Illicit Manufacture

Illicit ManufactureNumber of clandestine laboratories* detected, 2012-2016.

Africa

Southern and South-Eastern Africa

Country or Territory Year Main substances

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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

South Africa 522017 Unknown 41 5 4 2 15 25 11 1 250ARQ

52Total laboratories specified by substance, South Africa-2017:

South Africa 72016 Cannabis (non-specified) 7 7ARQ

1Synthetic cannabioids (non-specified) 1 10ARQ

Heroin 2 0ARQ

8Methaqualone 8 8ARQ

10Methcathinone 8 2 10ARQ

2Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 2ARQ


South Africa 292015 Unknown 12 6 3 1 4 24 1 0 029ARQ


South Africa 112013 Hydroponic 11HONLAF

7Methcathinone 7HONLAF

1GHB 1HONLAF

8Methaqualone 8HONLAF


West and Central Africa


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Page 1 of 29

Number of clandestine laboratories* detected, 2012-2016.

Nigeria 12017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Nigeria-2017:

Nigeria 2016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1 1 1ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Nigeria-2016:

Nigeria 22015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2ARQ


Nigeria 22014 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2ARQ


Americas

Caribbean


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Dominican Republic 12017 Fentanyl 10ARQ

1Ecstasy (non-specified) 1 Ketamine0ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Dominican Republic-2017:

Central America (excluding Mexico)


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

El Salvador 2015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 0ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, El Salvador-2015:

El Salvador 12013 Cocaine (non-specified), Crack 1 1 1 1 10ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, El Salvador-2013:

Guatemala 12016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Methamphetamine (non-specified)0ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Guatemala-2016:

Page 2 of 29


Guatemala 2015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 5 5 5 40ARQ

Amphetamine (non-specified) 5 5 5 40ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Guatemala-2015:

Guatemala 42014 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 40ARQ

5Amphetamine (non-specified) 50ARQ


Guatemala 42013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 40ARQ



Honduras 2017 Cocaine (non-specified) 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 0ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Honduras-2017:

Honduras 22016 Marijuana (herb) 2 2 2 Amphetamine (non-specified)0ARQ

1Cocaine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Honduras-2016:

Honduras 12015 Cocaine Hydrochloride 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Honduras-2015:

Northern America (including Mexico)


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Canada 12017 Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 1 1ARQ

1Unknown 1 1 1ARQ

1Mescaline 1 1 1ARQ

1Unknown 1 1 1ARQ

7Methamphetamine (non-specified) 7 3 1 3 1 Fentanyl6ARQ

11Total laboratories specified by substance, Canada-2017:

Page 3 of 29


Canada 222016 Unknown 22ARQ

1Fentanyl 01ARQ

5Ecstasy (non-specified) 05ARQ

8Cocaine (non-specified) 08ARQ

47Methamphetamine (non-specified) 047ARQ

3Heroin 03ARQ


Canada 42014 MDMA 2 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 Methamphetamine (non-specified)3ARQ

7Cannabis oil 5 0 1 1 5 0 0 0 07ARQ

1Ephedrine 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01ARQ

3MDA 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 Ketamine, Methamphetamine (non-specified)1ARQ

29Methamphetamine (non-specified) 4 7 18 0 0 3 1 0 3 Ephedrine26ARQ

2Alprazolam 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 02ARQ

3GHB 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 03ARQ

1Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01ARQ


Canada 22013 MDMA 1 1 1 2ARQ

2LSD 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2ARQ

4Cannabis oil 3 1 3 4ARQ

1Mushrooms 1 1 1ARQ

1Ketamine 1ARQ

1Synthetic drugs 1 1 1ARQ

13Methamphetamine (non-specified) 6 0 7 0 0 0 6 0 67ARQ

1Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 1 1 1ARQ


Mexico 82017 Heroin 8 8ARQ


100Total laboratories specified by substance, Mexico-2017:

Mexico 1332016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 133 133ARQ

3Heroin 3 3ARQ


Page 4 of 29


Mexico 32015 Heroin 3 3ARQ



Mexico 92014 Morphine 9 9 9ARQ

10Heroin 10 10ARQ



Mexico 1222013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 122 122ARQ

3Heroin 3 3ARQ

3Non-specified 3 3ARQ


United States of America 3,0362017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 3,036Govt

