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Homeopathy and the
Microbiome The key to Lyme and other chronic diseases
Ronald D Whitmont MD President
The American Institute of Homeopathy
Clinical Assistant Professor
Family and Community Medicine
New York Medical College
Discussion Goals
bull Human Microbiome
bull Chronic Inflammatory Disease
bull An Example of Chronic Lyme Disease
bull Homeopathy
The Human Microbiome
Microbiome
bull Ecology and symbiosis
bull Fundamental to health
bull Dysbiosis associated inflammation
Ecological Complexity
Metagenomic studies reveal that the
human microbiome is comprised of
an exceedingly complex group of
different ecological niches existing
throughout the body
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Discussion Goals
bull Human Microbiome
bull Chronic Inflammatory Disease
bull An Example of Chronic Lyme Disease
bull Homeopathy
The Human Microbiome
Microbiome
bull Ecology and symbiosis
bull Fundamental to health
bull Dysbiosis associated inflammation
Ecological Complexity
Metagenomic studies reveal that the
human microbiome is comprised of
an exceedingly complex group of
different ecological niches existing
throughout the body
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Human Microbiome
Microbiome
bull Ecology and symbiosis
bull Fundamental to health
bull Dysbiosis associated inflammation
Ecological Complexity
Metagenomic studies reveal that the
human microbiome is comprised of
an exceedingly complex group of
different ecological niches existing
throughout the body
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Microbiome
bull Ecology and symbiosis
bull Fundamental to health
bull Dysbiosis associated inflammation
Ecological Complexity
Metagenomic studies reveal that the
human microbiome is comprised of
an exceedingly complex group of
different ecological niches existing
throughout the body
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Ecological Complexity
Metagenomic studies reveal that the
human microbiome is comprised of
an exceedingly complex group of
different ecological niches existing
throughout the body
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Supra-Organism
ndash A symbiosis between human and
microbial organisms
ndash Collective Interdependency
Medical Hypotheses 74(2)2010214215 The human
superorganism ndash Of microbes and men Sleator RD (Ed)
DOI 101016jmehy200908047
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Supra-Organism
A continuous spectrum of different
ecosystems dependent on
ndash Diversity
ndash Ecology
ndash Symbiosis
Genome Biology 201314R1 Biogeography of the
ecosystems of the healthy human body Zhou Y Gao
H Mihindukulasuriya KA et al
DOI 101186gb-2013-14-1-r1
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Human Microbiome
bull Complementary to the human
genome
bull Neither functions independently
Nature 2007 Oct 18 449(7164) 804ndash810 The human
microbiome project exploring the microbial part of ourselves in
a changing world Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Hamady M et al
DOI 101038nature06244
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
1 Gram of Healthy Human
Stool
bull 100 Billion Bacteria
bull 100 Million Viruses
bull 100 Million Archaea
bull 10 Million Human Cells
bull 1 Million Fungal Spores
PLOS Biology httpdxdoiorg101371journalpbio1002503 Fecal Transplants What Is Being Transferred Bojanova DP Bordenstein SR
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Human Microbiome
Function integral to
bull Nutrition
bull Development
bull Immunity
bull Mental and Physical Health
PLOSOne June 13 2012 Analyses of the Microbial Diversity
across the Human Microbiome Li K Bihan M Yooseph S et
al
DOI 101371journalpone0032118
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Human Microbiome
Regulates development and
function of the immune system
Cell Host amp Microbe Control of Brain Development Function
and Behavior by the Microbiome Sampson TR Mazmanian
SK
DOI 101016jchom201504011
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Colonization
Begins before birth in the placenta
Science Translational Med 21 May 20146(237) 237ra65 The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome Aagaard K Ma J Antony KM et al
DOI 101126scitranslmed3008599
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Most Critical Period
Before birth until two years of life
NutrReviews65(6)259-299 Perinatal and Neonatal Manipulation of the Intestinal Microbiome a Note of Caution Neu J
DOI 101111j1753-48872007tb00305x
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity of Microbiome
Determined by Environment
bull Maternal Microbiome
bull Birth Process
bull Medication History
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Medication Damage
bull Antibiotics antifungals antivirals
bull PPIrsquos
bull Glucocorticosteroids Antihistamines
bull SSRIrsquos HRT Chemotherapy
bull Immunosuppressants Vaccines
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
bull Disrupt ecology of microbiome
ndash Overgrowth of resistant organisms
ndash Inhibition and elimination of sensitive
organisms
Science 2012 336(6086)1255-1262 The Application of Ecological Theory
Toward an Understanding of the Human Microbiome Costello EK
Stagaman K Dethlefsen L
DOI 101126science1224203
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
