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Managing Football: An InternationalPerspective



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Managing Football: An InternationalPerspective

Sean Hamil and Simon Chadwick

AMSTERDAM $ BOSTON $ HEIDELBERG $ LONDON $ NEW YORK $ OXFORDPARIS $ SAN DIEGO $ SAN FRANCISCO $ SINGAPORE $SYDNEY $ TOKYO

Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier



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Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier

Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK

30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA

First edition 2010

Copyright 2010, Mr. Sean Hamil and Professor Simon Chadwick.

Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The right of Author names to be identified as the authors of this work has been

asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system

or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying,

recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher

Permissions may be sought directly from Elseviers Science & Technology Rights

Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333;

email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online by

visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions , and selecting

Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material

Notice

No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons

or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use

or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material

herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent

verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

ISBN: 978-1-85617-544-9

For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit

our website at books.elsevier.com

Printed and bound in Great Britain

10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1



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Contents

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.......................................................................... ix

BIOGRAPHIES ..................................................................................... xi

FOREWORD......................................................................................xxiii

Part 1 Managing Football

CHAPTER 1 Introduction and market overview...................................... 3


CHAPTER 2 Ownership and governance ............................................ 17

Geoff Walters and Sean Hamil

CHAPTER 3 New media challenges in the twenty-first century ............. 37

James Santomier and Artur Costabiei

CHAPTER 4 Public relations and the media ....................................... 55

Maria Hopwood

CHAPTER 5 Law and regulation ........................................................ 73

Steve Greenfield and Guy Osborn

CHAPTER 6 International and global development .............................. 85

Sten Soderman, Harald Dolles and Thorsten Dum

CHAPTER 7 Sports marketing and sponsorship................................. 103

James Skinner

CHAPTER 8 Finance in the football industry .................................... 119

John Beech

CHAPTER 9 Supply chain management and retailing ........................ 151

Leigh Sparks

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CHAPTER 10 Organising and human resource management .............. 169

Linda Trenberth

CHAPTER 11 Leagues and competitions ......................................... 185

Saurabh Patel and Stefan Szymanski

CHAPTER 12 Agents and intermediaries.......................................... 201

Raffaele Poli

CHAPTER 13 Stadia and facilities ................................................. 217

Paul Turner, Pamm Kellett, Heath McDonald,

and Constantino Stavros

Part 2 Managing Football in the Big Five

CHAPTER 14 England.................................................................... 239John Beech

CHAPTER 15 Spain ....................................................................... 265

Carlos Mart, Ignacio Urrutia, and Angel Barajas

CHAPTER 16 Italy ......................................................................... 281

Sergio Cherubini and Andrea Santini

CHAPTER 17 France...................................................................... 303

Michel Desbordes and Alexis Hamelin

CHAPTER 18 Germany ................................................................... 321Andre Buhler

Part 3 Managing Football in Emerging Markets

CHAPTER 19 Australia................................................................... 339

Dave Arthur and Greg Downes

CHAPTER 20 North America........................................................... 357

Frank Pons and Andre Richelieu

CHAPTER 21 China ....................................................................... 373Li Jingbo, Ruqi Zhou, and Adrian Pritchard

CHAPTER 22 South Africa ............................................................. 387

Urmilla Bob, Scarlett Cornelissen, and Kamilla Swart

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Part 4 Managing Football in Established Markets

CHAPTER 23 The Netherlands and Belgium..................................... 409

Trudo DeJonghe, Sjef van Hoof, Wim Lagae, and

Jos Verschueren

CHAPTER 24 Mexico ..................................................................... 437

Liz Crolley and Rogelio Roa

CHAPTER 25 South Korea.............................................................. 457

Chong Kim

GLOSSARY ...................................................................................... 473

INDEX ..........................................................................................................483

Contents vii



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Acknowledgements

Sean and Simon wish to thank all the contributors to the book for their hard

work and diligence in completing their chapters. In addition, they reserve

special thanks for Francesca Ford who commissioned the book and has since

left Elsevier, and for Eleanor Blow and Holly Bathie at Elsevier who subse-

quently took up Frans mantle and helped us bring the book to final publi-

cation. They would also like to thank Hannah Libya Russel, production

project manager for the book at Elsevier, for her excellent work throughout.

