Digestive System test Review

Grade 8

1. Which of the following aids digestion by producing bile?

• A. Liver

2. The fingerlike projections lining the small intestine are called

• Villi

3. Which of the following is NOT part of the digestive tract?

• pancreas

4. The soupy mixture of food, enzymes and acids in the stomach is called

• chyme

5. The burning pain of indigestion is caused by

• Chyme being pushed back up the esophagus

6. Extra nutrients absorbed by the body are stored in the

• liver

7. The lining of the small intestine is covered with villi that

• Increase the surface area for nutrient absorption

8. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the pancreas?

• It processes and stores bile and cholesterol

9. The breaking, crushing and mashing of food is called

• Mechanical digestion

10. Large molecules are broken down into nutrients in

• Chemical digestion

11. Some nutrients are broken down into smaller particles that the body can use by

• enzymes

12. Where does digestion begin?

• In the mouth

13. When you take a bite out of an apple, which kind of teeth would you most likely be using

• incisors

14. Using your teeth to crush food is an example of

• Mechanical digestion

15. Enzymes in the saliva begin the process of

• Chemical digestion

16. Once the food has been reduced to a soft mush, the tongue pushes it into the throat, which leads to a long

straight tube called the

• esophagus

17. The muscular, baglike organ attached to the lower end of the esophagus that

continues the physical digestion of a meal is called the

• stomach

18. What kind of digestion does your stomach perform on your food?

• Chemical and mechanical digestion

19. If the food you eat contains bacteria, your stomach will most likely

• destroy it during chemical digestion

20. Chyme is slowly released into the_____through a small ring of muscle that works like a valve

• Small intestine

21. The advantage of releasing chime slowly from the stomach is that it allows more time

for the chime to mix with fluids from the

• liver and pancreas

22. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream by means of the

• Nutrients absorbing cells, fingerlike extensions in the small intestine, villi

23. Which of the following is linked to the small intestine, but does NOT move through it?

• Liver, gall bladder, pancreas

24. Which of the following is NOT a task performed by the liver

• absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

25. Bile is used to

• break down fat

26. When bile breaks up large fat droplets into very small droplets, it uses________process.

• chemical

28. The organ of the digestive system that stores, compacts, and then eliminates indigestible material from

the body is the

• Large intestine

29. Which statement best describes the function of the large intestine?

• Reabsorbs most of the water in the soupy mixture that enters it, changes soupy mixture to solid mass, passes cellulose to rectum, instead of bloodstream

30. Which of the following could cause constipation?

• Dried contents of large intestine

31. Diarrhea occurs when bowel movements become

• Frequent and watery

32. Chefs sometimes tenderize meats by either pounding the meat to a uniform thickness or rolling a device

containing spikes or blades across the meat, partially cutting fibers. This method of tenderization is similar

to________in the body.• Mechanical digestion

33. Have you ever had chicken and pineapple marinade? Cooks have long used the natural enzyme bromelain found in pineapple which

contains acids that can break apart large proteins. This process of tenderizing meat is similar

to_______in the body.• Chemical digestion

34. Starches are broken down into sugars by enzymes called amylases that are in saliva. Fruits are mostly made of simple sugars and water.

Which of the following foods would be the easiest to digest?

• strawberries

35. Our bodies are made about 70 percent water. You would probably feel less thirsty if you would

• Eat fruits and vegetables that contain a lot of water

Short Answer

• 1. Explain two reasons why the statement digestion begins in your mouth .

Short Answer

• 2. What is the function of saliva?

Short Answer

• 3. Cellulose, a type of fiber found in fruits and vegetables, aids digestion by keeping some water in the contents of the large intestine. What could be the consequence of NOT eating enough fruits and vegetables?

Short Essay

1. Explain completely what happens to food when it enters the body? Use your academic vocabulary and the terms mechanical and chemical digestion) Explain where it starts and each of the stops along the way until it leaves your body.)

•Vocab terms to use: mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

Short Essay

• 2. What are nutrients? What are the three major types of nutrients? How are nutrients broken down?