GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY PRESSArabic SeriesFORMAL SPOKEN ARABIC: BASIC COURSEKarin C. Ryding434 pp., ISBN 0-87840-279-9, paper(Acx:ompanying set of7 cassettes)A DICTIONARY OF IRAQI ARABIC: ARABIC-ENGLISHD.R. Woodhead and Wayne Beene, Editors522 pp., ISBN 087840-281-0, paperA DICTIONARY OF IRAQI ARABIC: ENGLISH-ARABICB.E. Clarity, Karl Stowasser, and Ronald G. Wolfe216 pp., ISBN 0-87840-280-2, paperA REFERENCE GRAMMAR OF SYRIAN ARABICMark W. Cowell601 pp., ISBN 0-87840009-5, paper(Acx:ompanying set of 3 cassenes)A DICTIONARY OF SYRIAN ARABIC: ENGLISH-ARABICKarl Stowasser and Moukhtar Ani, Editors281pp., ISBN 087840-010-9, paperA BASIC COURSE IN MOROCCAN ARABICRichard S. Harrell411 pp., ISBN 0-87840-005-2, paper(Acx:ompanying set of 16 cassenes)A SHORT REFERENCE GRAMMAROF MOROCCAN ARABICRichard S. Harrell287 pp., ISBN 0-87840-006-0, paperA DICTIONARY OF MOROCCAN ARABIC:MOROCCAN-ENGLISH! ENGLISH-MOROCCANRichard S. Harrell and Harvey Sobelman, Editors528 pp., ISBN 0-87840-007-9, clothEASTERN ARABICFrank A. Rice and Majed F. Sa'id400 pp., ISBN 0-87840-021-4, paper(Accompanying set of 9 cassettes)My personal contribution inthecompilation of thisdictionaryisdedicated tomy motherand her twoclose friends,"Eileen"and"Cleo."R. G. W.ArabicSeries: NumberSixGeneral Editor: RichardS. HarrellInstituteofLanguagesandLinguisticsGeorgetownUniversityWashington, D. C.ADICTIONARYofIRAQI ARABICENGLISH- ARABICeditedbyBeverly E. Clarity Karl StowasserRonald G. WolfeGeorgetown UniversityPressWashington, D.C.The research reportedherein wasperformed pursuant to a contractwiththe United States Office of Education,Department of Health, Education, andWelfare.CopyrightGeorgetownUniversity1964THE ARABICSERIESINSTITUTE OFLANGUAGES ANDLINGUISTICSGEORGETOWNUNIVERSITYAs an adjunct to its teaching and researchprograminthe field of modernArabic studies, GeorgetownUniversity'sInstituteof LanguagesandLinguisticsin-augurated a publication seriesin Arabicstudiesin1962. The present volumerep-resents the sixth of the series. A list of currentlyavailable and forthcomingpublications istobefoundon theback cover of thisbook.Inquiries as to prices, details of subscription, etc., should besenttotheDi-rector of Publications, Instituteof LanguagesandLinguistics, GeorgetownUniver-sity,Washington, D. C.,20007.CopyPreparation byWALTERCONWAY& ASSOCIATES, Inc.WashingtonD.c.,20010THE ARABIC RESEARCHPROGRAMINSTITUTE OF LANGUAGES ANDLINGUISTICSGEORGETOWNUNIVERSITYThe Arabic Research Program wasestablished in Juneof 1960 as a contractbetween Georgetown Universityand theUnited StatesOfficeofEducation under theprovisionsof theLanguage Development Program of the N a t i o n a ~ DefenseEducationAct.The first twoyears of the researchprogram, 1960-1962 (Contract numberSAE-8706), were devotedtotheproductionofsix books, areference grammar anda conversational English-Arabic dictionary in the cultivated spoken forms ofMoroccan, Syrian, andIraqi Arabic. The secondtwo yearsof theresearchpro-gram, 1962-1964 (Contract number OE-2-14-029), call for the furtherproductionof Arabic - Englishdictionaries in eachof the three varietiesof Arabicmentionedabove, as well as comprehensive basic coursesin theMoroccan andIraqivarieties.The eleven booksof thisseries, of whichthe present volume isone, are de-signed to serve aspracticaltools forthe increasing numberof Americanswhoselivesbring theminto contact with the Arab world. The dictionaries, thereferencegrammars, andthe basic courses areoriented toward theeducatedAmerican whoisalaymanin linguistic matters. Although it ishoped that thescientificlinguistand thespecialist in Arabic dialectologywillfind thesebooksbothof interest andof use, matters of purely scientific and theoretical importance have not beendirectlytreatedassuch, and specializedscientific terminology has been avoidedasmuch aspossible.As is usual, theauthors or editorsof theindividual books bear final scholarlyresponsibility forthe contents, but therehasbeenalargeamountof informal co-operation in our work. Criticism, consultation, and discussion have goneon con-stantly among the senior professional membersof thestaff. The contributionofmore junior research assistants, both Araband American, isalsonot to be under-estimated. Theirpainstaking assemblingand ordering of rawdata, often in mannersrequiring considerable creative intelligence, hasbeen the necessaryprerequisitefor furtherprogress.Staff work hasbeen especially important in the preparation of the dictionaries.Although the contributingstaff members arenamedon the title page ofthe individualdictionaries, special mention must bemadeof Mr. Karl Stowasser's work. Hislexicographical experience, acquired in hiswork on theEnglish version ofProfes-sor Wehr's Arabisches Iforterbuchfur die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart ,**Hans Wehr, ADi c tionary of Modern Wri tten Arabi c) ed.J MiltonCowan (Ithaca,N. Y.: Cornell UniversityPress, 1961).along withhisthorough knowledgeof Arabic, has been critically important forallour lexicographical work, covering theentirerange fromtypographyto substantiveentriesin the dictionaries.In most cases thebooks prepared by theArabic Research Programarethefirst of their kindin English, and in some cases the first in any language. Thepreparation of them hasbeena rewarding experience. It ishopedthat thepublicuseof them will beequallyso. The undersigned, on behalfof theentirestaff, wouldliketo askthesame indulgenceof thereader asSamuel Johnson requestedin hisfirst English dictionary: To rememberthatalthoughmuchhasbeenleftout, muchhasbeenincluded.RichardS. HarrellAssociateProfessorof L i n g u i s t i ~ sGeorgetownUniversityDirector,ArabicResearchProgramPREFACEThe compilation of this dictionarywasbeguninthe summer of 1960 by Dr.Thomas B. Irving of the University of Minnesota, with the assistance of MunirMalaykaofBaghdad, Iraq. Unfortunately, Dr. Irving wasnot abletoseethe diction-arythrough to itscompletion, and, for avarietyof technical reasons, themassofmaterialwhichhehadso conscientiously and diligently collectedhad largelyto beabandoned.The re-editing and completion of the workwas undertakenby B. E. Clarity,formerlyof thelinguistics department of the Arabian-AmericanOil Company andnow Professor at BeloitCollege, Beloit, Wisconsin. The workwas then given afinal revisionbyRonaldG. Wolfe under theeditorial supervisionof KarlStowasser.The compilationof thedictionary wastheworkof many diligent hands and minds.Mr. Clarity's chief assistants, in addition to Ronald Wolfe, were Dan Woodhead,Munir Malayka, Husein Mustafa, and Faysal AI-Khalaf. Contributions were alsomade by MajidDamah, BasilAI-Bustani, Hasan AI-Hashimi, JeromeHoffman, andThomasFox.The long task of reading the proofs, bothgalleyandpage, was undertaken byRonaldWolfe.R. S. H.Washington, D. C.February, 1964EDITORS' INTRODUCTIONThis dictionaryis based, informat, on the English-German sectionof thebilingual German and EnglishDictionaryof Everyday Usage*. The aimof thiswork hasbeen to present,forthe firsttime, adictionary for Englishspeakers con-taining the basicvocabularyof the Iraqi dialect. Technical termshave been largelyavoided. Theusage is primarily thatof MuslimspeakersfromBaghdad, but somesouthern Iraqiusage isalsoincluded. The illustrativeEnglishsentences arebasedoneveryday conversational usage withadeliberate avoidanceof literary style. Inafew casessomewhat awkwardEnglish constructions have beenresorted toin ordertogivea clearer pictureof Iraqi sentencestructure.The transcription systemis identical to that of WallaceM. Erwin's AShortReferenceGrammar of Iraqi Arabic**, whichshouldbe consulted for further treat-ment of Iraqiphonology.The consonants are asfollows:? - glottal stop;not adistinctive featureofEnglish, but similar tothe variantfor English l in button or bottle.b - voiced bilabial stop; similartoEnglishbasin bake.p - voiceless bilabial stop; similar toEnglish.E asinpole.t - voiceless dental stop; similartoEnglish !-as in take.e - voicelessinterdental spirant; similar toEnglish th asin thank.J - voiced palatal affricate; similar toEnglish1 asin jail.c- voicelesspalatalaffricate; similar toEnglish ch asin cheese.Z' - voicelesspharyngeal spirant; noEnglishequivalent, butsameasClassicalArabicc..x- voiceless velar spirant; no English equivalent but similar to ch as inGermanBach.*German-English English-German Dictionaryof Everyday Usage, ed. by J.AlanPfeffer(NewYork: HenryHolt and Company). Although the content of thisdictionaryis, in strictly legal terms, publicdomainsince it was prepared asa partof the American wareffort inWorld War II, wewish toexpress our thanks to thepublishers forraising no copyright objectionstoour useof thematerial.