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Biographies

Dave Arthur

Dave is a senior lecturer in the Department of Exercise Science and Sport

Management at Southern Cross University, where he coordinates the Masters

of International Sport Management degree. He has contributed chapters to

many books, a range of articles in leading sport journals, and is a member of

the editorial board ofSport Management Review. In addition to academia, he

has consulted to leading sporting organisations, including the National RugbyLeague, South Sydney Rugby League Club, and the Australian Sports

Commission. His abiding sporting passion, however, is rugby union. As

a practicing journalist he was accredited for the 2003 Rugby World Cup, and in

2006, he was privileged to be the Pacific Islanders media manager for their

three Test series versus Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.

Angel Barajas

Angel is an associate professor of finance at the Faculty of Business Administration and Tourism, University of Vigo, and researcher of the

Spanish Economic Observatory for Sport. His main research topic is football

finances. He is the author of El valor economico del futbol and Las finanzas

detras del balon.

John Beech

John is head of Sport and Tourism Applied Research and codirector of CIBS

(Centre for the International Business of Sport) at Coventry University Busi-

ness School, United Kingdom. His current research interests are in insolvency

in English football clubs and postcommercialisation in sports businesses. John

is coeditor ofThe Marketing of Sport, The Business of Sport Management, and

The Business of Tourism Management (all published by FT Prentice Hall).

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Urmilla Bob

Urmilla is an associate professor in the discipline of geography, School of

Environmental Sciences at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

She has published in several journals and contributed chapters to many

books on sports eventsdrecently focusing on the 2010 FIFA Soccer World

Cup. She also supervises postgraduate students who are undertaking

research on 2010 and sports events in general. Some of the issues being

researched include residents perceptions, socioeconomic impacts, the

greening of sport events, and legacy impacts.

Andre Buhler

After studying management, marketing and business psychology atNurtingen University (Germany), Andre obtained a PhD in the field of sports

marketing at the University of Plymouth in 2006. He then returned to

Germany and became a research & scholarship consultant and lecturer in

management & marketing at the Heidelberg International Business

Academy. Andre currently works for the world-wide leading sports research

consultancy IFM where he holds the position of Head of Market Research.

He has published a number of papers and co-authored various books on

sports management and sports marketing.

Simon Chadwick (Coeditor)

Simon is a professor of sport business strategy and marketing and a director

of CIBS (Centre for the International Business of Sport) at Coventry

University Business School, United Kingdom. He has researched and pub-

lished extensively in the area of sport marketing and commercial strategy in

sport, and is coeditor of The Marketing of Sport, The Business of Sport

Management, and The Business of Tourism Management (all published by

FT Prentice Hall), andInternational Cases in the Business of Sport (published

by Butterworth Heinemann).

Sergio Cherubini

Sergio is full professor of marketing and director of the Sport Management

Unit at Roma Tor Vergata University, Italy. He is author of many books and

Biographiesxii



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articles in the areas of marketing, strategy, and organization, with particular

interest in sport management, including Marketing Sportivo, published by

Franco Angeli Editore, Milano.

Scarlett Cornelissen

Scarlett is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at

Stellenbosch University, South Africa. She is the author of a book on South

Africas place in the global tourism system (2005, Ashgate) and the coeditor

of three other books, one on African international relations (2006, University

of Cape Town Press) and two on comparative perspectives on globalisation

(2007, Palgrave). She serves on the editorial board of Leisure Studies and is

Africa editor of this journal.

Artur Costabiei

Artur is currently a communications manager for LM2, a marketing agency

representing Winter sport athletes and organisations in Alto Adige, Italy. Prior

to joining LM2, he was an account manager with Global Sportnet. He has

a masters of arts in sports management from the University of Florence, Italy.

Liz Crolley

Liz lectures in the business and management of football at the University of

Liverpool Football Industry Group. She has published widely on social,

economic, cultural, and political aspects of football, but her roots as a linguist

attract her particularly to Spain, Italy, and South America. Recent books

include Football, Europe and the Press (coauthor, 2006), Futbol, Futebol,

Soccer: Football in the Americas (coeditor, 2007), and Football and European

Identity (coauthor, 2002).