Promote fungal (viral) overgrowth
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics and Asthma
Maternal antibiotic use in pregnancy
associated with 89 increased risk
of childhood asthma (plt00001)
Medscape ObGyn Womenrsquos Health November 27 2016
Coverage from the American College of Allergy Asthma amp
Immunology (ACAAI) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting
httpwwwmedscapecomviewarticle872028nlid=110951_25
81ampsrc=WNL_mdplsnews_161202_mscpedit_obgyampuac=2427
86PXampspon=16ampimpID=1245995ampfaf=1
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull 1-2 Courses 20 increased risk
bull 3-4 Courses 30 increased risk
bull gt 4 Courses 50 increased risk
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma and Antibiotics in the First
Year of Life
bull Risk of asthma was highest in children receiving more than four courses of antibiotics
bull Broad-spectrum cephalosporin use was more common in these subpopulations of children
Chest 2007131(6)1753-9 Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life Kozyrskyj AL Ernst P Becker AB
DOI 101378chest06-3008
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics and Asthma
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 405 if ABX used in 1st year
of life
bull Adjusted odds ratio of 164 if ABX used after 1st
year of life
Clinical amp Experimental Allergy29(6)1999766ndash771 Antibiotic use in early childhood
and the development of asthma Wickens Pearce Crane et al
DOI 101046j1365-2222199900536x
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoOver the past four decades there
has been a significant increase in
allergy and asthma in westernized
countries which correlates with
alterations in fecal microbiota
(microflora) and widespread use of
antibioticsrdquo
Infect Immune 200472(9) 4996ndash5003 Role of Antibiotics
and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic
Responses Noverr MC Noggle RM Toews GB et al
DOI 101128IAI7294996-50032004
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Pediatrics
Prevalence of many chronic
diseases including Asthma has
tripled since 1980
MMWR Surveillance for Asthma -- United States 1960-1995
Mannino DM Homa DM Pertowski CA
httpswwwcdcgovmmwrpreviewmmwrhtml00052262htm
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma
bull The leading cause of chronic illness in US children
bull One of the fastest growing chronic conditions in developed nations
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic
Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma
Between 1980-1994
bull The total number of affected children increased by 75
bull In children younger than 4 years it increased by 160
Population Reference Bureau Childhood Asthma A Growing American Epidemic Carlson JE Stroebel C
httpwwwprborgPublicationsArticles2001ChildhoodAsthmaAGrowingAmericanEpidemicaspx
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma
A chronic dysbiosis of the respiratory tract
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations
of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Asthma
ldquoRespiratory tract dysbiosis provokes a dysregulated host immune response which in turn alters growth conditions for microbes in airways promoting further dysbiosis and perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and disordered microbiotardquo
Lancet 2014 384 (9944)691ndash702 The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases Dickson RP Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016S0140-6736(14)61136-3
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Dysbiosis
bull The opposite of Symbiosis
bull An ecological imbalance between
organisms within the ecology of
the microbiome
bull Inversely proportional to diversity
Altern Med Rev 20049(2)180-197 The Causes of Intestinal
Dysbiosis A Review Hawrelak JA Myers SP
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Dysbiosis
bull Can occur anywhere on body
bull Directly proportional to
inflammation
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology May 2013
6(3)215-229 Microbial dysbiosis and colon carcinogenesis
could colon cancer be considered a bacteria-related disease
Sobhani I Amiot A Le Baleur Y
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Dysbiosis
bull Acute Triggers an adaptive
immune inflammatory response
(UTI URI Sinusitis etc)
bull Chronic Drives chronic
inflammatory diseases (IBD
Asthma CAD DM etc)
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on
intestinal microflora Gismondo MR
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity
ldquoDictates the stability of ecosystemsrdquo
bull Microbiome is an ecosystem
Science 06 July 2007 Stability and Diversity of Ecosystems Ives AR Carpenter SR
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoRich balanced and diverse bacterial communities seem to be perceived as ldquoselfrdquo and induce a quick maturation of the immune system and gut responsesrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity in the Gut
ldquoPoor and unbalanced bacterial communities are apparently perceived as ldquonon-selfrdquo and induce inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating itrdquo
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity
bull Diversity inversely related to inflammation
bull Lack of diversity (dysbiosis) associated with high levels of inflammation