**AShort ReferenceGrammar of Iraqi Arabic, by Wallace M. Erwin (Insti-tute of Languages and Linguistics, Georgetown University, Arabic Series, 4).Washington, D. C., Georgetown UniversityPress, 1964.d - voiceddental stop; similar toEnglish.s!. asin desk.0- voiced interdental spirant; similartoEnglishthasinthan.r - alveolar flap, generally voiced; unlikeEnglish..!J butsimilartothe.!. or.s!.flapofEnglishBetty or body.z - voiced dentalspirant; similartoEnglish.!. asinzeal.s - voicelessdental spirant;similartoEnglish asinseen.s- voiceless palatal spirant;similartoEnglishsh asinsheep. - voiceless dental spirant, emphatic; noequivalentinEnglish.0-voicelessinterdental spirant, emphatic; noeqUivalent inEnglish.t - voiceless dental stop, emphatic; noequivalent inc - voicedpharyngeal spirant;noequivalent inEnglish, but same asClassicalArabic t.g- voiced velarspirant; noequivalent inEnglish, but similartosome occur-rencesofFrench r.f- voicelesslabio-dental spirant; similartoEnglish.!. asin fan.q-voiceless post-velarstop; noeqUivalent inEnglish.k - voiceless velarstop; similartoEnglish asinkick.g- voiced velarstop; similartoEnglishg asin get.l-voiced alveo-dentallateral; unlikemost English but similarto1 asinmillion.m- voiced bilabialnasal;similartoEnglishill. asinmeat.n - voiced dental nasal;similar toEnglish E- asin neat.h - voicelessglottal spirant; similartoEnglishh... asinhome.Thesemivowels areasfollows:w- voiced high back rounded semivowel; similar to Englishas in way.y- voicedhigh front unrounded semivowel; similar to English y as in yell.Theshortvowels are asfollows:a- short low central vowel; the quality of this vowel varies with its en-vironment and is similarto theEnglish asin father, ora soundbetweenthe vowelsof fatherandfought, or betandbat.t - short high front unroundedvowel; thequalityof thisvowel varies withitsenvironment and is similar to the English.!.. as in machine, bit, or theEnglishasin sister.o- shortmid backroundedvowel; similar tothe first partof thediphthonginEnglish boat.u- short highback rounded vowel; the quality of this vowel varies with itsenvironment, and issimilar tothe vowel of English boot, or to a soundbetween thevowelsof bull and ball, or to thevowel soundofEnglishbook.Thelongvowels areasfollows:aa - long low central vowel; this vowel, when not next to an emphatic, isbetween thevowelsof English had and hod, but longer. Next to an em-phatic, it rangesbetween thevowel ofEnglishhodandhaul.ee- long mid frontunroundedvowel; thisvowel is between the vowel soundsofEnglish fezandphase, or else hasdiphthong quality, the first partbeinglikethesoundofeat, thesecond likethesoundof let.- -t t - long high frontunroundedvowel; similar tothe.!.. ofEnglish asinmachine.00 - longmidback roundedvowel; this vowel, when not next to an emphatic,hasthequalityof the first element in thediphthongofEnglish chose, or ifnext to anemphatic, it issimilar to thevowel ofEnglish ball.uu- long high back rounded vowel; if next to an emphatic, it is betweenthevowel of chooseandthe first elementof thediphthongof chosein English,otherwise it issimilar tothevowel of English choose.Adot beneathaletter other than the threeaforementioned emphatics 0} t)indicates that the letter isalsoemphatic. Asageneral rule, theassimilationofaradical toapreceding orfollowing consonanthas not been shown. Thenotable ex-pectationis that partial assimilationas toemphasis(velarization) isshown. Forexampleir"you become"and "he waspatient".- -Englishhomonyms are treatedin thesamemainentry. The Arabicequivalentof anEnglishentry isusuallyfollowedbyacontextualexample whichisdesignedtoillustrate and define its semantic range or syntactic behavior, or both. SeveralArabic equivalents separatedby commas are interchangeable withinthese con-fines. An English entry which has no word-for-word equivalent inArabic isfollowed by a colon and one or more contextual examples which demonstrateparaphrasitic possibilities. Adouble asterisk(**) preceding anEnglishsentenceor Arabicphrasesignalsidiomaticrendering.An Arabic nounis regularly followed by itssound and/or broken plural, theformer in abbreviation (-a) -iyya} or-i in} -iyyi inor -aat). The adjectivesaregiveninmasculine formwithonly broken plurals being indicated. An asteriskfollowing an adjective ending in -iindicatesthat itfollows thispattern: feminine-iyya; plural -iyyiin} -iyyaat.AnArabicverbisquotedinthe conventional third personsingular(masculine)of the perfect. It is followed by parentheses containingthe stemvowel of theimperfect and the verbalnoun ornouns. If the verb hasapassive voiceit will bein-dicated by the properprefix, n- or t-,followingtheclosed parentheses. Followingthe passiveformprefixappears theobligatory prepositional complement, if thereis one; e.g. ttiraf b- "to admit", ttimad "to trust", whereas free prep-ositional complements arerelegated to theillustrativesentencesfordemonstration.Anoun mayoccur in a verb entryeither before or afterthepreposition. Atildefollowinganoun indicatesthatthenoun istheobjectof the verband takesthe possessive pronominal suffix agreeingwith thesubject-doer of the verb: daar(i) baaL-taLa "to tend" becomes daar baaLa caJ"-j ihhaaL "He tended the chil-dren" .In a certain number of instances where the Englishverb is expressed inArabic by a compound of verbplus noun, a hyphen (-) is placedafter the nounto indicateannexion: soof (u) man9ar- "toview" becomes soof man9ar"He viewedtheaccident".Elsewhere, the use of the hyphenina compound of verb plusnoun indicatesthat the noun is the subject of the Arabicverbandtakes apronominal suffix cor-responding to the subject of the equivalent English sentence: gacibat (i) roo'G-"to faint"becomes gacibat rooc:;a "He fainted".Theabbreviationsused areasfollows:colI. - collectivef. - femininem. - masculinepI. - pluralThe editors wish to express their appreciationto Georgetown University forproviding anacademichomeduring the compiling of thisdictionary, and, aboveall,to the authors of the National DefenseEducation Actanditsadministratorsin theDepartment of Health, Education, and Welfare,whomadepossible forusitsunder-taking.B. E. C.K. S.R. G. W.Washington, D. C.February, 1964a 1Aaccelerator - ?aksaLeeta. The accelerator's broken.L-?aksaLeetamaksuura.academic - 1. diraasi *. The academic year. s-sanad-diraasi yya. 2. naad *. Thi sis an academi cmatter. haa8i qaiyyanaiiariyya.academy - "majmaEpl. majaamiE. Scientific academy.majmaEEi Lmi.a Germantasdi i dpl.weenI foundit out by2. min keef-.ha8iic?isaa?a) 11,- L-istiEmaaL He'sda.--ysii? isticmaal ;;uLutpa.11,- L-muEaamala. He abusesmuEaamaLat marta.to abuse - 1. ? asaa?(iabusing his' authority.2. ?asaa?(i ?isaa?a)hi s wi fe. huwwa y si i ?accidentally - 1. bi La taEammud. I dropped the plateaccidentall y. waqqaEt i L-maaEuun bi la taEammud.2. ;;idfatan. I accidentally learned the truth.hraft i;;-;;udug ;;idfatan.to accommodate - "We can accommodate three more people.nigdar inhayyi? makaan L-itlae baEador hdnamakaan L-i tL aaBa baEad.access - 1. stiEmaaL. Access to the files isrestricted to supervisors. stiEmaaL il-faayLaatmaq;;uur caL-mulaaoi.8iin. 2. maxraj pI. maxaarif.Iraqhas access to the sea through the Shatt-al-Arab.L-Eiraaq cindamaxraj Lil-baoarcan tariiq sappi L-carab.to bave access to - 1. (things) gidar(a)yistaEmil. He has access to the files. huwwa yigdaryistaEmiL il-?iiibaaraat. 2. (persons) gidar(a)yi twa;;.saL She has access to the minister ofinterior. tigdariL-waziir id-daaxiLiyya.accent - 1. Lakna, Lahja. He speaks withaccent. yizci b-Lakna ?a?maaniyya. 2. Where is the accent in this word?i t- tasdi i d ib-hal-k ilma?to accept - qibal (a qubuuL) 11,-. Are you going toaccept that position? rao-tiqbal ha8iic absent - gaayib. Three members were absent because ofillness. HaB ?aEaa? caanawgaaybiin ib-sababi l-mara.absent-ainded - fikr- daalgaci. He's veryabsent-minded. haa8a kuLLis jikra saaridor huwlllakuHis daaLgaci.absolute - 1. xaaLi;;, ;;irf, maoii. That's the absolutetruth. haa8a il-xaaLi;;. -- That's anabsolute fact. haoiic l-oaqiiqa l-maza. 2. muj;laq.The dictator exercisedabsolute power. d-diktatoormaaras .suLj;amuj;laqa.absolutely - qa.tEan. He's absolutely right. L-oaqqwiyyaa qaj;Ean.to absorb - 1. ma{i;; (u 11,-. The sponge absorbedthe water quickly. L-isfanja il-1Jlaaybil-EajaL 2. hiam(u haiJum) 11,-. You can't absorball that material in a single lesson. ma--tigdartuhiiumkuH haL-maELuumaat ib-fadddaris.to be absorbed - nhimak(i nhimaak). He was so ab-sorbed inhis book, he didn't hear me come In. caanminhimik bil-iqraayama--oass biyyaminxasseet.ac cident - z aadi 6a pI. 0 awaadi 6, qadar pl.?aqdaar.When did the accident happen? !iwakitiL-zaadi6a?by accident - 1. accident. k ti safi tha biThat didn't happen by accident.min k eefha.accommodating - xaduum. The manager was very accommo-dating. L-mudiir caan kuLLis xadu.um.accompaniment - Eaaif. Who's going to play theaccompanimen t? minu rao-y quumbil-caaif?to accompany - 1. raafaq (i muraafaqa), (imU{iaaoaba). He accompanied her on the lute. huwwaraafaqhacaL-cuud. -- I played the lute and Aliaccompanied me on the flute. ?aani daggeet cuudaboard - EaLa. We went aboard the boat an hour beforeit sailed. EaL-markab saaEagabu?