Upload
philomena-parks
View
224
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
#eframe
e-Frame Convergence ReportJan Pieter SmitsRutger HoekstraNiels SchoenakerStatistics Netherlands
Number of systems to measure SD/progress (Cumulative)
2
Question to the audience
3
Number of countries with national income estimates
41900 1920 1940 19600
20
40
60
80
100
Econometric modelsKeynes theoryInput-output analysis
GDP and Beyond: Why convergence?
– Arguments for convergence‐ One message for society‐ International comparability‐ Working together
– Arguments against convergence‐ Countries have different preferences (Stakeholder
involvement) – Misconceptions
‐ It is just a matter of choosing one of the current systems
‐ Convergence leaves no flexibility‐ This is the golden ticket to success in GDP and
Beyond‐ The convergence process needs to be started now
5
Stocktaking of convergence initiatives
6
SCALE LEVEL
STAKEHOLDER
Sustainable development, Wellbeing, Happiness, Sustainability, Green Growth, Resource efficiency, Corporate Social Responsibility, Integrated reporting, Footprint etc.
National Government
Regional Regional government
Company Companies
Product Consumers
Conceptual convergence
Horizontal convergence
Vertical converge
nce
Example:Measuring what matters (UK)CBS/GRI/TSC (The Netherlands)
Example:System of Environmental and Economic accounts (SEEA)Global Reporting Initiative
Conceptual convergence (National level)
7
Progress Sustainable development Green Growth
“Here and now”
“Later” (Sustainability) “Elsewhere”
Well-being Economic capital
Natural capital
Human capital
Social capital
Capital approach /Wealth accounting (World Bank) (mid 90s)
UNECE/Eurostat/OECD WG on Statistics on Sustainable development (2005-2009)
Stiglitz-Sen-Fittousi report (2009)/Sponsorship Group (Eurostat/INSEE)
CES recommendations (UNECE-Eurostat-OECD (2009-2013)
Conceptual model is:-Consistent to National Accounts-Linked to economic models
Number of systems to measure SD/progress (Cumulative)
8
Case study: Measurement systems SD/progress
– Database ‐ 12 composites (economic and non-economic)‐ 43 Sustainable Development Indicator Sets• 24 out of 28 EU countries
9
SD at national level: SDI sets
10
SD at national level: Popular indicators
11
Themes Most used indicatorTH1. Subjective well-being
Life satisfaction
TH2. Consumption and income
Gross Domestic Product
TH3. Nutrition Drinking waterTH4. Health Life expectancy at birthTH5. Labour Unemployment rateTH6. Education Educational attainmentTH7. Housing Housing qualityTH8. Leisure Leisure timeTH9. Physical safety Recorded crimeTH10. Land and ecosystems
Protected areas
TH11. Water Water quality TH12. Air quality Acidifying emissionsTH13. Climate GHG emissionsTH14. Energy resources Energy intensityTH15. Mineral resources Generation of wasteTH16. Trust Voluntary workTH17. Institutions Voter turnout in
elections TH18. Physical capital Gross fixed capital
formationTH19. Knowledge capital R&D expendituresTH20. Financial capital Government debt
SD at national level: Country differences
12
Biased to higher income countries
Biased to lower income countries
Obesity prevalence Wastewater treatmentOfficial Development
Assistance Sanitation
Physical exercise Drinking water
Smoking prevalence Land degradation
Mental well-being Biofuel
Voluntary work Literacy rateFamily/friends/neighbours E-government
Conclusions
– We can learn from the history of National accounts/GDP– Bad news
‐ Convergence takes a long time‐ Adoption takes even longer‐ Can we really wait several decades?
– Good news‐ Convergence has already started‐ Despite their differences there are many similarities
ofsystems
– Comments?‐ Draft report ready by end of February‐ Want to review? [email protected]‐ June 2014- final version
13
SD at national level: Composites
• 59%
14