Immunity 41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and coeliac disease
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Extra-intestinal disorders include allergy asthma metabolic syndrome chronic fatigue cardiovascular disease autoimmune disorders and obesity
Microbial Ecology in Health amp Disease 2015 2626191
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease Carding S Verbeke K Vipond DT et al
DOI 103402mehdv2626191
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diversity
Diversity of the microbiome depends on an
integrated ecology of bacteria viruses
archaea fungi and ldquoparasitesrdquo
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Parasites and Inflammation
Eradication of malaria in an
otherwise stable population induces
the emergence of autoimmunity
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Sardinia Italy
Between 1946ndash1950 the Rockefeller
Foundation conducted a large-scale
Malaria eradication Project
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Sardinia Italy
267 metric tons of DDT were spread
over the island which entirely
eliminated Malaria
Emerg Infect Dis Program to eradicate malaria in Sardinia
1946ndash1950 Tognotti E 2009 Sep
httpwwwnccdcgoveidarticle15908-1317
DOI 103201eid1509081317
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Malaria Cases in Sardinia
Year No cases (relapses)
1946 74641
1947 39303
1948 15121
1949 1314
1950 0 (44)
1951 9 (8)
1952 0
Cases of malaria by year Sardinia 1946ndash1952
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 0 before 1950
bull 11100000 in 1965-69
bull 58100000 in 1995-99
Neuroepidemiology 200525(3)129-34 Increasing incidence
of multiple sclerosis in the province of Sassari northern
Sardinia Pugliatti M Riise T Sotgiu MA et al
DOI 101159000086677
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis
Sardinia Italy
bull 97100000 in 2003-07
Mult Scler 201117(11)1282-9 Epidemiology of multiple
sclerosis in south-western Sardinia Cocco E Sardu C Massa
R et al
DOI 1011771352458511408754
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Current Prevalence of Multiple
Sclerosis
bull 224100000 in Sardinia
bull 90100000 in US
PLOS One 2012 Population Based Study of 12 Autoimmune
Diseases in Sardinia Italy Prevalence and Comorbidity
Sardu C Cocco E Mereu A
DOI 101371journalpone0032487
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Sardinia Italy
ldquoA dramatically rapid change of the environment
after the eradication of malaria has led the Sardinian
immune system to abnormal responseshellip favoring
increased MS incidence over the last four decades
in Sardinia because of the eradication of malaria 50
years agordquo
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene hypothesis Innate immunity malaria
and multiple sclerosis Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Sardinia Italy
Eliminating a stablecommensal
parasite from the environment alters
the microbiome (and the immune
system) and allows the phenotypic
penetration of a disease of immune
dysfunction
Medical Hypotheses 2008 70(4)819-25 Hygiene
hypothesis Innate immunity malaria and multiple sclerosis
Sotgiu S Angius A Embry A et al
DOI 101016jmehy200610069
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Microbiome and Environment
Rapid environmental changes destabilize the
microbiome triggering dysbiosis and altering
inflammatory patterns
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of Immunity
41(1) 2014152ndash165 Foxp3+ T Cells Regulate Immunoglobulin A Selection and
Facilitate Diversification of Bacterial Species Responsible for Immune
Homeostasis Kawamoto S Maruya M Kato LM
DOI 101016jimmuni201405016
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Implications
The functioning of both the innate and
adaptive immune systems are dependent on and
programmed by the diversity the microbiome
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Alterations of microbiome (bacteria viruses
fungi archaea and parasites) have profound
effects on immune system
bull Risk of allergies inflammation autoimmunity
and neoplasm
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria
directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
One of the Most Important
Causes of Dysbiosis
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoWersquove just spent the better part of a century
doing our unwitting best to wreck the human-
associated microbiota with a multifronted war
on bacteria and a diet notably detrimental to its
well-beingrdquo
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora
Gismondo MR
NYTimes Magazine May 19 201336-435058-59 Some of My Best Friends
are Bacteria Pollan M
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoWe have to stop looking at medicine
as a war between invading
pathogens and our bodiesrdquo
New Yorker Magazine Oct 22 201239-39 Germs are Us
Interview with David A Relman Chief of Infectious Diseases
VA Hospital Palo Alto CA Specter M
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The germ theory of diseasehellip is a gross
ldquooversimplificationrdquo
The Lancet 291(7551)1077-1081 Limitations of the Germ Theory
Stewart T Path FC
DOI 101016S0140-6736(68)91425-6
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Germ Theory
Disrupts Ecology of Supraorganism
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Germ Theory
