Future challenges and research gapsExample of urban areasAlternative water resources

Céline Hervé-BazinWssTP

What is the WssTP?

The Water supply and sanitation Technology Platform, the WssTP, is a European collaboration between Industry, Research groups, Policy makers and Water users.

We are a European Technology Platform initiated in 2004 (Lisbon Agenda)

We worked as a NGO since 2007. It gave a legal structure to our network.

51 members, 142 contributing organisation, 450 persons…

from 28 countries

Main scientific contribution...

• Vision document in 2005.• Strategic Research Agenda in 2006, update in

progress. • Implementation document in 2007.

• Five Reports in 2008, scientific publication in 2009:•Managing rain events and flooding in urban areas•Asset Management for sustainable urban water•Supply Demand Balance & Public Participation•Alternative water resources•Sustainable Sludge Management in Urban Areas

• Six new reports planned for 2009: •Managed Aquifer Recharge•Climate Change•Costal Zones•Sensors & Monitoring•Irrigation•Water reuse

4 Global challenges

1/ Increasing water stress and water costsQuality and quantity issue

2/ Increasing urbanisationMaintain water infrastructures & manage water demand3/ Extreme climatic eventsFlood; drought; scarcity4/ Many rural and under-developed areasEasy, reliable and affordable technologies

How to link global challenges How to link global challenges

with network activities and our mission with network activities and our mission

to deliver vision and recommendations?to deliver vision and recommendations?

Pilot programmes

Organised in 6 pilot programmes on challenging topics:1. Mitigation of water stress in coastal zones2. Urban areas3. Sustainable management of agriculture4. Sustainable use of water in industry5. Reclamation of degraded zones6. Hydro climatic event

How does it work?

Sustainable water management inside and around large urban areas

Increasing urbanisation:

More than 50% of the population will live in urban areas. & Different issues related to size.

1. Flood and Rainfall management PREPARED

2. Asset Management

3. Balancing water demand with environment includes alternative water resources

4. Sludge, waste water and energy

5. Water treatment

6. Sensors

7. Pollution control

Led by M. Farrimond, UKWIR

ExampleExample

Sub-Group: Sub-Group: Alternative water resourcesAlternative water resources

Other resources than the traditional underground and Other resources than the traditional underground and

surface watersurface water

Water scarcity: a global issue

• Demography• today 6.7 billions people, about 10 billions 2050• Urbanisation (50% now, 80% in 2030)• Spacial and temporal pressure (coastal cities, tourism)

• Wealth increase• Agriculture: 70% water requirement• Industrialisation: 24% water requirement• Energy: >50% water abstraction for energy (F, B, DE, etc)• MGD: Reduce by half non-access to potable water by 2015

• Climate change• More extreme events• Regions with less precipitation

• World water needs• By 2025: 200 km3 storage capacity required• By 2050: 3 billions people suffering from water scarcity

Water scarcity and drought in Europe

February 2008: EU Report ‘Water Scarcity and Drought’• Water stress: affect 130 millions inhabitants

(30% of population in Europe)• Southern Europe• Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, UK

• Increased droughts in past 30 years, impacting 100 millions inhabitants (20%) in 4 events since 1989

• Over past 30 years: €100 billion cost to EU economy(€8.7 billion in 2003)

March 2008: EU Report ‘Climate change & international security’• Wikipedia: “Water scarcity” redirected to “Water politics and water

related conflicts”

March 2009: EEA Report ‘Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought’

Responses to water scarcity

Water scarcity = disparity between supply and demand= increasing competition on resources

1. Demand management (increase productivity) Advanced irrigation methods Water saving device Reduce non revenue water Public education, incentives

2. Allocation (phase out uses) … equity? Agriculture Industry Domestic Ecosystems and biodiversity

3. Supply management (alternative water resources)

Options for alternative water sources

Alternative water resource Solution

Saline waterSeawater, brackish / shallow groundwater

Desalination

Reclaimed waterMunicipal, industrial, domestic recylcingNon potable purposes, eco. enhancementDirect (?) / indirect potable use

Water reuse

RainwaterRoof, urban run-off, land run-off, atmospheric water harvesting

Rainwater harvesting

GroundwaterWater storage and recovery, ASR, bank filtration, infiltration, wetlands, …

Managed Aquifer Recharge

Water transportation Transbondary allocation

Direct Costs of Water Supply / Demand Options

Marsden Jacobs Assocc. For Dept. PM&C, Sydney, Adelaïde, Perth, Newcastle

Scope of Work

5 Topics identified for working group1. Desalination2. Water reuse3. Rain water harvesting4. Managed Aquifer Recharge5. Cross-topic issues

R&D on alternative water resources to provide tools for addressing urban Water Scarcity in Europe from the supply side in complementarity to efforts done on demand side

In water-stress areas, more efforts will be devoted to looking for non-conventional resources.

Public health, consumer requirements and environmental issues will be the main issues to solve

Development in accordance with the uses and the regulations.

Main recommendations

• Social, economical and environmental impacts and benefits of water demand and supply management options at catchment scale

• Adaptation of design and mix of supplies to global changes in large conurbation areas• Socio-economic and regulatory framework for rainwater harvesting and management (RWHM)• Development of Eco-Roof Technologies for future sustainable buildings• Market survey ‘EU wide saline water resources’• Vision Desalination 2030 -1 kWh/m3• Minimization of environmental impacts of brackish and seawater desalination facilities• Recycling of municipal effluents for municipal and industrial purposes with adapted hybrid technologies

Find out our recommendations on urban areas

Thank for your attention!www.wsstp.eu