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How did conflicts between Britain and the American colonies grow over the issues of taxation, representation, and liberty?
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How did conflicts between Britain and the American colonies grow over the
issues of taxation, representation, and liberty?
Effects of the French & Indian WarBritain The ColoniesEffects of the French & Indian WarBritain The Colonies
It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
It united them against a common enemy for the first time.
Effects of the French & Indian WarBritain The Colonies
It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
It united them against a common enemy for the first time.
It greatly enlarged England’s debt.
It created a socializingexperience for all who participated increasing feelings of being “American”
Effects of the French & Indian WarBritain The Colonies
It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
It united them against a common enemy for the first time.
It greatly enlarged England’s debt.
It created a socializingexperience for all who participated increasing feelings of being “American”
Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings because they felt they had to support the colonists overseas.
It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.
Stamp Act – Law that created a direct tax for the colonists on virtually all documents
made of paper.
In order to repay debts from the French and Indian War, as well as other European wars, Britain looked towards the colonists for funds.
“Stamp duties” were placed on every legal documents, license, newspaper, pamphlet, and even playing cards and dice.The Sons of Liberty was a secret resistance group led by Samuel Adams. They harassed stamp agents with mob threats and demonstrations, which led to many stamp agents quitting their jobs.
Townshend Acts – This was an indirect tax place on imported goods (tea, glass, paint,
paper) from Britain to the colonies.
Parliament eventually repealed the Stamp Act, within a year they passed a new series of laws that the colonists found just as frustrating.
Many educated Americans spoke out against these new acts, protesting “No Taxation without Representation!”
Boycotts began on several British goods, especially tea (colonists’ favorite drink).In Boston, the British stationed 2,000 “redcoats” after John Hancock’s ship was seized by the British.
A crowd of 50 or 60 men and boys gathered to taunt British soldiers outside the Boston Customs House.
Boston Massacre
Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty labeled this event the Boston Massacre.
When the crowd went as far as to throw sticks and snowballs at the redcoats, the soldiers panicked and opened fire, killing five men. Committees of
Correspondence – Groups set up by colonists to exchange
information about British threats to their liberties.
Complete the viewing guide as we watch the
unfolding of our country’s beginnings.
Facing bankruptcy, Parliament gave the British East India Company a monopoly on the tea trade in the colonies.
On a signal from Sam Adams, the colonists disguised themselves as Mowhawk Indians and boarded the ship and unloaded 342 chests of tea into the harbor.
In NYC and Philadelphia, they forced ships to leave, but Boston’s governor made a law that no ship could leave without being unloaded.
King George III was furious with the colonists for destroying British property and he pushed Parliament to act. They passed a series of laws that the colonists called the…
In addition, General Thomas Gage of the British forces was appointed the new governor of Massachusetts and he place Boston under martial law.
Intolerable Acts Boston Port Act – Closed down Boston’s Harbor. Massachusetts Government Act – Revoked the colonial
charter and forbade town meetings. Quartering Act – Colonists’ homes could be
used to house British soldiers.
Listen to me. I am
you KING!!
QUARTERING ACT CRISPUS ATTUCKS SAMUEL ADAMS STAMP ACT KING GEORGE
They defended the colonies’ rights to run their own affairs. They supported the protests in Massachusetts. If the British used force against the colonies,
the colonies should fight back. They would meet again in May 1775
if their demands weren’t met.
First Continental Congress
In 1774, 56 delegates met in Philadelphia to draw up a declaration of colonial rights.
Minutemen – Civilian soldiers that pledged to be ready to fight at a minute’s notice.
Colonists in New England towns begin to step up military preparations.
Early on April 19th, 1775 – 700 British soldiers were secretly sent to destroy the military supplies the colonists had collected at Concord and possibly capture John Hancock and Samuel Adams.
After learning of the soldiers’ destination, the Sons of Liberty sent Paul Revere and William Dawes to warn the Minutemen of the approaching British soldiers.
Revere reached Adams and Hancock in time to warn them to flee and also spoiled the surprise that British were hoping for. Colonists moved military supplies to other towns and houses.
“The Regulars are
coming!”
INDIVIDUAL & ROLE Gen. Gage – ordered his men to seize & destroy any
munitions they could find. KEY EVENTS
Gage was also looking for J. Hancock & S. Adams. Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott – rode
at night… “British are coming!!” OUTCOME
Revere was able to warn S. Adams & J. Hancock… They fled to safety.
British soldiers faced off against 70 minutemen. Minutemen retreated.
IMPORTANCE “Shot Fired” British lost the element of surprise, BUT they
continued to Concord for weapons.
