BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

D N U T XY DNG CNG TRNH CHNH TR, N NH CA T HIN, TNH THA THIN HU

Hu, 09/2008S NNG NGHIP & PHT TRIN NNG THN TNH THA THIN HU

C QUAN CH D N

S Nng nghip & Pht trin nng thn Tnh Tha Thin Hu

a ch: s 07 ng a, tp. Hu, tnh Tha Thin Huin thoi: 054.826693/ 830196Fax: 054.828804E-mail: sonnptnt@thuathienhue.gov.vn

C QUAN LP BO CO TM

Vin Ti nguyn, Mi trng vCng ngh sinh hc i Hc Hu

a ch: s 07 H Ni, thnh ph Huin thoi/ fax: 054. 820438E-mail: ireb@hueuni.edu.vnWebsite: http://ireb.hueuni.edu.vn

NI DUNGM UCHNG I: M T TM TT D NCHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HICHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D NCHNG IV: BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNGCHNG V: CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNGCHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNGCHNG VII: D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH, THIT B X L MI TRNGCHNG VIII: THAM VN KIN CNG NGCHNG IX: NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG PHP NH GIKT LUN V KIN NGH

- Cng vn s 599/UBND-NN ngy 03/03/2006 ca y ban nhn dn tnh Tha Thin Hu v vic giao n v t vn lp d n Chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin;- Cng vn s 3974/UBND-GT ngy 13/09/2007 v kin ca y Ban nhn dn tnh Tha Thin Hu ti cuc hp ngy 18/08/2007 i vi d n Chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin;

1.3. Mc tiu ca d n

- An ton thot l tn sut 5%;- Bo m iu kin giao thng thy cho cc tu nh c cng sut 200CV ra vo cng c T Hin v cc tu trnh bo, tu du lch vo vng m ph;- Khi phc v bo v h sinh thi c th ca vng m ph Cu Hai, to c s gp phn pht trin bn vng trong khu vc.

1.4. c im v quy m d n

- Cng trnh nm trong phm vi b bin ca x Vinh Hin; - Chiu di tng cng khong 1,5km. - Cng trnh bo m n nh lu di vi tui th 50 nm, ph hp vi kh nng u t ti chnh v khoa hc- cng ngh ca a phng.Tng s vn u t l: 111.366.763.747 VNHnh thc u t: 100% vn ngn sch nh nc.

Hnh 1.1: V tr khu vc d n1.5. V tr a l ca d n

1.6.1.1. Cc cng trnh chnh- Cng trnh chnh tr: H1, H2 v V1, V2 bo v gc H2;+ H1 l ngn ct- gim sng- hng dng b Bc + H2 l ngn ct- gim sng- hng dng b Nam+ V1 v V2 l ngn ct- gim sng- n nh b, bo v gc H2 v chng xm thc bi; - Tuyn lung c no vt, to thun li cho vic giao thng ng thy ra vo cng c T Hin, lu thng dng chy trong m ph ra ngoi bin.1.6.1.2. Cc cng trnh ph tr1.6. Ni dung ch yu ca d n

Hnh 1.2: B tr tng th h thng cng trnh theo phng n I

1.6. Ni dung ch yu ca d n Gii php kt cu la chn:- Kt cu thn dng mi nghing, - Li bng hc khng phn loi t do, pha ngoi c lp ph mi bng khi btng d hnh ph sng (khi Hohlquader) nm trn lp lt bng khi b tng, Hai pha chn b tr chn khay chng xi, nh btng ti ch, Khi ph mi cho phn gc ni vi b v thn pha trong lung l khi lc lng 7 l.

1.6.2.3. Trnh t thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh:Hnh 1.4: Trnh t thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh trong d n Bng 1.5: Tin trin khai cc hng mc cng trnh1.6. Ni dung ch yu ca d n

STTHng mcGiai on thc hin d kin1No vt06/2009- 20102 H106/2009- 20103 H24 V12010- 20115 V22010- 2011

1.6. Ni dung ch yu ca d n1.6.2. Cng ngh thi cng, cng ngh sn xut, cng ngh vn hnh ca d n1.6.2.1. Cc loi my mc, thit b cn c ca d n - Tu ht bng t hnh cng sut 2.500CV - X lan ni - My gu ngom 1m3 - My i 320CV, my i 250CV - Trm trn btng cng sut 50m3/h - Cn cu c sc nng 510 tn, 10 20 tn - t chuyn trn va btng, th tch 6m3 - t vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, th tch 6m3 - My bm - Dy chuyn trm trn, cng sut >30 n 50m3/h.

1.6. Ni dung ch yu ca d n

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.1. iu kin t nhin 2.1.1. c im cu to a cht, a cht cng trnhCu to a chtHnh 2.1: S a cht khu vc d n

2.1.1. c im cu to a cht, a cht cng trnhCu to a chtKhu vc d n c cc phn v a tng sau: - Holoxen trung (amQVI2): trm tch hn hp sng- bin - Holoxen thng (mvQIV3): Trm tch bin gi, phn b khu vc ven b bin pha Bc khu vc d n, trm tch dng bi ct, n ct c mu vng nht. - Cc thnh to xm nhp- Phc h Hi Vn (aT3hv) c pha 2 pha: + Pha 1 (aT3hv1): melanogranit biotit, granit biotit, granit mica chim khi lng 90%. Khong vt c trng, apatit v granat. + Pha 2 (aT3hv3): granit aplit, pegmatit c turmalin v granat, phn b ni Vnh Phong bn pha b Nam ca T Hin.CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