3,036Total laboratories specified by substance, United States of America-2017:

United States of America 5,4672016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 5,467Govt


United States of America 12015 Heroin 1 1 1ARQ

61Amphetamine (non-specified) 42 9 10 25 9 7 1 61ARQ

9Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 9 7 2 9ARQ

3Fentanyl 2 1 2 3ARQ

5Psilocybin 3 2 2 1 5ARQ

260Tetrohydrocannabinol 231 12 17 142 45 40 1 260ARQ

11MDMA 7 1 3 4 0 1 2 11ARQ

7,560Methamphetamine (non-specified) 4,845 966 1,749 4,131 491 204 10 7,560ARQ

18Phencyclidine (PCP) 5 2 11 5 18ARQ

18Anabolic steroids 15 3 11 3 1 18ARQ

3GBL, GHB 3 1 2 3ARQ

11Methcathinone 4 3 4 4 0 0 0 11ARQ


Page 5 of 29


United States of America 632014 Amphetamine (non-specified) 60 3 30 6 16 10 63ARQ

2Cocaine (non-specified) 2 1 1 2ARQ

1Psilocybin 1 1 1ARQ

10Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 8 2 6 1 1 10ARQ

1Heroin 1 1 1ARQ


5,935Methamphetamine (non-specified) 4,985 950 5,935Govt


United States of America 72013 Cannabis oil 7 0 0 6 0 1 0 7ARQ

8GBL, GHB 6 2 0 1 1 1 8ARQ

1Ketamine 1 1ARQ

63Amphetamine (non-specified) 47 5 11 37 6 4 0 63ARQ

1Fentanyl 1 1ARQ

11Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 10 1 0 5 3 2 0 11ARQ

26Phencyclidine (PCP) 10 12 4 0 0 3 2 26ARQ

1Anabolic steroids 1 1ARQ

4Psilocybin 4 0 0 2 1 1 4ARQ


16MDMA 14 2 0 6 3 4 1 16ARQ

11Methcathinone 4 3 4 3 1 0 0 11ARQ

7,932Methamphetamine (non-specified) 6,746 1,186 7,932Govt


South America


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Page 6 of 29


Argentina 182017 Cocaine (non-specified) 7 Marijuana (herb)11ARQ

11Marijuana (herb) 1 Cannabis oil10ARQ

1Ecstasy (non-specified) 1 LSD0ARQ

2Cannabis oil 2 Cannabis (non-specified)0ARQ

4Paco 3 Coca base, Cocaine (non-specified), Marijuana

(herb)

1ARQ

36Total laboratories specified by substance, Argentina-2017:

Argentina 212016 Cocaine (non-specified) 3 Marijuana (herb)18ARQ

3Marijuana (herb) 3ARQ


Argentina 42015 Marijuana (herb) 4 22ARQ

1Synthetic drugs 1 1ARQ

12Cocaine (non-specified) 12 012ARQ


Argentina 32014 Synthetic drugs 3 3ARQ

4Marijuana (herb) 4 4 Cocaine (non-specified)0ARQ



Argentina 292013 Cocaine (non-specified) 29ARQ


Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 3,2412017 Coca base 3,241ARQ


3,277Total laboratories specified by substance, Bolivia (Plurinational State of)-2017:





73Cocaine Hydrochloride 73ARQ


Page 7 of 29





Brazil 32017 Cocaine (non-specified) 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Brazil-2017:

Brazil 12016 Cocaine (non-specified), Phenacetin 1ARQ



Brazil 102015 Cocaine (non-specified) 10 10 10 10ARQ

8Ecstasy (non-specified) 8 8 8 8ARQ


Brazil 182014 Cocaine (non-specified) 0 18 18 18 18ARQ


Chile 102015 Cocaine Hydrochloride Coca base10ARQ

10Total laboratories specified by substance, Chile-2015:

Chile 222014 Cocaine (non-specified) 22 22ARQ


Chile 92013 Cocaine (non-specified) 9 9ARQ


Colombia 3,9392017 Coca base, Coca paste 3,939 3,939 3,939ARQ

321Cocaine Hydrochloride 321 321 321ARQ

1Heroin 1 1 1ARQ

4,261Total laboratories specified by substance, Colombia-2017:

Colombia 4,5922016 Coca base, Coca paste 4,592 4,592 4,592ARQ

1Heroin 1 1 1ARQ

14Potassium permanganate 14ARQ



Page 8 of 29


Colombia 122015 Potassium permanganate 12 12 12ARQ

3,590Coca base 3,590 3,590 3,590ARQ


1Heroin 1 1 1ARQ


Colombia 2,1722014 Coca paste 2,172 2,172ARQ

184Cocaine Hydrochloride 184 184ARQ

1Ecstasy (non-specified) 1 1ARQ

1Heroin 1 1ARQ

9Potassium permanganate 9 9ARQ


Colombia 2362013 Cocaine Hydrochloride 236 236ARQ

2,098Coca paste 2,098 2,098ARQ

3Potassium permanganate 3 3ARQ

1Heroin 1OC2015


Ecuador 22017 Cocaine (non-specified) 2 2ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Ecuador-2017:

Ecuador 2016 Cocaine (non-specified) 1 1 2ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Ecuador-2016:

Ecuador 22015 Cocaine (non-specified) 1 1 2ARQ


Ecuador 22013 Cocaine (non-specified) 2ARQ


Paraguay 32017 Cocaine Hydrochloride 3 3 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Paraguay-2017:

Paraguay 22016 Coca base 1 1 1 3 1 Marijuana (herb)1ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Paraguay-2016:

Page 9 of 29


Peru 3092017 Coca paste 309ARQ


355Total laboratories specified by substance, Peru-2017:

Peru 272016 Cocaine Hydrochloride 27ARQ

3Precursors (non-specified) 3ARQ

598Coca base 598ARQ


Peru 272014 Cocaine Hydrochloride 27ARQ

598Coca base 598ARQ


Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 652017 Cocaine Hydrochloride 65 65 65ARQ

65Total laboratories specified by substance, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)-2017:

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 62016 Cocaine Hydrochloride 6 6 6ARQ

6Total laboratories specified by substance, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)-2016:

Asia

East and South-East Asia


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

China 582016 Methamphetamine (tablets) 58ARQ

93Ketamine 93ARQ

280Methamphetamine (crystal) 280ARQ

18Heroin 18ARQ

449Total laboratories specified by substance, China-2016:

China 5932015 Non-specified 593ARQ


Page 10 of 29


China 862014 Non-specified 86OC2016

89Ketamine 89OC2016

376Methamphetamine (non-specified) 376OC2016


China 1182013 Ketamine 118ARQ

397Methamphetamine (non-specified) 397OC2015


China, Hong Kong SAR 12016 Heroin 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 01ARQ

13Crack 13 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 013ARQ


15Total laboratories specified by substance, China, Hong Kong SAR-2016:

China, Hong Kong SAR 42015 Crack 4 4 4ARQ

1Heroin 1 1 1ARQ





0Methamphetamine (non-specified) 6SMART


Indonesia 22017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2ARQ


1MDA 1ARQ

4Total laboratories specified by substance, Indonesia-2017:

Indonesia 42016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 04ARQ

1MDMA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01ARQ


Indonesia 32015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 3 3ARQ

1Ecstasy (non-specified) 1 1DAINAP


Page 11 of 29


Indonesia 42014 MDMA 4 4ARQ



Indonesia 22013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2SMART

0Ecstasy (non-specified) 2SMART


Japan 12017 MDA 1 1 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Japan-2017:

Japan 12016 Pseudoephedrine 1 1 01ARQ


Japan 12015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 01ARQ


Malaysia 42017 Heroin 4ARQ


2Ermin 5 2ARQ


19Total laboratories specified by substance, Malaysia-2017:

Malaysia 42016 Heroin 4 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 04ARQ

