FAIRA TRANSPARENCY REPORTS 3811 A St, Tacoma, WA 98418 · without any bias or influence from the seller(s). In fact, these reports are materially identical had you as the buyer(s)

608 State St. South Kirkland, WA 98033

www.faira.com

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FAIRA TRANSPARENCY REPORTS

3811 A St, Tacoma, WA 98418

Thank you for your interest in this Faira Certified home. We have coordinated the efforts of certified and licensed inspection and title professionals to create the Faira Transparency Reports for this home. The Faira Transparency Reports are a detailed portfolio of information that is prepared on behalf of buyers in preparation for making an informed offer on the property.

You may view more detailed information for this home and can make an offer at

http://www.faira.com/listings/12025 All of the information in the Faira Transparency Reports was gathered and compiled without any bias or influence from the seller(s). In fact, these reports are materially identical had you as the buyer(s) ordered the same professionals to perform the evaluations on the same date. Nevertheless, Faira takes no obligation of the reports being complete or accurate. The buyers are recommended to conduct their own due-diligence to their satisfaction. Please contact us if you have any questions or would like more information. We’re happy you’ve chosen a Faira Certified home and look forward to the opportunity of working with you! The Faira Team

Confidential Inspection Report

LOCATED AT:3811 A St

Tacoma, Washington 98418

PREPARED EXCLUSIVELY FOR:Faira.com

INSPECTED ON:Monday, May 7, 2018

Inspector, Isaac McPhee Strong Foundations Home Inspection

Page 2 of 114Copyright© 2010-2018, SPECTACULAR, Strong Foundations Home Inspection, Isaac McPhee 18-05001

Executive Summary

This is a summary review of the inspectors' findings during this inspection. However, it does not contain every detailed observation. This is provided as an additional service to our client, and is presented in the form of a listing of the items which, in the opinion of your inspector, merit further attention, investigation, or improvement. Some of these conditions are of such a nature as to require repair or modification by a skilled craftsman, technician, or specialist. Others can be easily handled by a homeowner such as yourself.

Often, following the inspector's advice will result in improved performance and/or extended life of the component(s) in question. In listing these items, your inspector is not offering any opinion as to who, among the parties to this transaction, should take responsibility for addressing any of these concerns. As with most of the facets of your transaction, we recommend consultation with your Real Estate Professional for further advice with regards to the following items:

= Item in poor condition, warranting immediate repair or replacement

= Item that warrants repair or replacement now or in the near term, but does not pose an immediate risk or threat

= Upgrade recommended, but not required

= Potentially dangerous or hazardous condition that should be corrected as soon as possible (safety concern)

= Item not operating at the time of the inspection, or unable to be inspected for another reason

= Item that warrants continued monitoring or further evaluation by licensed professional. Though issues may not necessarily exist in the present or are not readily visible, monitoring or further evaluation is recommended.

Introductory Notes

NOTES

1: - The home was occupied at the time of the inspection, with personal possessions and furniture in every room of the home that prohibited the inspection of some surfaces or systems. This includes numerous electrical outlets, lights, walls, floors, etc. We recommend further evaluation of the home if it becomes vacant, in order to more thoroughly evaluate the condition.

Exterior/Site/Ground

EXTERIOR PLUMBING

2: - One or more hose bib(s) is/are dripping/leaking. We recommend the washer be replaced and/or the packing nut be tightened.

GAS PIPING

3: - Gas piping is present at the exterior of the home, though no source of gas was present, and no gas-fired appliances were installed in the home. Recommend removing old gas pipes as desired.


WIRING

4: - There is an uncovered junction box at the exterior (patio) closet. We recommend this box be covered to protect the wiring connections.

5: - There are abandoned wires mixed with live wires at an abandoned subpanel box near the electrical meter/panel. We recommend ensuring all live wire connections are properly enclosed for safety and to protect the wire connections.

OUTDOOR RECEPTACLES

6: - The receptacle near the electrical panel is not working. We recommend further investigation and repair, if necessary.

SWITCHES

7: - One or more exterior lights are difficult to operate properly, probably a result of a loose wire or a defective switch. We recommend the switch be rewired or replaced.

PLYWOOD SIDING

8: - The plywood siding shows routine wear but is generally in serviceable condition. We recommend minor maintenance to ensure maximum service life.

SHINGLES

9: - The shingle siding on this building is a cement asbestos or 'Transite' material. It is a durable but brittle material and some of the shingles are cracked or broken. Repair is recommended but replacement shingles will be difficult to locate. Replacement with alternate materials or residing the home may be required to fully seal the home.

10: - 'Transite' is a product composed of asbestos and cement, a common and durable building material. Care should be taken when altering the shingle siding and, if work is extensive, the services of an asbestos abatement contractor may be required.'

11: - There are unsealed joints in the plywood siding that may allow water penetration. We recommend the joints be caulked and sealed to prevent leakage and damage.

12: - Some areas of siding were blocked by vegetation and storage items and could not be inspected in detail. We recommend further evaluation after plants/shrubs have been trimmed and storage items removed.

DRAINAGE

13: - It is our opinion that the existing surface drainage system is either insufficient or defective, based on evidence of moisture conditions below the home (see "Basement" section). We recommend further evaluation by a specialist to determine which repairs or upgrades to the drainage system be undertaken.

WALKWAYS

14: - There are minor cracks of a cosmetic nature in the walkways. Action would only be required if any of the cracks develop into trip hazards in the future.

PATIO SURFACE

15: - The patio surface was mostly covered with storage items and could not be fully inspected. We recommend further review after items have been cleared from patio surface.


PATIO/PORCH COVERING

16: - The covering is in poor condition, with extensive moisture staining and deterioration. Though the roof surface appears to have been repaired or replaced, and the moisture activity may not be ongoing, the existing damage may impact the stability of the roof. We recommend it be repaired or replaced.

HAND RAILS

17: - There are no railings where needed at the detached garage steps. As a safety measure, we recommend that railings be installed.

18: - The railings at the front steps are damaged or deteriorated at their connection with the steps. We recommend they be repaired or replaced.

FENCING

19: - The visible fencing is generally serviceable but shows signs of routine wear and is in need of minor maintenance. Typically, fencing around the perimeter of the home is considered a shared responsibility between owners of adjacent properties. Recommend inquiring of neighbors prior to making repairs.

VEGETATION

20: - Some trees or shrubberies were observed to be in contact with or near the siding or foundation. Recommend trimming back all trees and shrubberies at least 6 inches from the home in order to protect the home's surface from moisture or pest intrusion.

TRIM

21: - The trim at several locations is very old and shows signs of deterioration or damage (with some pieces missing). We recommend it be repaired or replaced. We can make no assumptions regarding possible damage hidden in inaccessible areas behind deteriorated trim, which can only be fully evaluated with destructive testing.

FASCIA

22: - Most of the fascia boards are weathered, with blistered and/or peeling paint and some deterioration. This will require surface preparation and refinishing in the course of routine property maintenance to restore surface appearance. Damaged or deteriorated pieces of fascia should be replaced.

EAVES/SOFFITS

23: - Sections of the eaves at the home and the garage are deteriorated. We recommend repair or replacement (which may involve replacing portions of the roof covering, along with improvements in edge flashing or drainage).

PAINT/STAIN

24: - In several locations around the home the caulking is in need of repair. Ensure that all gaps, particularly around penetrations including doors and windows, are properly caulked to prevent moisture intrusion or damage.

MISCELLANEOUS

25: - The exterior storage closet at the back patio was looked at, and we observed some dark staining at the rear wall, indicating possible moisture damage and microbial growth (mold or mildew). We recommend removing drywall to evaluate the condition of the wall structure and repairing as needed.


Roofing

Composition Shingle

Primary building

SURFACE

26: - The roof is older and there are a significant number of missing shingles throughout the field, as well as improper flashings and damage observed at the sheathing under the eaves indicating a roof that may be prone to leaking. It may not be economical to fully repair the roof due to its age. Recommend further evaluation by a licensed roofing contractor to determine the best course of action and to provide estimates for repair or replacement.

27: - Trees are growing on top of the roof surface. We recommend they be trimmed to prevent debris from accumulating on the roof and to prevent damage by abrasion.

28: - Some moss was growing on the roof surface. As a result, shingles can lift or be damaged. Leaks can result and/or the roof surface can fail prematurely if the moss is left to grow unabated. Efforts should be made to kill the moss during its growing season (wet months). Typically, zinc or phosphate based chemicals are used for this and must be applied periodically.

FLASHINGS: OVERALL

29: - Flashings at several side walls or penetrations consist of improper materials with visible gaps and incorrect installation. The flashings observed are prone to damage and leakage. We recommend further evaluation and repair by a licensed roofing specialist.

CHIMNEY AT ROOF

30: - There is no spark arrestor or rain cap above the flue to prevent the escape of hot embers or rain entry. As an upgrade, we recommend that a chimney cap/spark arrestor be installed.

PLUMBING VENTS

31: - One or more plumbing vents at the roof are showing signs of tearing or warping at the neoprene flashing. Recommend replacement of any damaged plumbing flashings.

GUTTERS

32: - Debris was present in portions of the gutters, which limited our visual inspection. We recommend all debris be removed to ensure proper drainage. The condition of the gutters can be better assessed at that time.

Garage

SURFACE

33: - There are a significant number of cracked, deteriorated and/or missing shingles on the ridge and throughout the field on the garage, indicating an older roof that may be prone to leaking. It may not be economical to fully repair the roof. Recommend further evaluation by a licensed roofing contractor to determine the best course of action and to provide estimates for repair or replacement.


Detached Building

LOCAL DISCONNECT

34: - There is no local disconnect for the garage electrical service, as required by present standards. For maximum safety while servicing this equipment, we recommend a local disconnect be installed.

RECEPTACLES

35: - There is no GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection for this area. For an increased margin of safety, we recommend the installation of a GFCI receptacle.

DOORS

36: - The exterior doors to the detached garage have some damage, but are functional. Recommend repair.

37: - The exterior door at the lower level of the garage is raised from the garage surface, with no permanent steps to access. This is a safety hazard in its current configuration. Recommend reconfiguring and providing proper access. Additionally, the door height is very low and not up to present standards.

GARAGE DOORS

38: - The garage doors were locked at the time of this inspection and their operation were not tested. We recommend they be tested and their proper operation verified.

39: - The garage door springs are not provided with safety restraints to eliminate damage or injury in the event of breakage, in accordance with present standards.

WINDOWS

40: - Several garage windows were damaged and boarded over. We recommend they be repaired or replaced.

GENERAL COMMENT

41: - Portions of this area were added or improved after original construction. We recommend the owner or building department be consulted to determine if permits were secured and 'signed off' for all improvements completed.

Kitchen

DRAIN TRAPS

42: - The drain piping has leaked in the past. No active leaks were noted at the time of this inspection, but we recommend that the drain trap be monitored for signs of active leakage and damage.

CEILING

43: - The ceiling acoustic material may contain asbestos. Actual asbestos content can only be determined by laboratory testing. Further information on asbestos can be obtained from a licensed asbestos consultant or abatement contractor.

CABINETS

44: - The cabinets are in serviceable condition. Several of the doors need adjustment of hinges and latches for smoother operation.


VENTILATION

45: - Kitchen ventilation is provided by a microwave vent over the stove. The fan appears to be properly installed and in serviceable condition. This fan does not vent to the exterior and has a charcoal activated filter which must be replaced periodically.

Laundry Area

DRYER VENT

46: - Corrugated dryer vents may only be used for the six foot section connected to the dryer and cannot be installed through walls or floors. The existing long corrugated vent line should be replaced with a smooth wall vent, as per present standards.

Bathroom

DRAIN TRAP

47: - The flexible rubber or plastic fitting used in the drain trap is nonconforming. The system is functional and modification would be considered optional.

INTERIOR WALLS

48: - We noted water staining and surface damage in the walls outside of the shower/bath area. The source of the moisture should be identified and corrected, and the surface prepared and refinished to restore its appearance. Damage may extend into the wall structure, so further evaluation is recommended.

SHOWER WALLS

49: - The joint caulking in and around the shower has mildewed. The joints should be scraped clean, chemically treated, and recaulked for a better appearance and to prevent moisture penetration into the surrounding materials and subsequent damage.