Ignores Role of Immune System
ndash In resolving infection
ndash In utilizing inflammation
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Germ Theory
Neglects Role of Microbiome
ndash Evolutionary basis of Supraorganism
ndash Complement to immune system
Trends Ecol Evol 201126(4)202-9 New paradigms for the evolution of beneficial
infections Sachs JL Essenberg CJ Turcotte MM
DOI 101016jtree201101010
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoIt goes against dogma to think that bacteria
would make our immune systems function
better But the picture is getting very clear
the driving force behind the immune system
are commensalsrdquo
Scientific American June 201237-43 The Ultimate Social Network
Ackerman J
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Infections
Play an important role in
bull Immune system development
bull Microbiome diversity
Modulation of inflammation
Annu Rev Immunol 2012 30 759ndash795 The Microbiome in
Infectious Disease and Inflammation Honda K Littman DR
DOI 101146annurev-immunol-020711-074937
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
-Review-
The Human Microbiome
bull The Microbiome is made up of a continuous
interconnected geography of ecological niches
covering the entire human organism
bull Vital to growth development and immune system
functioning
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Dysbiosis equals inflammation
Cell 2005122(1)107-18 An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic
bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system Mazmanian SK Liu
CH Tzianabos AO
DOI 101016jcell200505007
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
One of the most important causes of dysbiosis and
inflammation results from the application of modern
Germ Theory in medicine
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
The Leading Cause of Death and
Disability in the US
httpwwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
ldquoThe great epidemic of our times
responsible for 75 of total health
care costs and the majority of deaths
in the USrdquo
Am J Med 2015 128(4)337ndash343 Health Care 2020
Reengineering Health Care Delivery to Combat Chronic
Disease Milani RV Lavie CJ
DOI httpdxdoiorg101016jamjmed201410047
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
bull About half of all adultsmdash117 million
peoplemdashhad one or more chronic
health conditions in 2012
bull 25 had two or more chronic
health conditions
Prev Chronic Dis 201411130389 Multiple chronic conditions
among US adults a 2012 update Ward BW Schiller JS
Goodman RA
DOI 105888pcd11130389
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Diseases
bull Hypertension
bull coronary heart disease
bull Stroke
bull Diabetes
bull Cancer
bull Arthritis
bull Hepatitis
bull Kidneys disease
bull Asthma
bull COPD
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoCausesrdquo of Chronic
Disease
-Lack of Physical Exercise
-Hypertension
-Hyperlipidemia
-Poor Nutrition
-Tobacco Use
-Excessive Alcohol Use
wwwcdcgovchronicdiseaseoverview
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
Common denominator
Chronic Inflammation-Dysbiosis
The Human Microbiome
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation
theory of disease The growing realization that chronic
inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new avenues
for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
ldquoInflammation has long been a well-known symptom
of many infectious diseases but molecular and
epidemiological research increasingly suggests that
it is also intimately linked with a broad range of non-
infectious diseases perhaps even all of themrdquo
EMBO Rep 2012 Nov 13(11) 968ndash970 The inflammation theory of disease The
growing realization that chronic inflammation is crucial in many diseases opens new
avenues for treatment Hunter P
DOI 101038embor2012142
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
ldquoIt is becoming increasingly evident that the lack of
exposure to a variety of microorganisms especially
during early life may result in the development of
diseases such as type 1 diabetes asthma allergies
celiac disease inflammatory bowel disease and
obesityrdquo
J Perinatology (2011) 31 S29ndashS34 The developing intestinal microbiome and its
relationship to health and disease in the neonate Torrazza RM Neu J
DOI101038jp2010172
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
According to the lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo the
decreasing incidence of infections in western
countries and more recently in developing countries
is at the origin of the increasing incidence of both
autoimmune and allergic diseases
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune
and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
Inversely related to the incidence of infectious disease
Clin Exp Immunol 2010 Apr 160(1) 1ndash9 The lsquohygiene hypothesisrsquo for autoimmune and allergic diseases an update Okada H Kuhn C Feillet H et al
DOI 101111j1365-2249201004139x
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
bull Epidemic and Increasing
bull Related to Dysbiosis and Microbiome
damage
bull A result of chronic inflammation
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
A chronic inflammatory condition a dysbiosis
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A diagnosis often based solely on clinical