Trm tch mt y h m ph vng ca T Hin: khong cht nng (Tuamalin, Kyanit, Granat, Epidot ngho Fenpat, thch anh mi mn tt trn 50%). Trm tch hin i tng mt ca h m ph Tam Giang- Cu Hai [25]cc loi: - Ct ln, ct trung (MD= 0,25 0,484mm, So= 1,2 1,5); phn b thnh din nh ven b bin v vng ca m ph; - Ct nh (MD= 0,101 0,247mm, So= 1,4 2,1); phn b m Sam v ven b; - Bt ln (MD= 0,069 0,079mm, So= 1,7 2,5); phn b vng ven lng cho m ph su 1m; - Bn bt nh (MD= 0,027 0,029mm, So= 2,3 3,4); trung tm lng cho; - Bn st (MD= 0,007 0,015mm, So= 2,7 9,7); cc vng trng su lng cho m ph; Trm tch sm mu- xm xanh, xm en m Cu Hai trn 60%.CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.2. c im a hnha hnh trn cnKhu vc d n vi c trng l di cn ct v b bin hp chy di theo hng ng Nam- Ty Bc nm gia m ph v bin.

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIHnh 2.5: S a hnh trn cn khu vc d n

2.1.2. c im a hnhb. a hnh m Cu HaiHnh 2.6: S su m Cu Hai [15]S ~ 112km2 D~ 17kmR ~ 6kmSu TB t 0,5 2,5m, CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.2. c im a hnhc. a hnh khu vc bin ven b (ca T Hin) a hnh bin ven b khu vc ca T Hin kh thoi ( dc 0,6 1,0%) v c nhng bin ng ngay ti khu vc ca nhng cha c quy lut r rng; ca cn hn so vi hai pha. y l kt qu ca s tc ng qua li gia dng chy bn trong ca T Hin v dng chy ven b bin.CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIHnh 2.7: a hnh vng bin ven b khu vc ca T Hin [15]

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.1.3. iu kin kh hu, kh tng2.1.3.1. Nhit khng kh - Nhit khng kh trung bnh t 19,9 30,1oC. - Nhit trung bnh c nm ca khu vc l 25,4 oC. [5]

2.1.3.2. m khng kh - m khng kh t 71 92%. m khng kh TB l 84,8%. 2.1.3.3. Bc hi - Tng lng bc hi trung bnh nm t 900 1.000mm. [9] - T s gia lng bc hi v lng ma c nm t gi tr 35% cn cn nc trong nm ca khu vc trin khai d n lun t gi tr dng.

2.1.3.4. Ch gi

Vo ma ng T thng X- III nm sau:+ Hng gi ng Bc (NE) vi tn sut 10 15%, + Hng gi Ty Bc (NW) vi tn sut 25 29% v hng ng (E) T thng XII n thng III nm sau l Ty Bc (NW). [9]

V ma H (thng V n thng IX), hng gi thnh hnh vng ng bng Tha Thin Hu kh phn tn, trong c 3 hng chnh l:+ Hng Nam (S) (12 16%), + Hng Ty Nam (SW) (11 14%)+ Hng ng Bc (NE) (1016%). CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.3.5. Ch ma Do tc ng ca cc yu t mang tnh c th a phng, khu vc Nam ng, Ph Lc ni ring v Tha Thin Hu ni chung c lng ma kh ln. Ti trm kh tng Hu, lng ma khong 2.449 3.347mm/nm, s lng ngy ma trong nm dao ng 143 163 ngy. Ti trm kh tng Nam ng lng ma khong 2.780 3.819mm/nm, s lng ngy ma trong nm dao ng 176 192 ngy. [5] Ma ma ko di lin tc t thng IX n thng I nm sau v tp trung ch yu vo hai thng IX, X vi lng ma trung bnh t 500 1.000mm v ngy c lng ma cc i c th t 300 400mm. Ma ma t bt u t thng I n thng VIII, thng c lng ma nh nht l 13,1mm (thng VI/2006), y cng l nm c lng ma gn nh thp nht so vi nhng nm trc (2002 2005). [5] CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.3.6. Cc hin tng thi tit c bita. Bo Tha Thin Hu chu nh hng ca bo nhiu nht vo thng IX (35%), thng X (28%) v thng VIII (18%). S lng bo v p thp nhit i nh hng n Tha Thin Hu khng nhiu nhng tc hi ca chng rt nghim trng, nht l v phng din gi v ma. Tc gi mnh nht trung bnh do bo gy ra Tha Thin Hu khong 15 20m/s.Hnh 2.8: Cc cn bo b vo Tha Thin Hu t 1964-2000 [22]CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.4. c im ch thy vn H thng sng ngi v l lt Cc con sng u ngn, dc, trc sng khc khuu v quanh co. y chnh l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy ra ngp lt khi c ma, l ln dn v t thng ngun, nc khng thot kp v dng cao nhanh, gy ngp ng nhiu vng thp trng.

b. c im thy ng lc m ph Mc nc m ph: chu nh hng ca ch bn nht triu khng u ca T Hin. Dao ng mc nc trong m ph chu s nh hng rt r ca thy triu v ma kh, nhng li b khng ch bi nc l v ma ma. + V ma kh, lng nc chy vo thng ln. + V ma ma, lng nc chy ra gn nh chin u th hon ton, do thi gian v tc chy ra ln. V ma ma l, mc nc m ph cao hn mc nc bin ti 70cm m Cu Hai. CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