BATHROOM FLOOR

50: - Caulking at the base of the tub/shower is marginal. It is important to maintain the caulking around bathtubs and showers, especially at the intersection between the tub or shower and the floor. Failure to maintain this seal will often result in damage to flooring materials, subflooring and framing.

VENTILATION

51: - The bathroom exhaust fan was dusty. Recommend opening fan and cleaning thoroughly in order to prolong the life of the fan motor.

Bedroom

Main Floor Rear

SMOKE DETECTOR

52: - There is no smoke detector in this area, as required by modern safety standards. Though the home was built before modern safety standards, we recommend one be installed.


Main Floor Front

DOORS

53: - The door doesn't latch properly. We recommend minor adjustments to the hardware to restore proper function.

SMOKE DETECTOR

54: - There is no smoke detector in this area, as required by modern safety standards. Though the home was built before modern safety standards, we recommend one be installed.

Living Room

RESISTANCE HEATER

55: - One of the electrical resistance heaters failed to respond to normal operating controls. We recommend it be repaired or replaced. Other heaters in this area were operable using normal controls.

THERMOSTAT

56: - A thermostat in this area is no longer in service. Recommend removing.

WOOD STOVE

57: - The wood stove appears to be in serviceable condition. However, our inspection does not include ensuring that proper code requirements are met, nor that the stove is UL "listed" or approved by the local building department. We recommend consultation with the local building official regarding requirements for wood stoves.

Interior

WALLS & CEILINGS

58: - The sprayed-on acoustic ceilings may contain asbestos. Actual asbestos content can only be determined by laboratory testing. Further information on asbestos can be obtained from a licensed asbestos consultant or abatement contractor.

DOORS: OVERALL

59: - One or more of the deadbolts is the type that requires a key to operate from either side. This condition provides more security but can also be a hazard, especially in a fire. It is the occupant's choice as to which threat is taken more seriously.

DETECTORS: OVERALL

60: - More smoke/carbon monoxide detectors will be required in this building to ensure adequate safety for the occupants in the event of an emergency, including (but not limited to) detectors in every sleeping room. We recommend placement in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

61: - Detectors were not found in all sleeping rooms. The latest standards require smoke detectors in all bedrooms at time of construction and when any significant work is done on the residence. Whether or not installation is required prior to sale of this building, upgrading should be considered.


62: - Carbon monoxide detectors were not found in the home. However, as the home does not have gas service, fireplace, or attached garage, a CO detector is typically not required. However, as an added level of safety, a CO detector may be added as an upgrade.

Attic

RAFTERS

63: - There is a slight sag in the roof at the mid-span areas. The rafters are overspanned by today's standards but, in this case, the existing sag has likely achieved a 'set' and no other adverse conditions were noted. In our opinion, no action is indicated.

INTERIOR LIGHTS

64: - No control switch was observed for the attic light. We recommend inquiring of current owner as to the means of turning on this light.

Basement/Crawlspace

BASE FOUNDATION

65: - There are small and/or moderate cracks visible. We observed no related conditions suggesting the need for immediate repairs. We recommend these cracks be monitored. If ongoing movement is observed, further review would then be recommended.

WALLS

66: - There are stains from leakage on the basement walls. This appears to be a minor condition that may be an annoyance in relation to items stored in the basement but, in our opinion, is not structurally significant. We recommend monitoring during periods of heavy rain. A means of expelling excess moisture may be recommended if moisture buildup in basement is significant. Alterations to exterior drainage may be necessary to prevent moisture entry altogether.

BEAMS

67: - Some of the beams do not have adequate bearing support at their ends. This condition indicates improper construction and is considered a deficiency. We recommend these beams be provided with more support, in accordance with present standards.

POSTS

68: - The floor supports are marginally connected and are subject to failure in the event of excessive soil movement and/or seismic activity. We recommend additional connections be installed.

69: - Several of the posts have been shimmed. This is not good practice, but in this case, the amount of shimming is minor and the work is well done. No action is indicated regarding the posts themselves. See other notes on 'foundation' and 'drainage'.

ANCHOR BOLTS

70: - The foundation is anchored using older technology. The original configuration has performed adequately to date. Upgrades might be considered as part of any future modernization and/or remodeling, but we do not consider this an urgent matter.


PEST CONTROL

71: - Rodents have been active in the basement. We recommend that bait or traps be set and monitored. The advice and services of a licensed exterminator would be recommended if problems persist.

DRAIN LINES

72: - There is evidence of active leakage in the drain piping below the bathroom (though most of the drain piping is concealed below ceiling materials. We recommend further evaluation to determine the source of the leaking and repair.

OTHER RECEPTACLES

73: - There is no GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection for this area. For an increased margin of safety, we recommend the installation of a GFCI receptacle.

Plumbing

MAIN SUPPLY

74: - There was evidence of surface corrosion/oxidation, but no leakage, at the exposed and accessible main supply. This piping should be monitored and repaired if necessary.

DRAIN LINES

75: - Based on the age of the home, we recommend a full camera review of the main line and waste piping system.

76: - Insufficient hangers/strapping is used for the ABS/PVC drain piping in some locations. We recommend upgrading.

GENERAL COMMENT

77: - The home's main piping either entirely or partially consists of galvanized steel piping. This piping is typically older, and has a limited lifespan. Though no specific leaks or damage was observed at the time of the inspection, we can make no representation regarding pipes hidden inside walls, underground, or behind insulation. Additionally, we observed some typical corrosion at some of the pipe joints, indicating older pipes.

Due to mineral deposit buildup and gradual reduction of flow, replacement of all remaining galvanized steel supply lines may eventually become necessary as a part of ongoing property maintenance and upgrading.

Water Heater

SEISMIC RESTRAINT

78: - The water heater tank seismic restraint is minimal. We recommend it be upgraded to adequately secure the tank (one strap on both top and bottom half of the tank). This will help limit damage and provide a source of usable domestic water in the event of a major earthquake.

GENERAL COMMENT

79: - This water heater was not fully visible, but appears to be older and beyond its expected service life. Although it is still operating its age indicates the need for replacement in the near future.


Electrical System

CB MAIN PANEL

80: - There are holes in the service panel where 'knockouts' have been removed and left open. This is not an approved practice and we recommend the holes be closed with approved filler plates.

81: - Some of the panel cover screws are missing. We recommend proper, blunt-end screws be installed.

82: - The circuitry is not completely or not accurately labeled. We recommend that each circuit be identified, allowing individuals unfamiliar with the equipment to properly operate it when and if necessary.

BRANCH CIRCUITRY

83: - Though most of the wiring appears to be updated, some knob and tube wiring is in use in this building. This is an outdated system, but is not necessarily hazardous simply because it is old. We found no specific deficiencies in the visible and accessible wiring.

However, primarily because the knob and tube circuits are generally not grounded, and because of its age, we recommend replacement of the older wiring over time, as upgrades and maintenance projects are undertaken.

GFI PROTECTION

84: - Some GFCI devices are installed in this home. However, we recommend adding these devices at all locations currently requiring this protection. This includes receptacles near sink basins, in bathrooms, garages, crawl spaces, and the exterior. In addition, we recommend upgrading all older devices (pre-2007) with newer devices for safety.

Insulation/Energy

FLOOR INSULATION

85: - There is insulation under portions, but not all, of the home. In some areas, it is only recently that insulation has been required under the floors. However, installing additional insulation is recommended.

GENERAL COMMENT

86: - This structure appears to be partially insulated and energy efficient. Upgrading can further reduce heat loss, cold air infiltration and increase overall energy efficiency.


Conclusion

COMMENTS

87: - Note: Structures built prior to the mid 1980s may contain lead and/or asbestos. Lead is commonly found in paint and in some plumbing components. The EPA does not recognize newer coats of paint as encapsulating older coats of lead-based paint. Asbestos is commonly found in various building materials such as insulation, siding, and/or floor and ceiling tiles. Laws were passed in 1978 to prohibit usage of lead and asbestos, but stocks of materials containing these substances remained in use for a number of years thereafter. Both lead and asbestos are known health hazards. Evaluating for the presence of lead and/or asbestos is beyond the scope of this inspection. Any mention of these materials in this report is made as a courtesy only, and meant to refer the client to a specialist. Consult with specialists as necessary, such as industrial hygienists, professional labs, and/or abatement specialists for this type of evaluation.

The home inspector considers the age of the home while inspecting. It is common to have areas that no longer comply with current code. This is not a new home and this home cannot be expected to meet current code standards. While this inspection makes every effort to point out safety issues, it does not inspect for code. It is common that homes of any age will have had repairs performed and some repairs may not be in a workmanlike manner. Some areas may appear less than standard. This inspection looks for items that are not functioning as intended. It does not grade the repair. It is common to see old plumbing or mixed materials. Sometimes water signs in crawlspaces or basements could be years old or from a problem that no longer exists. Or, it may still need further attention and repair. Determining this can be difficult on an older home. Sometimes in older homes there are signs of damage to wood from wood eating organisms. Having this is typical and fairely common. If the home inspection reveals signs of damage you should have a pest control company inspect further for activity and possibly hidden damage.


Monday, May 7, 2018Faira.com3811 A St

Tacoma, Washington 98418

Dear Faira.com,

We have enclosed the report for the property inspection we conducted for you on Monday, May 7, 2018 at:

3811 A StTacoma, Washington 98418

Our report is designed to be clear, easy to understand, and helpful. Please take the time to review it carefully. If there is anything you would like us to explain, or if there is other information you would like, please feel free to call us. We would be happy to answer any questions you may have.

Throughout the report, you'll find special symbols at the front of certain comments. Below are the symbols and their meanings:

= Item in poor condition, warranting immediate repair or replacement

= Item that warrants repair or replacement now or in the near term, but does not pose an immediate risk or threat

= Upgrade recommended, but not required

= Potentially dangerous or hazardous condition that should be corrected as soon as possible (safety concern)

= Item not operating at the time of the inspection, or unable to be inspected for another reason

= Item that warrants continued monitoring or further evaluation by licensed professional. Though issues may not necessarily exist in the present or are not readily visible, monitoring or further evaluation is recommended.

We thank you for the opportunity to be of service to you.

Sincerely,

Inspector, Isaac McPheeStrong Foundations Home Inspection


Copyright© 2010-2018, SPECTACULAR, Strong Foundations Home Inspection, Isaac McPhee 18-05001

Table of Contents

Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................................2

Introduction..................................................................................................................................................16

Introductory Notes.......................................................................................................................................17

Exterior/Site/Ground....................................................................................................................................17

Roofing........................................................................................................................................................34

Detached Building.......................................................................................................................................42

Kitchen.........................................................................................................................................................47

Laundry Area...............................................................................................................................................51

Bathroom.....................................................................................................................................................52

Bedroom......................................................................................................................................................57

Living Room.................................................................................................................................................62

Interior.........................................................................................................................................................65

Attic..............................................................................................................................................................67

Basement/Crawlspace.................................................................................................................................71

Plumbing......................................................................................................................................................76

Water Heater...............................................................................................................................................80

Electrical System.........................................................................................................................................82

Insulation/Energy.........................................................................................................................................89

Locations of Emergency Controls................................................................................................................90

Environmental Concerns.............................................................................................................................92

Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................93

tmp9F5F......................................................................................................................................................94


Introduction

We have inspected the major structural components and mechanical systems for signs of significant nonperformance, excessive or unusual wear and general state of repair. The following report is an overview of the conditions observed.

In the report, there may be specific references to areas and items that were inaccessible. We can make no representations regarding conditions that may be present but were concealed or inaccessible for review. With access and an opportunity for inspection, reportable conditions may be discovered. Inspection of the inaccessible areas will be performed upon arrangement and at additional cost after access is provided.

We do not review plans, permits, recall lists, and/or government or local municipality documents. Information regarding recalled appliances, fixtures and any other items in this property can be found on the Consumer Product Safety website. These items may be present but are not reviewed.

Our recommendations are not intended as criticisms of the building, but as professional opinions regarding conditions present. As a courtesy, the inspector may list items that they feel have priority in the Executive Summary portion of the report. Although the items listed in this section may be of higher priority in the opinion of the inspector, it is ultimately the client's responsibility to review the entire report. If the client has questions regarding any of the items listed, please contact the inspector for further consultation.

Lower priority conditions contained in the body of the report that are neglected may become higher priority conditions. Do not equate low cost with low priority. Cost should not be the primary motivation for performing repairs. All repair and upgrade recommendations are important and need attention.