judgment rather than on well-defined clinical
criteria and validated laboratory studies
bull AKA Post Lyme Disease Syndrome
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
A diagnostic term used in North America and
Europe for patients with persistent pain
neurocognitive symptoms fatigue or all of
these symptoms with or without clinical or
serologic evidence of previous early or late
Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
Despite resolution of the objective
manifestations of infection after antibiotic
treatment of Lyme a minority of patients
develop fatigue musculoskeletal pain
difficulties with concentration or short-term
memory or all of these symptoms
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
Once the diagnosis is
made patients are
commonly treated for
months to years with
multiple antimicrobial
agents
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB
OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
No significant difference in clinical responses
between those who received intravenous and
oral antibiotics for 90 days and those who
received placebo
N Engl J Med 2001 34585-92 Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in
Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme Disease Klempner
MS Hu LT Evans J et al
DOI 101056NEJM200107123450202
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
IV ceftriaxone therapy results in short-term
cognitive improvement for patients with post-
treatment Lyme encephalopathy but relapse in
cognition occurs after the antibiotic is
discontinued
Neurology 2008 70(13) 992-1003 A randomized placebo-controlled trial of
repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy Fallon BA Keilp JG
Corbera KMet al
DOI 10121201WNL0000284604611602d
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
There is substantial risk with little or no
benefit associated with additional antibiotic
treatment for patients who have long-standing
subjective symptoms after appropriate initial
treatment for an episode of Lyme disease
N Engl J Med 20073571422-1430 A Critical Appraisal of ldquoChronic Lyme
Diseaserdquo Feder HM Johnson BJB OConnell S
DOI 101056NEJMra072023
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
Antibiotic therapy causes considerable harm to
patients treated for chronic Lyme disease or
postndashLyme disease symptoms
Clin Infect Dis 2006431089-1134 The clinical assessment treatment and
prevention of Lyme disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis and
babesiosis clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of
America Wormser GP Dattwyler RJ Shapiro ED et al
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
Impair immune system
Trends in Immunology33(9) September 2012459ndash466 Antibiotics
microbiota and immune defense Ubeda C Pamer EG
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
ldquoAffect various host immune responses
adverselyhellip including leukocyte chemotaxis
lymphocyte and monocyte transformation
antibody production phagocytosis and the
microbicidal action of polymorphonuclear
leukocytesrdquo
Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 7th
Edition Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW et al MacMillan Publishing Co
NY19851084
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
Temporarily suppress acute inflammation via non-
antimicrobial effects
Europ J Pharmacol Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics Čulić
O Eraković V Parnham MJ
DOI 101016S0014-2999(01)01321-8
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antibiotics
bull Worsen dysbiosis
bull Favor chronic inflammation
Gastroenterol Int 19981129-30 Antibiotic impact on intestinal microflora Gismondo
MR
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme
Most cases of are remarkable for
histories of repeated and prolonged
overuse of antibiotics anteceding the
acquisition of Lyme by many years
often beginning in early childhood
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme
Most cases demonstrate a downward
spiral of worsening clinical
symptomatology directly
proportional to the frequency (and
length) of antibiotic therapy
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme
Risk of co-infections increases
proportionally with duration of
antibiotic use
Clinical Observation Whitmont RD
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Etiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic dysbiosis
Microbiome
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoSolutionsrdquo
bull Long-term antibiotics
bull Probiotics
bull Suppression of inflammation
bull Dump Germ Theory-Shift Paradigm
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull A 200 year old form of alternative Medicine
bull Currently used by more than 500 million worldwide
bull A form of Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience 20135(2)685-708 Adaptive network nanomedicine an integrated model for homeopathic medicine Bell I
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoIronically one of the most
controversial systems of alternative
medicine homeopathy could turn out to
be one of the oldest and demonstrably
safest forms of nanoparticle based
treatment already used worldwide for
infectious diseasesrdquo
Eur J Integr Med 20135(2)126-40 Advances in Integrative
Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in
Public Health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN et al
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Historically interpreted within a
vitalistic and spiritual conceptual
framework common in the 18th
Century
The Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
A form of
Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
Frontiers in Bioscience Adaptive network nanomedicine an
integrated model for homeopathic medicine 20135(2)685-
708 Bell I Schwartz GE
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) electron diffraction and chemical analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) the presence of physical entities in extreme homeopathic dilutions in the form of nanoparticles of the starting metals and their aggregates has been confirmed Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Medicines in high potencies (30c and 200c) involving huge dilution factors (1060 and 10400 respectively) are many orders of magnitude greater than Avogadrorsquos number and theoretically should not contain measurable remnants of the starting materials Homeopathy 201099(4)231-242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials A nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005006
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Observable nanoparticle forms of
source material (and silica) exist in
all homeopathic potencies
Int J High Dilution Res 201110299-310 Homeopathy
emerging as nanomedicine Upadhyay RP Nayak C
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles bull Measure from 1-100 nm in diameter bull Formed by
ndash Top-down milling from source material
ndash Bottom-up self-assembly
Advanced Drug Delivery Rev 201163427-40 Nanosizing for oral and parenteral drug delivery a perspective on formulating poorly-water soluble compounds using wet media milling technology Merisko-Liversidge E Liversidge GG
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles
Exhibit superior antioxidant properties than their respective bulk forms
J Agricult Food Chem 201260(21)5388-99 Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films Sonkaew P Sane A Suppakul P
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles
More effective drug delivery vehicles
than conventional bulk form drugs
bull Reach selective targets more
efficiently
bull Reduce total dosage needed
bull Cross Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Deliv 20107303-11 Nanoparticles a
promising therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis Antoniades
C Psarros C Tousoulis D et al
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanomedicine
Distinct advantages
bull Targets specific cells
bull Doses last longer
bull Therapeutic effects are magnified
(up to 1000 times)
Autoimmunity 200942368-72 Imaging inflammation in real
time- future of nanoparticles Hueber AJ Stevenson R Stokes
RJ et al
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles
Multiple selective effects bull Apoptosis bull Anti-inflammatory bull Antioxidant bull Immunomodulatory bull Bacterial viral fungal infectivity
PLoS ONE 2011 6e26684 PLGA PLGA-TMC and TMC-TPP nanoparticles differentially modulate the outcome of nasal vaccination by inducing tolerance or enhancing humor immunity Keijzer C Slutter B van der Zee R et al
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles
bull Reduce side effects
bull Greater efficacy
bull Lower costs
Methods in Enzymology 2012508271-94 Nanotechnology
as a promising strategy for alternative routes of insulin
delivery Reis CP Damge C
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanoparticles
bull At high doses
ndash Trigger stronger pharmacological effects
bull At low doses
ndash Mobilize non-pharmacological biological adaptation hormesis and endogenous amplification mechanisms
Homeopathy 99 (2010) pp 231ndash242 Extreme homeopathic dilutions retain starting materials a nanoparticulate perspective Chikramane PS Suresh AK Bellare JR et al
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Nanomedicine
bull Supports the patients adaptive networks leading to functional self reorganization as a biological network
bull Host expression of a more robust cellular defense system against infections and other stressors
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull The worldrsquos oldest form of
clinical nanomedicine
bull Thousands of published case
studies in worldwide database
bull Demonstrated effectiveness in a
wide range of acute chronic and
infectious conditions
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Plasmodium Malaria
Significant inhibitory effects on
parasite multiplication in vivo
Homeopathy 200695223-228 Effects of homeopathic
medications Eupatorium perfoliatum and Arsenicum alabum on
parasitemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice Lira-Salazar
G Marines-Montiel E Torres-Monzon J et al
DOI 101016jhomp200606003
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Antiviral Effects
Significant reductions of infectivity in
ndash Human herpesvirus 1 Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Influenza A virus Human respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus 3 Human rhinovirus B serotype 14 and Human coxsackievirus serotype A9