-mamisa."all aboard' (ship) kuUkumEaL-markab.(train) kuHkumrukbu bi L-qij;aar.to abolish - Liga(i ?ilgaa?) 11,-. \\hen was slaveryabolished in the UnitedStates? swakt inLigatd-Eubuudi y ya b- amri ik a?abortion - tatriiz pl. -aat. Abortion IS against thelaw. t-tatriiz idd d-qaanuun.to perform BIt abortion on - j;arraz (i tatrii z) t-.He was arrested for performing an abortion on ayoung girl. twaqqaf Li-?an tarraz ibnayya {igayyra.about - 1. zawaaLi, taqrii ban. There were aboutthirty people present. caan ?aku zawaaLi tLaaBiinwaazid. -- It's about the same. taqriibannafsis-sii. 2. EaLa wasak. Lunch is about ready.L-gada EaLa wasak yizar. -- He was about to leavewhen the phone rang. caan Eala wasak yij;LaEmin daggit-talajoon. 3. Ean, EaLa. They were talkingabout the war. caanawyi zcuun Eann i L-zarub.4. b-. My husband is veryparticular about his food.raj Li hwaaya di qdaaqi b-? akl a."It'sabout time you got here. ma--yaUa Eaad! orween aL Leet?wbat .. , about - EaLa wees. What are you talkingabout? ?intaEaLa wees da.--tioci?or ?intas-da--tioci?what about - s-ra?yak, s-i tguuL What abou t thi sone? s-ra?yakor sLoonak bii?to be about - 1. EaLa wees. What's it all about?Ealawees haa8a kulLa? oror s-aku? 2. Eala.It's about the money he owes me. haay Eal-ifLuusil-?atLubh-iyyaa. 3. caan yriid. I was about tosend for you. cinit da-ariidadizz Ealeek.4. Eala wasak. She was about to burst into tears.caanat Eala wasak tibci.a-I. (no equivalent,. Do you have a stamp and anenvelope? Eindak taabiE 2. fadd. Thereis a man at the door. ?aku jaddrijfaaL3. L-. These eggs are fifty fils a dozen. haL-beepid-darzan ib-xamsiinfilis.to abbreviate - (i The BritishBroad-castingCorporationis abbreviated B.B.C.d-?i8aaEa L-barii.taaniyya?da "bii biisi i ".above - 1. joog. He is above average height. tuuLafoog d-muEaddaL 2. bis-saabiq. As alreadymentioned above. mi6il-man8ikar bis-saabiq.above all - wi l-? ahamm, la.-si yyama, EaLa xU$Uusan. Above all, remember to be on time.i88akkar Laazimitkuun Eal-wakit. orLa--siyyama, la.-tit?axxar.to be above - (caan) ?aElamin, ?arfaEmin, foog.She's above such petty things. hiyya?arfaEminhal-?asyaa? i.t-j;afiifa. He's above suspicion.huwwa foog is-Subhaat. - xaartj. Are you going abroad this summer??intamsaafir lil-xaarij -- He lives abroad.huwwa yEii!i biL-xaarij. -- At home and abroad...bd-waj;an w-bi l-xaarij ...abrupt - 1. yaabis. He has a very abrupt manner.Einda ?axlaaqa hwaaya yaabsa. 2. fujaa?i *. Wenoticed an abrupt change in his atti tude. laaoanataf!ayyur fujaa?i b-mawqifa.abruptly - b-fafaaf. He treated me rather abruptly.EaamaLni b-j afaaf.absence - giyaab. No one noticedhis absence. maozadLaaza giyaaba ?aslan.ability - qaabLiyya pl.qtidaar. I don't doubthis ability. ma--aUkk ib-qaabLiita.able - miqtidir, kafu pl. ?akiffaa? I'msure he'san able officer. ?aani mit?akkid huwwa aabut kafu.to be able - gidar(amaqdira, qudra). Will yoube able to come? raz-tigdar accomplish 2w-EaJi "aa?;abni Ean-naay. 2. ..aa?; (u) wiyya. We'llaccompany you to Damascus. nr-uu?; wiyyaak lis-saam.to accomplish - 1. xalla" (i taxlii,,) t-, kammal (itakmii l) t-. He accomplished what he set out to do.xalla" is-sii bii or kammal d- ..a.ad ysawwii.2. .taUaE (i tajliiE) t-. For one day he accom-plished quite a lot. jaUaEihwaaya sugul ib-faddyoom. 3. ?;aqqaq (i ta?;qiiq) t-. He's accomplisheda good deal in his hfe. ?;aqqaq ihwaaya gaayaat.b-?;ayaata. 4. twa""al (a tawai.sul). Did youaccomplish anything in Washington?is-siib-waas. n ti n?to ache - wijaE(a wujaE). My ear aches. ?iSnitoojaEni.to achieve - ?;aqqaq (i ta1:qiiq) t-. He achieved hispurpose. ?;aqqaq ma..aama.acid - 1. ?;aamup pI. 1:awaami. Bring me that bottleof acid. ji ib-li oaak i 2. laaSiE.He made a few acid remarks. swayyattaEhi qaat l aaSca.to acknowledge - Etiraf (i cti raaf). We acknowledgereceIpt of your letter dated nictirif b-istilaammak tuubak il-mu? ar..ax .,.ttifaaq. Ihey acted in complete accordj'1a....ifawb-i t ti faaq k aamiwi y yaa.He didit of his own accord. sawwaahaaccording to - ?;asab. Everything was carriedoutaccording to instructions. kuUsi tnaffao ?;asabi t-taEhimaat.accordingly - 1. hal-?asaas. I acted accordingly.j'1a.... afit2.Accordingly, I wrote him a check for the full amount.binaa?an ki eakk kulia.accomplished - maahi... He's an accomplished mUSICIan.huwwamuusi i qi maahi ..."Mission accomplished. l-majluub iaa.. or l-ga.. a? t?;aqqaq.accomplishment - 1. "aniiEapl. ianaayiE. His motherwas proud of his accomplishments. Yumma caanatfaxuu ..a b-ianaayEa. 2.pl. Really,acknowledged - muEtaraf. He is an acknowledged expert.huwwa xabii .. muEtaraf bii.acorn - baliuutapI. -aat colI. baUuut.to acquaint - ?a.tlaE (i ?ij;laaE) carraf (11,taErf) b-. FIrst I want to acquaint you with thefacts of the case. ?awwalan ?ariid?atliEak Eala1:aqaayiq il-qapiyya. .to acquaint oneself - tcarraf (a taEarruf), ttilaE(i .tj;ilaaE). It'll take me a week to acquaint myselfwith all the problems. yin.. aadr-li sbuuc ?;atta? atEa.. raf Eal akull i l-masaaki Lto get acquainted with - tcar.. af(a taEarruf) cala.You two should get acquainted with each other. laazim?intu l-i6neen titEarrfuun cala bacapkum.acquaintance - 1. waa?;id min il-maEaarif. He's an oldacquaintance of-mine. huwwa waa?;id min maEaarfil-Ci ttag. 2. maErifa. I ampleased to make youracquaintance. ?aani far?;aan i b-maEriftak.to acquire - 1. ?;ai"al (i 1:u,uul) t- We ac-quired the house when our uncle died. 1:assalnaEaL-beet min maat Eammna. 2. ktisab(i ktisaab).He's acquired considerable skill in tennis. ktisabihwaayamahaara bit-tanis.to acquit - barra (i tabriya) t-. The judge acquittedhim. l-?;aakim bar.. aa.eaan"udug, that was no small accomplishment.mull, saqa.accord - 1.with him.2. keef-.min keefa.in accordance with - ?;asab, b-muuj i b. In accordancewith your request we are sending you three morecopies. ?;asab?i?;naiHaBnusaxbaEad.account - 1. 1:saab pi. -aat. I have an account inthis bank. Eindi ?;saab 2. taqr-ii ..pl. taqaa..ii .., waiUf pl. ?aw"aaf. His account ofthe accident isn't clear. taq..ii ..a mull,waapi?; or wa"fa mull, waapi?;.on account of - ?asaas, b-sabab. The gamewas postponed on account of rain. it?ajjalib-sabab i l-mu.ta...on no account - b-?ay ?;aal, mahma '1aa... On noaccount must you open this drawer. Yintama.-laazi"itfukk hal-mija.... ib-?ay ?;aal or ma-laazimitfukkhal-mi j a.... mahma "aa...to call to account - ?;aasab(i mu?;aasaba) t-.I'll call himto account. .. a?;-a?;aasba:to give an account of - bayyan(i tabyiin) t-.You have to give me an account of every penny youspend. itbayyin-li kull filis il-tuiu..faween yir-uu1:."Give me an account of what happened. 1:cii-li"aa.. or ?oo"if-h illi iaa...to take into account - ?axao i b-napa.. d-iEti baa...You have to take all the facts into account. laazimtaaxuo kull il-1:aqaayiq ib-napa.. il-iEtibaa...to account for - 1. EaUal (i taEliil) t-. Howdo you account for that?haaoa?2. ba....a..(i tab..ii .. ). You'll have to account fOlyour actions. itba....i .. aEmaalak.to be accountable for - t1:aasab (a ta1:aasub) can. Youalone will be accountable for the materials. ?intawa?;dak .. a?;-tit1:aasab canaccountant - mu?;aasib pl. -iin.accurate - 1. daqi i q. She's ve ry accur ate I n herwork. hiyyakuHis daqiiqab-!iuguJha. 2. mabuuj.Is that watch accurate? has-saaEamabuuja?accurately - bi-abuj;, b-iUu..a mabuuja, b-diqqa.She figured it out accurately. ?;isbatha bi-pabuj;.to accuse - tiham (i ttihaam) n-. You can't accuseme of being lazy. ma.-tigda.. tithimni bil-kasaLHe was accused of theft. ntihamib-booga.accusto.ed - mitcawmidShe's not accustomed tothat. hi yyamQ,-mi tcawwda cal a haaoa.toget accustomed to - tEawwad(a taEalJllVUd) cala.ne can't get accustomed to the strict discipline.hu"""alIla-yigda.. yi tEawwadEan-nipaamidr-daqii q.ace - ?aas pI. -aat, bi Ui pI. -iyyaat. He has allfour aces. huwwa cinda ?aasaat.across - b-;;oob il-laax. The station is across theriver. l-ma?;atta b-soob il-laaximnis-satt.across the : gpaaf. He lives thestreet from us. huwwayiskun igpaafna.to across - Euba.. (11, cubuur) n-. Let's goacross the bridge. xal-nicbur ij-jisir.This bus goes right across town. hal-paaiyijtaaz il-wlaayaEala .tuul.act - 1. Eamal pI. ?aEmaal, fiEiL pI. ?afEaal. Thatwasn't a selfish act. haaSa camal ?anaani.2. fa'1d pI. fu'1uul. I don't want to miss the firstact. ma.