This report is a "snapshot" of the property on the date of the inspection. The structure and all related components will continue to deteriorate/wear out with time and may not be in the same condition at the close of escrow.

Anywhere in the report that the inspector recommends further review, it is strongly recommended that this be done PRIOR TO THE CLOSE OF ESCROW. This report is not intended for use by anyone other than the client named herein. No other persons should rely upon the information in this report. Client agrees to indemnify, defend and hold inspector harmless from any third party claims arising out of client's unauthorized distribution of the inspection report.

By accepting this inspection report, you acknowledge that you have reviewed and are in agreement with all of the terms contained in the standard contract provided by the inspector who prepared this report.


Introductory Notes

ORIENTATIONFor purposes of identification and reporting, the front of this building faces west.

For purposes of identification and reporting, the front of the building is the side containing the primary access.

NOTESThe house was estimated to be approximately 90+ years old.

Over the course of this inspection the temperature was estimated to be between 60 and 70 degrees.

The weather was sunny at the time of our inspection.

We make no representations as to the extent or presence of code violations, nor do we warrant the legal use of this building. This information would have to be obtained from the local building and/or zoning department.

A driveway and/or street is shared with other properties. To determine if maintenance-sharing or liability agreements are in effect regarding the driveway or street, consult the owner of the subject property, neighboring owners or public records.

There may be information pertinent to this property which is a matter of public record. A search of public records is not within the scope of this inspection. We recommend the client or their representative review all appropriate public records.

The scope of this inspection is limited to reasonably accessible areas. We make no attempt to move furnishings, stored personal property, and/or vegetation. Although no problems are anticipated, removal of these items may reveal reportable items.

Your inspector may choose to include photos in your inspection report. There are times when only a picture can fully explain the condition or if the client is unable to attend the inspection. Photo inclusion is at the discretion of the inspector and in no way is meant to emphasize or highlight the only conditions that were seen. We always recommend full review of the entire inspection report.

The home was occupied at the time of the inspection, with personal possessions and furniture in every room of the home that prohibited the inspection of some surfaces or systems. This includes numerous electrical outlets, lights, walls, floors, etc. We recommend further evaluation of the home if it becomes vacant, in order to more thoroughly evaluate the condition.

Exterior/Site/Ground

BASIC INFORMATIONGeneral lot topography: Flat lot


Driveway: Concrete on grade

Walkways: Concrete

Patio: Concrete


Primary exterior wall covering: Transite shingle siding

Secondary exterior wall covering: Plywood siding (at detached garage)

Primary exterior window material: Vinyl/plastic or vinyl clad


EXTERIOR PLUMBING

One or more hose bib(s) is/are dripping/leaking. We recommend the washer be replaced and/or the packing nut be tightened.

GAS PIPING

Gas piping is present at the exterior of the home, though no source of gas was present, and no gas-fired appliances were installed in the home. Recommend removing old gas pipes as desired.


WIRING

There is an uncovered junction box at the exterior (patio) closet. We recommend this box be covered to protect the wiring connections.

There are abandoned wires mixed with live wires at an abandoned subpanel box near the electrical meter/panel. We recommend ensuring all live wire connections are properly enclosed for safety and to protect the wire connections.


OUTDOOR RECEPTACLES

The receptacle near the electrical panel is not working. We recommend further investigation and repair, if necessary.

SWITCHES

One or more exterior lights are difficult to operate properly, probably a result of a loose wire or a defective switch. We recommend the switch be rewired or replaced.

OUTDOOR LIGHTSThe outdoor lights were tested and appeared functional at the time of the inspection.


PLYWOOD SIDING

The plywood siding shows routine wear but is generally in serviceable condition. We recommend minor maintenance to ensure maximum service life.

SHINGLES

The shingle siding on this building is a cement asbestos or 'Transite' material. It is a durable but brittle material and some of the shingles are cracked or broken. Repair is recommended but replacement shingles will be difficult to locate. Replacement with alternate materials or residing the home may be required to fully seal the home.


'Transite' is a product composed of asbestos and cement, a common and durable building material. Care should be taken when altering the shingle siding and, if work is extensive, the services of an asbestos abatement contractor may be required.'

There are unsealed joints in the plywood siding that may allow water penetration. We recommend the joints be caulked and sealed to prevent leakage and damage.

Some areas of siding were blocked by vegetation and storage items and could not be inspected in detail. We recommend further evaluation after plants/shrubs have been trimmed and storage items removed.


DRAINAGEA surface drainage system is designed to collect and divert roof runoff and other surface water. It is installed in solid pipe and flows continuously downhill to a point of discharge.

It is our opinion that the existing surface drainage system is either insufficient or defective, based on evidence of moisture conditions below the home (see "Basement" section). We recommend further evaluation by a specialist to determine which repairs or upgrades to the drainage system be undertaken.

PUBLIC WORKSThe owner may have rights and responsibilities concerning the public improvements associated with this property. We suggest inquiries of the local public works department, particularly regarding liabilities for future maintenance costs.

The public sidewalks appear to be properly installed and are in serviceable condition.

DRIVEWAYThe minor cracks in the driveway are of a cosmetic nature only. No action is indicated.

WALKWAYS

There are minor cracks of a cosmetic nature in the walkways. Action would only be required if any of the cracks develop into trip hazards in the future.


PATIO SURFACE

The patio surface was mostly covered with storage items and could not be fully inspected. We recommend further review after items have been cleared from patio surface.

PATIO/PORCH COVERING

The covering is in poor condition, with extensive moisture staining and deterioration. Though the roof surface appears to have been repaired or replaced, and the moisture activity may not be ongoing, the existing damage may impact the stability of the roof. We recommend it be repaired or replaced.


STAIRSThe exterior stairs show routine wear but appear to be properly constructed and in serviceable condition. Maintenance, when necessary, will maximize service life and keep the stairs in safe condition.

HAND RAILS

There are no railings where needed at the detached garage steps. As a safety measure, we recommend that railings be installed.


The railings at the front steps are damaged or deteriorated at their connection with the steps. We recommend they be repaired or replaced.

FENCING

The visible fencing is generally serviceable but shows signs of routine wear and is in need of minor maintenance. Typically, fencing around the perimeter of the home is considered a shared responsibility between owners of adjacent properties. Recommend inquiring of neighbors prior to making repairs.

It should be stated that wood fences do have a finite service life. Maintaining the bases of the fence posts free and clear of rotting leaves, and an occasional treatment with a wood preservative will be most effective in prolonging service life.

GATESThe gate was operating. Routine maintenance will keep it functional and maximize its service life.


VEGETATION

Some trees or shrubberies were observed to be in contact with or near the siding or foundation. Recommend trimming back all trees and shrubberies at least 6 inches from the home in order to protect the home's surface from moisture or pest intrusion.

TRIM

The trim at several locations is very old and shows signs of deterioration or damage (with some pieces missing). We recommend it be repaired or replaced. We can make no assumptions regarding possible damage hidden in inaccessible areas behind deteriorated trim, which can only be fully evaluated with destructive testing.


FASCIA

Most of the fascia boards are weathered, with blistered and/or peeling paint and some deterioration. This will require surface preparation and refinishing in the course of routine property maintenance to restore surface appearance. Damaged or deteriorated pieces of fascia should be replaced.



EAVES/SOFFITS

Sections of the eaves at the home and the garage are deteriorated. We recommend repair or replacement (which may involve replacing portions of the roof covering, along with improvements in edge flashing or drainage).

PAINT/STAINIf caulking is needed for maintenance, or in preparation for the next paint job, we suggest a high quality urethane sealant such as 'Sikaflex'. Latex, butyl, oil based, silicone or 'architectural grade' sealants should be avoided on the exterior.

In several locations around the home the caulking is in need of repair. Ensure that all gaps, particularly around penetrations including doors and windows, are properly caulked to prevent moisture intrusion or damage.

MISCELLANEOUSNote: This is an older home, with surfaces on the exterior of primarily older materials. We do not list every defect on the exterior home, but attempt to draw attention to the general state of repair on the home. Over the course of maintenance additional repair items will be found. Additionally, we note that the inspection is limited to the surface and can make no claim regarding inaccessible areas.


Note: The detached garage was looked at, though not at the same level of detail as the home. The exterior of the garage was in marginal to poor condition at several areas, and while several repair items are noted in this report, we note that the garage is older and there are several areas of deferred maintenance or older components that will require repair or replacement. However, the building appears functional as a garage/storage area at present (with exceptions noted).

The exterior storage closet at the back patio was looked at, and we observed some dark staining at the rear wall, indicating possible moisture damage and microbial growth (mold or mildew). We recommend removing drywall to evaluate the condition of the wall structure and repairing as needed.

GENERAL COMMENTAs preventive maintenance, caulking and sealing the gaps in the exterior of the building around the doors, windows, plumbing and electrical entry points will help prevent heat loss, cold air infiltration and moisture entry.

If caulking is needed for maintenance of any flashing or exterior trim, we suggest a high quality urethane sealant such as 'Sikaflex'. Latex, butyl, oil based, silicone or 'architectural grade' sealants should be avoided.


There are areas where exterior features are in need of attention. These conditions suggest an older home and lapses in maintenance. We make no attempt to list all cosmetic flaws but, do suggest attention to items relating to function and safety.

Roofing

A roof system consists of the surface materials, connections, penetrations and drainage (gutters and downspouts). We visually review these components for damage and deterioration and do not perform any destructive testing. If we find conditions suggesting damage, improper application, or limited remaining service life, these will be noted. We may also offer opinions concerning repair and replacement. Opinions stated herein concerning the roof are based on a limited visual inspection. These do not constitute a warranty that the roof is, or will remain, free of leaks.

Composition Shingle

Primary building

BASIC INFORMATIONLocation: Covers whole building

Roof slope: MediumMaterial: Asphalt composition shingleLayers: Unknown, would require destructive testingAge: Approximately 20+ years old


Connections and penetrations: Mastic, wood, metal, and asphalt flashings

Roof drainage system: Gutters and downspouts

INSPECTION METHODOur inspection of this roof was conducted from the roof surface. The inspector walked upon the surface and visually examined the accessible roofing components.

Asphalt flashing Wood/mastic


SURFACE

The roof is older and there are a significant number of missing shingles throughout the field, as well as improper flashings and damage observed at the sheathing under the eaves indicating a roof that may be prone to leaking. It may not be economical to fully repair the roof due to its age. Recommend further evaluation by a licensed roofing contractor to determine the best course of action and to provide estimates for repair or replacement.


Trees are growing on top of the roof surface. We recommend they be trimmed to prevent debris from accumulating on the roof and to prevent damage by abrasion.

Some moss was growing on the roof surface. As a result, shingles can lift or be damaged. Leaks can result and/or the roof surface can fail prematurely if the moss is left to grow unabated. Efforts should be made to kill the moss during its growing season (wet months). Typically, zinc or phosphate based chemicals are used for this and must be applied periodically.


FLASHINGS: OVERALL

Flashings at several side walls or penetrations consist of improper materials with visible gaps and incorrect installation. The flashings observed are prone to damage and leakage. We recommend further evaluation and repair by a licensed roofing specialist.


CHIMNEY AT ROOF

There is no spark arrestor or rain cap above the flue to prevent the escape of hot embers or rain entry. As an upgrade, we recommend that a chimney cap/spark arrestor be installed.

A visual observation of the flue within the scope of a standard home inspection, may not detect defects beyond our limited view (12 - 18 inches) or where soot has accumulated. A more thorough inspection can be performed by a specialist.

PLUMBING VENTS

One or more plumbing vents at the roof are showing signs of tearing or warping at the neoprene flashing. Recommend replacement of any damaged plumbing flashings.


GUTTERSRoof runoff water is channeled to the downspouts by a metal gutter system attached to the fascia boards or to the ends of the rafters along the edge of the roof.

Debris was present in portions of the gutters, which limited our visual inspection. We recommend all debris be removed to ensure proper drainage. The condition of the gutters can be better assessed at that time.

DOWNSPOUTSThe downspouts terminate in subsurface drain lines. See comments under 'Drainage'.

GENERAL COMMENTThe roof has minor sagging in some areas, visible from the roof. See comments under the "attic" section for further information.