Michel Desbordes

Michel is a professor at the University of Paris Sud 11, France. He is also

a professor at the ISC School of Management (Paris, France). He has published

16 books (United Kingdom, Spain, France, Russia) and 22 academic articles in

this field. His last book in English isMarketing and Football: An International

Perspective, which was published by Elsevier in October 2006.

Biographies xiii



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Trudo Dejonghe

Trudo is professor of economics, international economics, and sports

economics at the Lessius University College, Antwerp, and a guest professor

of sports economics at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels in Belgium and

Copenhagen Business School in Denmark. He has researched and published

extensively in the areas of restucturing football leagues and the necessity for

new football stadia. He has published Dutch books on sports economics with

Arko Sportsmedia Nieuwegein. With Butterworth-Heinemann (2009) he has

published a book on sports economics with Paul Downward and Alistair

Dawson. Because of his economic and geographical research background he

also published a book entitled Sport in de Wereld (sport in the global space)

with Academia Press Gent.

Harald Dolles

Harald is professor of management and international business at Heilbronn

Business School, Germany, and a visiting professor at the Instituto de

Empresa Business School, Spain. He researches international cooperative

ventures, entrepreneurship, and sports business, all fields in which he has

published widely.

Greg Downes

Greg works at Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales,

Australia, where he is a sessional unit assessor in sport management in the

School of Health and Human Services. Greg has consulted widely in the area

of sport management and local government recreational planning, and has

had twenty years experience in the field of local government and community

planning. He has a bachelors degree in economics and a masters degree in

international sport management.

Thorsten Dum

Thorsten is a research associate and Ph.D. student at the Department of

Management and International Business at Heilbronn Business School. After

graduating in sport science from the German Sport University of Cologne,

with a specialisation in sport management and sport economics, he has been

Biographiesxiv



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working as a project manager in the sports business, mainly specialising in

planning and implementing sports-related events. His research interest

currently focuses on sport sponsorship.

Steve Greenfield

Steve is a senior academic in law at the University of Westminster in London.

He has written on many areas of law and film, as well as other areas of

popular culture, including music, sport, and leisure. Steve is one of the

founding editors of the Entertainment and Sports Law Journal. Along with

Guy Osborn and Peter Robson, his book Film and the Lawwill be published

by Hart Publishing in 2010. Steve is also coeditor of the Routledge book

series Studies in Law, Society and Popular Culture.

Alexis Hamelin

Alexis is a commercial executive with the Racing Club de Strasbourg football

team in France and with the SPORTFIVE consulting firm.

Sean Hamil (Coeditor)

Sean is a lecturer in the Management Department, Birkbeck College,

University of London. A graduate of Trinity College Dublin and the London

School of Economics, he has published in the areas of corporate social

responsibility and the governance and regulation of sport. He has coedited

three books on regulation and governance and regulations in the football

industry: The Changing Face of the Football Business: Supporters Direct,

London: Frank Cass (2001); Football in the Digital Age: Whose Game Is It

Anyway? Edinburgh: Mainstream (2000); and A Game of Two Halves? The

Business of Football, Edinburgh: Mainstream (1999). He is a cofounder anddirector of Birkbeck College, University of Londons Sport Business Centre.

He is an elected director of Supporters Direct, and was responsible for estab-

lishing Supporter Directs activities in Scotland. Supporters Direct is funded

by the U.K. government with the aim of promoting and supporting the

concept of democratic supporter ownership and representation at football

clubs through mutual, not-for-profit structures.

Biographies xv



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Sjef van Hoof

Sjef is an economic geographer with in an interest in sports research at the

NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. He has been

editor of the sports section in the Bosatlas of the Netherlands.

Maria Hopwood

Maria is a senior lecturer in public relations at Leeds Metropolitan Univer-

sity in the UK. Her research interests are in sports public relations and

marketing communications, in which areas she has published a number of

book chapters and journal articles. Having a particular interest in the

evolution of cricket, her current research is into the public relations impact

of Twenty20 cricket.

Pamm Kellett

Pamm is a senior lecturer in sport management in the School of Manage-

ment & Marketing at Deakin University in Australia. She has published

extensively in the area of sport management and is an Editorial Review Board

member of Sport Management Review.

