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Does Interprofessional Education Make a Difference to Students’ Attitudes to Practice?. Karen Coleman , Ben Darlow , Eileen McKinlay , Louise Beckingsale , Sarah Donovan, James Stanley, Peter Gallagher, Ben Gray , Hazel Neser , Meredith Perry, Sue Pullon. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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KAREN COLEMAN , BEN DARLOW, E I LEEN MCKINLAY, LOUISE BECKINGSALE, SARAH DONOVAN, JAMES
STANLEY, PETER GALLAGHER, BEN GRAY, HAZEL NESER,
MEREDI TH PERRY, SUE PULLON
Does Interprofessional Education Make a Difference to Students’ Attitudes to Practice?
University of Otago, Wellington
Definition
Interprofessional Education (IPE) occurs when two or more professions learn with, from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care.
The goal of IPE is to focus on patient-centred, team-based care through positive shared learning activities.
(Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education, 2014)
University of Otago, Wellington3
Medicine - 4th 5th 6th Radiation TherapyPostgraduate Health Sciences
Dietetics & Physiotherapy - clinical
Radiation Therapy students join the programme
Objective
To investigate if participation in an IPE programme, focussing on long term condition (LTC) management influences student attitudes to:
Interprofessional education Interprofessional practice Functioning within health teams LTC management
Long Term Condition
LTC - any condition lasting more than 6 months and is not curable
(Wagner, 2001)
Most people have 2 or more
Diabetes Asthma Heart disease Arthritis Cancer
Background
Interprofessional practice (IPP) optimises skill sets to provide the best possible care to patients
(Pullon et al, 2013)
Improves patient safety (Reeves et al, 2008)
Improves patients satisfaction outcomes, especially when meeting the complex needs of people with LTC
(Strasser et al, 2008)
Enhances health professionals overall job satisfaction (Grumbach & Bodenheimer, 20014)
Initiatives
Internationally link between IPE and IPP (WHO, 2010)
HWNZ have funded pilot projects at Tairawhiti and Whakatane involving dietetics dental medicine nursing occupational therapy pharmacy physiotherapy (HWNZ, 2013)
IPE Programme
Students participate in… over a 5 week period:
An introductory lunch
A three hour interdisciplinary workshop on LTC
A home visit to a patient with LTCs (2-3 students with a disciplinary mix)
Preparation for the presentation
Small group presentations to class with invited guests(Pullon et al, 2013)
Methodology
Stratified quasi-randomised controlled trial
Approved by University of Otago Ethics Committee
Attitudes were measured pre and post intervention using validated tools
(Sharpe et al, 2008)
Attitude change in intervention and control groups were compared using the Analysis of Covariance
Trial Overview
Participant Characteristics
Characteristics Intervention Control
n %† n %†
Age(years; mean) 40 21.9 42 22.5Gender Female 30 75.0 30 71.4 Male 10 25.0 12 28.6 Ethnicity NZ European 34 85.0 34 81.0 Māori 3 7.5 5 11.9 Asian 4 10.0 7 16.7 Other 0 0 Discipline Dietetics 4 10.0 5 11.9 Medicine 17 42.5 18 42.9 Physiotherapy 6 15.0 6 14.3 Radiation Therapy 13 32.5 13 31.0
† unless otherwise specified. % = per cent; NZ = New Zealand
Baseline Scale Scores
Attitude Scale (score) Intervention Control
n Mean score†
(0 to 5)
n Mean score†
(0 to 5)
Attitude To Health Care Teams Scale (ATHCTS)
39‡ 3.9 42 3.8
Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS)
40 3.9 42 3.9
Team Skills Scale (TSS) 40 2.9 42 3.0
Long-Term Condition Management Scale (LTCMS)
40 3.1 42 2.9
† scored on 5-point Likert scale, higher scores represent more positive attitudes. ‡ one medical student provided insufficient valid responses to allow a mean to be calculated for the ATHCTS.
Results
Post-intervention scores in control and intervention group participants adjusted for baseline scores. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001
Discussion
The degree of attitude change was similar for all students irrespective of discipline, supporting the inclusion of radiation therapy students to the existing IPE programme
Findings indicate that even a short IPE intervention is effective in attitudes towards IPP
Limitations
Level of clinical in respective programmes
LTCM scale yet to be validated
Conclusion
The findings suggest that the programme not only achieved its interprofessional objectives, but also improved understanding of long-term condition management.
This study is not able to say if these attitudinal changes will be maintained over time, or translate into improved professional practice or patient outcomes.
But wouldn’t it be great if it did!
Further Research
Qualitative data from the students and lecturers has been gathered via focus groups and is currently being analysed.
For the UOW, this has led to further integrated work, amongst the lecturers and the students. integrated orientation day to the campus
Acknowledgments
The patients
This research was funded by a:
Committee for the Advancement of Learning and Teaching (CALT) Grant
University of Otago
References
1. Pullon S, McKinlay E, Beckingsale L, Perry M, Darlow B, Gray B, Gallagher P, Hoare K, Morgan S. Interprofessional education for physiotherapy, medical and dietetics students: a pilot programme. J Prim Health Care. 2013;5(1):52-58.
2. Grumbach K, Bodenheimer T. Can health care teams improve primary care practice? JAMA. 2004;291(10):1246-1251.
3. Strasser DC, Falconer JA, Stevens AB, Uomoto JM, Herrin J, Bowen SE, Burridge AB. Team training and stroke rehabilitation outcomes: a cluster randomized trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89(1):10-15.
4. Wagner EH. Meeting the needs of chronically ill people. BMJ. 2001;323(7319):945-946.
5. Centre For The Advancement Of Interprofessional Education. http://caipe.org.uk/resources/defining-ipe/. Accessed 9 May, 2014.
6. Reeves S, Zwarenstein M, Goldman J, Barr H, Freeth D, Hammick M, Koppel I. Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of systematic reviews. 2008;1.
7. Sharpe D, Curran V. Collaborating for education and practice: An interprofessional education strategy for Newfoundland and Labrador. Memorial University of Newfoundland. Final project report. Health Canada IECPCP project. St. John’s, NL: Memorial University of Newfoundland. 2008.
8. World Health Organisation. (2010). Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice. Geneva: World Health Organisation.
9. Health Workforce NZ (2013) Interprofessional education programme breaking new ground http://healthworkforce.health.govt.nz/interprofessional-education-programme-breaking-new-ground accessed 11/8/14