Garage

BASIC INFORMATIONLocation: Covers garage

Roof slope: MediumMaterial: Asphalt composition shingleLayers: Unknown, would require destructive testingAge: Older (20+ years) on the upper portion, with a newer roof on the lower addition

INSPECTION METHODOur inspection of this roof was conducted from the roof surface. The inspector walked upon the surface and visually examined the accessible roofing components.

Older roof Newer roof


SURFACE

There are a significant number of cracked, deteriorated and/or missing shingles on the ridge and throughout the field on the garage, indicating an older roof that may be prone to leaking. It may not be economical to fully repair the roof. Recommend further evaluation by a licensed roofing contractor to determine the best course of action and to provide estimates for repair or replacement.

GENERAL COMMENTFor further evaluation of the conditions of the roof we recommend you consult a licensed roofing contractor.

Detached Building

Garages and/or vehicle storage areas are visually inspected for general state of repair. Due to the presence of the storage and personal property, our review of these areas is limited.


FRAMINGThe visible wall framing appears properly installed and in functional condition (but older and not up to present framing standards), though visibility was limited. We recommend further evaluation of the structure of this building after storage items have been cleared.

LOCAL DISCONNECT

There is no local disconnect for the garage electrical service, as required by present standards. For maximum safety while servicing this equipment, we recommend a local disconnect be installed.

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles appear to be properly installed and were operational.


There is no GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection for this area. For an increased margin of safety, we recommend the installation of a GFCI receptacle.

FLOORThe majority of the floor slab was covered by stored personal possessions and could not be inspected. The visible portions of the floor appear to be in serviceable condition.

DOORS

The exterior doors to the detached garage have some damage, but are functional. Recommend repair.


The exterior door at the lower level of the garage is raised from the garage surface, with no permanent steps to access. This is a safety hazard in its current configuration. Recommend reconfiguring and providing proper access. Additionally, the door height is very low and not up to present standards.

GARAGE DOORSThe garage is equipped with two roll up doors.

The garage doors were locked at the time of this inspection and their operation were not tested. We recommend they be tested and their proper operation verified.


The garage door springs are not provided with safety restraints to eliminate damage or injury in the event of breakage, in accordance with present standards.

WINDOWS

Several garage windows were damaged and boarded over. We recommend they be repaired or replaced.


GENERAL COMMENTThis area is in need of repair as noted above or in other sections of this report.

Portions of this area were added or improved after original construction. We recommend the owner or building department be consulted to determine if permits were secured and 'signed off' for all improvements completed.

Due to the presence of personal belongings, access to most of this area was effectively blocked at the time of our inspection. A 'walk-through' is recommended when the area is cleared and accessible. It is likely that more reportable items will be discovered with further access.

Kitchen

The kitchen is visually inspected for proper function of components, active leakage, excessive or unusual wear, and general state of repair. We inspect built-in appliances to the extent possible using normal operating controls. Freestanding stoves are operated, but refrigerators, small appliances, portable dishwashers, and microwave ovens are not tested.

BASIC INFORMATIONEnergy: Electric appliances only


Ventilation: Exhaust filtered and recirculated into the kitchenRefrigerators, wine coolers, and other cooling appliances are beyond the scope of this inspection

DRAIN TRAPSThe drain trap and associated piping are PVC plastic.

The drain piping has leaked in the past. No active leaks were noted at the time of this inspection, but we recommend that the drain trap be monitored for signs of active leakage and damage.


SINKThe sink is metal.

The sink appears to be properly installed. When operated, it was observed to be fully functional and in serviceable condition.

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles appear to be properly installed and were operational.

GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection has been installed providing an increased margin of safety. We recommend testing the device on a monthly basis.

LIGHTSThe overhead kitchen lights were tested and found to be operational at the time of the inspection.

RESISTANCE HEATERThe electrical resistance heater appears to be properly installed and in serviceable condition and responded to the user controls.

CEILING

The ceiling acoustic material may contain asbestos. Actual asbestos content can only be determined by laboratory testing. Further information on asbestos can be obtained from a licensed asbestos consultant or abatement contractor.

CABINETS

The cabinets are in serviceable condition. Several of the doors need adjustment of hinges and latches for smoother operation.

COUNTERTOPSThe countertop is a plastic laminate.

The countertop shows typical wear and tear, normal for this heavily used component. We considered the flaws cosmetic in nature with no action indicated.


VENTILATION

Kitchen ventilation is provided by a microwave vent over the stove. The fan appears to be properly installed and in serviceable condition. This fan does not vent to the exterior and has a charcoal activated filter which must be replaced periodically.

STOVEThe stove was turned on with the normal operating controls and found to be in satisfactory working condition.

OVENThe oven was turned on with the normal operating controls and found to be in satisfactory working condition.

DISPOSALThe disposal was turned on with normal user controls and observed to be in satisfactory working condition.


GENERAL COMMENTThe finished surfaces, hardware, windows, and doors were found to be generally in good condition at the time of our inspection. However, this area is in need of routine maintenance as noted above or in other sections of this report.

Due to the presence of personal belongings, access to portions of the area or surfaces were effectively blocked at the time of our inspection. A 'walk-through' is recommended when the area is cleared and accessible.

Laundry Area

Laundry areas and/or laundry rooms are visually inspected for general state of repair. Due to their hidden nature, we do not review appliances, connections, hookups, or venting.

DRYER VENT

Corrugated dryer vents may only be used for the six foot section connected to the dryer and cannot be installed through walls or floors. The existing long corrugated vent line should be replaced with a smooth wall vent, as per present standards.


WASHER/DRYERThe hookups for the washer and dryer are properly installed and in serviceable condition. The appliances themselves were not tested.


Inspection of this area was limited to the surface coverings. The construction materials and manner of installation were concealed from view and inaccessible.

Bathroom

Bathrooms are visually inspected for proper function of components, active leakage, excessive or unusual wear and general state of repair. Fixtures are tested using normal operating features and controls. Due to finished surfaces such as drywall/plaster, tile, and flooring, much of the bathroom is considered inaccessible. We do not test or confirm proper application of secondary equipment including but not limited to steam units, spa tubs, heated towel bars, etc.


BASIC INFORMATIONToilet: Ceramic unit with a porcelain finish

Wash basin: Corian or cultured marble

Shower walls: Molded Plastic

DRAIN TRAPThe drain trap and associated piping are PVC plastic.


The flexible rubber or plastic fitting used in the drain trap is nonconforming. The system is functional and modification would be considered optional.

TOILETThe toilet was flushed and appeared to be functioning properly.

WATER BASINThe wash basin appears to be properly installed. When operated, it was observed to be fully functional and in serviceable condition.

BATHTUBThe bathtub appears to be properly installed and in serviceable condition.

SHOWERThe shower was operated for the inspection and appeared to be in serviceable condition.

RECEPTACLESThe receptacle appears to be properly installed and was operational.

GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection has been installed providing an increased margin of safety. We recommend testing the device on a monthly basis.



INTERIOR WALLS

We noted water staining and surface damage in the walls outside of the shower/bath area. The source of the moisture should be identified and corrected, and the surface prepared and refinished to restore its appearance. Damage may extend into the wall structure, so further evaluation is recommended.


SHOWER WALLS

The joint caulking in and around the shower has mildewed. The joints should be scraped clean, chemically treated, and recaulked for a better appearance and to prevent moisture penetration into the surrounding materials and subsequent damage.

BATHROOM FLOORThe finish floor in this bathroom is linoleum.

Caulking at the base of the tub/shower is marginal. It is important to maintain the caulking around bathtubs and showers, especially at the intersection between the tub or shower and the floor. Failure to maintain this seal will often result in damage to flooring materials, subflooring and framing.

We suggest the use of a quality sealant such as 'GE Sanitary Silicone' or 'Dow Corning 786' for bathroom caulking. Latex and 'latex with silicone' sealants are inferior materials and their use in bathrooms is strongly discouraged.

COUNTERTOPSThe countertop is a man-made acrylic or other polymer material.

The countertop shows typical wear and tear, normal for this heavily used component. We considered the flaws cosmetic in nature with no action indicated.


VENTILATION

The bathroom exhaust fan was dusty. Recommend opening fan and cleaning thoroughly in order to prolong the life of the fan motor.



Bedroom

Main Floor Rear

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles were found to be properly installed and in serviceable condition. The number of receptacles is considered adequate for the size of the room.


LIGHTS / FANThe bedroom lights and/or fan were tested using normal controls and appeared to be functioning properly.


CEILINGThe ceiling material is a type that may contain asbestos. Actual asbestos content can only be determined by laboratory testing. Further information on asbestos can be obtained from a licensed asbestos consultant or abatement contractor.

SMOKE DETECTOR

There is no smoke detector in this area, as required by modern safety standards. Though the home was built before modern safety standards, we recommend one be installed.




Main Floor Front

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles were found to be properly installed and in serviceable condition. The number of receptacles is considered adequate for the size of the room.

LIGHTS / FANThe bedroom lights and/or fan were tested using normal controls and appeared to be functioning properly.





DOORS

The door doesn't latch properly. We recommend minor adjustments to the hardware to restore proper function.

SMOKE DETECTOR

There is no smoke detector in this area, as required by modern safety standards. Though the home was built before modern safety standards, we recommend one be installed.




Living Room

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles are a combination of the two and three prong type. They appear to be properly installed were operational.

LIGHTSThe lights and/or ceiling fan in this room were tested using standard operating controls and appeared to operate properly.

RESISTANCE HEATER

One of the electrical resistance heaters failed to respond to normal operating controls. We recommend it be repaired or replaced. Other heaters in this area were operable using normal controls.


THERMOSTAT

A thermostat in this area is no longer in service. Recommend removing.


WOOD STOVEA wood stove has an exterior, interior and a fire burning area. We visually inspect accessible components for signs of significant nonperformance, excessive or unusual wear and general state of repair.

The wood stove appears to be in serviceable condition. However, our inspection does not include ensuring that proper code requirements are met, nor that the stove is UL "listed" or approved by the local building department. We recommend consultation with the local building official regarding requirements for wood stoves.


Our inspection does not include actual operation of the fireplace or wood stove and we cannot offer opinions regarding its performance. We suggest inquiries of the owner or occupant in this regard.




Interior

Our review of the interior includes inspection of walls, ceilings, floors, doors, windows, steps, stairways, balconies and railings. These features are visually examined for proper function, excessive wear and general state of repair. Some of these components may not be visible/accessible because of furnishings and/or storage. In such cases these items are not inspected.

BASIC INFORMATIONNumber of bedrooms: TwoNumber of bathrooms: OneWindow material: VinylWindow type: Horizontal and Vertical sliding windowsWindow glazing: Double paneFinished ceiling material: Sprayed-on acousticFinished floor material: Wood and/or laminateFinished ceiling material: Drywall and/or Plaster

SURFACES: OVERALLThe interior wall, floor, and ceiling surfaces were properly installed and generally in serviceable condition, taking into consideration normal wear and tear.

WALLS & CEILINGS

The sprayed-on acoustic ceilings may contain asbestos. Actual asbestos content can only be determined by laboratory testing. Further information on asbestos can be obtained from a licensed asbestos consultant or abatement contractor.

FLOORS: OVERALLThe floors have a good appearance and are in serviceable condition.

DOORS: OVERALLThe interior doors appear to be properly installed and in good condition, with exceptions noted below.


One or more of the deadbolts is the type that requires a key to operate from either side. This condition provides more security but can also be a hazard, especially in a fire. It is the occupant's choice as to which threat is taken more seriously.

Exterior door locks can be rekeyed after the transfer of ownership to ensure personal safety and security.

WINDOWS: OVERALLThe windows tested appear to be properly installed and in serviceable condition. We operate a representative sample of the windows, but do not necessarily open, close, and latch every window.

DETECTORS: OVERALLThe smoke detectors were tested with their test buttons. This method only verifies battery and horn function, but does not test the sensor in the unit. After occupancy, and regularly thereafter, we advise testing with real or simulated smoke.

More smoke/carbon monoxide detectors will be required in this building to ensure adequate safety for the occupants in the event of an emergency, including (but not limited to) detectors in every sleeping room. We recommend placement in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Detectors were not found in all sleeping rooms. The latest standards require smoke detectors in all bedrooms at time of construction and when any significant work is done on the residence. Whether or not installation is required prior to sale of this building, upgrading should be considered.