Chong Kim

Chong is professorof sport industry andmanagement,anddirector of theSIMC

(Sport Industry and Marketing Centre), at Hanyang University, Korea. He has

researched extensively in the area of sport industry and marketing. He has also

worked as chairman of the Sport Industry Promotion Forum in Korea.

Wim Lagae

Wim is professor of marketing communications at the Lessius UniversityCollege, Antwerp, in Belgium. He is also a guest lecturer in sports marketing

and communications at the faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation

Sciences at the Catholic University of Leuven. He is author of Sports Spon-

sorship and Marketing Communications: A European Perspective (Financial

Times/Prentice Hall) and has published in the area of sports sponsorship

communications.

Biographiesxvi



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Jingbo Li

Jingbo is associate professor of physical education at Sun Yet-Sen University,

Peoples Republic of China. He has researched extensively in the areas of

physical education and sports training in China. He is the coeditor ofFootball

and Sports and Health (both published by Sun Yet-Sen University Press), and

Basic Theory in Physical Education (published by Guangdong Higher Educa-

tion Press).

Carlos Mart

Carlos is a lecturer at the Centre for Sport Business Management (CSBM) at

IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Spain. He received his Ph.D.from Complutense University, an MSc. from Clark University, and a BAJ.

from University of Navarra. He has been a consultant with the Madrid

Consulting Group. He is also a partner and consultant in the Digital

Operators Group and Key International Sport companies.

Heath McDonald

Heath is an associate professor of marketing at Deakin University in

Australia. His research interests include sports, arts, and nonprofitmarketing, with a specific emphasis on consumer behaviour in subscription

markets such as season-ticket holders.

Guy Osborn

Guy is professor of law at the University of Westminster in London and

visiting professor at Norwegian University of Science and Technology

(NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. Guy is one of the founding editors of theEntertainment and Sports Law Journal and has written widely in the area of

law and popular culture. Along with Steve Greenfield and Peter Robson, his

bookFilm and the Lawwill be published by Hart Publishing in 2010. Guy is

a coeditor of the book series Studies in Law, Society and Popular Culture and

chair of the Law and Popular Culture Working Group for the Research

Committee for the Sociology of Law.

Biographies xvii



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Saurabh Patel

Saurabh is a doctoral student at the Cass Business School, City University,

London, England.

Raffaele Poli

A geographer and sociologist by training, Raffaele has worked as a scientific

collaborator at the International Centre for Sports Studies at the Universite

de Neuchatel since November 2002. Since September 2008, he has been

a junior professor assistant at the Institute of Sport Science and Physical

Education of the University of Lausanne. He is the cofounder of the

Professional Football Players Observatory and researches issues related to

migration, labour markets, globalization, social networks, identity, and

geopolitics. He is coeditor of the Annual Review of the European Football

Players Labour Market.

Frank Pons

Frank is an associate professor at Universite Laval (Canada). He has published

in the Journal of Business Research, Psychology and Marketing,theJournal of

Services Research, and the Sport Marketing Quarterly. He is on the editorial

board of the International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship and

was guest editor of several special issues in sport marketing journals.

Adrian Pritchard

Adrian is a lecturer at Coventry University. Since September 2006, he has

been based at Guandong University of Foreign Studies, China. His research

interests lie in sport and tourism.

Andre Richelieu

Andre

is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Business Administration,Universite Laval, Canada and a specialist in brand management and sports

marketing. His research interests relate to: how professional sports teams can

internationalise their brand; how sports teams can improve fans experience

at the sport venue and outside the stadium and increase fans attachment to

the team; and how sports teams and equipment makers can capitalise on the

Hip Hop/Urban movement.

Biographiesxviii



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Rogelio Roa

Rogelio is the commercial directorat DreaMatch Solutions, a sports marketing

firm in Mexico. He is the coauthor of the bookLa isla del futbol, in which he

offers a personal view of the English Premier League, developed while he was

obtaining his MBA on football industries at the University of Liverpool. He

lectures in Sports Marketing at Anahuac University and is a journalist for

www.mediotiempo.com, the most popular football site in Mexico.

