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Digestive system

Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

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Page 1: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Digestive system

Page 2: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

End Products of Digestion

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Page 3: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

End Products of Digestion

• Proteins Amino acids(used to make your own proteins)

• Carbohydrates Simple sugars (used by the mitochondria for energy) 1gram= 4Calories

• Lipids Fatty acids & glycerol (used for cell membranes, energy protection) 1gram= 9Calories

Page 4: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids
Page 5: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids
Page 6: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Trail Mix

Page 7: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

DIGESTION

• The Acts of digestion requires:– mechanical means that increase the surface

area &– Chemicals such as ENZYMES, HCL, sodium

bicarbonate and water.

Page 8: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Digestion begin in the mouth

• Teeth –Mechanical digestion increase the surface area for enzymes to work upon.

• Chemical digestion- Saliva contains a salivary amylase which breaks down starch to maltose (disaccharide )

Page 9: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Mouth Ulcer

Page 10: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Epiglottis

Page 11: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Name the organs

1

8

5

4 2

10

7

6

3

9

11

Page 12: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Welcome to the esophagus

• Bolus-ball of food• Peristalsis- waved-

like contractions of smooth muscle: forces food along the digestive tract

• Esophagus= 25cm

Page 13: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Stomach

• Food holder• Secretions result from:

– Nerve action (brain)– Food contact w/ stomach– Hormone-gastrin

• Pepsin & HCL-break proteins into polypeptides chains– HCl kills bacteria– PH (acid) activates pepsin PH1-3– HCl dissolves mineralsCHYME-

Page 14: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Heartburn

Page 15: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Gastric Ulcer

Page 16: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Bleeding Ulcer

Page 17: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Toothbrush in stomach after 2 years : 30 year old female

Page 18: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Liver / Gall bladder

• 4 lbs• Produces Bile-

emulsification of fats (Physical)

• Contains no digestive enzymes!!!

• Large globs to small globs to increase the surface area

• Gall Bladder stores some bile.

Page 19: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Laparoscopic Gall Bladder removal

Page 20: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Pancreas

• Secretes 1st set of digestive enzymes

• Proteases, amylases and lipases

• Produces sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid –PH -6—

Page 21: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Duodenum

Page 22: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Villi and glandular tissue of the duodenum

Page 23: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Intestinal glands

• Wall of the intestine secrete 2nd set of digestive enzymes (Proteases, amylases and lipases) completes digestion

• Amylases-maltase, surcease, .

• Secretion-hormone stimulates glands to secrete

Page 24: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Small Intestine

• Diffusion -22 ft long• Increase folds• Villi / microvilli• Thin membranes• Muscular contractions

Page 25: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Large Intestine

• No digestion of food• 1-Absorption of water• 2-Bacterial action –

production of vitamin K for proper blood clotting

• Rate of waste flow– Fast—Diarrhea– Slow– Constipation

Need fiber (cellulose) to clean the colon and possibly prevent polyps

Lap colon

Fecal transplantation

Page 26: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Tube pH Mass of Precipitate

(mg)123456

468101214

2.82.52.02.32.62.9

Application Trypsin -Protease

Page 27: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Application questions

• Medication for five days 7 6 5 4 3   Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5

PH of the stomach

Page 28: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Polyp on intestine wall

Page 29: Digestive system. End Products of Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids

Large Intestine & contraction