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007851084-90 In vitro evaluation of the antiviral effects of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel on selected respiratory viruses Glatthaar-Saalmuller B
DOI 101139Y07-100
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
HIVAIDS
Significant improvement in specific physical immunologic neurologic metabolic and quality-of-life benefits including
bull Lymphocyte counts and functions
bull HIV viral loads in HIVAIDS
J Alternat Complement Med 20039133-41 Controlled clinical trials evaluating the homeopathic treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome Ullman D
DOI 101089107555303321223008
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeoprophylaxis of
Leptospirosis
bull N=23 million in high risk epidemic
region
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of
highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control
Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Leptospirosis
bull Significantly reduced incidence in intervention regions
bull Increased incidence in non-intervention regions
bull Incidence fell below historic median
Homeopathy 201099156-66 Large-scale application of highly-diluted bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control Bracho G Varela E Fernandez R et al
DOI 101016jhomp201005009
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
bull 8 year follow-up cohort study
bull N=3709
bull 97 Chronic Disease
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Most frequent diagnoses
ndash migraine tension type headache sleep disorders depression anxiety disorders multiple eczemas psoriasis allergic dermatitis allergic rhinitis allergies dysmenorrhea multiple infections hypertension low back pain asthma
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Disease
bull Significant decreased severity (p lt 0001)
bull Physical and mental Quality of Life scores increased
bull Younger age female gender and more severe disease at baseline were most predictive factors of therapeutic success
BMC Public Health 20088413-421 How healthy are chronically ill patients after eight years of homeopathic treatment ndash Results from a long term observational study Witt CM Luumldtke R Mengler N et al
DOI1011861471-2458-8-413
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull Adaptive Network Nanomedicine
bull Directly impacts microbiome
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy and the
Microbiome
ldquoHomeopathic potencies are capable
of completely altering the bacterial
flora of the bowel and this fact has
been demonstrated in many
hundreds of casesrdquo
Br Hom J 193626163-188 The Potentised Drug and its
Action on the Bowel Flora Paterson J
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy and Lyme
Disease
ldquoThe judicious use of the classical
homeopathic method has proven
itself clinically effective in preventing
and treating illnesses like Lyme
disease in all its clinical stagesrdquo
J Am Inst Homeopathy 199790(4) 186-198 Homeopathy
and Lyme Disease Whitmont RD
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
A Case Report
Chronic Lyme Disease
Dysbiosis
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Initial Consultation
A 92-year-old Caucasian male retired
physician presented with complaints of
ldquoChronic Lyme Diseaserdquo
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Main Symptoms
bull Multiple tick bites over previous
year
bull Living in Lyme endemic region
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Treatment History
bull Initial Rx Doxycycline 100mg POBID for 28 days
followed by Cefdinir 600mg POQD for an
additional 26 days
bull Initial improvement while being treated followed
by relapse and worsening symptoms shortly after
discontinuing antibiotics
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Organon
ldquoThese [treatments] likewise do nothing but
debilitate and only suppress or suspend the
malady for a short time without being able to
cure it and when used for a long time always
add a new morbid state to the old diseaserdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 Aphorism 39123 Hahnemann SC
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Main Symptoms
bull Brain fog
bull Depression
bull Vertigo Worse after rising in the morning
bull Nausea with intolerance of spices and fatty foods
bull Prefers warm environments fresh air
bull ldquoClickingrdquo in neck
bull Night sweats
bull Fatigue ldquogreat effortrdquo to do deskwork Has not gone
outdoors in previous 2 months
bull Generalized Weakness with lack of energy
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Medical History
bull Multiple urinary complaints including
chronic urinary retention hesitancy
incontinence nocturia
bull Recent UTI treated with Ciprofloxacin
bull Life-long history of frequent recurrent
antibiotic use (at ldquoany signrdquo of cold or
infection)
bull IBS
bull Gastroparesis
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Medical History
bull Chronic recurrent sinusitis treated
repeatedly with antibiotics
bull Hiatal hernia
bull Osteopenia
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Medical History
bull Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)
of Spine
bull Prostate cancer sp radiation and
chemotherapy
bull Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA)
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Physical Examination