2.1.5. Ch hi vn bin ven b khu vc d n [25]Mc nc thy triu - Khu vc ca T Hin nm trong vng bn nht triu khng u:+ Bin triu thp trung bnh: 0,5 0,6m;+ Mc nc triu cao: 0,68m;+ Mc nc triu trung bnh: 0,175m;+ Mc nc triu thp: -0,28m.CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI

b. Ch sng Sng l ng lc thng tr ca khu vc. Ch sng chu nh hng trc tip ca ch gi. ca T Hin: v ma ng, cc hng thnh hnh l B (30%), B (16%) v BB (5%). V ma h, (24%), N (15%) v N (5%). Trong mt nm, trung bnh tng s ln xut hin cc sng trong gi ng Bc chim 56% v trong gi ng Nam l 44%. Chiu cao sng trong gi ng Bc ln hn 1,5 2 ln chiu cao sng trong gi ng Nam.CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.1.5. Ch hi vn bin ven b khu vc d n [25]

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIc. Dng chy [25]Dng chy tng hp ven b bin Tha Thin Hu l dng chy c to thnh do: dng triu, dng chy do sng v dng chy t m ph ra. Dng chy sng c hng kh n nh dc b theo ma sng tc ng. + Ma h, dng sng hng dc b t pha Nam ln (hng ng Nam- Ty Bc), + Ma ng th ngc li theo hng Ty Bc- ng Nam. Tc dng ven b l kh ln, bin thin t 30 136cm/s, t gi tr ln nht trong gi ng Bc.2.1.5. Ch hi vn bin ven b khu vc d n [25]

2.2. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trngCHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIHnh 2.19: V tr cc im ly mu

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.2.1. Mi trng khng kh, ting nBng 2.7: V tr cc im ly mu, o c mi trng khng kh

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIBng 2.9: iu kin vi kh hu khu vc d n2.2.1. Mi trng khng kh, ting n

K hiu muK1K2 K3K4K5Ngy ly mu28/05/200828/05/200828/05/200828/05/200828/05/2008Thi gian ly mu14h45'15h20'10h40'14h15'15h45'c im thi titNng, gi nh, c myNng, gi nh, c myNng, gi nh, c myNng, gi nh, c myNng, gi nh, c myNhit (oC)3635333732 m (%)7068655564Tc gi (m/s)2,283,070,251,150,23Hng ging ng Namng ng Namngngng

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIBng 2.10: Kt qu o v phn tch cht lng khng kh xung quanhGhi ch:TCVN 5937: 2005: Cht lng khng kh- Tiu chun cht lng khng kh xung quanhTCVN 5938: 2005: Cht lng khng kh- Nng ti a cho php ca mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanhTCVN 5949: 1998: m hc- Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c- Mc n ti a cho phpKPH: Khng pht hin c (Nh hn gii hn pht hin ca thit b)-: Khng quy nh trong tiu chun.2.2.1. Mi trng khng kh, ting n

K hiu mu n (dBA)Bi (PM10) (mg/m3)NO2 (mg/m3)SO2 (mg/m3)CO (mg/m3)NH3 (mg/m3)MinTBMaxK128,143,257,60,001KPHKPHKPHKPHK22845,361,50,001KPHKPHKPHKPHK327,533,857,70,002KPHKPH1KPHK428,337,157,70,001KPHKPHKPHKPHK527,736,551,80,003KPHKPHKPHKPHTCVN 5937:20050,30,20,3530-TCVN 5938:2005----0,2TCVN 5949:199860-----

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.2.2. Mi trng nc Bng 2.11: V tr cc im ly mu nc m, nc ngm, nc bin ven b V tr cc im ly mu

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.2.2. Mi trng nc2.2.2.1. Nc mt Bng 2.13: Kt qu o v phn tch cht lng nc mt

Ghi ch: TCVN 5942-1995: Cht lng nc- Tiu chun cht lng nc mt Ct B: p dng i vi nc mt dng cho cc mc ch khc (Nc dng cho nng nhip v nui trng th sn c quy nh ring) TCVN 5943-1995: Cht lng nc- Tiu chun cht lng nc bin ven bKPH: Khng pht hin c-: Khng quy nh trong tiu chun. Ghi ch: TCVN 5942-1995: Cht lng nc- Tiu chun cht lng nc mt Ct B: p dng i vi nc mt dng cho cc mc ch khc (Nc dng cho nng nhip v nui trng th sn c quy nh ring) TCVN 5943-1995: Cht lng nc- Tiu chun cht lng nc bin ven bKPH: Khng pht hin c-: Khng quy nh trong tiu chun.Nhn xt:- Nhn chung, cht lng nc m kh tt. - Ch c hm lng vi sinh mu M3 vt tiu chun 2 ln v lng du m vt tiu chun t 5 21 ln.