Carbon monoxide detectors were not found in the home. However, as the home does not have gas service, fireplace, or attached garage, a CO detector is typically not required. However, as an added level of safety, a CO detector may be added as an upgrade.

HEAT SOURCEWe observed a permanent heat source in each room throughout the building.

GENERAL COMMENTWe make no attempt to list all cosmetic flaws and suggest that most of these deficiencies will be addressed by normal maintenance and upgrading.


Attic

The attic contains the roof framing and serves as a raceway for components of the mechanical systems. There are often heating ducts, electrical wiring and appliance vents in the attic. We visually examine the attic components for proper function, excessive or unusual wear, general state of repair, leakage, venting and misguided improvements. Where walking in an unfinished attic can result in damage to the ceiling, inspection is from the access opening only.

ACCESS/ENTRYThe attic access is located in the hall.

RAFTERSRafters are boards that support the roof sheathing, which in turn, supports the roof covering.

The rafters are 2 x 4 placed 24 inches on center.

There is a slight sag in the roof at the mid-span areas. The rafters are overspanned by today's standards but, in this case, the existing sag has likely achieved a 'set' and no other adverse conditions were noted. In our opinion, no action is indicated.


SHEATHINGThe roof sheathing is the material directly supporting the roof covering.

The roof sheathing is plywood nailed over a previously installed layer of skip sheathing.

The roof sheathing appears to be properly installed and in good condition.

CEILING JOISTSCeiling joists are the structural members which support the finished ceiling and often serve as an important component of the roof structure.

The ceiling joists appear to be generally properly installed and in good condition.

VENT LINESThe vent piping for the waste system appears to be properly installed and in good condition.


A damaged dryer vent was observed in the attic, but this vent appears to be no longer in use and can be removed.

RECEPTACLESThe receptacles were found to be properly installed and in serviceable condition.


INTERIOR LIGHTS

No control switch was observed for the attic light. We recommend inquiring of current owner as to the means of turning on this light.

VENTILATIONOur feeling regarding attic ventilation is that 'you can never have too much'. Attic ventilation can be provided by eave, gable, and ridge vents as well as by automatic and wind driven fans. We encourage use of any or all of the above.

The attic appeared to be adequately vented (though different temperature or weather conditions may reveal inadequacies in the attic venting). Good ventilation helps reduce attic moisture levels and prevents condensation on the underside of the roof. In addition, it reduces heat build-up in the attic, making the house more comfortable.

CHIMNEYThe attic area exposed portions of the chimney appear to be in good condition.


Basement/Crawlspace

BASIC INFORMATIONFoundation type: Raised perimeter with isolated piersFoundation material: Poured concreteMudsill: Not boltedWall system: Wood stud wallsFloor system: Wood joists support by beams

ACCESSThe basement is accessible from an interior stair.

BASE FOUNDATION

There are small and/or moderate cracks visible. We observed no related conditions suggesting the need for immediate repairs. We recommend these cracks be monitored. If ongoing movement is observed, further review would then be recommended.


WALLS

There are stains from leakage on the basement walls. This appears to be a minor condition that may be an annoyance in relation to items stored in the basement but, in our opinion, is not structurally significant. We recommend monitoring during periods of heavy rain. A means of expelling excess moisture may be recommended if moisture buildup in basement is significant. Alterations to exterior drainage may be necessary to prevent moisture entry altogether.

FLOORThe basement floor is a concrete slab. Minor cracks are visible. These cracks are considered cosmetic in nature and are not structurally significant. No action is indicated.

BELOW GRADEThe interior flooring is below the exterior grade level. Floor and wall surfaces below grade are susceptible to moisture entry if they are not completely waterproofed and drained.

WALL FRAMINGIn the areas where the wall framing is visible, all components appear to be properly installed and generally in good condition.


BEAMS

Some of the beams do not have adequate bearing support at their ends. This condition indicates improper construction and is considered a deficiency. We recommend these beams be provided with more support, in accordance with present standards.

POSTSThe floor system is supported by wooden posts set over concrete pier blocks.

The floor supports are marginally connected and are subject to failure in the event of excessive soil movement and/or seismic activity. We recommend additional connections be installed.

Several of the posts have been shimmed. This is not good practice, but in this case, the amount of shimming is minor and the work is well done. No action is indicated regarding the posts themselves. See other notes on 'foundation' and 'drainage'.

For attention to the condition(s) noted above, and/or cost estimates, if necessary, we recommend the advice and services of a licensed general contractor.


ANCHOR BOLTS

The foundation is anchored using older technology. The original configuration has performed adequately to date. Upgrades might be considered as part of any future modernization and/or remodeling, but we do not consider this an urgent matter.

VAPOR BARRIERThe soil has been covered with plastic sheeting, probably installed in an attempt to reduce moisture levels in the crawl space atmosphere. This is considered a beneficial feature and is required in some jurisdictions.

VENTILATIONVentilation in the basement is adequate. Good basement ventilation is important to keep moisture levels down. Keeping the vents clear of debris and vegetation should be part of regular maintenance.

PEST CONTROL

Rodents have been active in the basement. We recommend that bait or traps be set and monitored. The advice and services of a licensed exterminator would be recommended if problems persist.


DRAIN LINES

There is evidence of active leakage in the drain piping below the bathroom (though most of the drain piping is concealed below ceiling materials. We recommend further evaluation to determine the source of the leaking and repair.

OTHER RECEPTACLESThe receptacles are a combination of the two prong and three prong type. They appear to be properly installed and were operational. A greater margin of safety would be achieved by adding GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection.

There is no GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection for this area. For an increased margin of safety, we recommend the installation of a GFCI receptacle.

GENERAL COMMENTThe conditions observed and noted above are typical of older homes in this area, but if left unattended may effect the performance of the foundation or the health/safety of the occupants. Recommend further evaluation and repair of any items noted above.


Plumbing

A plumbing system consists of the domestic water supply lines, drain, waste and vent lines and gas lines. Inspection of the plumbing system is limited to visible faucets, fixtures, valves, drains, traps, exposed pipes and fittings. These items are examined for proper function, excessive or unusual wear, leakage, and general state of repair. The hidden nature of piping prevents inspection of every pipe and joint. A sewer lateral test, necessary to determine the condition of the underground sewer lines, is beyond the scope of this inspection If desired, a qualified individual could be retained for such a test. Our review of the plumbing system does not include landscape watering, fire suppression systems, private water supply/waste disposal systems, or recalled plumbing supplies. Review of these systems requires a qualified and licensed specialist.


BASIC INFORMATIONDomestic water source: Public supply

Landscape water source: Public supplyMain water line: Galvanized steel


Supply piping: Copper where seen

Waste disposal: MunicipalWaste piping: Galvanized steel, cast iron and plastic

Water pressure: Mid-range of normal water pressure


WATER SHUTOFF LOCATIONThe domestic water supply main shut-off valve is on the front wall in the basement.

WATER SHUTOFF COMMENTSThe main shut-off valve was located but testing the operation of this valve is not within the scope of our inspection. Operation of the valve from time to time will keep it functional and maximize its useful life.

MAIN SUPPLY

There was evidence of surface corrosion/oxidation, but no leakage, at the exposed and accessible main supply. This piping should be monitored and repaired if necessary.

INTERIOR SUPPLYThe extent of copper plumbing is unknown. Consultation with the owner/occupant and/or a licensed plumbing contractor is recommended if more information regarding the existing supply piping is desired.

WATER PRESSUREThe system water pressure, as measured at the exterior hose bibs, is within the range of normal.

DRAIN LINES

Based on the age of the home, we recommend a full camera review of the main line and waste piping system.

Insufficient hangers/strapping is used for the ABS/PVC drain piping in some locations. We recommend upgrading.


SEWER CLEANOUTThe sewer cleanout is located in the basement.

VENT LINESThe vent piping for the waste system appears to be properly installed and in good condition.

GAS METER COMMENTThere is no gas meter. This property is not served by a gas utility.

GENERAL COMMENTA representative number of fixtures were operated and we observed reasonable flow when other fixtures were operated simultaneously.

A representative number of drains were tested and each emptied in a reasonable amount of time and did not overflow when other fixtures were drained simultaneously.

The home's main piping either entirely or partially consists of galvanized steel piping. This piping is typically older, and has a limited lifespan. Though no specific leaks or damage was observed at the time of the inspection, we can make no representation regarding pipes hidden inside walls, underground, or behind insulation. Additionally, we observed some typical corrosion at some of the pipe joints, indicating older pipes.

Due to mineral deposit buildup and gradual reduction of flow, replacement of all remaining galvanized steel supply lines may eventually become necessary as a part of ongoing property maintenance and upgrading.

Water Heater

Our review of water heaters includes the tank, water and gas connections, electrical connections, venting and safety valves. These items are examined for proper function, excessive or unusual wear, leakage and general state of repair. We do not fully review tankless/on-demand systems and suggest you consult a specialist. The hidden nature of piping and venting prevents inspection of every pipe, joint, vent and connection.


BASIC INFORMATIONLocation: In the basement

Energy source: ElectricityAge: Unknown, but olderTechnical information: Unknown, an insulation blanket covers the data plateUnit type: Free standing tankWater heater temperature settings should be maintained in the mid-range to avoid injury from scalding

T/P RELEASE VALVEThe water heater is equipped with a temperature and pressure relief valve. This device is an important safety device and should not be altered or tampered with. We observed no adverse conditions.

SEISMIC RESTRAINTThe water heater tank has been secured. This feature will help prevent water heater movement and possible gas leakage, limit damage and provide a source of usable domestic water in the event of a major earthquake.

The water heater tank seismic restraint is minimal. We recommend it be upgraded to adequately secure the tank (one strap on both top and bottom half of the tank). This will help limit damage and provide a source of usable domestic water in the event of a major earthquake.


GENERAL COMMENT

This water heater was not fully visible, but appears to be older and beyond its expected service life. Although it is still operating its age indicates the need for replacement in the near future.

Electrical System

An electrical system consists of the service, distribution, wiring and convenience outlets (switches, lights, and receptacles). Our examination of the electrical system includes the exposed and accessible conductors, branch circuitry, panels, overcurrent protection devices, and a random sampling of convenience outlets. We look for adverse conditions such as improper installation, exposed wiring, running splices, reversed polarity and circuit protection devices. We do not evaluate fusing and/or calculate circuit loads. The hidden nature of the electrical wiring prevents inspection of every length of wire.

BASIC INFORMATIONService entry into building: Overhead service dropVoltage supplied by utility: 120/240 voltsCapacity (available amperage): 200 amperesSystem grounding source: Unable to locateBranch circuit protection: Circuit breakersWiring method: 'Romex', limited knob & tube, flexible and rigid conduit


ELECTRIC METERThe electric meter is outside on the right side of the building.

MAIN SERVICEThe main electrical service panel is outside on the right side of the building.


MAIN DISCONNECTThe main disconnect is incorporated into the electrical service panel.

SERVICE DROPThe service drop appears to be properly installed and in good condition.

MAIN DISCONNECTThe ampacity of the main disconnect is 200 amps.


CB MAIN PANELThe main service panel is in serviceable condition with circuitry generally installed and fused correctly, with only minor items worthy of attention.


There are holes in the service panel where 'knockouts' have been removed and left open. This is not an approved practice and we recommend the holes be closed with approved filler plates.

Some of the panel cover screws are missing. We recommend proper, blunt-end screws be installed.


The circuitry is not completely or not accurately labeled. We recommend that each circuit be identified, allowing individuals unfamiliar with the equipment to properly operate it when and if necessary.

SERVICE CAPACITYThe service entrance conductors are the wires between the utilities service drop and the main service disconnect or main service panel.

The service entrance conductors appear to be #4/0 Aluminum providing an ampacity of 200.

Our statement regarding service capacity is based upon the labeled rating of the main electrical service disconnect.

The service capacity is normal for a house this size and age, and appears adequate for the present demand and minor additional loads.

SERVICE GROUNDINGWe were unable to visually confirm grounding of the electrical system. Confirmation will require further inspection and possible destructive testing.


BRANCH CIRCUITRY

Though most of the wiring appears to be updated, some knob and tube wiring is in use in this building. This is an outdated system, but is not necessarily hazardous simply because it is old. We found no specific deficiencies in the visible and accessible wiring.

However, primarily because the knob and tube circuits are generally not grounded, and because of its age, we recommend replacement of the older wiring over time, as upgrades and maintenance projects are undertaken.

