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Map Elements

Map Elements. The Earth Latitude and Longitude Maps and globes usually have lines on them to help locate places on Earth. These lines are called latitude

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Map Elements

The Earth

Latitude and LongitudeMaps and globes usually have lines on them to help locate places on Earth. These lines are called latitude and longitude.

Latitude Lines

circle the globe in an east-west direction parallel to the equator.

measure how far north or south a point on Earth is from the equator.

The equator is 0o latitude. North of the equator

locations are from 0o to 90oN

South of the equator locations are from 0o to 90oSLines of Latitude Vide

o

Longitude Longitude lines run from

the North to the South Pole

The Prime Meridian in Greenwich, England is 0o longitude

East of the Prime Meridian the values are 0 to 180oE

West of the Prime Meridian the values are 0 to 180o W

Lines of Longitude

Prime Meridian

West

East

Tropic of Cancer 23 ½ o N, Tropic of Capricorn 23 1/2 o S

Courtenay, BC

Hemispheres

By using the equator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.

Northern Hemisphere

The Northern Hemisphere is 39% land and 61% Ocean

Equator

Northern Hemisphere

The majority of land and the majority of the world's population is in the Northern Hemisphere, so we tend to orient world maps with North at the top

N.America

Africa

Asia

Southern Hemisphere

Notice that the Southern Hemisphere is 19% land and 81% Ocean

Southern Hemisphere

South

America

Australia

Africa

CompassA compass is a tool that helps the user know what direction one is headed.

North does NOT always point up

Compass Rose

The needle on a compass is magnetized to point to the earth's north magnetic pole. Thus with a compass, a person can roughly tell which direction they are headed.

Directions

The cardinal directions are north, south, east, and west.

The intermediate directions are northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest.

They help describe the location of places in relation to other places.

Scale Maps are made to scale; that is,

there is a direct connection between a unit of measurement on the map and the actual distance.

For example, each inch on the map represents one mile on Earth. So, a map of a town would show a mile-long strip of fast food joints and auto dealers in one inch.

Map Legends The legend is the key to unlocking the

secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map.

Religions Legend

Can you understand this legend?

Age Expectancy

Legend