You are a colonist that needs to either support or oppose King George’s policies. You need to create a flyer that displays your position on one of the following policies:
+ Sugar Act + Proclamation Line of 1763+ Stamp Act + Townshend Acts+ Intolerable Acts + Quartering Acts
Your flyer needs to include:Name of the Act (5 pts.)Define the Act (10 pts.)Your Position on the Act and Why others should take your position. (10 pts.)Colored Picture that Portrays the Act (20 pts.)
Battle of Lexington
When the British soldiers reached Lexington, they were greeted by 70 minutemen. The British ordered the minutemen to leave and upon leaving someone fired a shot. The British soldiers fired a volley of shots into the departing militia.
Results + 8 Minutemen Killed + 10 Minutemen Wounded
+ 1 British Soldier Injured
Battle of Concord
The British marched on to Concord, where they found an empty arsenal. The British lined up to march back to Boston, but the march quickly became a slaughter. 3,000 to 4,000 minutemen had now assembled and fired on the troops from behind stone walls and trees.
Results + 73 British Killed + 174 British Wounded + British were humiliated.
How did conflicts between Britain and the American colonies grow over the
issues of taxation, representation, and liberty?
How did tensions increase throughout the colonies until independence is
declared?
By the time the delegates met, the Revolutionary War had already started with the Battles of Lexington & Concord.
The Congress found itself in a difficult position of trying to decide if they should try and reconcile with King George or continue with their rebellion.
Second Continental Congress
They thought I was mad before.
Now they are going to feel my
wrath!!
Complete the viewing guide as we watch the
unfolding of our country’s beginnings.
By the time the delegates met, the Revolutionary War had already started with the Battles of Lexington & Concord.
The Congress found itself in a difficult position of trying to decide if they should try and reconcile with King George or continue with their rebellion.
Second Continental Congress
They thought I was mad before.
Now they are going to feel my
wrath!!
The Congress eventually sent the king an Olive-Branch Petition, urging for a return to “the former harmony” that they share.
The Congress decided to recognize the militiamen around Boston as the Continental Army and they chose George Washington as their general.
He rejected their offer.
Battle of Bunker Hill
British General Thomas Gage and his 2,400 soldiers attacked the Boston militia who were dug in on Breed’s Hill.
Results + 450 Colonists Killed + 1,000 British Killed
+ Deadliest Battle of War
The British marched up the hill in their usual formations and had to attempt to take the hill 3 times to finally succeed, but only because the militiamen ran low on ammo.
Thomas Paine’s book attacked the strongest bond tying America and Britain – the King. He pointed out the advantages of freedom from British rule and social and economic equality.
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
Continental Congress Pushes for Independence!
On June 7, 1776 - Virginia’s Richard Henry Lee moved that “these United Colonies are, and of a right ought to be, free and independent states.”
Thomas Jefferson was tasked with skillfully crafting the committee’s points in a formal declaration as to reasons for the colonies actions.
Main Points of theDeclaration of Independence People have the right to life,
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Governments derive “their powers from the consent of the governed.”
People have the right to “alter or abolish” any government that threatens their unalienable rights.
Jefferson’s first draft included an attack on the cruelty and injustice of the slave trade. However, South Carolina and Georgia objected. In order to gain the votes of the two states, Jefferson dropped the offending passage.
Patriots Loyalists
This was a war for independence, but also became a civil war in which Americans found themselves on opposing sides. The price of choosing sides could be high. The Patriots invited war with the mightiest empire on earth.
Patriots LoyalistsThose who supported
independence and wanted to break away
from the Crown.
Patriots LoyalistsThose who supported
independence and wanted to break away
from the Crown.
Those who opposed independence and wanted to remain
loyal to the Crown.
Complete the viewing guide as we watch the
unfolding of our country’s beginnings.
How did tensions increase throughout the colonies until independence is
declared?
How were the Americans able to overcome a series of setbacks and then win at Saratoga and survive?
Work independently to complete the chart. Use pages 110-123 Complete the chart with details. You will be able to use this on your Quiz & Test.
Complete the viewing guide as we watch the unfolding
of our country’s beginnings.
How were the Americans able to overcome a series of setbacks and then win at Saratoga and survive?
What strategic victories occurred in the South that enabled the Americans to
defeat the British?
Terms of the Treaty of Paris: Britain acknowledges
American Independence. Boundaries:
West to Mississippi North to Canada South to Florida
Each side repays war debts. British return captured slaves.
Fate of many Loyalists: Approx. 80,000 Americans left the country. 4,000 African Americans went to Canada. Many lost land, money and property.
This new independent country rejected the British system of government.The Continental Congress set out to build a republic, a government of the people, but many questions still remained:
Who should participate in government?
How should the government answer to the people?
How could a government be set up so that opposing groups of citizens would all have a voice?
What strategic victories occurred in the South that enabled the Americans to
defeat the British?
