Globes: models of the earth; accurate

Maps: drawings of flat surfaces that show all or parts of the earth

Hemisphere: half of a sphere*Northern & Southern hemispheres are divided

by the equator.*Eastern & Western hemispheres are divided

by the prime meridian.

Directions:cardinal directions: north, south, east, &

westintermediate directions: northeast,

northwest, southeast, & southwest

example of a compass rose:

Scale: tells you how much smaller map distances are than real distances.example: 1 inch = 100 miles

legend: a table on a map listing and explaining the symbols used

symbol: anything that stands for something else

---------- paved road________ river++ hospital

Looking at the land:

region: an area with common features

physical features: on a map; such as mountains, lakes, and rivers

cultural features: on a map; such as cities and countries

Looking at the land continued…

4 main landforms: mountains, hills, plateaus, and plainsplain: large area with either level or gently rolling

landplateau: has mostly level surfaces, located at

higher elevations than plains

elevation: height above sea level

Kinds of maps:political map: shows countries, capitals, and

political boundaries

Kinds of maps:Physical map: shows landforms and bodies of

water such as mountains, deserts, plains, rivers, and oceansElevation map: uses color to show how high or

low the land is

Kinds of maps:distribution map: shows how particular

things are spread out throughout parts of the world.examples: population, rainfall, language, and crops

latitude: lines that run east and west, called parallels, and are parallel to the equator. They never cross other lines of latitude!equator: 0 degrees, starting place for

measuring latitude

longitude: lines that run north and south, called meridians. They meet at the north and south poles!prime meridian: 0 degrees, starting place for

measuring longitude

A way to remember Latitude and Longitude…

The Equator sat,On a line of lat,

The Poles join strong,The lines of long!

What is absolute location?

absolute location: the pinpoint location where lines of latitude and longitude cross

What is climate?

climate: weather patterns of an area over a long period of time

precipitation: any form of water; rain, hail, or snow that falls to the earth

What are glaciers? glaciers: thick sheets of slow moving ice, once

covered the earth during Ice Ages; few still cover the earth today

What is culture?

culture: a way of life of a group of people