8/14/2019 E-Lingua Franca 10 February 2010
14/19
Q st st W6>
^jj gfby fn{e~ efbm{fmk ekfxbkxt nxj|'j{~ jc efbm{fmk
dj{xtkt%
~`k K{xj|kfb [bijb c{bnkn |xjokd~% -Njb~ Misk [|- jcckxt
efbm{fmk
td`jjet% ~kfd`kxt fbn t~{nkb~t f djg|ek~k tk~ jc gj~isf~ijbfe
Hkt~
\xfd~idkt cjx kskxy ekske jc fn{e~ efbm{fmk ekfxbibm ~j kbt{xk
t~{nkb~
t{ddktt" Ib cfd~ gfby jc ~`k hkt~ |xfd~idkt dfb hk {tkn ib
j~`kx
eksket jc efbm{fmk ~kfd`ibm fbn ekfxbibm" ^`k |xjokd~ `ft
mf~`kxkn
hkt~ |xfd~idkt% ~`f~ }iee `ke| yj{ {tk yj{x xktj{xdkt gjxk
kccidikb~ey% xkn{dk djt~t% mfib hk~~kx ~kfd`kx tf~itcfd~ijb fbn%
gjt~ig|jx~fb~ey% `fsk t~{nkb~t ~`f~ t{ddkkn fbn dfb {tk ~`k
Hkt~
\xfd~idkt ib ~`kix j}b ekfxbibm fbn djgk hfda ~j f~~fib im`kx
eksket"
^`k |xjokd~ ft |{heit`kn ~`k -Njb-~ Misk [|- hjja ~`f~ ibde{nkt
fee
>0 Hkt~ |xfd~idkt cjx efbm{fmk td`jje gfbfmkxt fbn
|knfmjmit~t%
efbm{fmk ~kfd`kxt fbn t~{nkb~t" ^`k hkt~ |xfd~idkt djskx
kskxy
ft|kd~ jc x{bbibm f efbm{fmk dj{xtkt fbn efbm{fmk td`jje"
Yj{ dfb fetj djb~xih{~k ~j ~`k hkt~ |xfd~idkt jb j{x ]iai `kxk"
Jb
~`k ]iai yj{ dfb ~kee ~`k djgg{bi~y fhj{~ yj{x kp|kxikbdkt ib
{tibm
~`k hkt~ |xfd~idkt fbn fnn yj{x inkft ft }kee"
]`y nj fn{e~ t~{nkb~t ekfsk efbm{fmk dj{xtkt hkcjxk ~`kix
t{ddkttc{e djg|ek~ijb:
\knfmjmidfe ft|kd~
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efbm{fmkt%
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kp|kxikbdk
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t~{ny-t
xkt{e~t fbn fetj ibdxkftkt ~`k t~{nkb~t-|kxdkb~fmk ~`f~
ekfskt
efbm{fmk dj{xtkt hkcjxk ~`kix djg|ek~ijb" ]k tkk jbk j{~djgk
ib
~`k kt~fheit`gkb~ jc fb ibnk|kbnkb~ ciken? Efbm{fmk Fn{e~
Kn{df~ijb }`id` }j{en hk ~f{m`~ f~ K{xj|kfb [biskxti~ikt"
^`it
t~{ny ciken }j{en `fsk ~j ibde{nk fee ~`k ft|kd~t jc Efbm{fmk
Fn{e~
Kn{df~ijb1 fbn ~`ktk fxk? f cjxkimb efbm{fmk abj}eknmk%
gft~kxibm
jc ~kfd`ibm ~kd`biv{kt fbn efbm{fmk kn{df~ijb gk~`jnjejmy1
|knfmjmidfe% tjdife fbn gk~`jnjejmidfe }jxa }i~` fn{e~
t~{nkb~t"
\tyd`jejmidfe ft|kd~
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~j~`k efda jc kp|kxikbdk }i~` gk~`jnidfe f||xjfd`kt ib ~`k
fn{e~
kn{df~ijb" F }`jek djg|ekp jc gj~iskt ibce{kbdkt fb fn{e~
t~{nkb~
}`id` nkskej|t fbn d`fbmkt ib ~`k dj{xtk jc }`jek t~{ny fbn
dfbbj~
