EARLY INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Abby and Chelsea

KEY INNOVATIONS AND INVENTIONS

•1780: Oliver Evans, built flower mill operated by water-power.

•1820: Samuel Sellars Jr. created a machine that twisted woolen yarn.

•1830: Merchants in Cincinnati, created a slaughterhouse that processed hogs

334,000 a year hogs by 1850.

•Also, coal burning steam engines, produced iron, brass and copper.

•Samuel Colt invented the six-shooter revolver.

FIRST FACTORY

•Samuel Slater (1768-1835)

• 1790: Invented a machine that spun cotton, taken from a British

model.

•A speed at which cotton can be spun into yarn.

•The beginnings of American Industrial started in Pawtucket Rhode

Island.

NEW ENGLAND

•Eli Whitney (1765-1825) Grew up in a New England farm family.

•Age 14 Fashioned nails and knife blades.

•Later built a simple machine that separated seeds in a cotton ball.

FACTORY SYSTEM

•Increased productivity.

•Outwork system- rural men and women earned money by taking in jobs from

factories, typified early industrialization.

•Began with outwork system then transitioned into the factory system.

•Factory system- work done on a large scale in one central area.

LOWELL SYSTEM

•In Lowell Massachusetts, opened in 1823, The town and factory, named after Francis

Cabot Lowell.

•Preferred young girls because it paid less than men. Referred to as the “Lowell girls”.

•Girls lived in boarding houses, with strict rules.

LOWELL CONTINUED.....

Lowell returned to america with plans to reinvent the power

loom of British factory system.

The town, Lowell

-17,000

-nine factories

-employing 7,800

-1 million yards of cloth per week.

The “Lowell Offering”.

1855- 52 mills, employing 8,800 women, and 4,400 men

producing 2.25 million yards of cotton a week.

LOWELL CONTINUED.....

1845- Lowell Female Labor Reform Association.

First trade unions of industrial women, in the U.S. Founded by

Lowell cotton mill workers.

CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPACTS

Wider system of credit for entrepreneurs', to

secure capital.

Men had a new role as “boss”.

Women were free from domestic service and

parental control.

Instead of working on farms that depended on

seasons there was such thing as work time.

Wages were changed to per hour.

REFERENCES

Henretta, James. America's History. 7. Boston:

Bedford/Martins, .

Foner, Eric. Give me Liberty!. 1. New York: Norton

&Company, 2005.

Bender, David. The Industrial Revolution. 1. San

Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1998

Brands, H.W. American Colossus. 1. New York:

Doubleday, 2010.

"Economic Growth and the early Industrial

Revolution." U.S History. Independence Hall

Association, 2008-2011. Web. 21 Nov 2011.

<http://www.ushistory.org/us/22a.asp>.