RECEPTACLES: OVERALLFor reference, as receptacles are discussed in this report, present standards for typical room plugs require grounded, 3 prong receptacles within six feet of any point on all walls. Upgrading is required in older buildings only during remodeling.

Based upon our inspection of a representative number, the receptacles were generally found to be in serviceable condition and operating properly, with exceptions noted elsewhere.

SWITCHES: OVERALLWe checked a representative number of switches and found them operating and generally in serviceable condition, with exceptions noted below.

LIGHTS: OVERALLThe light fixtures in this building are generally in serviceable condition, with exceptions noted below.

GFI PROTECTIONGFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection is a modern safety feature designed to prevent shock hazards. GFCI breakers and receptacles function to de-energize a circuit or a portion of a circuit when a hazardous condition exists.

GFCI protection is inexpensive and can provide a substantial increased margin of safety.

Some GFCI devices are installed in this home. However, we recommend adding these devices at all locations currently requiring this protection. This includes receptacles near sink basins, in bathrooms, garages, crawl spaces, and the exterior. In addition, we recommend upgrading all older devices (pre-2007) with newer devices for safety.


GENERAL COMMENTThe electrical system is generally in good condition, with only a few instances of needed repair or correction observed. See notes above for specific comments.

Insulation/Energy

Insulation, weatherstripping, dampers, double-glazed glass and set-back thermostats are features that help reduce heat loss and/or gain and increase system and appliance efficiency. Our visual inspection includes review to determine if these features are present in representative locations and we may offer suggestions for upgrading. Our review of insulation is based upon uniformly insulated or are insulated to current standards. It is our opinion that all homes could benefit from energy conservation upgrades, and we suggest that you consult professionals.

ATTIC INSULATIONThe attic has fiberglass batt insulation.

The level of insulation would appear to provide an R-20+ insulating value. This provides good resistance to heat transfer and is heavier than average.


WALL INSULATIONWe were unable to access the wall cavities and/or determine the presence or condition of insulation.

FLOOR INSULATION

There is insulation under portions, but not all, of the home. In some areas, it is only recently that insulation has been required under the floors. However, installing additional insulation is recommended.

GENERAL COMMENT

This structure appears to be partially insulated and energy efficient. Upgrading can further reduce heat loss, cold air infiltration and increase overall energy efficiency.

Locations of Emergency Controls

In an emergency, you may need to know where to shut off the gas, the water and/or the electrical system. We have listed below these controls and their location for your convenience. We urge that you familiarize yourself with their location and operation.

WATER SHUTOFF LOCATIONPLUMBINGThe domestic water supply main shut-off valve is on the front wall in the basement.


SEWER CLEANOUTPLUMBINGThe sewer cleanout is located in the basement.

ELECTRIC METERELECTRICAL SYSTEMThe electric meter is outside on the right side of the building.


MAIN SERVICEELECTRICAL SYSTEMThe main electrical service panel is outside on the right side of the building.

MAIN DISCONNECTELECTRICAL SYSTEMThe main disconnect is incorporated into the electrical service panel.

Environmental Concerns

Environmental issues include but are not limited to radon, fungi/mold, asbestos, lead paint, lead contamination, toxic waste, formaldehyde, electromagnetic radiation, buried fuel oil tanks, ground water contamination and soil contamination. We are not trained or licensed to recognize or discuss any of these materials. We may make reference to one of more of these materials in this report when we recognize one of the common forms of these substances. If further study or analysis seems prudent, the advice and services of the appropriate specialists are advised.


Conclusion

COMMENTSThis structure appears to be of standard quality, in need of miscellaneous repair and upgrading. There is also maintenance in need of attention. Examples of these conditions have been described in this report.

If performed routinely, this type of construction requires average maintenance to keep it in serviceable condition.

Most of the items that are in need of immediate attention and/or possible major cost items that would require repair in the near future are listed in the report summary. Please refer to these items for more information.

Many homes built prior to 1996 lack modern safety and energy efficient items.

Note: Structures built prior to the mid 1980s may contain lead and/or asbestos. Lead is commonly found in paint and in some plumbing components. The EPA does not recognize newer coats of paint as encapsulating older coats of lead-based paint. Asbestos is commonly found in various building materials such as insulation, siding, and/or floor and ceiling tiles. Laws were passed in 1978 to prohibit usage of lead and asbestos, but stocks of materials containing these substances remained in use for a number of years thereafter. Both lead and asbestos are known health hazards. Evaluating for the presence of lead and/or asbestos is beyond the scope of this inspection. Any mention of these materials in this report is made as a courtesy only, and meant to refer the client to a specialist. Consult with specialists as necessary, such as industrial hygienists, professional labs, and/or abatement specialists for this type of evaluation.

The home inspector considers the age of the home while inspecting. It is common to have areas that no longer comply with current code. This is not a new home and this home cannot be expected to meet current code standards. While this inspection makes every effort to point out safety issues, it does not inspect for code. It is common that homes of any age will have had repairs performed and some repairs may not be in a workmanlike manner. Some areas may appear less than standard. This inspection looks for items that are not functioning as intended. It does not grade the repair. It is common to see old plumbing or mixed materials. Sometimes water signs in crawlspaces or basements could be years old or from a problem that no longer exists. Or, it may still need further attention and repair. Determining this can be difficult on an older home. Sometimes in older homes there are signs of damage to wood from wood eating organisms. Having this is typical and fairely common. If the home inspection reveals signs of damage you should have a pest control company inspect further for activity and possibly hidden damage.

©2018 Strong Foundations Home Inspection

ADDENDA TO INSPECTION REPORT 1. The inspection to be performed for Client consists of non-intrusive visual observations to survey the readily accessible, easily visible material components, systems and equipment of the building. The inspection is designed to identify material physical deficiencies in the building’s components, systems and equipment, as they exist at the time of the inspection. The work product resulting from completing an inspection in accordance with this contract is an inspection report. The inspection report incorporates the information obtained during the inspection. The inspection report is for the sole use and benefit of the Client. Client agrees to read the entire inspection report when it is received and shall promptly call the Inspector with any questions or concerns Client may have regarding the inspection report or the inspection. The inspection report shall be considered the final and exclusive findings of the Inspector regarding the inspection of the building. Client shall not rely on any oral statement made by the Inspector prior to issuance of the inspection report. 2. Components and systems operated during the inspection will be identified in the inspection report. The identified components and systems shall be operated with normal user controls and as conditions permit. If a component or system is operated, it may be conducted without the aid of special protective clothing, exploratory probing, removing materials, testing, measuring, preparing, calculations or using special equipment, including meters or devices of any kind. Testing, measuring, or preparing calculations for any system or component to determine adequacy, capacity, or compliance with any standard is outside the scope of this contract. 3. The term “poor” or “major concern” in regard to a component mean the presence of conspicuous patent defects or material deferred maintenance of the building’s material systems, components, or building equipment as observed during the inspection. This definition specifically excludes deficiencies that may be remedied with routine maintenance, miscellaneous minor repairs, and normal operating maintenance, and excludes conditions that generally do not present material physical deficiencies of the building. 4. Inspector is an expert generalist and not acting as an expert in any SPECIFIC craft or


trade. The inspector may make recommendations for further evaluation by an individual(s) who is an expert or specialist IN ONE OR MORE SPECIFIC BUILDING COMPONENTS OR SYSTEMS. 5. The inspection is not technically exhaustive. The cost obtaining information or the time required to conduct a technically exhaustive inspection and prepare the inspection report could outweigh the usefulness of the information and could be detrimental to the orderly and timely completion of Client’s transaction. 6. No inspection can wholly eliminate the uncertainty regarding the presence of physical deficiencies and the performance of the building’s systems. Preparation of an inspection report in accordance with this contract is intended to reduce, but not eliminate, the uncertainty regarding the potential for component or system failure and to reduce the potential that such component or system may not be initially observed. Client recognizes the inherent subjective nature of the inspector’s opinions as to issues such as workmanship, quality of original installation, and estimating the remaining useful life of any given component or system. The inspector’s opinions generally are formed without detailed knowledge from those specifically familiar with the component or system’s performance. 7. The inspection report will contain a representative indication of the property condition at the time of the inspection and is dependent on the information available to the inspector at that time. 8. It is the Client’s duty and obligation to exercise reasonable care to protect himself or herself regarding the condition of the building, including those facts that are known to or within the diligent attention and observation of the Client. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS INSPECTION This inspection is limited to a visual observation of the exposed and readily accessible areas of the home. The concealed and inaccessible areas are not included. The following locations are considered inaccessible due to limited height and excluded from this inspection unless otherwise stated:

Crawl space areas less than 18 inches in height

Attic spaces less than 5 feet in height

Spaces under outdoor decks less than 5 feet high Observation includes operation of the systems or components by means of the normal user controls. Dismantling of equipment, and destructive testing is not included. Some specific items are also excluded, and these are listed in the following section. If you feel there is a need for evaluation of any of these items, then you will need to arrange for specific inspections. Items not Included


1. Recreational, leisure, playground or decorative equipment or appliances including but not limited to pools, hot tubs, saunas, steam baths, landscape lighting, fountains, shrubs, trees, and tennis courts; 2. Cosmetic conditions (wallpapering, painting, carpeting, scratches, scrapes, dents, cracks, stains, soiled or faded surfaces on the structure or equipment, soiled, faded, torn, or dirty floor, wall or window coverings etc.); 3. Noise pollution or air quality in the area; 4. Earthquake hazard, liquefaction, flood plain, soil, slide potential or any other geological conditions or evaluations; 5. Engineering level evaluations on any topic; 6. Existence or non-existence of solder or lead in water pipes, asbestos, hazardous waste, radon, urea formaldehyde urethane, lead paint or any other environmental, flammable or toxic contaminants or the existence of water or airborne diseases or illnesses and all other similar or potentially harmful substances (although the inspector may note the possible existence of asbestos in ceiling texture and furnace duct tape); 7. Zoning or municipal code (e.g. building, fire, housing (existing buildings), mechanical, electrical, plumbing, etc. code) restrictions or other legal requirements of any kind; 8. Any repairs which relate to some standard of interior decorating; 9. Cracked heat exchangers or similar devices in furnaces; 10. Any evaluation which requires the calculation of the capacity of any system or item that is expected to be part of the inspection. Examples include but are not limited to the calculation of appropriate wattage or wiring of kitchen appliances, appropriate sizing of flues or chimneys, appropriate ventilation to combustion-based items (e.g. furnaces, water heaters, fireplaces etc.), appropriate sizing, spacing and spanning of joists, beams, columns, girders, trusses, rafters, studs etc., appropriate sizing of plumbing and fuel lines, etc.; 11. Washers and dryers; 12. Circuit breaker operation; 13. Specialty evaluations such as private sewage, wells, solar heating systems, alarms, intercom systems, central vacuum systems, wood and coal stoves, pre-fab and zero clearance fireplaces, space heaters, sprinkler systems, gas logs, gas lights, elevators and common areas unless these have been specifically added to the inspection description above but only to the degree that the inspector is capable of evaluating these items;


14. Items that are not visible and exposed including but not limited to concealed wiring, plumbing, water leaks, under bathtubs and shower stalls due to faulty pans or otherwise, vent lines, duct work, exterior foundation walls (below grade or covered by shrubs or wall/paneling, stored goods etc.) and footings, underground utilities, and systems and chimney flues; 15. Evaluations involving destructive testing; 16. Evaluation which requires moving personal goods, debris, furniture, equipment, floor covering, insulation or like materials; 17. Design problems and adequacy or operational capacity, quality or suitability; 18. Fireplace drafting; 19. To prevent damages to units, air conditioning when outside temperature below 60 degrees F or if the unit has not been warmed up or on for at least 24 hours prior to inspection; 20. Any evaluation which would involve scraping paint or other wall coverings; 21. Heating system accessories (e.g. humidifiers, electronic air cleaners etc.); 22. Legal description of property such as boundaries, egress/ingress, etc.; 23. Quality of materials; 24. Conformance with plan specifications or manufacturers specifications; 25. Flood conditions or plains; 26. Any other characteristics or items which are generally not included in a building inspection report on a regular basis. Services for inspecting or evaluating the excluded items listed above may be available from the Inspector for an additional fee or from specialists qualified to inspect or evaluate a particular category or item. Disclaimer In some cases we may recommend your consulting a specialist such as a structural engineer or licensed electrician. Hiring a specialist can be a prudent means of providing some protection of your financial investment in this property. WE DO NOT MAKE ANY TYPE OF WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE AS TO THE CONDITION OF THE PROPERTY. SOME THINGS MAY REMAIN HIDDEN OR BECOME DEFECTIVE AFTER THE INSPECTION. IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO DETECT