1Ketamine 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 01ARQ


5Ecstasy (non-specified) 5 4 0 0 0 5 0 0 05ARQ


Malaysia 72015 Ecstasy (non-specified) 7DAINAP

16Methamphetamine (non-specified) 16DAINAP

1Nimetazepam 1DAINAP

15Heroin 15DAINAP


Page 12 of 29


Malaysia 62014 MDMA 6 6 6ARQ

8Heroin 8 8 8ARQ

11Methamphetamine (non-specified) 11 9 2 1 Methamphetamine (non-specified)10ARQ


Malaysia 82013 Ecstasy (non-specified) 8SMART



Myanmar 22017 ATS (excluding Ecstasy) 2 1 2ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Myanmar-2017:

Myanmar 22016 Heroin 2 2 2ARQ

2ATS (excluding Ecstasy) 2 1 2ARQ


Myanmar 32015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3 3ARQ


Myanmar 22014 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2DAINAP


Myanmar 22013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2SMART


Philippines 22017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 2 2 2ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Philippines-2017:

Philippines 102016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 10 10 010ARQ


Philippines 22015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 0 0 2 2 02ARQ


Philippines 22014 Methamphetamine hydrochloride 2ARQ


Philippines 12013 Methamphetamine hydrochloride 1ARQ


Page 13 of 29


Republic of Korea 42015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 4ARQ

4Total laboratories specified by substance, Republic of Korea-2015:

Republic of Korea 22013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 02ARQ


4Total laboratories specified by substance, Republic of Korea-2013:

Thailand 52013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 5SMART

1Ecstasy (non-specified) 1SMART

6Total laboratories specified by substance, Thailand-2013:

Viet Nam 32013 Ecstasy (non-specified) 3SMART

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Viet Nam-2013:

Near and Middle East/ South-West Asia


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Afghanistan 32015 Unknown 3 3 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Afghanistan-2015:

Afghanistan 412014 Heroin 41CNPA


Afghanistan 712013 Heroin 71CNPA


Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1412017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 141ARQ

141Total laboratories specified by substance, Iran (Islamic Republic of)-2017:



Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2162015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 216 216ARQ


Page 14 of 29




Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4452013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) Unknown445ARQ


Southern Asia


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

India 12017 Ephedrine 1 1 1ARQ

1Heroin 1 1 1 Opium0ARQ


1Mephedrone 1 1 1ARQ

1Alprazolam 1 1 10ARQ

1Ketamine 1 1 1ARQ

6Total laboratories specified by substance, India-2017:

India 22016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2ARQ

1Mephedrone 1ARQ

1Ephedrine 1ARQ

2Alprazolam 11ARQ

1Morphine 10ARQ


India 12015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 10ARQ


India 42014 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 4 13ARQ


Europe

Page 15 of 29


Eastern Europe


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Belarus 12017 alpha-PVP 1 1 1ARQ

1Methadone 1 1 1ARQ

1AM2201 1 1 1ARQ

2Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ


6Total laboratories specified by substance, Belarus-2017:

Belarus 32016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3 3 3ARQ

3alpha-PVP 3 3 3ARQ


Belarus 32013 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3ARQ

3Psychotropic substances 3 3 3 3ARQ

1Hashish 1ARQ


Russian Federation 12017 MDMA 1 1 1 Amphetamine (non-specified)0ARQ

15F-MDMB-PINACA 1ARQ

3Mephedrone 3ARQ

1Hashish, Marijuana (herb) 1ARQ

17Amphetamine (non-specified) 17 16 1 17ARQ

13alpha-PVP 1 Mephedrone12ARQ

36Total laboratories specified by substance, Russian Federation-2017:

Page 16 of 29


Russian Federation 12015 AM2201 1 1ARQ

2Desomorphine 2ARQ


1Dextromethorphan 1 1ARQ

1Mephedrone 1 1ARQ

2alpha-PVP 2 2ARQ


Russian Federation 12014 3-Methylfentanyl (3-MF, Mefentanyl) 1ARQ

2Methadone 11ARQ


3Cannabis oil, Hashish 3ARQ



Russian Federation 42013 Cannabis oil, Hashish 4ARQ


2Methadone 2ARQ

3Desomorphine 3ARQ




Ukraine 952016 Unknown 95ARQ

95Total laboratories specified by substance, Ukraine-2016:

Ukraine 1432015 Unknown 143ARQ

143Total laboratories specified by substance, Ukraine-2015:

South-Eastern Europe (including Turkey)


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Page 17 of 29


Albania 12015 Heroin 1MDG

1Cocaine (non-specified) 1MDG

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Albania-2015:

Bulgaria 22016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2ARQ


3Total laboratories specified by substance, Bulgaria-2016:

Bulgaria 122014 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 12 12 012ARQ


Bulgaria 352013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 35 35 35ARQ


North Macedonia 12017 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 2 1 1 10ARQ

4Cannabis (non-specified) 4ARQ

5Total laboratories specified by substance, North Macedonia-2017:

Romania 12015 AKB-48f, Ethylphenidate, JWH-018

indazole analogue, XLR-11

1 1 10OC2016

13-MMC, 5 Fluoro AKB48, 5F-MDMB-

PINACA, AB-Fubinaca, bk-MPA, MDMB-

CHMICA, PB-22

1 1 10OC2016

15 Fluoro AKB48, AB-Fubinaca, Manitol,

MDMB-CHMICA

1 1 10OC2016

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Romania-2015:

Romania 12013 JWH-018, MDPV, UR-144 1 1 1OC2017

14-Methylbuphedrone, 4-

Methylethcathinone (4-MEC), 5 Fluoro

AKB48, AKB-48f, AM2201, JWH 210,

MAM2201, UR-144, UR144-Cycloropir

1 1 1OC2017

1Mephedrone 1 1 1OC2017

15 Fluoro AKB48, AKB-48f 1 1 1OC2017

4Total laboratories specified by substance, Romania-2013:

Serbia 2016 Synthetic cannabioids (non-specified) 1ARQ

Amphetamine (non-specified) 1ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Serbia-2016:

Page 18 of 29


Serbia 2015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1ARQ

Synthetic cannabioids (non-specified) 1ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Serbia-2015:

Turkey 32015 Synthetic drugs 3 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Turkey-2015:

Turkey 12013 Synthetic cannabioids (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Turkey-2013:

Western and Central Europe


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8Austria 32017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 Amphetamine (non-specified)2ARQ

3Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 Methylamphetamine2ARQ

1Monoacetylmorphine 1ARQ

7Total laboratories specified by substance, Austria-2017:

Austria 42016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3 Methamphetamine (non-specified)1ARQ

5Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 Amphetamine (non-specified)3ARQ


Austria 12015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ

9Methamphetamine (non-specified) 9 7 1 9ARQ


Austria 32014 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3 3 3ARQ



Austria 52013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 5 5 5ARQ


Page 19 of 29


Belgium 12017 Cocaine (non-specified) 1 1 1 1ARQ

1MDMA 1 6 1 1ARQ

Synthetic drugs 9 1ARQ

Unknown 5 1ARQ

Benzylmethylketone 1 MDMA1ARQ

6Amphetamine (non-specified) 5 1 2 5 6 Benzylmethylketone6ARQ

Benzylmethylketone 2 6ARQ

8Total laboratories specified by substance, Belgium-2017:

Belgium 32015 MDMA 2 1 1 Amphetamine (non-specified)2ARQ

Unknown 13 2ARQ

3GHB 3 3 3ARQ

4Benzylmethylketone 4 4ARQ

8Amphetamine (non-specified) 8 6 Benzylmethylketone2ARQ

Synthetic drugs 5 2ARQ


Belgium 2014 Unknown 22 2ARQ

4Benzylmethylketone 4 4 4ARQ

4GHB 4 4 4ARQ

1Unknown 1 1 1ARQ

2Unknown 2 2 2ARQ

Precursors (non-specified) 5 2ARQ

6Amphetamine (non-specified) 6 6 4 Precursors (non-specified)2ARQ


Belgium 12013 Benzylmethylketone 1 1 1ARQ

4MDMA 3 1 2 1 2 2 Ecstasy (non-specified), MDMA2ARQ

Unknown 14 2ARQ

2GHB 2 2 2ARQ

1Non-specified 1 1 10ARQ

7Amphetamine (non-specified) 7 1 7 3 Precursors (non-specified)4ARQ



Page 20 of 29


Czechia 2642017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 264 182 63 19 0264ARQ