Bng 2.13: Kt qu o v phn tch cht lng nc mt

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.2.2. Mi trng ncGhi ch: TCVN 5944-1995: Cht lng nc- Tiu chun cht lng nc ngm KPH: Khng pht hin c -: Khng quy nh trong tiu chunTCN: Tiu chun v sinh nc sch (nc dng cho sinh hot, khng s dng lm nc n ung trc tip) ca B Y t (Quyt nh 09/2005/Q-BYT)2.2.2.2. Nc ngmNhn xt:Cht lng nc ngm y khng p ng yu cu s dng lm nc sinh hot. c th s dng nc ngm khu vc ny cn phi lc loi b bt kim loi, cc cht rn l lng, cht hu c v un si loi b thnh phn vi sinh, m bo khi dng lm ngun nc ung v nu n.

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIBng 2.14: Kt qu o v phn tch cht lng nc ngm

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI2.2.2.3. Nc bin ven b 2.2.2. Mi trng ncGhi ch: TCVN 5943-1995: Cht lng nc-Tiu chun cht lng nc bin ven bKPH: Khng pht hin c-: Khng quy nh trong tiu chun.Nhn xt:- Hu ht cc thng s cht lng nc bin ven b khu vc ny tha mn tiu chun TCVN 5943-1995. Ngoi tr thnh phn SS, TDS v vi sinh l kh cao (vt tiu chun t 1 n 15 ln).

Bng 2.15: Kt qu quan trc v phn tch cht lng nc bin ven b

2.2.3. Mi trng t CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIBng 2.16: V tr cc im ly mu t

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HIBng 2.19: Kt qu phn tch cc ch tiu tBng 2.20: nh gi mt s ch tiu trong t (1)(1): Mt s phng php phn tch mi trng, L c, Nxb HQG H Ni, 2004.

Mc Mn (%)Nit tng s(%) Photpho tng s (%)Kali tng s (%)Rt ngho< 1---Ngho1 2< 0.08< 0.06< 0.8Trung bnh2 40.08 0.140.06 0.10.8 2Kh giu-0.15 0.2--Giu4 8> 0.2> 0.1> 2

2.2.3. Mi trng t CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HINhn xt: - pH = 5,5 5,8 thuc nhm t ct ven bin. Tng mn rt mng, cp ht mn va n th, mu trng xm nht. Hm lng mn rt thp (0,04 0,41%), thuc vo nhm rt ngho mn. Hm lng cht dinh dng cng khng cao ( N= 0,001 0,005%, P= 0.01 0,05%, K= 0,35 0,66%), thuc vo nhm rt ngho.

V vy, thm thc vt xung quanh khu vc d n c trng bi cc loi cy c kh nng chu c iu kin ngho nn cht dinh dng. Trong c phi lao, cy bi thp, rau mung bin, c di...

CHNG II: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HICht thi rn: mt lng kh ln cht thi rn sinh hot cha c thu gom, chn lp v x l hiu qu nn cht thi vn c vt ba bi dc theo bi bin; nh hng n cnh quan v gy nhim mi trng. 2.2.4. Cht thi rn

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng 3.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi Cht thi rna. Trong giai on la chn v tr, chun b u t- Rc thi sinh hot: c khong 10 15 ngi tham gia, (T= 0,65kg/ngi/ngy). Nh vy khi lng cht thi rn thi ra y khong 6,5 10kg/ngy;Thnh phn: hu c (thc n d tha), v c (bao b nilng cc loi, chai l thy tinh...).- Cm mc, khoan thm d a cht: gm cc loi t, , ph liu t cc hot ng trn.Khi lng: khng ng k, ch yu l lng t, t vic o bi cm mc ranh gii d n, khoan a cht;Thnh phn: t, , cc ph liu.

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng 1. Cht thi rnb. Trong giai on thi cng, xy dng d n Khi lng cht thi rn ty thuc rt ln vo khi lng cng vic ca tng giai on xy dng d n (quy m ln, thc hin trn din tch t 250 375ha bao gm c vng mt nc v t lin nn cc ngun gy tc ng cng rt a dng v phc tp). Qu trnh san lp mt bng, no vt v bm ht ct. Tng khi lng t ct no vt lung tu: 214.015m3. t, ct, xi mng, va b tng pht sinh t vic xy dng cc hng mc ca d n. - Cht thi sinh hot ca cng nhn v cc nhn vin lm vic trong khu vc ca d n (Vi khong 200 cng nhn, T= 0,65kg/ngi/ngy; nh vy cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh l 130 kg/ngy.m)

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 2. Nc thia. Trong giai on la chn v tr, chun b u ta1. T sinh hot ca cc chuyn gia, cn b kinh t - k thut ca d n tin hnh iu tra, kho st, o c a2. T qu trnh khoan thm d a cht

b. Trong giai on thi cng xy dngb1. Nc dp bib2. Nc thi do qu trnh thi cng (lm mm t trong qu trnh gia c mng, trn va, vt liu xy dng...)b3. Nc ma chy trnb4. Nc sinh hot ca cng nhn trn cng trng3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N b4. Nc sinh hot ca cng nhn trn cng trng- c tnh tng lng nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn: Tng lng nc thi ra bng 85% tng lng nc cp tnh ton. Qthi= 85%* QcM tiu chun cp nc 120 l/ngi.ngy m. Tng s cng nhn l 200 ngi. Tng lng nc thi ra: Qthi = 20,4 m3 /ngy.m. 3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng 2. Nc thi

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N Bng 3.2: Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot Ngun: [16]3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng 2. Nc thi