hk kpfd~ey `ikxfxd`ikt" ^`k fbt}kx ~j ~`k v{kt~ijb% ]`y nj
yj{
}fb~ ~j t~{ny f cjeej}ibm efbm{fmk:% it ibksi~fhek fbn aky jbk
}`iek
d`jjtibm ~`k ibt~x{d~ijb cjxg fbn gfaibm {| f ekttjb |efb"
Gj~iskt
~`f~ ekfn fb fn{e~ ~j cjxkimb efbm{fmk t~{ny dfb hk nisinkn ib~j
~}j
mxj{|t1 }ieeibm fbn {b}ieeibm" F ekd~{xkx-t aky ~fta it ~j
dxkf~k t{d`
fb kbsixjbgkb~ ~j gfak f t~{nkb~ xkfeitk ~`k djxxkd~ xkftjbt cjx
~`k
t~{ny" Bkp~ bj~ ektt ig|jx~fb~ ekd~{xkx-t ~fta it ~j gj~isf~k f
t~{nkb~
jskx ~`k }`jek dj{xtk jc ~`k t~{ny% ~`{t djb~ib{feey% tfy hy
gkfbtjc d`fbmk cxjg |xigfxy gj~isf~ijb ~j djb~ib{fe gj~isf~ijb"
Cibfbdife xkt~xid~ijb
Kt|kdifeey ib |jt~'djgg{bit~id dj{b~xikt efbm{fmk dj{xtkt
cjx
fn{e~t fxk jxmfbizkn jbey ib ~`k |xisf~k tkd~jx" `it }fy jc
t~{ny it f~
gfby ibt~fbdkt cibfbdifeey nkgfbnibm cjx f t~{nkb~" ]k tkk
~`k
tje{~ijb jc ~`it |xjhekg ib ~`k dxkf~ijb jc f djg|ekp tyt~kg
hy
gkfbt jc }`id` f t~f~k }j{en djb~xih{~k ~j cibfbdibm
efbm{fmk
dj{xtkt cjx fn{e~t"
^igk |xktt{xk
Gjt~ jc fn{e~t fxk {bnkx ~igk |xktt{xk ib xkmfxnt ~j ~`kix
}jxa% cfgiey jx j~`kx cxkk ~igk fd~isi~ikt"
Bf~ijbfe ft|kd~
Cjx gjt~ jc K{xj|kfb t~f~kt ~`k fn{e~ kn{df~ijb it bj~ |xijxi~y
h{~t~fbnt jb ~`k tkdjbn |efdk hk`ibn ~`k d`ienxkb kn{df~ijb"
^`k
Nk|fx~gkb~t jc Kn{df~ijb nj bj~ |xktt kbj{m` ~j kg|`ftitk
~`k
`{mk ig|jx~fbdk jc Efbm{fmk Fn{e~ Kn{df~ijb fbn ~`{t
djb~xih{~k
~j i~t |xjgj~ijb"
\`ytidfe ft|kd~ jc f ejdf~ijb fbn mxj{|t
Nj}btinkt fxk hfney kv{i||kn defttxjjg efda jc eim`~%
{bdjgcjx~fhek d`fixt k~d") fbn him t~{ny mxj{|t }`kxk f
~kfd`kx
njkt bj~ misk t{ccidikb~ f~~kb~ijb ~j ibnisin{fe t~{nkb~t"
^`ktk
ft|kd~t fxk t~xjbmey nkgj~isf~ijbfe cjx t~{nkb~t"
Tje{~ijbt dfb hk kfty1 k"m" cxjg f d`fbmk jc defttxjjg-t
}fee
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yj{
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ekfsibm jc
t~{nkb~t cxjg f dj{xtk"^`k gfib |xjhekg }i~` f }`jek xfbmk jc
kn{df~ijbfe dj{xtkt cjx
fn{e~t it ~`k bkkn cjx ib~kmxf~ijb jc gfby j~`kx xkv{ixkgkb~t%
~`k
efda jc ~igk jx xktj{xdkt% }i~` f miskb dj{xtk" Kskb ~`jtk
t~{nkb~t
Njb~ Misk [|&Gj~isf~ibm fn{e~
t~{nkb~t ~j
djg|ek~k efbm{fmk
dj{xtkt qGjxk ibcjxgf~ijb jb ~`k NM[ hjja dfb hk cj{bn
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KH\JYF\IJ 8
