leaving the human body, meaning that people

sharing clothes or a bed with someone infected

are at risk. Transmission by these means is much

less common than prolonged physical

contact.

Environments that are enclosed, such as nursing homes or schools, pose a

greater risk of scabies

transmission due to their populations

being in close proximity to each

other.

It is important that the medical staff

in these environments possess the

training needed to identify scabies

symptoms to avoid the infestation spreading.

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