bull Tall thin frail Caucasian male
bull Appeared older than stated age
bull Pectus excavatum
bull Pale skin
bull No apparent distress
bull Vital signs and physical
examination otherwise
unremarkable and noncontributory
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Diagnostic Assessment
Antibiotic overuse and abuse with evidence
of chronic dysbiosis manifesting as
bull IBS
bull Chronic sinusitis
bull Chronic LymePost Lyme Syndrome
Dysbiosis leading to chronic malabsorbtion
and malnutrition contributing to
bull Osteopenia
bull Fatigue
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed Homeopathic
Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Classical Homeopathic
Prescribing
bull Depends on the total clinical pattern of
biopsychosocial symptoms
bull Relies on
ndash Individual salience
ndash State dependency in the host to elicit
beneficial rather than adverse effects
Global Advan Health Med 20143(1)36-53 Integrative
Nanomedicine Treating Cancer with nanoscale natural products
Bell I Sarter B Koithan M et al
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
1 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoDoing much betterrdquo
bull Nausea is ldquomildrdquo worse in morning after rising
better by noon
bull Vertigo only ldquoonce in a whilerdquo usually with
nausea
bull Still Feels head isnrsquot ldquolevelrdquo not ldquoeven-keeledrdquo
bull Nocturia ldquoimprovedrdquo
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Therapeutic Intervention
bull Classically Prescribed
Homeopathic Medicine 200c
bull One Single Dry Dose By Mouth
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
3 Month Follow-up
bull ldquoVery pleased over last 6 weeksrdquo
bull Gradual improvement in energy
bull No nausea
bull No GI distension
bull No recurrent sinusitis or UTI
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
3 Month Follow-up
bull No vertigo
bull No Brain fog
bull No more urinary incontinence
bull Asks ldquoHow do you discourage old
friends from staying too longrdquo
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
1 Year Follow-up
bull No recurrence of symptoms
bull No repetition of medicine
bull Feels strong and fit
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
1 Year Follow-up
Patient Perspective
ldquoIrsquom doing very well for 94 I have no
complaints If I continue how I am I
will be very satisfiedrdquo
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
-Review-
Homeopathy
The oldest continuously utilized form
of nanomedicine worldwide
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
A paradigm shift away from the
ldquoGerm Theoryrdquo
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Organon
ldquoIt was high timehellip to put a stop to these
abominations to command a cessation of
these tortureshellip in place of curing patients
render them incurable by the addition of new
chronic medicinal maladies by means of the
prolonged use of wrong powerful medicinesrdquo
Organon of Medicine 6th Ed 1842 79 Hahnemann SC
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Promotes
bull Resolution of inflammation
bull Resolution of dysbiosis
bull Integration of immune system and
microbiome
bull Restoration of health
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Effective in a wide range of clinical
conditions including
ndash Acute and Chronic illness
ndash Infections
ndash Chronic Lyme Disease
ndash Autoimmune Disease
ndash Cancer
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
Advantages
ndash Ecologically sustainable
ndash Holistic
ndash Compatible with microbiome
ndash Compatible with immune system
ndash Inexpensive
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Conclusionhellip
The Human Microbiome
bull The ecological foundation of
healthy growth development and
functioning
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Epidemic of Chronic Illness
bull An Iatrogenic side-effect of
conventional medicine
bull A result of the Germ Theory
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
The Germ Theory
bull Promotes microbiome and immune
system damage resulting in
inflammation dysbiosis
bull Should be 2nd line
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Chronic Lyme Disease
bull A example of a chronic dysbiosis -
inflammatory disease
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull A form of adaptive network
nanomedicine
bull Demonstrated efficacy in treating
(and preventing) acute chronic
and infectious diseases
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Homeopathy
bull Worldwide use
bull Well established time-honored
methodology
bull Safe and effective
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
Data from the Human Microbiome
Project provides a scientific
imperative to utilize and further
investigate homeopathy as
nanomedicine
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
ldquoRather than rejecting the entire filed of homeopathy
for its originally vitalistic interpretations it is time
for modern scientists to examine seriously the
nanomedicine implications of Hahnemannrsquos
empirical findings for integrative health carerdquo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine 5(2)126ndash140 Advances in integrative
nanomedicine for improving infectious disease treatment in public health Bell IR
Schwartz GE Boyer NN
DOI 101016jeujim201211002