Andrea Santini

Andrea is coordinator of the masters in sports economics and management at

the University of Rome Tor Vergata, lecturer in sports management and

business communication at the same university, and guest speaker onvarious courses in marketing and business management. His main research

interests are marketing in the entertainment industry, sports facilities

planning, and operation and events organisation. He has published various

articles and books on these topics.

James Santomier

James is currently a professor at the John F. Welch College of Business and

director of the sport management programme at Sacred Heart University,Fairfield, Connecticut, United States. He is also a visiting professor at the

University of Bayreuth, Germany, and the University of Florence, Italy. He

received his bachelors and masters in physical education from Montclair

State University, and a doctorate degree in physical education from the

University of Utah. Areas of study include sport management and the

psychosocial aspects of physical activity and sport. James has published

extensively in the areas of sport management, sociology of sport, and

psychosocial aspects of sport. He has presented at international and national

conferences and has appeared on numerous radio and television programs.

James Skinner

James is a faculty member at Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus. His

research focuses on culture as it relates to organisational change and sporting

studies, sport as a vehicle for social change, sport policy and governance, and

sport globalisation studies. He has published extensively in these areas and

Biographies xix



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in the use of qualitative research methods and theoretical frameworks for

sport management research.

Sten Soderman

Sten is professor of international business at the Stockholm University

School of Business and visiting professor at the University of Luxembourg.

His research has focused on market strategy development and imple-

mentation and is currently concentrated on the international expansion of

European firms in Asia and the global entertainment economy.

Leigh Sparks

Leigh is professor of retailstudies at the Institute for Retail Studies, University

of Stirling, Scotland. He has researched and published extensively on aspects

of retailing and distribution and at Stirling teaches sports marketing.

Constantino Stavros

Constantino is a senior academic in the School of Economics, Finance &

Marketing at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. He has published

widely in academic, practitioner, and public outlets, and has taught sport

marketing in both Australia and Europe.

Kamilla Swart

Kamilla is a senior lecturer/researcher and director of the Centre for Tourism

Research in Africa (CETRA), Cape Peninsula University of Technology. She

has researched and published extensively in the areas of sport and event

tourism, with a specific focus on the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup and event

evaluations. Her manuscripts have been published in the Journal of Sport

Tourism, Visions in Leisure and Business, Third World Quarterly, and Politikon,

amongst others, and she coauthored the first U.S. text on sport tourism in

2002.

Stefan Szymanski

Stefan is a graduate of the University of Oxford, Hertford College, where he

gained a first degree in politics, philosophy, and economics. He began his

Biographiesxx



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teaching career at London Business School before moving to Imperial College

in 1993. He is professor of economics at Cass Business School, City

University London. Stefan is also an economics professor and is widely

acknowledged as one of Europes leading sports economists.

Linda Trenberth

Linda is senior lecturer in management at Birkbeck, University of London.

Linda works in a range of areas but in the sport management area has

contributed to and coedited the first and only texts in sport management in

New Zealand in 1994, 1999, and again in 2006. She also edited a text

Managing the Business of Sport published in the United Kingdom in 2004,

which is about to be revised, and has published in the area of sports

marketing. Her other research interests include issues around the manage-

ment of the employee-employer relationships; HRM and organizational

performance; women in management; and work stress, leisure, and health.

Linda is a codirector of the Birkbeck Sport Business Centre.

Paul Turner

Paul is a senior lecturer and discipline coordinator for sport management

within the School of Management and Marketing at Deakin University in

Melbourne, Australia. His scholarly interests are in the areas of sport media

(particularly sport broadcasting) and facility and event management.

Ignacio Urrutia

Ignacio is dean of the social science faculty of Nebrija University Madrid,

Spain. His interests cover a wide range of business issues including control

and sport management. He currently focuses his research on the link

between the strategic goals of sports clubs and their implementation. He is

a member of the international faculty of IESE Business Schools Centre for

Sport Business Management (CSBM) and has lectured at Carlos III Univer-

sity and Instituto de Empresa.