-ariidyfuutni L-fa'1L i "Don't put on an act' la-tij'1annaE'to act - 1.(a taiarruf). He' 5 beenacting like a child. eaan yit'1arraf mi6l iz-zaE.tuuj.2. maBeal (i tam6i i l) t-. She's going to act inthat newplay. ra?;-itmae6il ib-8iic it-tam6iiliyyaj-jidiida.to act on - ttixa8(i ttixaaS) ijraa? b-. They'r,going to act on our proposal tomorrow. raa?;yittax8uun ijraa? b-iqtiraa?;na baacir.action - 1. ?; awaadi 6. The actionof the novel takesplace in Turkey. zawaadi6 il-qu,,,atijri b-turkiya.2. ?ijraa? pI. -aat. This situation requires firmaction. hal-wapicyiHallab ijraa? 1:aazim.3. taiarruf pi. -aat. His actions are hard tounderstand. taiarr-ufaata ;;aEub tinfihim.in action- bil-maeraka. He was killed in action.nki tal bitobringactionagainst - qaam(i ?i qaama) n- daEl1KJ.Eala. They will bring action against him.ra1:-yqi imuun calee daEwa.to take action - ?axao (u ?axiS) n- ?ijraa? Hasany action been taken on my case? n?ixaS ?ay ijraa?ib-qapii ti?active - I. caamll. Are you an active member? ?intacu?u caamil? 2. nasiit. He's still very activefor his age. baEdakullis nasiij; bin-nisba l-cumra.3. faEcaal. He has always been very active In ourclub. huwwa eaankullis faEcaali b-naadi ina.activity - I. nasaat. He had to give up all physicalactivity for a while. ptarr yitr-uk kull nasaaj jismlfadd mudda. 2. 1:arakapl. -aat. There's not muchactivity around here on Sunday.hwaaya 1:arakahnaa yoomd-auad. 3. camal pI. ?aEmaaL. Sheadmiral -pl. -aat, -iyya.?idaara) n-. minu da.--ydiir tarikaata?us howhe administersraawaanaysawwiMy garden adjoins his.2. jaawar (i mujaawara).houae. earaajhumyjaawir3engages in a lot of social actIvIty. tiltirikb-ihwaayaijtimaaEiyya.feverish activity- xab;;api. xaba;;aat. What'sall that feverish activity over there? sinu haL-xab;;a hnaak?actor - mumaBBiL pl. -iin.actress - mumaeBiLapi. -aat.actual - 1. zaqiiqi"', fiELi"'. The actual reason wassomething entirelydIfferent. s-sabab tl-zaqtiqtcaan fadd lit ytxtdtf tam.aaman. 2. ?asLi"'. Sheworks here, but her actual office is on the secondfloor. hiyya tistugu{ ihnaa sugu{haL-?a;;li bi.t-jaabiq iB-Baani.actually - 1. zaqiiqatan,;;udug. Do youactually believe that story? ?inta ;;Udug tiEtiqidib-haoiic L-izcaaya? 2. ,saziiz. Did he actuallywrite this letter? ;;aziiz kitab haL-maktuub?acute - 1. zaadd. He has acute dysentery. Eindadazantari zaadd. -- This triangle has two acuteangles. bii zaawiiteen zaadda.2. ladiid. If the pain becomes acute, call thedoctor. ?ilia ;;aarladiid xaabur it-tabiib.3. qawi"'. Dogs have an acute sense of smeil.cidha zaassat lammqawiyya.ad -pi. -aat. I'd1ike to put in an ad.?ariidanlur to adapt - 1. tkayyaf (a takayyuf). She adaptseasilyto newsocial situations. hiyya ti tkayyaf j-jidiida.2.(a This method will adaptwell to my purposes. haj-jariiqazeenwtyya ?agraai. 3. kayyaf (i takyiif) t-. Headapts himself easily. huwwa ykayyif nafsato add - 1. zaad(i zyaOOa). You'll have to addsome sugar.itziidilwayyat lakar.2. paaf (i ?ipaafa) n-. I'venothing to add tothat. ma.--Eindi sii ?apiif i3. jimaE(a jamiE) n-. Add up these figures. ?ijmaE

to add up to - ;;aar(i). Howmuch will the billadd up to? Igadd raz-it,siir addition - 1. jamiE. Is my addition correct? jamEi;;aziiz? 2. pi. -aat. They're building anaddition on that building. da.--yibnuuniL-haaoi 3. ziyaada. The addition ofturpentinewill thin the paint. ziyaadtit-tarbantiin raz-itxaffif i;;-;;ubug. ;inaddition -foog-. In addition heasked for tendollars. cmaaLacalir .inaddition to -In addition tohis fixed salaryhe gets commissions.maEaala yaaxuo qoomisyoon.additional - 1.He gave me an additionalamount for incidentals. njaani faddnaBrtyya. 2. ?azyad. An additionaldollar gives you better quality. food azyadyinjiik nooE?aZsan.address - 1. EinwaanpI. Canaawi,in. Send,these booksto this address. dizzLi-haaoa 2. xijaab pl. -aat. The President delivered animportant address. r-ra?iisxijaab muhimm.toaddress _1. canwan(i) t-. Address thisletter to the manager. canwin haaoa 2. xaatab (1.1. muxaataba). Howshall Iaddress him?axaatba? 3. wajjah(i tawjiih)t-. I would like to address a question to thespeaker. ?azibb awajjihadhesive tape - lariitadjecthe - ;;ifapI. -aat.to adjoin- 1. zad.d- (iJ.zOOiiqti tzidd zadiiqta.Their garage'adjoins theiL-beet.to adjourn - (1.1. fapn n-. He adj ourned'themeeting. huwwa fappto adjust - 1.(1.1. n-. The mechanicadjusted the carburetor.oubatiL-kaabreeta. 2. ,sazzaz (i ta;;ziiz) t-: Themanager will adjust your bill. L-mudiir raz-advantagey;;azziz qaa?imtak. 3. (i taEdiiL) t-. Sheadjusted her clothing. ihduumha.4. kayyaf (i takyiif) t-. I can't adjust myselfto the climate here. ma.--agdar akayyif nafsi

adjustahle - mitzarrik. Is this seat adjustable?haaoa mitzarrik?to administer - 1. daar (iadministeringhis estate?2. sawwa(i). He showedartificial respiration.tanaffus i,stinaaEi.administration - ?idaarapl. -aat.admiration _ ?icjaab. He got the admirationof allhis friends. iEjaab a;;diqaa?a.to admire _ kaan muEjab b-. I admire her beauty.?aani muEjab 1 admire your patience. yiEjibni ;;abrak.admission - 1.Howmuch is the admission?beel 2.I have an appointmentwith the Director of Admissions. Eindi mawEidwiyyamudiir3. ctiraaj pi. -aat. Hisadmission proved my innocence. Etiraafa?aBbatbaraa?ti.admission charge _?ujratThere's no ad-mission charge. ma-aku ?ujrat to admit - 1. (i t-, xaa(i taxsiis) t-. Give this card to the doorman andhe'll admit you. ?intiw-huwwa 2.(an-. We can't admitthis typeof student. ma-nigdar tiLmiio. 3. qarr (1.1. ?iqraar) b-. The accused finallyadmittedhis guilt. axiiran qarrib-oanba. 4. Etiraf(i Etiraaf). I admit I waswrong. ?aEtirif cini t ga" taan.to adopt - 1. tbanna(aMy friend hasadopted a small boy. ;;adiiqi tbannai;;gayyir.2. Etinaq(i Etinaaq). They adopted Islam towardthe end of the first century. ctinqawib-?awaaxir3. ttixa8 (i ttixaa8).They adopted the measure unanimously. ttix8aw 4. ttibaE (i ttibaaE).Better results could be obtainedif we adopted thismethod. nataa?ij ?azsan ?iliattibaEnahat-pariiqa.adult - cibiir pl. kbaar. There was milk for thechildren and coffee for the adults. caan aku w-gahwa adTance - 1. taqaddum, taraqqi. Great advances havebeen made inmedicine during the last fewyears.hwaaya taqaddum;;aar bi.t-.tibb bis-siniin i2. suLfapi. Can you give me an advance?tigdar tintiiniin advance -Let me knowin advanceifyou're coming. ?ixbirni ?ioaraz-tiji.to advance - 1. traqqa(a taraqqi). He advancedrapidly in the company. traqqa bibil-sarika.2. raffaE (i tarfiiE) t-. Theyjust advanced himto assistant manager. tawwhumrafficoomucaawinmudiir. He was advanced to chief clerk.traffaE?iLara?i i s ku ttaab. 3. qaddam(i taqdiim)t-. They advanced the dateof the lecture. qaddmawtaariix i 4. tqaddam(a taqaddum).Our army advanced twentymiles. jeelna tqaddamCisriinmid. 5. (iThe bankadvanced himone thousand dinars. ?aLif diinaar.Bdv8Dtage - faa?ida pl. fawaa?id. This method hasadvantages and disadvantages. hap-jariiqa biihafawaa?id w-ciyuub.an adTantage over -Yourtechnical education gives you an advantage over me.Gaqaaftaktinjiiktoone's advantage -?azzad. This isto your advantage. haaoato take BdTantage of - 1. ntihaz(i ntihaaz). Hetakes advantage of everyopportunity. yintihizfur;;a. 2. stigaLL(iDon't let peopleadvantageoustake advantage of you.n-naasyistiii Huuk.advBDtageous - mufiid, naafiC:.adventure _muxaapa..apl. -aat, mujaazafapl. -aat,mug-aama..apl. -aat.adverb - paruf pl. to advertise - (in-. The storeadvertised a sale.advertiseaent -pl. -aat.advertisiag_dicaaya, Our company spendsa lot on advertising. fa..ikatna ihwaayacadr-di C:aaya.advice - My advice is that you leaveimmediately. ?an it..uuo toaskadvice - stafaa.. (i stiaa..a),(u)na.lliioa. I askedhis advice. stifa.. ta. or .tLabi t ota.togive advice -(a.) n-, ?inta. (i nati)na.siioa. It is hard togive advice inthismatter. waaoid or 1la.c:ub wa.a.oidyinpi advisable - 1. I thinkit's advisablefor you to stay home today. ?afuuftibqa 2. mustaosan. Wouldthat be an advisable step to take? tiEtiqid mustaosana?to advl.se - ni 1lao (a) n-, aar (i) n-a. Wh at doyou advise me to do? -tin1laoni ?asawwi?adviser _ 1. Legal adviser. musaawir 2. Polit-ical adviser. mustaaar siyaasi. 3. Studentadviser. murid.advisory - stiaari*.aerial _ ?ee.. pl. -aat. The aerial on the radioisn't connected... ir-raadyoma--mi tti Laerial warfare - oa..ub jawwiyya.affair _1. ?amu.. pl. ?umuur. I don't meddle inhisaffairs.ib-?umuura. 2. ugUt pl.That's your affair. haaoa ug]ak ?inta.3. a?in pl. U?uun. He handled the affairsof thecompany badly. daa.. fu?uun i-fa..ika mxa..ubta. 4. munaasaba pl. -aat. Her partywas areal nice affair. munaasaba Japiifajiddan. 