TTCht nhimKhi lng (g/ngi.ngy)Ti lng cht nhim (kg/ngy)1BOD545 549 10,82COD72 10214,4 20,43SS70 14514 294Du m (thc phm)10 302 65Tng Nit (N)6 121,2 2,46Amoni2,4 4,80,48 0,967Tng photpho0,8 40,16 0,8

Bng 3.3: Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hotNgun: [16] 3.1 Ngun gy tc ng n mi trng 2. Nc thiCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N

TTCht nhimNng (mg/l)Hiu sut (%)TCVN 6772-2000TCVN 5945-2005Khng quax lSau XL bngb t hoiMc IIICt B1BOD5441,2 529,4132,4 158,83040502COD705,9 1.000211,8 30030-803SS686,3 1.421,6411,8 852,960601004Du m (thc phm)98 294,129,4 88,23020205Tng Nit (N)58,8 117,64,4 8,87,5-306Amoni23,5 47,11,8 3,57,5-107Tng photpho7,8 39,20,8 3,910-6

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thia. Trong giai on la chn v tr, chun b u tb. Trong giai on thi cng

C 2 ngun gy nhim khng kh: Ngun nhim di ng, l cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu (t, , xi mng...); Cc ngun gy nhim tng i c nh nh cc thit b thi cng (my m nn, t vn chuyn trong phm vi cng trng, gu ngom, cu nng, my pht in...). Cht nhim ln nht trong giai on thi cng l bi, sau l kh thi t xe c v cc thit b thi cng. Cc kh thi ra gm: NOx, CO, SO2, HmCn.

* nhim khng kh do biCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi Khi lng t ct vn chuyn, bc xc trong qu trnh no vt lung tu l 214.015,2m3 (~ 421,61 tn t ct). Vi h s nhim bi l 0,075kg/tn t ct, tng lng bi pht sinh trong thi gian vn chuyn ct no vt i c tnh khong 31,6kg. Mc d khi lng t ct vn chuyn tng i ln nhng ct c bm ht ln di dng m, nn mc nhim bi s c hn ch v nh hng cc b xung quanh khu vc xy dng trong thi gian san lp mt bng. - Ngoi ra cn c mt lng ln lt xe vn chuyn vt liu xy dng cc cng trnh h tng: xi mng, , st, thp...cng to ra mt lng bi ng k.

* nhim khng kh do kh thiCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thiTnh trung bnh san i 1m3 t ct, cc my mc (my i, gu ngom...) tiu tn khong 0,38kg du diezen. Bng 3.4: H s nhim khng kh do cc phng tin thi cng s dng du DiezenGhi ch: Gi thit my chy bng du DO c hm lng lu hunh 0,5%.

Ngun: [WHO, 16]

Cht nhimH s nhim (kg/tn du)Bi TSP4,3SO25*SNO255CO28VOC2,6

Bng 3.5: Ti lng bi v cc cht nhim do cc phng tin thi cng ti cng trng s dng du Diezen* nhim khng kh do kh thiCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi* nhim khng kh do sinh hot ca cng nhn

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi* Mc nhim do kh thi giao thng- Nhin liu tiu th trung bnh tnh chung cho cc loi xe t chy xng l 0,15lt/km.- Ti phm vi thi cng cng trng, c tnh s b trong giai on thi cng cng trnh khong 3 nm c 3.951 lt xe vn chuyn va b tng bng t 6m3. Tng lng nhin liu tiu tn l 384,35 lt/ngy. Bng 3.6: H s nhim khng kh do hot ng giao thng ng b Ngun: [16]

Cht nhimH s nhim (kg/lt)Bi0,005SO20,00625NO20,01CO0,075VOC0,01

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thiBng 3.7: Ti lng nhim khng kh do hot ng vn chuyn va b tng* Mc nhim do kh thi giao thng

Ni dung cng vicKhi lng (100m3)Khong cch (km)S lt xe (lt)Lng NL SD (L/ngy)Nng cc cht nhimTSP (kg/ngy)SO2 (kg/ngy)NO2 (kg/ngy)CO (kg/ngy)VOC (kg/ngy)Tng cng237,113,03.951384,351,922,403,8428,833,84

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi- Trn tuyn ng vn chuyn nguyn, nhin vt liu: hc, dm, ct mua ti Ph Lc vn chuyn v cng trng thi cng theo ng Lc Bnh qua cu T Hin. c tnh khong cch vn chuyn khong 20km. S dng t vn chuyn 6m3. Bng 3.8: Ti lng nhim khng kh do hot ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu* Mc nhim do kh thi giao thng

Ni dung cng vicKhi lng (m3)Khong cch (km)S lt xe (lt)Lng NL SD (L/ngy)Nng cc cht nhimTSP (kg/ngy)SO2 (kg/ngy)NOx(kg/ngy)CO (kg/ngy)THC (kg/ngy)Tng cng51.068808.51125.534,0127,7159,6255,31.915,1255,3

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi* Mc nhim do kh thi giao thng- Ti lng nhim do kh thi ca cc phng tin giao thng ng thu trong giai on thi cng: (trung bnh ht 1m3 t ct, tu ht bng t hnh tiu tn khong 0,38kg du diezen). Bng 3.9: Nng cc cht nhim khng kh do hot ng giao thng ng thuGhi ch: Gi thit tu chy bng du DO c hm lng lu hunh 0,5%.