Jos Verschueren

Jos is programme director of sports management at Vrije Universiteit Brussel

(Brussels Free University). He is also founder of the Sport Management

Knowledge Centre at the same university. He has over 15 years of consulting

Biographies xxi



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and academic business experience in sports marketing and communication,

sports partnership branding, sports business, and management. In 1995, he

startedCom Together-Sports & Communication (Lennik-Brussels) as a spinoff

of his academic activities. He serves a broad range of clients in developing

corporate sports partnership strategies (e.g., Siemens), forging cross-brands

sports alliances (e.g., Belgian Olympic and Interfederal Committee), and

enhancing performance through sports partnership effectiveness (e.g.,

National Lottery). He holds university degrees from Hogeschool-Universiteit

Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen in the

Netherlands, and Universite de Lausanne in Switzerland.

Geoff Walters

Geoff is a lecturer in the Department of Management at Birkbeck, University

of London, and a co-director of the Birkbeck Sport Business Centre. Agraduate of Lancaster University and the University of Manchester, he

completed his Ph.D. at Birkbeck in 2007, examining corporate governance in

the football industry. His current research focuses on governance and regu-

lation in sport and corporate social responsibility.

Ruiqi Zhou

Ruiqi is associate professor of English at Guangdong University of Foreign

Studies, Peoples Republic of China. Her main research interest is business

English teaching. She is the coeditor of International Trade Practice(published by University of International Business and Economics Press),

Business Etiquette in English, and A Dictionary of English Synonyms and

Antonyms (both published by Sun Yet-Sen University Press).

Biographiesxxii



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Foreword

Football is often referred to as the global game and is all-pervasive across

most parts of the world. Indeed, countless people play the game, talk about it,

and generally organise their leisure time around it. Alongside this, football

has progressed from being a ritual and a celebration to become an amateur

sport, a professional sport, and now, increasingly, a commercial sport. This

means that football in many countries now faces a distinctive set of chal-

lenges. In particular, this includes reconciling the history and traditions of

the game with the commercial opportunities and problems posed by thetwenty-first century.

Managing Football: An International Perspective therefore sets out to

examine football in this context. It is recognised that football has a proud,

noble heritage as a cultural asset that is worth preserving. However, the

underlying premise of the book is that football today faces a future that

increasingly requires people involved in, or associated with, the sport to adopt

a professional, strategic, and sometimes commercially focused approach to

the administration of the institutions that make up what we might describe

as the football industry.

As such, the book is not necessarily a celebration of the history andtraditions of football or of the increasing commercialisation of it. Rather, it

aims to identify and analyse the most important matters facing managers in

the football industry in all its facets. It is important to note that this, in part,

refers to the people who manage teams of 11 players: the coach, the director

of football, and the team manager. Yet, the book focuses much more on

management off the field of play. While this inevitably has a link to what

happens in football matches, we clearly focus here on issues such as sound

business practice, the technological environment in which football clubs

operate, the successful marketing of football, and managing football in an

international and global context. In essence, therefore, we aim to ensure thatreaders will have a better understanding of the administration of the football

industry, and the institutions within it, after reading this book.

xxiii



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The book is essentially split into two sections: The first deals with the

application of mainstream management disciplines to football, as well as

consideration of those challenges that are highly specific to, or distinctive in,

football. While there are certain aspects of management that all industries

and activities sharedfor instance, managing scarce resourcesdfootball faces

some key challenges that others do not. These include issues of competition

structure, the particular nature of fandom, and the debt levels facing many

clubs.

In the second section of the book, the global nature of the sport is

acknowledged. It includes chapters that examine contemporary football

management issues in countries as diverse as England, Australia, Mexico,

and South Africa. Throughout this section of the book, the intention has

been to highlight the simultaneous similarities and differences that are

evident in a selection of countries in which football is played and watched

around the world.Our ultimate hope is that readers will enjoy this book and find it useful for

many reasons. At the very least, because the book is about football, it is

anticipated that people will be able to gain an even stronger insight into

a sport of which many already have an extensive knowledge. It is nevertheless

also anticipated that the book will help contribute to developments in

practice and knowledge in the area of the business management of the

football industry in all its dimensions and will be of interest not only to

students studying sports management but to management practitioners in

all areas of the games administration and related industries.


July 2009

Forewordxxiv



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Front Matter 9bfd56e7d90cb0ac9f332c90ff76fe75