5.pl. -aat. The cook had anaffair with the chauffeur. t-tabbaaxa EidhaEaLaa.qa (garaamiyya) wiyya s-saayiq.toaffect - 1. ?aBBa..(i ta?Bii ..)That dampclimate affectedhis health. haoaak ip-paqisi ..- ..atib ?aBBa.. c:aLa sioota. 2. (a ..). He has' affected an Egyptian accent. Einda Laknami1lriyya.tobe affected- t?aeBar (a ta?aBBu..) b-. Hisvision was affected byhis illness. napa..a t?aBBari b-lIla..a.oa..affected- 1. mit1lanniE. She's terriblyaffected.hiyyakuLLif2. Is hisstylein writing always that affected? ?isLuuba daa?iaan to afford- tlllakkan(a taaakkun). We can't afford tobuy a car. lIla-nitmakkan niti ..i sayyaara or sayyaa..a."Ican't afford that much. haaSagaaLi EaLayya.'You can afford to laugh. oaqqak tiiloak or Lees Laa.Afghanistan - ?afgaanistaan.to be - xa(axisya). I'mafraidits goingto r8ln. ?axa..ao-tum.tu...to.beafraidof - xaaf (axoof) n- lIlin. He's notafr8ldof anyone. ma-yxaaf min ?aoz;ad.Africa- ?af..iiqya.African - ?afriiqi*pl. -iyyiin.after - 1. baEQd. Can youcall me after supper?ti gda.. i txaaburni ba.c:d i 2. wa..a. Hearrivedafter me.wa..aaya. 3. caLa. nayafter day, his healthis improving. yoolll caLayoolll4 da-titoassan. He named his son after hisgrandfather. samma ?ibna?isimjidda.4. ?aea... After the deathof my father, I hadto quit school. caLa ?aear wafaat ?abuuya ilta..reetabatti Limni L-madrasa.after all - 1. mahma ykuun. Why shouldn't I help him?After all, he's my friend. Luweef ma--asaa.c:da?mahma ykuun huwwa 2. taaLiiha. You areright, after all.wiyyaak.after this - minna.aw-gaadi. After this, pleaselet us knowin advance. minnaaw-gaadi ?inpiinaxaba.. to be after - dawwar (u tadwiir) EaLa. The policehave been after himfor two f-u .. tada-tdawwur caLee min muddat isbuuceen. .afternoon _..iyyapl. -aat. I would like to seeyou one afternoon. yicjibni ?afuufak faddin the afternoon - ba.c:d is-ouhu.., wa..a S-Suhur,L-cas.ir. I never drink in the ?aani ?abadma--as..ab gahwawa..a ...this afternoon - Can you comethis afternoon. tigda.. tiji i L-yoom..?afterwards _ ba.c:deen. We ate dinner and went to amovie afterwards. tg-addeena w-ba.edeen ..iz;nainama.again - 1. ma....a Lux, ma.... t iL-Lux, Marra eaanya.I'll tell himagain. rao-aguL-LaMarra2. min jiht iL-Lux. Again, we should study theother proposal, too. min jiht iL-Lux, ha""", Laazimnidrus ie-eaani. 3. ba.c:ad. He nevermade that mistake again. huwwalIla--sawmaiba.ead.again and again - Marra wara marra, yaama w-ya.ama.I warned himagain and again. z;aSSarta ",a.rra waraMarra.over and over again - marraat ihwaaya. He triedover and over again. huwwa z;aawaL ma..raat ihwaaya.thea again _ hammeen. But then again,notalways true. Laakin hammeen, haaSa muuz;.against - 1.Move this table over againstthe wall. z;utt haL-meez 2.We had to swimagainst the current.Starreenanisbaz; -- He voted aga1nstme. huwwa 3. caLa. He was lean-ingagainst the house. eaan mintiei caL-beet.as against - muqaabiL. Fiftyships went throughthe canal as against thirty five last month. xamsiinsafiinama..rat imniL-qanaaLmuqaabiL xamsa w-eLaaeiinbi-':fahr iL-faat.age - 1. cumur, sinn. He's about my age. huwwataqriiban ib-c:umri or huwwa taqriiban ib-sinni.2. This is the atomic age. haaSais-Sarra.inages _ min zamaan. We haven't seen theminages. ma--sifna.ahummin samaan.of age - baaLig sinn ir-rusud. He'll come of agenext year. raz;-yibLul sinnir-rusudis-sana j-jaaya.oldage - kubur. He diedof old age. ",aatimnito age _ 1. sayyab (i). He's aged a great deallately. sayyab ihwaaya2. c:attaq(i tac:tiiq) t-. The brewery aged the beerninety days. c:attaqtisciinyoom. 3. tcattaq (a). They left the wineto age for a number of years. xaLLawis-saraabyitcattaq camsana.- 1. Our companyhas an agency inBel. rut. sa..ikatna c:idhab-beeruut.2. daa?ira pl. dawaa?ir, Government agencies sub-mit their budgets this month. dawaa?ir yqaddimuunmiizaaniyyaathumhas-,:sahar.agent - 1. wakiiL pl. Your agent called onme yesterday. jaani L-baarz;a. 2. pl. cumaLaa? He is said to be a communist agent.cannahuwwac:amiiliyuuCi. 3. ",u",ae8iLpl. -iin. The insurance companysent its agent tothe accident site. !arikat it-ta?lIliin dassatwakiiLha L-mukaan iL-z;aadie. 4. sirri pl. -iyyiin.I thinkhe's a police agent. ?ac:tiqid huwwasirrimnif-furta. 5. pl. This is astrong chemical agent. haaSa kiilllyaawi 5to aggravate - 1. zahhag(i tzihhig, tazhiig) t-.Hi s bragging really aggravated me. t- tabajju'l zahhagni hwaaya. 2. ?azzam(i ta?ziim) t-. Theborder incident aggravated the situation. 'laadi8iL-'luduud ?azzam 3. zayyad(i tazyiid)t-. Scratchingwill aggravate the inflammation. ra'l-yzayyidaggravation _ I. ?izcaaj pl. -aat. Her naggingis asource of constant aggravation.masdarizEaaj mustamirr. 2. ta?azzum, tadahwur.aggravationof the situation may lead to war. ?ayta?azzum yimkin y?addi 'larub.ago _gabuJ. I was there two months ago. eint ihnaak,gabu ahre en.aago - gabuJ mudda. He left a while ago.raa'l gabuJ mudda.agony _ tmurmur, EaSaab. I can't bear this agony,ma-agdarhat-tumurmur.to agree - 1. ttijaq(i ttijaaq). Their opinionsnever agree. ?araa?hum?abadma-tittifiq.2. waafaq (i muwaafaqa)He agreed to buy theradio. waafaq ?an yitiri r-raadyo.to agree on _ ttifaq(i ttifaaq)We'veagreed on everything. ?i'lna ttifaqna to agree to _ waafaq (u muwaafaqa)Do youagree to these terms? twaafuq ha-uruut?to agree with - I. ttifaq(i ttifaaq) wiyya. Doyou agree withme? tittifiqwiyyaaya? 2.(i t-, (i t-. Thisweather doesn't agree with me at all. haj-jaww?abadan.agreeable - 1. sami'l. She has an agreeable dis-position. Eidha faddsami'l' 2.These terms are not agreeable.ma-maqbuuta.to be agreeable - waafaq (u muwaafaqa). Is heagreeable to that? huwwa ywaafuq calahaaoa?agre"ment _ 1. ttifaaqiyyapl. -aat. The agreementhas to be ratified by Parliament. l-ittifaaqiyyalaazimtitsaddaq min 2. ttifaaqpl. -aat. . The contract was extended by mutualagreement. l-muqaawala tmaddidat b-ittifaaqi.t-,tarafeen.to be in agreement - ttifaq(i ttifaaq).This is definitelynot in agreement with theoriginal terms of the contract. haaoa ma-yittifiqwiyya Are you in agreement with me? ?intamittifiqwiyyaaya?to come to an agreement -(a ttifaaq. came to an agreement on that point. ttifaaq haoiie agricultural - ziraaEi*.agriculture - ziraaEa. Inquire at the Department ofAgriculture. ib-wizaart iz-ziraaEa. -- Thereisn't much agriculture in this region. ma-akuhwaayaziraaEa qa.ahead - I. mitqaddim. He's ahead of everybody in hisstudies. huwwamitqaddim ib-diraasta.-- I'mway ahead inmy work. ?aani hwaayamitqaddim 2. gabuJ. Are you next? No, he'sahead 0 f me. hassasi raak? huwwa gab.Li.3. saabiq, gaaJub. My horse was ahead during therace.eaan gaaJub wakt is-sibaaq.4. giddaam, ?amaam. The soldiers marched ahead ofthe sailors in the parade. j-jinuudmiawgiddaamil-ba'l'laarastraight ahead - gubaJ, Go straight ahead.fuut gubaJ.toget ahead - tqaddam(a taqaddum). He doesn'tseemtoget ahead. ma-da-ybayyinyitqaddam.to go ahead - I. misa(i) Just go ahead,don't mind me. ?imsima-cleek minni.2. raa'l (u) gabuJ. You go ahead, I'll followyoulater. ruu'l gabJi, ?aanibaEdeen.3.stimarr (i stimraar), daawam(u mudaawama).Just go ahead with your work, don't let me stop you.alarmsti7llirr "Go ahead and take it'tfaaJ ?uxuSa."Go ahead and tell him. yaHa, or aid - 1. ?isEaaf pI. -aat. I gave himfirst aid.?isEaaf 2. musaaEada. Thatcountry received quite a bit of economic aid. stilmat ka7llmiyya kbiiraiqtiyya.to aid - saaEad (i musaaEada) t-, Eaawan(i muEaawana) t-. Can I aid you in any way??agdar asaaEdak ib-?ay tariiqa?aide _I. muraafiq. The Britishgeneral and hisaide went toIraq. w-muraafqa raazaw2. muEaawin pl.-iin, 7IlusaaEid pl. -iin. The minister consulted histop aides. istaaar ?akbar muCaawinii.ailing_ marii.b, wajEaan. She's always ailing. hiyyaEalaaim- I. gaayapl. -aat, pl.garapl. ?agraap, hadaf pl. ?ahdaaf. His aimis tobecome a good doctor. gaaytapabiib zeen.2. niiaan pl. nyaaiin. He took careful aimandfired. ?axab niiaan zeento aim- I. neean(i). He aimed at arabbit. neesan ?arnab. 2. nuwa(i niyya).What do you aimto do this afternoon? -tinwitsawwi3. wajjah (i tawjiih) t-.He aimed an insult at me. wajjah masabba "You're aiming too high1?intada-tuSrub or j-janna ?agrab orair - I. hawa. The air in this roomis bad. l-hawab-hal-gurfamuu zeen. 2. jaww. The meeting wassurrounded by an air of mystery. caanmU'laaj 3. jawwi*. Send us aletter by aIr mall. dizz-innamaktuub bil-bariidij-jawwi."He's continually puttingon airs. huwwadaa?iman yit?aahar jeer 'laqiiqta.to.be onair - baaE(i ?iSaaEa). ThepreSIdent WIll be on the air this evening.ra'l-ybiicto air - I. hawwa (i tahwiya) t-. Would youplease air the roomwhile I'mout? ?arjuuk hawwil-gurfa?akuun barra. 