HPV Related DiseaseGinny Ryan

What Is HPV?• The human papillomavirus is the most common

sexually transmitted infection in the U.S.– 79 million Americans infected

• Transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex

• HPV infects both males and females and usually causes no symptoms

• HPV can cause genital (and other) warts; the more serious subtypes of HPV can cause cancer

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HPV and Cervical Cancer• Cancer is a disease in which cells within the body begin to grow

and spread uncontrollably• Cervical cancer starts in the cervix, which is the lower end of the

uterus– 2nd most common cancer in women worldwide– 10,300 new cases each year in U.S.

• HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for the majority of HPV-caused cancers and account for approximately five percent of all cancers worldwide

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HPV Prevention• HPV can be prevented– Vaccination and abstinence are the only proven effective

ways to prevent infection– Research has shown that correct and consistent use of

condoms MAY reduce the transmission of HPV between sexual partners

• Vaccination could prevent 22,000 cancers each year in the U.S.

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FDA ApprovedGardisil™

• Protects against 4 subtypes of HPV – 6, 11, 16, 18

• Approved for young males and females, ages 9-26

• Approved in 2006 for females, 2009 for males

• Approved for prevention of genital warts, cervical and anogenital cancers

Cervarix™

• Protects against HPV subtypes 16 and 18

• Approved for young females only, ages 9-25

• Approved in 2009• Approved for prevention of

cervical and anogenital cancers

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Vaccines

• Three injections over a period of six months• Best completed BEFORE any sexual activity– Still useful if completed after

• Effective• Safe

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Percent of adolescents receiving vaccine

– Younger girls– African American girls– Hispanic girls– Girls from lower

income families– Boys

Those least likely to receive the vaccine…

Effective• Despite low vaccine uptake in U.S.

– HPV infection among teens↓50%; ↓88% in vaccinated girls– Expected to lead to decrease in cancers in the future

• In Australia– Government-funded, school-based national Human Papillomavirus

Vaccination Program– Estimated 70% of teens have received 3 doses– Prevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 decreased from 29% to 7%; genital

warts have also decreased

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Safe

• 111 million doses distributed in U.S.• Adverse events very closely monitored• Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System at CDC

include 390,800 events:– 91% fainting, pain and swelling (non-serious)– 9% serious (death (27), permanent disability, hospitalization)

• No cause-and-effect relationship found

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Talk with Your Provider

• HPV vaccine is primary prevention• It is still important for women to have routine

cervical screenings in order to detect any pre-cancer (called secondary prevention) or cancer in its earliest form (called tertiary prevention)

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Thank You!

www.uihealthcare.org/womenshealthwww.facebook.com/UIWomensHealth

To schedule an appointment, call 319-356-2294

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