EVERY DEFECT WITHIN A BUILDING DURING THE COURSE OF A GENERAL INSPECTION. THIS REPORT SHOULD BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH, AND NOT A REPLACEMENT FOR , A PRE-CLOSING WALK-THROUGH BY THE CLIENT. THIS INSPECTION IS NOT AN INSURANCE POLICY AGAINST HIDDEN DEFECTS, OR CONDITIONS THAT ARE NOT VISIBLE AND READILY APPARENT AT THE TIME OF INSPECTION. THE COST OF THIS INSPECTION DOES NOT ENTITLE YOU TO ANY TYPE OF PROTECTION FROM HIDDEN FLAWS AND DEFECTS. THIS INSPECTION DOES NOT TRANSFER YOUR ULTIMATE RESPONSIBILITY TO ALL POINT HOME INSPECTIONS. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS: Client acknowledges that what is being contracted for is a building inspection and not an environmental evaluation and the inspection is not intended to detect, identify or disclose any health or environmental concerns regarding this building or property, including, but not limited to, the presence of asbestos, radon, lead, urea formaldehyde, fungi, mold, mildew, PCB’s or other toxic materials or substances in the water, air, soil or building materials. CONFIDENTIAL REPORT: The inspection report to be prepared for the Client is solely and exclusively for the Client’s own information and may not be relied upon by any other person. Client agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the inspection report and agrees not to disclose any part of it to any other person. Client my distribute copies of the inspection report to other persons directly involved in this transaction, but the Client and Inspector do not in any way intend to benefit said other persons directly or indirectly through this Contract, the inspection or the inspection report. CLIENT AGREES TO INDEMNIFY, DEFEND AND HOLD THE INSPECTOR HARMLESS FROM ANY THRID PARTY CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF THE CLIENT’S UNAUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTION OF THE INSPECTION REPORT. LIQUIDATED DAMAGES: IT IS UNDERSTOOD AND AGREES BY AND BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO THAT THE INSPECTOR/INSPECTION COMPANY IS NOT AN INSURER, THAT THE PAYMENT FOR THE SUBJECT INSPECTION IS BASED SOLELY ON THE VALUE OF THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE INSPECTOR/INSPECTION COMPANY IN THE PREFORMANCE OF THE INSPECTION AND PRODUCTION OF THE INSPECTION REPORT AS DESCRIBED HEREIN, THATIT IS IMPRACTICABLE AND EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO FIX THE ACTUAL DAMAGES, OF ANY, WHICH MAY RESULT FROM A FAILURE TO PERFORM SUCH SERVICES, AND IN CASE OF FAILURE TO PERFORM SUCH SERVICES AND A RESULTING LOSS, THE CLIENT’S DAMAGES HEREIN SHALL BE LIQUIDATER AND FIXED IN AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO THE INSPECTION FEE PAID MULTIPLIED BY ONE HUNDRED TWENT-FIVE PERCENT (125%) AS


LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AND NOT AS A PENALTY, AND THIS REMEDY SHALL BE EXCLUSIVE. GENERAL PROVISIONS: A. This inspection contract, the inspection, and the inspection report do not constitute a warranty, guarantee, or insurance policy of any kind whatsoever. B. No legal action or proceeding of any kind, including in tort or contract can be commenced against Inspector/Inspection Company, or its officers, agents or employees more than one year after the date of the subject inspection. Time is expressly of the essence herein. THIS TIME PERIOD IS SHORTER THAN OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY LAW. C. In the event the Client discovers a material physical deficiency in a component, system or equipment of the building that was not identified and reported by the Inspector, Client shall so notify the Inspector in writing and allow Inspector and/or Inspector’s designated representative to re-inspect and document the condition(s) of the material physical deficiency prior to making any repair, alteration, or replacement to said physical deficiency. D. Should any provision of this contract be held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be either invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this contract shall remain in full force and effect, unimpaired by the court’s holding. E. This contract shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of only the undersigned parties and their heirs, successors and assigns. F. This contract constitutes the entire integrated agreement between the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof, and may be modified only by a written agreement signed by all of the parties hereto. No oral agreements, understanding, or representations shall change, modify, or amend any part of this contract. G. Each party signing this contract warrants and represents that he/she has the full capacity and authority to execute this contract on behalf of the named party whether it is a corporation, partnership, or other entity. If this contract is executed on behalf of the Client by a third party, the person executing this contract expressly represents to the Inspector that he/she has the full and complete authority to execute this contract on the Client’s behalf and to fully and completely bind the Client to all of the terms, conditions, limitations, exceptions and exclusions of this contract. This report is the exclusive property of this inspection company and the client(s) listed in the report title. Use of this report by any unauthorized persons is prohibited. FOLLOW-UP INSPECTION POLICY Generally we discourage follow-up inspections for these reasons


1. Quality of repairs

If repairs are made to a property based on the results of an inspection, the work should be performed by qualified contractors, not the seller. By qualified, we mean licensed, bonded, state-certified where applicable and with a reasonable amount of experience. Contractors providing repairs should provide legible documentation in the form of work orders and/or receipts. If repairs are made in this way, then there's generally no need for a follow-up inspection. Additionally, it may be better to negotiate a lower price on your home and have repairs made by contractors you choose rather than the seller making repairs as cheaply as possible. ________________________________________ As a part of our service, we sometimes provide approximate, cost of repair estimates for particular items. These estimates should be considered as background information only. It is beyond the scope of this inspection and report to supply you with accurate repair costs. Such estimates should be supplied by contractors who specialize in this type of work. Our estimates should be used only as guidelines. If you intend to negotiate the price of this property based on defects found during this inspection, we strongly suggest you obtain one or more written bids from a licensed contractor(s). It is a conflict of interest for Strong Foundations Home Inspection to recommend any specific contractor.


Life Expectancy Charts for Homes PLEASE NOTE: These life expectancies have been determined through research and testing based on regular recommended maintenance and conditions of normal wear and tear, and not extreme weather or other conditions, neglect, over-use or abuse. Therefore, they should be used as guidelines only, and not relied upon as guarantees or warranties. Surface preparation and paint quality are the most important determinants of a paint's life expectancy. Ultraviolet (UV) rays via sunshine can shorten life expectancy. Additionally, conditions of high humidity indoors or outdoors can affect the lifespan of these components, which is why they should be inspected and maintained seasonally.

ADHESIVES, CAULK & PAINTS

YEARS

Caulking (interior & exterior) 5 to 10 Construction Glue 20+ Paint (exterior) 7 to 10 Paint (interior) 10 to 15 Roofing Adhesives/Cements 15+ Sealants 8 Stains 3 to 8 Appliance life expectancy depends to a great extent on the use it receives. Furthermore, consumers often replace appliances long before they become worn out due to changes in styling, technology and consumer preferences.

APPLIANCES YEARS Air Conditioner (window)

5 to 7

Compactor (trash) 6 Dehumidifier 8 Dishwasher 9 Disposal (food waste) 12 Dryer Vent (plastic) 5 Dryer Vent (steel) 20 Dryer (clothes) 13 Exhaust Fans 10 Freezer 10 to 20 Gas Oven 10 to 18 Hand Dryer 10 to 12 Humidifier (portable) 8 Microwave Oven 9 Range/Oven Hood 14 Electric Range 13 to 15


Gas Range 15 to 17 Refrigerator 9 to 13 Swamp Cooler 5 to 15 Washing Machine 5 to 15 Whole-House Vacuum System 20 Modern kitchens today are larger and more elaborate. Together with the family room, they now form the “great room.”

CABINETRY & STORAGE YEARS Bathroom Cabinets 50+ Closet Shelves 100+ Entertainment Center/Home Office

10

Garage/Laundry Cabinets 70+ Kitchen Cabinets 50 Medicine Cabinet 25+ Modular (stock manufacturing-type)

50

Walls and ceilings last the full lifespan of the home.

CEILINGS & WALLS YEARS Acoustical Tile Ceiling 40+ (older than 25 years may

contain asbestos) Ceramic Tile 70+ Concrete 75+ Gypsum 75 Wood Paneling 20 to 50 Suspended Ceiling 25+ Natural stone countertops, which are less expensive than they were just a few years ago, are becoming more popular, and one can expect them to last a lifetime. Cultured marble countertops have a shorter life expectancy, however.

COUNTERTOPS YEARS Concrete 50 Cultured Marble 20 Natural Stone 100+ Laminate 20 to 30 Resin 10+ Tile 100+ Wood 100+


Decks are exposed to a wide range of conditions in different climates, from wind and hail in some areas, to relatively consistent, dry weather in others. See FASTENERS & STEEL section for fasteners.

DECKS YEARS Deck Planks 15 Composite 8 to 25 Structural Wood 10 to 30 Exterior fiberglass, steel and wood doors will last as long as the house, while vinyl and screen doors have a shorter life expectancy. The gaskets/weatherstripping of exterior doors may have to be replaced every 5 to 8 years.

DOORS YEARS Closet (interior) 100+ Fiberglass (exterior) 100+ Fire-Rated Steel (exterior) 100+ French (interior) 30 to 50 Screen (exterior) 30 Sliding Glass/Patio (exterior) 20 (for roller wheel/track

repair/replacement) Vinyl (exterior) 20 Wood (exterior) 100+ Wood (hollow-core interior) 20 to 30 Wood (solid-core interior) 30 to 100+ Copper-plated wiring, copper-clad aluminum, and bare copper wiring are expected to last a lifetime, whereas electrical accessories and lighting controls, such as dimmer switches, may need to be replaced after 10 years. GFCIs could last 30 years, but much less if tripped regularly. Remember that faulty, damaged or overloaded electrical circuits or equipment are the leading cause of house fires, so they should be inspected regularly and repaired or updated as needed.

ELECTRICAL YEARS Accessories 10+ Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs)

30

Bare Copper 100+ Bulbs (compact fluorescent) 8,000 to 10,000+ hours Bulbs (halogen) 4,000 to 8,000+ hours Bulbs (incandescent) 1,000 to 2,000+ hours Bulbs (LED) 30,000 to 50,000+ hours Copper-Clad Aluminum 100+ Copper-Plated 100+


Fixtures 40 Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs)

up to 30

Lighting Controls 30+ Residential Propane Backup Generators

12

Service Panel 60 Solar Panels 20 to 30 Solar System Batteries 3 to 12 Wind Turbine Generators 20 Floor and roof trusses and laminated strand lumber are durable household components, and engineered trim may last 30 years.

ENGINEERED LUMBER YEARS Engineered Joists 80+ Laminated Strand Lumber 100+ Laminated Veneer Lumber 80+ Trusses 100+ Fastener manufacturers do not give lifespans for their products because they vary too much based on where the fasteners are installed in a home, the materials in which they're installed, and the local climate and environment. However, inspectors can use the guidelines below to make educated judgments about the materials they inspect.

FASTENERS, CONNECTORS & STEEL

YEARS

Adjustable Steel Columns 50+ Fasteners (bright) 25 to 60 Fasteners (copper) 65 to 80+ Fasteners (galvanized) 10+ Fasteners (electro-galvanized) 15 to 45 Fasteners (hot-dipped galvanized)

35 to 60

Fasteners (stainless) 65 to 100+ Steel Beams 200+ Steel Columns 100+ Steel Plates 100+ Flooring life is dependent on maintenance and the amount of foot traffic the floor endures.

FLOORING YEARS All Wood Floors 100+ Bamboo 100+ Brick Pavers 100+


Carpet 8 to 10 Concrete 50+ Engineered Wood 50+ Exotic Wood 100+ Granite 100+ Laminate 15 to 25 Linoleum 25 Marble 100+ Other Domestic Wood 100+ Slate 100 Terrazzo 75+ Tile 75 to 100 Vinyl 25 Concrete and poured-block footings and foundations will last a lifetime, assuming they were properly built. Waterproofing with bituminous coating lasts 10 years, but if it cracks, it is immediately damaged.