2. arr (u arr) n-.I have to aIr the blanket this morning.aurr air your personal problems In public. tn-naas air base _ qaaeida(pl. qawaaeid) jawwiyya.aircraft carrier - airfield_ majaar pl. -aat. Let's meet at the air-field.air force - quwwa(pl. -aat) jawwiyya.air line - xutuut jawwiyya, sarikat tayaraan.air mail - bariidjawwi. Send the package by aIrmail. dizz ir-ruzma bi ij-jawwi.airplane _ pl. -aat. How long does it takeby airplane? sgaddairport _ pl. -aat.air raid- gaara(pl. -aat) jawwiyya.air sick- "He gets air sick every time he flies. "-,,ufraytiir.aisle _ mamsapl. mamaai, mamarr pl. -aat. He had tostandin the aisle. ?tarr yoogafajar - 7Ilafkuuk wayya. The door was aj ar.caanat 7Ilafkuuka wayya.alarm- 1.?in8aar. Who turned in the alarm?minu dagg 2. xoof. She was fullof alarm. caanat kuLLhaxoof. 3. munabbih pI.-aat. Set the al armfor six. icas-saaEasi t taotoalar. - I. xarraE (i taxriiE) t-, fazzaz(i tafziiz) t-. Her screams alarmed the wholebuilding.xarraEkuLL iL-binaaya.2. awwa! (i taswii) t-. The news report alarmedalbumme.to be alarmed - xtirae(i). Don't be alarmed' alarmclock - saaea (pl. -aat) munabbiha.bought myself a newalarmclock yesterday.Stireet-h saaeamunabbiha)idiidal-baaq;a.album- ?alboompl. -aat. He gave me a photographalbum. ntaani ?alboom tasaawiir.alcohol -spiirtu. . The medicine has alcoholinit. d-dawa bii-- She started the firewith alcohol.in-naar biL-ispiirtu.Aleppo -alert - 1. mi tyaqqip, mi tnabbih. He's an alertfellow. huwwa Jadd waazid mityaqqip.on alert - taztThe defense ministerput the army on alert. waziir id-dijaaExaila)-)edta(;t iL- Yin6aar.to be on the alert - twaqqae(a tawacnuc), t(;appar(a ta(;a9pur). Be on the alert for a call fromme.twaqqae nidaa1minni.to alert - (;ap9ar(i ta(;piir) t-. They alerted usabout the coming of a storm. (;a.6.6iroona b-ma)ii1Eaa.sija.Alexandria - l-iskandariyya.Algeria - l-)azaa?ir.Algerian - )azaa?iri-.Algiers - madiinatalien- (m.) muqiim'la)nabi pl. muqiimiin 1a)aanib.(f.) muqiima?ajnabiyyapl. muqiimaat ?ajnaabiyyaat.alike - 1. jadd fadd sii. These tables areall alike.kuLLha fadd L 2. suwa.We treat all customers alike. ?i(;na ncaamilil-maeaamiil suwa.alive - 1. (;ayy, Eadd, tayyib. This fish is stillali ve. II. as-simca h-hassa zayya."The atmosphere was alive with tension. j-jawwcaan mas(;uun bi t-tawattur."This marsh is alive with snakes. kuLLa(;ayaaja. . .to be alive _ Ea)) (i). The pantry 1S al1vewith ants. yCij) bin-nami L.to keep alive _ 1. paLL (a) tayyi b. It's a wonderthey kept alive.paLLaw.tayybiin. .2. buqa (a baqaa?) Caayis. How can you keep a11veon this salary?tigdar tibqa3.(i) Eaayis. The doctorkept himalive for two weeks. .t-.tabiib xaLLaaEaayis isbuuEeen.all - 1. kuLL. Did you all go? kuLLku", ri ztu?This will upset all my plans. haaaa raz-yxarbu!kuLL-- The bread's all gone. kuLLa 2. !uuL. I've been waiting all day. da-anti6ir in-nahaar. 3. )amiiE.He took a vote ail the officers. ?axaa)amiic i-pabbaat."That's all. haa6a huwwa."Ifthat's all there is to it, I'll do it. ?i6araz-asawwiihaor ?i6a hiicira(;-asawwi iha."The captain's all for startingnow. l-qabtaan nibdi hassa."Heisn't all there. huwwamasxuut.all along _daa?iman. We've suspectedhimall along. ?iznacinna nsukk bii.all hours _ ?ay wakit. He comes home to lunch atall hours. yi)i yitgadda ?ay wakit caan.all in - The kids are all in fromplay-ing.talfaaniinall inall _sii sii. All in all, the mOVlewas good. sii cala limcaan zeen.all of a sudden - gafJa. All of a sudden itgot dark. paJma calagajla.allover _ makaan. They came fromallover.?i)awmin makaan. -- He traveledallover thecountry. saafar il-kull makaan 2. He trembled allover fromfright. ri)a! -- He has pimples allover his face Eindaib-kull wijja. 3. min jidiid. You haveto doit all over. itsawwiihamin jidiid.""He came back after the war was all over. rijaebaead-mantihat il-zarub.all right - 1. tamaam, maasi. Is everythingallright? kullsi maasi?or kuLLsi tamaam? l'dlike to go, all right, but it's impossible. tamaamariidaruuz, bass haa6a -- He knows why,all right. huwwa tamaamyueruj luwees or huwwa zeenyucruf2. .tayyib, zee"". All right, I'lldo it. tayyib, raz-asawwiiha or zeen, raz-asawwiiha.""Is that all right with you? ma-cindak maaniE?6all set _ zaapir, mitzappir. We were all set toleave. cinnamitzappriin inruuzall the better _ baEad azsan. If that is so, allthe better.hiici, baEad azsan.all the same - 1. fadd sii, najs is-sii. That'sall the same to me. kuLlha fadd sii bin-nisba 2. maEa haa6a,All thesame, you didn't have to do it. walaw, ma-caanitsawwiiha.all the time _ daa?iman, kull wakit.She's complaining all the 'time. hiyyakull wakitti Uakka.all told _sii sii. All told, he's not abad fellow. sii sii, huwwa xoosabove all _?ahammsii. Aboveall, don't get discouraged. la-tiftarEaziimtak.at all _ ?abad, ?abadan, bil-marra,Hehas no patience at all. maa cinda?abadan.inall _ kuLL bd-kuLL. Howmany are there inall? sgadd ?aku Allah -alley _ pl. daraabiin, cagidpl. cguud.alliance - ziLif pl. The two countnesformed an alliance.sakklawto allow- 1. simaz (a samaaz) n-. He won't allowthat. ma-yismaz ib-haaoa. -- He doesn't allowhim-self a minute's rest. ma-yismaz in-nafsawaladaqiiqa raaza. 2. zisab(i zsaab) n-. Howmuchwill you allowme for myoid car? beesraz-tizsibsayyaarti l-catiiga? 3.(i) t-. Howmuchshould I allowfor traveling expenses? sgadd is-safar? 4. (at-.not allowed to sell beer after midnight. ybiiEuun biira baeadallowance - 1. xarjiyyapl. -aat. Do you give yourson an allowance? tinti l-?ibnak xarjiyya?2. muxassasaat. In addition to the regular salary,there is"a 0 f Ii ving allowance. bi l-? i .oaaja?ilar-raatib ?aku il-maciisa.to make allowance for _ zisab(i) zsaab l-. You'vegot to make allowance for his inexperience.tizsib izsaabxibirta.ally - pl. zulajaa? They are our allies.humma toallyoneself -(a tazaaluj). Theyallied themselves with a neighboring country.wiyya jaddmujaawira.almond _pl. -aat colI. almost _ 1. taqriiban. I'malmost finished. ?aanitaqriiban2.' Eala waSak. We were almostready to surrender. cinnacalawasak 3.swayya. The glass almost broke when Idroppedit. inkisar ?illa swayya minwaggaEta.alms _ pl. -aat.alone _ 1. wazid. Do you live alone? tiskun wazdak?2. bass. You alone can help me. bass 9inta tigdaritsaaeidni.all alone _waziid. He seems to be all alone inthe world. ybayyin waziid bid-dinya.to leave alone _ jaaz (u) n- min, Eaaj (u). Leavethe radio alone! juuz imnir-raadyo or Euufir-raadyo.along _ 1. wiyya. Do you want to come along withme? triidtiji wiyyaaya?-- Howmuch baggage shouldI take along. sgadd aaxu8 wiyyaaya.2. b-muzaa6aat, wiyya. We walked along the rail-road tracks. mseena b-muzaa8aat siccat3. calab-jaanib,We have flowersplanted along the walk. Eidna ?awraadmazruuca4.wiyya. He parkedhiscar along the wall. waggaj sayyaartail-zaayi.t. 5. zibla. My wife is four monthsalong. marti 9arbaEtzibla.all along _1. daa?iman. I said so all along.cinit daa?imanhaa6a. 2. cala Fuul. We sawrabbits all along the road. sijna?araanib Ealatuul i t-tariiq.alphabet' baa?, ?aliij bee.alphabetical - zasabbee.already - 1. gabuf. Haven't you been through thisline already? ?intama.-cinit ib-has-siragabuf?2. no equivalent. They had already left when wearrived. caanawraayziin I've eatenalready. ?aani-- It's already time to eat.wakt-- Soyou'll already be there bythe time I arrive?raz-itkuun ihnaak ib-wakt7 angryThe pI ane wasp-piyyaara caanatofpaints forfaqa.t.maLaa?ika.his anger, he said a lotb-gaapa, gaaL ihwaayakabiiramniL-gahwa. 3. ",ajmuuEpI. majaamiiE.Add up these numbers and tell me the amount. ?ijmaEhaL-?arqaamw-guL-Lito amount to - 1. sawwa(i), (i). How muchdoes the bill amount to? gadd itsawwi2. suwa (a). He doesn't amount to much. huwwama-yiswaIii.to amputate - bitar(i batir) n-, (u n-,gi.taE(a gatiE) n-. The doctor amputated his leg.p-pabiib bitarrijia.amulet - Giriz pl. zuruuz.to amuse - 1. wannas (i) t-. That amuses me very much.haa8a ywannisni hwaaya. 2. Lahha(i) t-, saUa(i tas t-. He amuses himsel f by reading.yLahhi nafsa biL-iqraaya. 3. .baGGak (i ta.I:>Giik)t-. The comedian amused the audience. paGGakamusement - tasLiya,winsa. Heamusement only. yirsimLit-tasLiyaamusement tax - ariibat maLaahi.amusing - mumtiE. I read an amusing article ,n thepaper today. qreet mumtiE L-yoom.anarchist - fawawi pl. -iyyiin.anarchy - faw.8awiyya.analogous - maabih,analogy - tamaa8uL, taaabuh.analysis - taG Lid pl. -aat. 'They made a chemicalanalysis duringclass. sawwaw taGLiiL kiimyaawiwakt id-daris.to analyze - GaLLaL (i taGLiiL) t-. First of all,analyze the problem. ?awwaL hi, GaLLiiL-muskiLa.anatomical - talriiGi*.anatomy - 1. it-tasrii G. He studies anatomy atCairoUniversity. yidrus Eilmit-talrii Gib-jaamiEat il-qaahira. 