Energy and Cellular Respiration Part 1

8/14/2019 Energy and Cellular Respiration Part 1

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Energy and Cellular

RespirationChapter 7



Cellular Respiration vs.

Photosynthesis• Formulas



Cellular Respiration vs.

Photosynthesis• Organelles

• Mitochondria• Eukaryotic cells

•Structure is key

− Two membranes

− Space between membranes

− Matrix makes up inner membrane

– Lots of enzymes foundhere for chemical

reactions− Complex folding=many sites

for reactions to take place – Maximizes ATP

production

• Chloroplast•

More about this one later…



Energy• Heat (thermal)

• Light (solar)

• Electrical

• What carries energy?

• Electrons (little energy packets)

• Negatively charged particle

• Involved in making bonds between

atoms

• Electromagnetic spectrum





How is Energy

Transferred?• Think food chain!

• First Law of

Thermodynamicsaka the Law of

Conservation of

Energy

• E cannot be created

or destroyed, only

transferred

(converted)



Kinetic vs. Potential

• Energy of motion

• Anything moving

or in motion• Ex.

• Climbing stairs

• Leg muscles

working

•Stored energy due to an objects

position or arrangement

•As you climb up, you are getting

higher, more gravitational pull,

increase potential E



Two Types of Kinetic

Energy• Directed kinetic

energy

• Ex. Your body asit moves down

slide

• Random kinetic

energy of molecular

motion

• Thermal energy

• Ex. When your body

collides with water. Air

and water molecules

are forced to move andcollide at random,

transferring energy



• Thermal Energy

•Created from Random molecular motion

• “Heat” is thermal energy that is

transferred from warmer object to

cooler object



So exactly what

happens as you go down

the slide?• As you climb up the

slideKinetic E

• When you reach top of

slidepotential E

• As you slide

downdirected kinetic E

• When you hit water and

stopRandom kinetic E

of molecular motion



• You cannot

retrieve thermal

energy, so youmust get new

source of energy

to climb back up

the slide• What do you do?



Eat food!• Food is

composed of organic

compounds

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Proteins

• All rich in E

• These organiccompounds contain a

form of potential

energy we call

• CHEMICAL ENERGY



Organic compounds

• Potential to do work is in the

arrangement of atoms in the

molecules

• Amount of potential energy

depends on the structure of themolecules

• When you break a bond, you

release E

•Energy now available for muscles to do work

• Structures of…

• Proteins

•Carbohydrates

• Fats





Cells and Cars use

Combustion• Cells • Cars





calorie• Amount of energy required to raise

the temperature of 1 g of water 1*C

• Very tiny

• Not practical to measure energy in

food

• Express in kilocalories (kcal), or

Calories, what is on the nutritionlabel

• KHDmdcm



Burning food…

• Changes chemical energy to

thermal energy (releases heat)

• Measure increase of water temperature and definition of

calorie to find out how much

chemical energy is in food



Practice problem

• If a peanut is burned and the

temperature of 1 kilogram of

water is raised by 8*C, howmany calories are in the

peanut?

• How many Calories?



Find the amount of calories and how much

the water temp of 1 g of water was raised…

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Energy and Cellular Respiration Part 1