FOUNDATIONS YEARS Baseboard Waterproofing System 50 Bituminous-Coating Waterproofing

10

Concrete Block 100+ Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs) 100 Permanent Wood Foundation (PWF; treated)

75

Post and Pier 20 to 65 Post and Tensioned Slab on Grade

100+

Poured-Concrete Footings and Foundation

100+

Slab on Grade (concrete) 100 Wood Foundation 5 to 40 Framing and structural systems have extended longevities; poured-concrete systems, timber frame houses and structural insulated panels will all last a lifetime.

FRAMING YEARS Log 80 to 200 Poured-Concrete Systems 100+ Steel 100+ Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)

100+

Timber Frame 100+


The quality and frequency of use will affect the longevity of garage doors and openers.

GARAGES YEARS Garage Doors 20 to 25 Garage Door Openers 10 to 15 Home technology systems have diverse life expectancies and may have to be upgraded due to evolution in technology.

HOME TECHNOLOGY YEARS Built-In Audio 20 Carbon Monoxide Detectors* 5 Doorbells 45 Home Automation System 5 to 50 Intercoms 20 Security System 5 to 20 Smoke/Heat Detectors* less than 10 Wireless Home Networks 5+ * Batteries should be changed at least annually. Thermostats may last 35 years but they are usually replaced before they fail due to technological improvements.

HVAC YEARS Air Conditioner (central) 7 to 15 Air Exchanger 15 Attic Fan 15 to 25 Boiler 40 Burner 10+ Ceiling Fan 5 to 10 Chimney Cap (concrete)

100+

Chimney Cap (metal) 10 to 20 Chimney Cap (mortar) 15 Chimney Flue Tile 40 to 120 Condenser 8 to 20 Dampers 20+ Dehumidifier 8 Diffusers, Grilles and Registers 25 Ducting 60 to 100 Electric Radiant Heater 40 Evaporative Cooler 15 to 25


Furnace 15 to 25 Gas Fireplace 15 to 25 Heat Exchanger 10 to 15 Heat Pump 10 to 15 Heat-Recovery Ventilator 20 Hot-Water and Steam-Radiant Boiler

40

Humidifier 12 Induction and Fan-Coil Units 10 to 15 Thermostats 35 Ventilator 7 As long as they are not punctured, cut or burned and are kept dry and away from UV rays, cellulose, fiberglass and foam insulation materials will last a lifetime. This is true regardless of whether they were installed as loose-fill, housewrap or batts/rolls.

INSULATION & INFILTRATION BARRIERS

YEARS

Batts/Rolls 100+ Black Paper (felt paper) 15 to 30 Cellulose 100+ Fiberglass 100+ Foamboard 100+ Housewrap 80+ Liquid-Applied Membrane 50 Loose-Fill 100+ Rockwool 100+ Wrap Tape 80+ Masonry is one of the most enduring household components. Fireplaces, chimneys and brick veneers can last the lifetime of the home.

MASONRY & CONCRETE YEARS Brick 100+ Insulated Concrete Forms (hybrid block)

100+

Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs) 100+ Man-Made Stone 25 Masonry Sealant 2 to 20 Stone 100+ Stucco/EIFS 50+ Veneer 100+


Custom millwork and stair parts will last a lifetime and are typically only upgraded for aesthetic reasons.

MOLDING, MILLWORK & TRIM

YEARS

Attic Stairs (pull-down) 50 Custom Millwork 100+ Pre-Built Stairs 100+ Stair Parts 100+ Stairs 100+ The lifetime of any wood product depends heavily on moisture intrusion.

PANELS YEARS Flooring Underlayment 25 Hardboard 40 Particleboard 60 Plywood 100 Softwood 30 Oriented Strand Board (OSB) 60 Wall Panels 100+ The quality of plumbing fixtures varies dramatically. The mineral content of water can shorten the life expectancy of water heaters and clog showerheads. Also, some finishes may require special maintenance with approved cleaning agents per the manufacturers in order to last their expected service lives.

PLUMBING, FIXTURES & FAUCETS

YEARS

ABS and PVC Waste Pipe 50 to 80 Accessible/ADA Handles 100+ Acrylic Kitchen Sink 50 Cast-Iron Bathtub 100 Cast-Iron Waste Pipe (above ground)

60

Cast-Iron Waste Pipe (below ground)

50 to 60

Concrete Waste Pipe 100+ Copper Water Lines 70 Enameled Steel Kitchen Sink 5 to 10+ Faucets and Spray Hose 15 to 20 Fiberglass Bathtub and Shower 20 Gas Lines (black steel) 75 Gas Lines (flex) 30


Hose Bibs 20 to 30 Instant (on-demand) Water Heater

10

PEX 40 Plastic Water Lines 75 Saunas/Steam Room 15 to 20 Sewer Grinder Pump 10 Shower Enclosure/Module 50 Shower Doors 20 Showerheads 100+ (if not clogged by

mineral/other deposits) Soapstone Kitchen Sink 100+ Sump Pump 7 Toilet Tank Components 5 Toilets, Bidets and Urinals 100+ Vent Fan (ceiling) 5 to 10 Vessel Sink (stone, glass, porcelain, copper)

5 to 20+

Water Heater (conventional) 6 to 12 Water Line (copper) 50 Water Line (plastic) 50 Water Softener 20 Well Pump 15 Whirlpool Tub 20 to 50 Radon systems have but one moving part: the radon fan.

RADON SYSTEMS YEARS Air Exchanger 15 Barometric Backdraft Damper/Fresh-Air Intake

20

Caulking 5 to 10 Labeling 25 Manometer 15 Piping 50+ Radon Fan 5 to 8 The life of a roof depends on local weather conditions, building and design, material quality, and adequate maintenance. Hot climates drastically reduce asphalt shingle life. Roofs in areas that experience severe weather, such as hail, tornadoes and/or hurricanes, may also experience a shorter-than-normal lifespan overall or may incur isolated damage that requires repair in order to ensure the service life of the surrounding roofing materials.

ROOFING YEARS


Aluminum Coating 3 to 7 Asphalt (architectural) 30 Asphalt Shingles (3-tab) 20 BUR (built-up roofing) 30 Clay/Concrete 100+ Coal and Tar 30 Copper 70+ EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) Rubber

15 to 25

Fiber Cement 25 Green (vegetation-covered) 5 to 40 Metal 40 to 80 Modified Bitumen 20 Simulated Slate 10 to 35 Slate 60 to 150 TPO 7 to 20 Wood 25 Outside siding materials typically last a lifetime. Some exterior components may require protection through appropriate paints or sealants, as well as regular maintenance. Also, while well-maintained and undamaged flashing can last a long time, it is their connections that tend to fail, so seasonal inspection and maintenance are strongly recommended.

SIDINGS, FLASHING & ACCESSORIES

YEARS

Aluminum Gutters, Downspouts, Soffit and Fascia

20 to 40+

Aluminum Siding 25 to 40+ Asbestos Shingle 100 Brick 100+ Cementitious 100+ Copper Downspouts 100 Copper Gutters 50+ Engineered Wood 100+ Fiber Cement 100+ Galvanized Steel Gutters/Downspouts

20

Manufactured Stone 100+ Stone 100+ Stucco/EIFS 50+ Trim 25 Vinyl Gutters and Downspouts 25+ Vinyl Siding 60 Wood/Exterior Shutters 20


Site and landscaping elements have life expectancies that vary dramatically.

SITE & LANDSCAPING YEARS American Red Clay 100+ Asphalt Driveway 15 to 20 Brick and Concrete Patio 15 to 25 Clay Paving 100+ Concrete Walks 40 to 50 Controllers 15 Gravel Walks 4 to 6 Mulch 1 to 2 Polyvinyl Fencing 100+ Sprinkler Heads 10 to 14 Underground PVC Piping 60+ Valves 20 Wood Chips 1 to 5 Wood Fencing 20 Swimming pools are composed of many systems and components, all with varying life expectancies.

SWIMMING POOLS YEARS Concrete Shell 25+ Cover 7 Diving Board 10 Filter and Pump 10 Interior Finish 10 to 35 Pool Water Heater 8 Vinyl Liner 10 Waterline Tile 15+ Aluminum windows are expected to last between 15 and 20 years, while wooden windows should last nearly 30 years.

WINDOWS YEARS Aluminum/Aluminum-Clad 15 to 20 Double-Pane 8 to 20 Skylights 10 to 20 Vinyl/Fiberglass Windows 20 to 40 Window Glazing 10+ Wood 30+ Note: Life expectancy varies with usage, weather, installation, maintenance and quality of


materials. This list should be used only as a general guideline and not as a guarantee or warranty regarding the performance or life expectancy of any appliance, product, system or component. Evaluations are made as to the present age, and remaining economic life of an item, i.e. water heaters, roofs, plumbing, furnaces, etc. These evaluations are based on visual observation, industry averages and prior experience. THEY ARE NOT OFFERED AS A WARRANTY OR CERTIFICATION OF REMAINING LIFE.


HOME MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST: Monthly: 1. Clean any removable dishwasher filters. 2. Purge food disposal by filling the kitchen sink with clean water, then turn on the device until the water drains through. 3. Wash refrigerator/freezer interior walls and door gaskets with a solution of one quart of warm water to two tablespoons of baking soda and wipe dry. 4. Vacuum and clean “return” air ducts/grills. 5. Inspect lighting fixtures and replace any burned-out bulbs. 6. Clean clothes dryer lint trap and/or duct for better energy efficiency and to decrease the risk of fire. Quarterly: 1. Inspect and service doors by cleaning and lubricating latches, hinges or replacing weather-stripping as might be required. 2. Inspect and repair, if necessary, exterior caulking and finish around windows, doors, and siding. 3. Replace/clean, at least quarterly, furnace, heating and cooling system filters. 4. Re-tighten knobs and pulls on cabinets. Clean and lubricate drawer tracks and guides. Semi-annually: 1. Inspect and test smoke and carbon monoxide alarms. Replace backup batteries as might be required. 2. Test (GFCI) ground fault circuit interrupters and (AFCI) arc fault breakers. 3. Inspect and maintain/clean gutters and downspouts. Runoff water must be directed away from the home. 4. Inspect attics and substructure areas for rodent droppings or other signs of pests or leaks/standing water, etc. 5. Prior to the beginning of the rainy season, test sump pumps for adequacy and function. 6. Look for moisture or decay, outside and inside the house, where flat surface decks and landing attach to the house. This is especially important if the landings do not have proper flashings. 7. Clean range hood fan grills and housings. 8. Use a vacuum cleaner to remove dust on coils behind the refrigerator/freezer. Annually: 1. Licensed contractor to inspect and service heating and air-conditioning systems. 2. Professional contractor to inspect and service wood burning appliances and chimneys. 3. Seal any foundation cracks. 4. Inspect, clean and lubricate garage vehicle door tracks and test auto-reverse functions. 5. Clean and lubricate sliding glass door and window tracks. 6. Inspect exterior paint for cracking and wear. Repaint, caulk and seal as needed.


7. Reseal, as required, wood decks and landings. 8. Inspect, for water damage, pests or rot, any substructure and attic areas. 9. Inspect roof flashings, chimney caps, shingles. 10. Inspect outside electrical service lines for damage, exposed wires or proximity to tree limbs. 11. Inspect all supply hoses at sinks, toilets and washing machines. 12. Clean and repair caulking or grout in bathrooms or kitchens. 13. Clean bathroom exhaust fan blades and grills. 14. Inspect all electric coeds and replace as needed. 15. Change water filters and have fresh water systems professionally services. Tips for keeping drains clear: 1. Pour a pot of hot water down the drain once a week to help clear away fat or grease that may have built-up in the drain line or the P-trap. 2. If a drain is clogged, try pouring 1/2 cup of white vinegar down the drain. Cover the drain and let the mixture sit for a few minutes. Then pour a pot of hot water down the drain. General Safety tips: Ensure that you know where the following items are located: 1. Emergency contact telephone numbers. 2. Fire extinguishers and water hose pipes. 3. Heating gas/fuel main shut off valve. 4. Main electrical disconnect circuit breaker (breaker box/service panel). 5. Main drain line clean-out. 6. Main water shut-off valve. 7. All window and door exits.

Documents

FAIRA TRANSPARENCY REPORTS 3811 A St, Tacoma, WA 98418 · without any bias or influence from the seller(s). In fact, these reports are materially identical had you as the buyer(s)