Ngun: [16]

Cht nhimH s nhim(kg/gh ngi)Bi TSP6,8SO2136*SNO290,7CO0,036VOC4,1

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3. Kh thi* Mc nhim do kh thi giao thngBng 3.10: Ti lng nhim khng kh do hot ng giao thng ng thuc. Trong giai on vn hnhCc hng mc cng trnh ch yu l k bng btng v khng c cc ngun thi gy ra nhim mi trng. Tuy nhin, s hnh thnh cng trnh ny s c tc ng nht nh n khu vc ln cn (bi lng, xi l).

NI DUNG CNG VICPHNG TIN, THIT BKHI LNG(100m3)Nhin liu (tn)Nng cc cht nhimTSP (kg/tn du)SO2 (kg/tn du)NO2 (kg/tn du)CO (kg/tn du)VOC(kg/tn du)No vt c bnTu ht bng t hnh, cng sut

4. Cc cht thi khc (ting n, rung ng)* Ting nCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N Bng 3.12: Ting n ca cc loi my xy dngMc n v tr 1 - Mc n v tr 2 = 20log(r2 /r1)Trong : r1: Ti v tr pht ra ting n (thng c o cc thit b 11,5m) r2: Khong cch n v tr tnh ton (m) Bng 3.13: D bo mc n khu vc xung quanh v tr thi cng

Phng tinMc n ph bin (dBA)Mc n ln nht (dBA) t c trng ti < 3.500kg85103 t c trng ti > 3.500kg90105My i93115My nn diezen c vng quay rng75 8095My ng ba 70 7587My trn b tng bng diezen70 7585

Khong cch t ngun gy nn v (m)153060120240480Mc n (dBA)70 9664 9058 8452 7846 7240 66

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3.1.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi3.1.2.1. Trong giai on la chn v tr, chun b u t (1) Vn kinh t- x hi (2) Tc ng n nc ngm 3.1.2.2. Trong giai on xy dng v i vo hot ng (1) Bin i a dng sinh hc (2) Thay i dng chy (3) Xi mn, trt l (4) Bi lng thy vc (5) Tc ng n nc ngm

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N 3.4. D bo mc nhim v nhng ri ro v s c mi trng do d n gy ra 3.4.1. D bo cc s c trong giai on xy dng- Cc tai nn lao ng c th xy ra trong cc qu trnh nh: vn chuyn, bc d nguyn vt liu, trt v sp do kt cu v vt liu xy dng khng m bo an ton, chy n...Vic thi cng b nh tr do nh hng ca thi tit (ma bo, l lt) hoc do thiu vn v nhn cng.S c st l ng b c th xy ra khi c thay i dng chy dc b, nc dng, sng p, bo... 3.4.2. D bo cc s c trong giai on vn hnhCng trnh km pht huy nhng tc dng mong iCng trnh b ph hu do thin tai (ma bo, lc xoy, l lt, sng p...)c. Hot ng ca cng trnh c th gy ra nhng tc dng ph khcd. S va chm ca tu thuyn vo b do mt s nguyn nhn khc c th lm xy ra tai nn v st l nghim trng.e. D bo thay i dng chy ven bf. D bo thay i dng vn chuyn bn ctg. D bo thay i ng bh. D bo v s thay i cht lng nc m ph v tc ng ti h sinh thi

3.4.2. D bo cc s c trong giai on vn hnhCHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N e. D bo thay i dng chy ven b- Vo ma ng c gi ng- ng Bc, trng dng chy dc b c hng t pha Bc xung pha Nam, b ngn cn bi H1 to thnh trng dng chy xoy trc mi H1. pha Nam H2, dng chy dc b gim. Trong ma gi ny cng l thi im ca ma ma l, s tng tc gia dng chy ven b v dng chy l s hnh thnh mt vng c vn tc dng chy xung thp s tc ng ti vic bi lng bn ct trc mi H1 v H2. Tng t vo ma h c gi ng- ng Nam, vn tc dng chy c gi tr nh hn.- c bit, sng trong bo v p thp nhit i s gy hin tng nhiu x sng bn hng cc H1 v H2, to thnh trng dng chy c vn tc t 1 2m/s. Mc d y l hin tng thi tit c bit ch xy ra trong mt thi gian ngn nhng hu qu bi lng- xi l rt ln.

Hnh 1.2: B tr tng th h thng cng trnh theo phng n I CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N f. D bo thay i dng vn chuyn bn ct3.4.2. D bo cc s c trong giai on vn hnh- Vo ma gi ng- ng bc: Dng bn ct dc b i t pha Bc xung pha Nam b chn bi H1, nn phn ln bn ct lng ng ti y, ch mt phn nh c th vt qua mi H1 v H2. Trong khi , phn pha Nam ca H2 thiu ht bn ct. Vo ma h, c gi ng- ng Nam, dng bn ct hng ln pha Bc khng ln.Sau mt thi gian s dng lu di, s tch t bn ct trc khu vc mi H1v H2 c kh nng gy bi cn lung lch. c bit kt cu mi cong H2 bao trm H1 rt thun li cho vic tch t bn ct t pha Bc xung trc mi H1v H2. - Hng vn chuyn bn ct chu nh hng ca dng chy t pha trong m Cu Hai v dng triu. Tuy nhin nh hng ca dng chy cc con sng ny vo m Cu Hai l khng ng k so vi dng triu. Theo Nguyn Chu Hi, Trn c Thnh (1996), tc lng ng trm tch ti m Cu Hai c xc nh t 1 1,4mm/nm; y l tc lng ng nh nht trong h thng m ph [11]. - Bn ct c ngun gc t bin do sng v dng chy a vo lc triu ln, khi cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin xut hin, tc ng bi lng phn gia m Cu Hai gim i. - Bn ct c ngun gc t sng vo ma l, khi c cng trnh chnh tr s to thun li cho vic tiu thot l, hot ng giao thng ng thy... ng thi hin tng bi lp trong m gim i. Cho nn, sau khi cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin hon thnh, hin tng bi lp trong m s gim thp hn so vi iu kin t nhin.