264Total laboratories specified by substance, Czechia-2017:

Czechia 12016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ

261Methamphetamine (non-specified) 261 200 46 15 261ARQ


Czechia 2632015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 263 263ARQ

1Heroin 1 1ARQ

1Codeine 1 1ARQ



1Heroin 1 1ARQ

2Codeine 2 2ARQ




Estonia 12013 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1 1 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Estonia-2013:

France 22013 Synthetic drugs 1 2 20ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, France-2013:

Germany 112017 Amphetamine (non-specified) 11 9 1 1 11ARQ

1LSD 1 1 01ARQ

2Methamphetamine (crystal) 2 1 1 02ARQ

14Total laboratories specified by substance, Germany-2017:

Germany 112016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 11 7 4 011ARQ



Page 21 of 29


Germany 22015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ

9Methamphetamine (non-specified) 9 9 9ARQ

1Fentanyl 1 1 1ARQ


Germany 112014 Amphetamine (non-specified) 11 9 2 11ARQ


1GHB 1 1 1ARQ



Germany 92013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 8 1 8 9ARQ

11Amphetamine (non-specified) 10 1 9 1 11ARQ


Greece 22017 Marijuana (herb) 1 2ARQ

1MDMA 1ARQ

2Hashish 2ARQ

9Heroin 1 Cocaine (non-specified)9ARQ


54Cannabis (non-specified) 54ARQ

1Captagon 1ARQ

70Total laboratories specified by substance, Greece-2017:

Greece 602016 Cannabis (non-specified) 60ARQ



3Heroin 3ARQ


Greece 612015 Cannabis (non-specified) 61 61ARQ

3Heroin 3 3ARQ

2Marijuana (herb) 2 Hashish2ARQ



Page 22 of 29


Greece 22014 Cocaine (non-specified) 2 2ARQ

3Heroin 3 Cocaine (non-specified)3ARQ

44Cannabis (non-specified) 44 44ARQ

3Heroin 3 3ARQ


Greece 12013 Heroin 1 Cocaine (non-specified)0ARQ

4Heroin 4 4ARQ

22Cannabis (non-specified) 22 22ARQ



Hungary 22017 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 02ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Hungary-2017:

Hungary 12016 Phenthylamin 2-PEA 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Amphetamine (non-specified)0ARQ

1Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Phenthylamin 2-PEA0ARQ


Hungary 22015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 1 Methamphetamine (non-specified)1ARQ


Hungary 12014 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ


Hungary 22013 Opium 2ARQ

1Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 01ARQ


Ireland 32017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Ireland-2017:

Ireland 12016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 01ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Ireland-2016:

Latvia 12017 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1ARQ

2Methadone 2 20ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Latvia-2017:

Page 23 of 29


Latvia 12016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1ARQ


Latvia 22015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ


Lithuania 12017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Lithuania-2017:

Lithuania 22015 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 2 2ARQ


Lithuania 22013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ


Netherlands 822017 Amphetamine hydrochloride Ecstasy (non-specified)82ARQ

4,670Cannabis (non-specified) 4,670ARQ

4,752Total laboratories specified by substance, Netherlands-2017:

Netherlands 592015 Amphetamine (non-specified), Ecstasy

(non-specified)

59ARQ

59Total laboratories specified by substance, Netherlands-2015:

Netherlands 312014 Synthetic drugs 31ARQ

2Psychotropic substances 2ARQ

18Precursors (non-specified) 18ARQ

51Total laboratories specified by substance, Netherlands-2014:

Norway 302015 Marijuana (herb) 30ARQ

30Total laboratories specified by substance, Norway-2015:

Poland 12017 Unknown 1ARQ




19Total laboratories specified by substance, Poland-2017:

Page 24 of 29


Poland 182016 Amphetamine (non-specified) 18 18 018ARQ




Poland 12015 MDMA 1 1 1ARQ





Poland 192013 Amphetamine (non-specified) 118ARQ


Portugal 22017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 02ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Portugal-2017:

Portugal 12015 Cocaine (non-specified) 1 1ARQ

1Total laboratories specified by substance, Portugal-2015:

Slovakia 272017 Cannabis (non-specified) 027ARQ

11Methamphetamine (non-specified) 11 11 8 3 011ARQ

38Total laboratories specified by substance, Slovakia-2017:

Slovakia 2016 Cannabis (non-specified) 11ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Slovakia-2016:

Slovakia 72013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 7 5 2 7ARQ

1Pentedrone 1 1 1ARQ

8Total laboratories specified by substance, Slovakia-2013:

Slovenia 72017 Cocaine (non-specified) 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 0 07ARQ


1Amphetamine (non-specified) 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 01ARQ

9Total laboratories specified by substance, Slovenia-2017:

Page 25 of 29


Spain 32016 Cocaine (non-specified) 3ARQ

2Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 Marijuana (herb)2ARQ

5Total laboratories specified by substance, Spain-2016:

Spain 12015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 1 1ARQ



Spain 12014 Heroin 1 1 1ARQ

2Cocaine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ



Spain 12013 Heroin 1 1 Heroin1ARQ

2Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 1 2 1 ATS (excluding Ecstasy)1ARQ

2Cocaine (non-specified) 2 2 0 Unknown2ARQ


Sweden 32017 Amphetamine (non-specified) 3 1 2 3ARQ

1Flunitrazolam 1 1 1ARQ

1Alprazolam 1 1ARQ

3MDMA 1 1 3ARQ

1Fentanyl 1 1 1ARQ

9Total laboratories specified by substance, Sweden-2017:

Sweden 22015 Amphetamine (non-specified) 2 2ARQ

2Total laboratories specified by substance, Sweden-2015:

Sweden 2014 Non-specified 1 1 2ARQ

Cocaine (non-specified) 2 2 2ARQ

Amphetamine (non-specified) 1 1 2ARQ

Total laboratories specified by substance, Sweden-2014:

Switzerland 32013 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 3 3 3ARQ

3Total laboratories specified by substance, Switzerland-2013:

Oceania

Page 26 of 29


Australia and New Zealand


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Source 1 2 3 4 5 76 8

Australia 102017 Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), Mescaline,

Psilocybin

5 1 2 3 4 1 2 Cannabis oil, Methylamphetamine8ARQ

141-4 butanediol, GHB 5 1 1 11 2 14ARQ

110Unknown 3 12 10 9 5 110ARQ

13Cannabis (non-specified) 9 3 9 1 1 Psilocybin12ARQ

15Hypo, Methylamine, Phenylacetone, PSE 1 4 6 2 15ARQ

17MDA, MDMA 6 1 1 3 2 5 2 Methylamphetamine, Unknown15ARQ

206Methylamphetamine 128 7 16 3 51 51 18 34 13 Anabolic steroids, Cannabis oil, Cocaine (non-

specified), Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), Heroin,

MDMA, PMA, Pseudoephedrine,

Tetrohydrocannabinol

193ARQ

3Fentanyl, Heroin 1 2 1 2 1 Methylamphetamine2ARQ

388Total laboratories specified by substance, Australia-2017:

Australia 12014 Anabolic steroids 1ARQ

7MDA 7ARQ

2Synthetic cannabioids (non-specified) 2ARQ

241Non-specified 241ARQ

10GBL 10ARQ

1Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 1ARQ

159Amphetamine (non-specified) GHB159ARQ

2Heroin homebake 2ARQ


Page 27 of 29


Australia 32013 GHB 3ARQ


2Heroin homebake 2ARQ

5Cannabis oil 5 Methylamphetamine0ARQ

4Pseudoephedrine 4ARQ

3GHB Methylamphetamine3ARQ

5Phencyclidine (PCP) 5ARQ

1Heroin homebake Methylamphetamine1ARQ

270Methylamphetamine 270ARQ


New Zealand 792017 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 45 0 35 0 14 18 13 0 79ARQ

79Total laboratories specified by substance, New Zealand-2017:

New Zealand 742016 Methamphetamine (non-specified) 17 0 57 0 6 0 11 0 074ARQ


New Zealand 22015 Heroin homebake 2 2ARQ


1Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 1 1ARQ

21Unknown 21 21ARQ


New Zealand 262014 Unknown 21 21 26ARQ

55Methamphetamine (non-specified) 13 0 42 0 55 055ARQ


New Zealand 22013 MDMA 2 11ARQ

53Methamphetamine (non-specified) 53 53 53 0 47 6 0 53ARQ

21Unknown 21 0 21 21ARQ

1GBL 1 1 1 0 1 1 Mescaline0ARQ


Page 28 of 29


Sources: Annual Report Questionnaire (ARQ); Meeting of Heads of National Drug Law Enforcement Agencies, Africa (HONLAF); Government (Govt); Official Communication on WDR-2015 (OC2015); Official Communication on WDR-2016

(OC2016); UNODC SMART Programme (SMART); Drug Abuse Information Network for Asia and the Pacific (DAINAP); Counter Narcotics Police of Afghanistan (CNPA); Mini Dublin Group (MDG); Official Communication on WDR-2017 (OC2017)

1. At “synthesis laboratories” (also known as “powder laboratories”), synthetic drugs, drug intermediates and precursor chemicals in any form are manufactured from precursor and other chemicals. Such laboratories may or may not be operational at the time of discovery.

2. Laboratories dedicated to refining, tableting, cutting and packaging are where drugs are processed but where no evidence of synthesis exists. MDMA powder is pressed into tablets, powder or liquid methamphetamine is refined into the crystal form, drug powders are diluted

(“cut”) to increase bulk and maximize profits and materials temporarily disguised for trafficking purposes are recovered (e.g. for cocaine conversion). There is no evidence of drug synthesis at the location.

3. At sites where equipment or chemicals are stored there may be some or even all the components needed to manufacture drugs, but there is no evidence that drug synthesis or any other operation is taking place.

4. Dumping sites are locations where equipment, packaging or chemical waste from synthesis laboratories have been discarded. However, no evidence exists that drug synthesis is taking place at such locations.

5. In “kitchen laboratories” only basic equipment and simple procedures are used. Typically, those operating in such laboratories have a limited or non-existent knowledge of chemistry and simply follow instructions. Usually, there are no significant stores of precursors and the

amount of drugs or other substances manufactured is for personal use (a typical manufacture cycle for amphetamine-type stimulants would yield less than 50 grams of the substance).

6. People operating in other small-scale laboratories have advanced chemical knowledge. At such laboratories, more complex amphetamine-type stimulants may be manufactured. They may be of similar size to “kitchen laboratories” but frequently employ non-improvised

equipment. They may also include experimental laboratories. The amount manufactured is typically for personal use or for use by a limited number of close associates (a typical manufacture cycle for amphetamine-type stimulants would yield less than 500 grams of the substance.

7. Medium-to-large-scale laboratories use commercially available standard equipment and glassware (in some cases, custom-made equipment) and may operate for longer periods of time. They are not very mobile, making it possible to recover precursor chemicals and equipment

in many cases (it is these types of laboratories for which production estimates are the most viable and reliable). The amount manufactured at such sites is primarily for illicit economic gain (a typical manufacture cycle for amphetamine-type stimulants would yield between 0.5 kg

and 50 kg of the substance).

8. Industrial-scale laboratories use oversized equipment and glassware that is either custom-made or purchased from industrial processing sources. Such industrial operations produce significant amounts of amphetamine-type stimulants in very short periods of time, the amount

being limited only by access to precursors, reagents and consumables in adequate quantities and the logistics and manpower to handle large amounts of drugs or chemicals and process them into the next step (a typical manufacture cycle for amphetamine-type stimulants would

yield 50 kg or more).

* The terminology and the categorizations used in these data are based on the relevant question in the Annual Report Questionnaire (ARQ), specifically questions 49-53, Part 4 (Extent and patterns of and trends in drug crop cultivation and drug manufacture and trafficking). In

particular, the term “laboratory” is used in a broad sense consistent with its use in the ARQ, and includes, apart from synthesis laboratories, establishments dedicated to various forms of processing (such as cutting, tableting), storage and disposal of equipment or chemicals

(dumpsites). See footnotes for detailed explanations

Page 29 of 29

Documents

Illicit Manufacture