2. tarkiib jismi. Wedissected the rabbit and studiedits anatomy.sarraGna l-?arnab w-dirasna tarkiiba j-jismi.ancestor - jiddpl. ?ajdaad, sala! pl.anchor - ?angar pl. ?anaagir. The boat lost itsanchor in the storm. paaE?ansar il-markabbi"Our boat lay at anchor in the harbor. markabnacaan raasi biiinaa?to drop anchor - I:>abb (i I:>abb) n- 1angar. Theship dropped anchor in the bay. L-baaxira I:>abbat9 angar biL-xaLiiJ.to weigh anchor - saaL(i seeLy n-- iL-?angar,rufaE(a rafuE) n- iL-?angar, jarr (u jan) n-iL-?angar. We weIghed anchor after the stormpassed.siLna baeadr-mamarrat il-Eaa;>ifa.to anchor - 1. risa(i rasu) n-. They anchoredthe ship out in the bay. risawibi L-xaLii] .2. 8abbat (i taebiit) t-. They anchored the tele-phone pole in cement. 6abbi t=famuud it- taLafoonbic-cibeentu."He stood there as ifhe were anchored to thespot. wugaf EabaaLak tmbasmar tb-mukaana.ancient - 1. qadiimpI. qudamaa? This is the palaceof the ancient kings of Babylon. haa8a qai>ir miLuukbaabil iL-qudamaa? 2. qadiim, Eatiig. Why didyou invest so much money in that ancient building?Gafteet haLgadd ifLuus EaLa 8iic iL-binaayaL-Eatiiga?-- I'mvery much interestedin ancientstatues. ?aani muuLaEbit-tamaaeiiLi L-qadi ima.and - w-. They sell books and stationery. ybiiEuunkutub w-qirpaasiyya.and so forth (or on) - w-ma ?albah, or?aaxirihi. I need paper, ink, and so forth. ?ariidwaraq, Eibir, w-ma ?albah.anesthetic - banJ.angel - maLak, maLaak pl.anger _ zaeaL. Inthings he didn't mean. ma-yiq!,udha.to anger - 1. ziEaL (a zaEaL),(aHe doesn't anger easily. ma-yizEaL2. zaEEaL (i tazEiiL) t-, ?ag.l:>ab (i ?igpaab). Hisremarks angered me. Gcaayaata zaEEaLatni.angle - 1. zaawiya pl. zawaaya. Measure each angleof the triangle. qiis kuLL zaawiya min zawaayaL-mueaLLae. 2. wijihpl. wujuuh, naaziyapl.nawaazi. We considered the matter fromall angles.bGaena L-mawpuuEmin kuLL iL-wujuuh. --angry - zaELaan, gappaan. I haven't seen himangryvery often. ma-liftazacLaan ?iLLa qaLiiL.to be angry - ziEaL (a saEiL), gipab (agapab).Please don't be angry with mel ?arjuuk i also _hammeen, 9ay9an. We also discussed thetest. w-hammeen ibGaena altar - miGraab pl. maGaariib (mosque), mabbaG pl.ma8aabi G(church or temple).toalter _ (it- b-, gayyar (i tagyiir)t- b-, (i taEdiiL) t-, (i ta;dii G) t-.The tailor is going to alter my suit. ib-qaapi.alteration - taEdid pI. -aat, tabdiiL pI. -aat,tagyiir pI. -aat,pI. -aat. The alterationsare free. -- We'll have tomake a fewalterations in the text of the speech.insawwi wayya tagyiiraatiL-xitaab.alternative - 1. xiyaar. They left us no alternative.ma-tirkoo-nna xiyaar. 2. caara. You'll have togo. TIlere's no alternative. itruuG. ma-akutaara. 3. geer. I don't see any alternativesolution.geer although - I'll be there, although I have verylittle time. raG-akuun ihnaak, waLawwaktipayyiq.altitude - rtifaaEpl. -aat, flying at a very high altitude.paayra EaLa rtifaaEaltogether - 1.ii, bi Altogether there are thirty books.kuLL biL-kuLL ?aku 8Laaeiin iktaab. 2. Eaamma. Al together, this plan is good. Eaammaseena. 3. fadd marra.These pricesaltogether too high. EaaLya bi L-marra. 4. tamaaman. You're al togetherright. ?inta tamaaman.aluminum- faafoon,always _ daa?iman, .tuuL I'malways at home.?aani daa9iman-- She's always been rich.hiyya caanat sangiina or **tuuL Eumurhacaanat sangiina.amateur - haawi pl. huwaat. For an amateur he paintsquite well. ka-haawi yirsimkuLh seen.to amaze - Eajjab(i taEjiib) t-. He amazed us withhis magic tricks. Eajjabna b-?aLEaaba s-siGriyya.to be amazed - stagrab(i stigraab). I was amazedat his lack of concern. stagrabit min Eadamihtimaama.amazing - Eajiib, ambassador - safiir pl. sufaraa?amher - kahrab.ambergris Eanbar.ambiguous - gaamip.ambiguity - gumuu.ambition - tumuuG' He has no ambition. ma-Einda.tumuu G.ambitious - tamuu G.ambulance - sayyaarat ?isEaaf. This man is hurtlCall an ambulancel mi tEawwir! xaabursayyaarat ?isEaaj!ambush - kamiin pl. -aat. They set up an ambush forhim.kamiin.to be ambushed - wigaE(a wuguuE) b-kamiin. Thepatrol was ambushed outside the village. d-dawriyyawigEat ib-kamiin xaarij "They ambushed the caravan. hijmaw America - ?ameerka, ?amriika.American - ?ameerki, '" ?amriiki, '" ?amriikaani'" pI.?amriikaan.Amman - Eammaan.ammunition - Eitaad, 8axiira, muuna.amnesia - daa? in-nisyaan, marap in-nisyaan.amnesty - Eafu Eaamm.among - 1. been. You're among friends. ?inta been -- Look among the paperslbaawic been -- 2. beenaat, been. We decidedit amongourselves. qarrarna beenaatna. -- There were manynice people among them. caan ?aku beenaathumawaadimihwaaya. 3. min. He's popular among mostof the people. huwwa maGbuub min ak8ar in-naas.4. EaLa. Pass the leaflets out among the crowd.wazziE i L-manaaiir5. wiyya, been, He Ii ved fouramong the Bedouins.Eaa ?arbaEisniinwiyya among other things - min iL-?ayaa?, minpimn i L-?alyaa? Among other things he collectsstamps. min iL-?alyaa? yjammiE pawaabiE.amount - 1. mabLag pl. mabaaLig. Write a check forthe full amount. ?iktib cakk2. kammiyya pl. -aat, miqdaar pl. miqaadiir. Webought a large amount of coffee. Itireena kammiyyaanimalminni. Are you angry at him?zaELaanEaLee? or ?intagapbaan EaLee?to make angry - zaEEaL(i tazEiiL), gaab(i tagiib). That remark must have made himveryangry.Laazimihwaaya zaEELata.animal - zaywaan pl. -aat. Don't feed the animals.LOr- PakkiL tL-zaywaanaat.Ankara - ?anqara.ankle - qadam.anniversary - 8ikra sanawiyya. The bank is celebratingthe anniversary of its foundation. L-pang dar-yiztijiLib-oikraa s-sanawiyya L-ta9siisa.to announce - I. oaaE(i ?ioaaEa). They announcedthe results on the radio. oaaEawin-nataa?ijbir-raadyo. 2. EiLan(i ?iELaan). They announcedtheir engagement last night. EiLnawxUFbathumiL-baarza biL-LeeL.announcement - I. bayaan pl. -aat. The governmentissued an announcement on their newpolicy.L-zukuuma bayaan Ean siyaasatha2. ?iELaan pl. -aat. An announcement of theirengagement was in the paper last night. ?iELaanxutbathumcaanL-baarza biL-LeeL. - muoiiEpl. -iin. The announcer has apleasant voice. L-muoiit Einda ziLu.to annoy _ ziEaj (i ?izEaaj) n-, ?azEaj (i ?izEaaj),(i tawiij) t-. He annoyed me all morning.?azEajni .tuu Li !,-!,ubuz.toget annoyed - nziEaj (i ?inziEaaj),(u oawajaan). I got very annoyed at her. nziEajitminha hwaaya.annoying - muztij. That's very annoying. haaoakunis muzEij.another _ I. Laax (f.) Lux (pI.) Luxra, Baani (f.)Baanya. Give me another cup of coffee please.nFiini jinjaan gahwa Laax rajaa?an. 2. geer,Baani. Showme another pattern. raawiini geertuj!,aaL. 3. baEad. I don't want to hear anotherword about it. ma-ard asmaE ciLma batadtanha.one another - I. waazidtaL-Laax. We depend onone another. nittimidwaazid taL-Laax. 2. waazidwiyya L-Laax. 1hose two are always fightingwithone another. haL-iBneen yittaarkuun waazid wiyyaL-Laax EaLa tuuL. 3. waazid biL-Laax. They don'ttrust one ma-yBiquun waazid biL-Laax.answer _I. jawaab pl. ?ajwiba. I'mwaiting for ananswer to my letter. jawaab iL-maktuubi.2. zan pI. zLuuL. Howdid you arrive at thisanswer? sLoon itwassaLit iL-haL-zaLL.to _ jaawab' (i mujaawaba) t-, radd(i radd)n-. He answered my question without any hesitation.jaawab taLa ?as?iLti biduun taraddud.ant _ namLa pl. -aat colI. namiL.antelope - gazaaL pl. gizLaan.antenna - ?eeryaL pl. -aat.anthem_nasiidpl. ?anaasiid. They played thenational anthembefore the game started. Eizjawin-nasiid iL-waFani gabuJ-ma yibda? iL-LiEib.antic _ tahriij pl. -aat. His antics were veryamusing. tahriijaata caanat ihwaaya tazzik.toanticipate _ twaqqaE(a tawaqqut). The attendancewas larger than we had anticipated.caanaw?azyadmin-ma twaqqaEna.antidote - duwa(pidd it-tasammum). What is theantidote for arsenic poisoning? sinu d-duwa piddit-tasammumimniz-zarniix?Antioch - ?antaakya.antique _ I .. tantiik. He bought a very expensiveantique watch. Stirasaatatantiika kuLLis gaaLya.2. qadiim. We visited some antique ruins yesterday.zirnaiL-?aaBaar i L-qadiima L-baarza.anxiety - qaLaq.anxious _ qaLiq. We spent several anxious minuteswaiting for their return. gpeenatiddat daqaayiqqaLqa rujuuthum.to be anxious - I.mustaaq. I'manxious to see the newbook. ?aani mitzammis asuujL-iktaab ij-jidiid. 2. qaLiq. He's very anxiousabout his future. huwwa qaLiq taLa mustaqbaLa.anxiously _ b-istiyaaq. They waited anxiously aboutan hour until the news came in.b-i!tiyaaq .awaaLi saaEa ?iLa ?an wu!'Lat L-axbaar.any _I. ?ay. Did you find any books there? Ligeet?ay kutub ihnaak?-- Any mechanic can fix that.?ay miikaaniiki yigdar y?aniZ haa8a. 2. hi.Don't eat any of it. La-taakuLhi minna.not ... any - ma- .... kuLL, ma- .... ?ay. 'Thereisn't any bread. ma-aku kuLL xubuz.anybody - I. ?aad. Was anybody at home? caan8?azzad biL-beet? 2. ?ay waazid. Anybody can dothat. ?ay waa.idyigdar ysawwi haalJa.