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N Hnh 2.13: Din bin hnh thnh ca T Hin (FitzGerald, 1988) [15]

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N Hnh 2.15: Ca T Hin thng 5 nm 2004 [15]Hnh 2.16: Ca T Hin thng 5 nm 2008Ngun: Vin TNMT & CNSH

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N Hnh 2.17: Bi lng ct pha sau chn cu T Hin thng 5 nm 2008Ngun: Vin TNMT & CNSH

CHNG III: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA D N g. D bo thay i ng b3.4.2. D bo cc s c trong giai on vn hnh- on b pha Bc ln cn H1 c bi t bn ct dc b. Theo thi gian, s pht trin ng b s hnh thnh mt cung b n nh c gii hn bi ni Linh Thi, mi H1 v mi Vnh Phong. Khi on b khu vc gia Vinh Hin s c thi gian b xi l nh hn.- on b pha Nam ca T Hin, do thiu ht bn ct s b xi l rt mnh. Mc d thn H2 c b tr V2 hnh ch T nhng kh nng xi l khu vc ny rt ln. Trong khi chiu rng di ct ngn cch bin v m ph cha y 50 100m, kh nng m li ca bin khu vc ny c th din ra (tm thi, trong thi gian ngn) nh tng xy ra trong qu kh. - Trong thi gian c bo v p thp nhit i, kh nng xi l b bin cc on b ln cn cng trnh rt ln do hin tng nhiu x v dng chy vung gc vi b.

CHNG IV: BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG4.1. i vi cc tc ng xu 4.1.1. Cc bin php khng ch nhim trong giai on xy dng 4.1.1.1. Bin php hn ch s thay i dng chy trong m v cht lng nc m4.1.1.2. Bin php khng ch v gim thiu n a dng sinh hc 4.1.1.3. Bin php khng ch v gim thiu tc ng do xy dng cng trnh v san lp mt bng 4.1.1.4. Khng ch v gim thiu tc ng do sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng4.1.2. Cc bin php khng ch v gim thiu tc ng xu n mi trng trong giai on d n i vo hot ng 4.1.2.1. Cc bin php qun l mi trng 4.1.2.2. Cc bin php k thut 4.2. i vi s c mi trng 4.2.1. Phng chng s c thi tit do bo, l lt, nc dng 4.2.2. Phng chng s c st ln nn a cht, st l 4.2.3. Phng chng s c trn du4.2.4. Phng chng chy n

5.1. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu

Cam kt thc hin nghim tc tt c nhng ni dung ca k hoch gim thiu tc ng mi trng v nhng gii php gim thiu c th c trnh by Chng IV ca bo co. CHNG V: CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG

5.2. Cam kt thc hin cc quy nh trong Bo v mi trng

- Tun th cc iu khon, quy nh trong Lut BVMT;- Thc hin cc iu khon, quy nh lin quan n xy dng m bo cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin;- Hp tc vi UBND huyn Ph Lc, UBND x Vinh Hin, S TN&MT - Cam kt cc h thng x l t tiu chun;- Thc hin quan trc mi trng xung quanh theo nh k.CHNG V: CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG

CHNG V: CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG 5.3. Trch nhim ca ch u t

- Thc hin ng, y cc ni dung BVMT v cc yu cu kin ngh trong bo co TM c ph duyt;- Phng nga, hn ch v khc phc nhim mi trng; Thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim;- Thc hin quan trc v gim thiu nhim mi trng theo yu cu ca c quan ban ngnh;- Ln k hoch v thc hin k hoch thanh tra v quan trc mi trng;- Np thu mi trng, ph bo v mi trng theo Ngh nh 81/2006/N-CP.

6.1. Danh mc cc cng trnh x l mi trng

- H thng mng rnh v h ga thu, thot nc ma, nc t qu trnh thi cng trn cng trng; c h thng x l nc thi s b (bin php lng, x l bng c hc) nhm gim c, cht l lng trc khi thi vo cc thy vc;- H thng cc cng trnh v sinh phc v cho cn b qun l v cng nhn thi cng ti cng trng;- H thng cc thng ng rc thi xy dng v rc thi sinh hot;- Cc h thng chng st v phng chy cha chy;- Bin bo, n tn hiu;- Cc phng tin ngn v vt du loang trn bin x l khi c s c.CHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

6.2.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Trong giai on xy dng* Gim st cht lng nc Nc bin ven b: - Cc ch tiu: mu, mn, c, DO, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, NH4+, du m, total coliform. - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm. - Tin hnh quan trc ti 3 im Nc mt m Cu Hai: - Cc ch tiu: mu, mn, c, DO, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-, du m, total coliform. - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm. - Tin hnh quan trc ti 3 im * Gim st cht lng khng kh, ting n - Cc ch tiu: CO, SO2, NO2, bi, n - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm. - Tin hnh quan trc ti 2 im * Gim st vi kh hu - Cc ch tiu: m, nhit khng kh, tc gi - Thi gian quan trc: 2 ln/nm. -Tin hnh quan trc ti 2 im * Gim st cht thi rn: Trong phm vi ca d n. CHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

Hnh 6.1: Cc v tr gim st cht lng mi trng trong giai on xy dngCHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

6.2.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Sau khi cng trnh hon thnh* Gim st cht lng nc Nc bin ven b: - Cc ch tiu: mu, mn, c, DO, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, amoni, du m, total coliform. - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm (trong 2 nm u tin) - Tin hnh quan trc ti 2 im Nc mt m Cu Hai: - Cc ch tiu: mu, mn, c, DO, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-, du m, total coliform. - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm (trong 2 nm u tin) - Tin hnh quan trc ti 2 im * Gim st cht lng khng kh - Cc ch tiu: CO, SO2, NO2, bi - Thi gian quan trc: 2 ln/nm. - Tin hnh quan trc ti 1 im K1: khu vc H1. CHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

Hnh 6.2: Cc v tr gim st cht lng mi trng sau khi cng trnh hon thnhCHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

CHNG VI: CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG 6.2.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Sau khi cng trnh hon thnhGim st din bin thy ng lc ng b: - o c, kho st, nh gi din bin xi l, bi lng ca ng b sau khi cng trnh hon thnh kim tra hiu qu ca cng trnh n nh, chnh tr. - D bo v x l s c c th xy ra. - Thi gian quan trc: 4 ln/nm. Tin hnh vo hai ma. - Tin hnh quan trc trong phm vi ca cng trnh ko di t b pha Bc n b pha Nam. Tn sut quan trc, gim st sau khi cng trnh hon thnh c th gim dn bt u t nm th 3 tr i, c th xem xt gim s ln gim st cng nh mt s thng s khng qu cn thit khc.

CHNG VIII: THAM VN KiN CNG NG8.1. kin ca UBND v UBMTTQVN x Vinh Hin v Lc Bnh Nht tr vi ch trng xy dng cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin; - ng tnh vi nhng nhn nh nh gi tc ng, nh hng n mi trng trong qu trnh xy dng v hot ng ca d n. ngh d n xy dng cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin sm c thc hin - i vi x Vinh Hin, UBND x c ngh: + su no vt lung tu t 4 5m, + Chiu rng y ca ra vo khong 120 150m v c k chn t vng ct trong sng ( pha Bc) ra n mi di ni ( pha Nam). + Tin hnh no vt ko di t cu T Hin ra n ngoi ca T Hin vi chiu di no vt l 3.000m.

CHNG VIII: THAM VN KIN CNG NG 8.3. kin ca ngi dn ti khu vc d n

a s ngi dn ti khu vc d n tn thnh vi d n, Mt s h khng c kin g i vi d n v h khng b nh hng g hoc khng quan tm n d n.

i vi x Vinh hin: - Ngi dn tn thnh vi cc hng mc thuc d n xy dng cng trnh chnh tr, n nh ca T Hin.- Nhn dn c ngh: cn m rng ca ra vo t 100 120m thun li cho vic tu thuyn ra vo ca bin v to s thng thong, lu thng dng chy cho m ph Cu Hai vi bn ngoi.

KT LUN V KIN NGH1. Kt lun Hin trng cht lng mi trng khu vc trin khai d n:+ Cht lng mi trng khng kh khu vc xy dng d n kh trong lnh, hu nh khng chu nh hng nhiu t cc hot ng ca con ngi.+ Cht lng mi trng nc: Cht lng nc ngm khng p ng yu cu s dng lm nc sinh hot. Ch yu l v mu, c v vi sinh.Cht lng nc bin ven b c cc ch tiu ha l kh tt. Ch c hm lng vi sinh mu M3 vt tiu chun 2 ln v lng du m vt tiu chun t 5 21 ln. Hu ht cc thng s cht lng nc bin ven b khu vc ny tha mn tiu chun TCVN 5943-1995. Ngoi tr thnh phn SS, TDS v vi sinh l kh cao. + Cht lng t: t khu vc d n thuc nhm t ct ven bin nn hm lng mn rt thp, hm lng cht dinh dng (nit tng s, photpho tng s, kali tng s) cng khng cao.+ Cht thi rn: mt lng kh ln cht thi rn sinh hot cha c thu gom, chn lp v x l hiu qu nn cht thi vn c vt ba bi dc theo bi bin; nh hng n cnh quan v gy nhim mi trng.

KT LUN V KIN NGH

Kt lun

Vic thc hin d n s tc ng tch cc khng ch i vi qu trnh pht trin kinh t- x hi ca a phng m cn gip gim thiu cc tc ng bt li ca thin nhin i vi i sng ca nhn dn trong khu vc.

- Cc tc ng tiu cc tc ng n mi trng nh nu c th kim sot v khc phc n mc thp nht bng cch p dng cc bin php k thut, cc gii php ng b kt hp vi cc bin php qun l nh xut trong bo co ny.

KT LUN V KIN NGH2. Kin ngh

ngh S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Tha Thin Hu t chc thm nh bo co ny d n sm i vo hot ng nhm m bo tin thc hin ca d n.

- ngh S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Tha Thin Hu kim tra, theo di, gim st v gip ch d n thc hin nhng phng n x l v chng trnh gim st mi trng nh ra trong bo co.