**If he's anybody at all in this town, I'dknowhim. Law caan sax!,iyya b-haL-baLad, La-caanEirajta.**We can't take just anybody. ma-nigdar inEayyinyaahu c-caan.anyhow- taLa ?ay zaaL, taLa kuLL zaal. I would havegone anyhow. ?aani caanrizit, taLa kuLL zaal.anyone - ?azzad, ?ay waazid. If anyone needs help,send himto me. ?ilJa ?az.adyi.taaj musaatadadizzataLayya. -- Anyone can do that. ?ay waazidyigdar ysawwi haalJa.anything- ?ay sii, jaddsii, sii. Is there anythingfor me here? ?aku ?ay sii ?iLi hnaa?-- Did he sayanything? gaaL sii? or gaaL jadd sii?**1 wouldn't do that for anything. ma-asawwihaalJa mahma caan.**1 was anything but pleased with his work.ma-cinit mirtaa. min EamaLa ?abadan.anything but - kuLLsi bass. You can do anythingbut that. tigdar itsawwi kuLLsi bass haaoa.anyway - kuLL .aaL. She didn't want to comeanyway. ma-raadat tiji taLa kuLL zaaL. -- I didn'tgo anyway. ma-rizit taLa kuLL zaaL.anywhere - I. jadd mukaan, jadd mazaLL. Are yougoing anywhere today? raayiz jadd mukaan iL-yoom?2. ween-mao Anywhere you look there's dust.ween-ma tbaawiE?akutajaaj.not ... anywhere _ ma... ?ay makaan, ma ... ?aymazaLL. I couldn't find him anywhere. ma-gidarit?aLgaamukaan.**That won't get you anywhere. haalJi mar-raz-itwa,s;;Lak iL-jaddnatiiJa.apart - 1. mja,s!>ix. Is my watch still apart?saaEati Li-hassamja!,;;ixa? 2. mijtiriq. They wereapart for two weeks, caanawmijtirqitn iL-muddatisbuuEeen. 3. minja,siL. They've been living apartsince their quarrel. caanawEaaysiin minja;;Liinmin wakt iEraakhum. 4. EaLa zida. Let's considereach argument apart from the others. xaL-nunpurib-kuLL zijjaEaLa zida can iL-zijaj iL-uxra.**The two buses will leave five minutes apart.L-paa!,een yitLaEuun xamas daqaayiq waazid waraL-Laax.apart from this - ma-tada haay. Apart from this,he's a good man. ma-tada haay, huwwa xoos rijjaaL.apartment - siqqa pl. siqaq, ?apartmaan pl. -aat.We're looking for an apartment. da-ndawwir taLasiqqa.apartment house - Eimaara (pl. -aat) Lis-sukna.They're building an apartment house on our street.da-yibnuun Eimaara Lis-sukna b-saariEna.ape - saadi pl. swaadi, qirdpl. qiruud. We sawanape at the zoo. sijnajadd saadi b-zadiiqti L-zaywaanaat.apiece - kuLL waa.id, kuLLman. My brother and Iearned six dollars apiece. ?aani w-axuuyakuLL waazidsitt dooLaaraat.to apologize - FiLab (u FaLab) iL-taju, EtilJar(i EtilJaar), ttalJoar (a taEalJlJur). I apologize.?aFLub iL-tajuor ?aani ?attioir.to apologize to - tEaSSar (a) min, ?iLa, EtiSar (i)min, ?iLa. Did you apologize to her? EtiSarit?iLha?apology - EtiSaar pl. -aat, taEaSSur pl. -aat.apostrophe - EaLaamat (pl. -aat)EaLaamat(pl. -aat) iaaja.apostle - rasuuL pl. rusuL, zawaari pI. -iyyiin.apostolic - rasuuLi*. Could you direct me to theApostolic Legation? tigdar iddaLLiini r-rasuuLiyya.apparatus - jihaaz pl. ?ajhiza.apparent - mbayyin,waaiz. It's apparentthat he didn't understand the question. mbayyinma-jtihamis-su?aaL.apparently - taLa-mazasab-maHe hasapparently changedhis mind. faLa-mafikra.appeal - 1. stipl. - aat. The appeal was deni ed.L-i sti ?naaj irrujap. 2. ,taLab pI. -aat. The Uni tedNations got many appeals for help this year. L-?umamiL-muttazida stiLmat Eiddat taLabaat musaaEada has-sana. 3. jaaoibiyya. She'got a lot of sex appeal.Eidha jaaoibiyyajinsiyyahwa.aya.toappeal - 1. Eijab(i ?itjaabJ. It doesn'tappeal to me. ma-titjibni. 2. twassaL(a tawassuL). He appealed to the president topardon his son. twassaL imnir-ra?iis yitji tanhas a good2. ragbafor know-He left approxi-!ahar taqriiban.mismi!.93.(i The lawyerdecided to appeal the case. 4.(i (i During the flood, the countryappealed for help fromthe neighboringcountries. to appear _ 1. (i tbiyyin) t-. He appearedat the last moment. 2. tiLae tuLuuc) n-. This paper appears every kuLL xamiis. 3. piharpuhuur) n-. A ship appeared on the horizon.sifiina pihrat caL-?ufuq.appearance - 1. ouhuur pl.It'shis firstappearance on the stage.puhuura 2. pl.You have topay more attention to your appearance. Laazimtihtamm-- Appearances aredeceiving. L-mapaahir appendici tis _ Lti haab i L-mu;>raan L-aewar, Ltihaabiz-zaa?idad-duudiyya.appendix - 1.d-duudiyya,They took his appendix out when he wasfive years old. ga;>;>oo-Lad-duudiyyamincumraisniin. 2. muLzaq pl. muLaaziq.Perhaps it's 1n the appendix. yimkin

appetite - 1.pl. -aat. Our boyappetite. ?ibinnacinda zeena.pl.He has a tremendous appetiteledge. ragba biL-ciLim.appetizer -pl. appetizing _ musahhi*.to app1aude - ;>affag (11.t;>uffug) t-. Weapplaudedheartily.min applause _t;>uffug. They met h1mw1thapplause.bit-ta;>fiig.apple _ pl. colI. tiffaaz.appliance _ pl. We carryall kinds ofelectrical appliances. nitcaata iL-?ajhiza-- This place sells householdappliances. ybiic?ajhiza beetiyya.application _ 1. pl. -aat. Fill in thisapplication and forward it to the university. ?imLi w-dizzha 2.pl. He forwarded his application to themanager. LiL-mudiir. 3. pl.The application of his theory wasn'tpractical. na.8ariitacamaLi.4.pI.His application was rej ected.taLaba nrufa?;. 5. pI. qoot, tabaqa pi. You'll have to give it another application afterthis coat dries. qaapyeebis to apply - 1.(i taqdi im) t-. I'dlike toapply for the job. ?azibb2. t'abbaq (i tajbiiq) t-. You've applied this ruleincorrect 1y. tga?ap. 3. zaH(11. zapp) n-,(i sticmaaL). Apply a hot com-press every two hours. zupp zaarra kuLLsaaeteen. -- I had to apply all my strength.?;tarreet kuLL quuti. 4. (11. paJab) n-.My father applied for a loan. ?abuuya t'i?ab deen.5. zaH(11. n-,(i tx'iLLi) t-. Sheapplied another coat of polish to her fingernails.zap pat qaap ;>ubugcaLa6. (i umuuL) n-, npubaq (11.sira(iThis order applies to everybody.haL-?=ur yi!miL iL-kuLL.to apply oneself - bioaL(i baoiL) n- jahid. He'ssmart but he doesn't apply himself.ma-yibOiLto appoint _ (i taeyiinl t-. The ministryappointed five newengineers.cayyinat muhandisiin jiddad.appoint.ent _ 1. taeyiinpl. -aat. Congratulationson your appointment. t-tahaani caLa2. mawcid pl. I had to cancel allappointments for tomorrow. pparreet aLgi kuLL -- I have an appointmentwith him. cindi maweid tosake aDappointsent - twaacadImade an appointment with Ali for five-o-clock.t lIliyya appraisal _pI. -aat,pI. -aat. Acareful appraisal of the property showed thattaqdiir iL-muLuk ib-i'uura ...to appraise _ 1. zaLLaL (i tazLiiL) t-. We want youto appraise the situation and give us your opinion.Arabicnriidak iL-wapic 2. qaddar (i taqdiir) t-, 8amman (i taBmiin) t-.A broker's coming to appraise the house. fadddaLLaaL raz-yiji yqaddir iL-beet.toappreciate - 1. (11.) mimtann, mannuun. I wouldappreciateit, if you could come. ?akuun ?i8atiji. 2. qaddar (i taqdiir) t-. Shedoesn't appreciate what we've done for her.ma-da-tqaddir iLLi sawweena-Lh-iyyaa. He doesn'tappreciate good music. ma-yqaddir iL-muusiiqa 3. ciraf (11.) n-. I quite appreciate thatit can't be done overnight. ?aeruf zeen haaoama-yimkin yixLa;>yoom.appreciation - taqdiir pl. I don't expect anyappreciation. ma-atwaqqaetaqdiir. -- She hasno appreciation for art.appreciative - mamnuun. He doesn't seemveryappreciative. ybayyin caLee muu mamnuun.apprentice - ;>aanicpl.(tazt it-tadriib),EaamiL pl. EummaaL (tazt it-tadriib).approacb - 1. pl. madaaxiL. They're repair-ing the approaches to the bridge. da-y;>aLLzuun ij-jisir. 2. pariiqapl. puruq. Am Iusing the right approach? da-astaEmiL ip-pariiqas-saziiza?. to approacb - 1.(a tagarrub). Theyapproached the enemy's camp cautiously. tgarrbawmin iL-caduwwib-za8ar. 2.(i mufaataza) t-. I'mgoing to approach my bossabout a raise. raz-afattiz ir-ra?iis maaLi3. (i t-. Howwould you approach the problem? sLooni L-muni La?appropriate - munaasib, mLaa?im,This gift isvery appropriate. kuLLi! to appropriate - 1. (i My sonhas appropriatedall my ties. ?ibni stawLakuLL2.(i t=;>ii; t-. The cityhas appropriated fifty thousand dinars to build anewlibrary. L-baLadiyya xamsiin ?aLif jdiida.approval - muwaafaqa,You'll have to gethis approval on it. "This color will not meet her approval. caLa haL-Loon.on approval - !arpThey sentme the book on approval. dazzoo-Li EaLa

to approve - 1. waafaq (11. muwaafaqa) t-. Do youapprove of my suggestion? twaafuq caLa qtiraazi?He doesn't approve of his son stayingout lateat night. ma-ywaafuq ?ibnayit?axxar biL-LeeL.2.(i t-, waafaq (11.t-. The president approved the housing project.caLamasruuc iL-?iskaan. -- TheNational Assembly approved the newconstitution.L-majLis caLa d-dustuur ij-jidiid.approvingly - b-istizsaan. She nodded her headapprovingly. hazzat raashaapproximate - taqriibi*. The approximate speedofthe newplanes is six-hundredmiles an hour.s-surca t-taqriibiyya Lit'-t'iyyaaraat ij-jidiidasittmiit miiL bis-saaea.approximately - zawaaLi, taqriimately a month ago. saafar gabuJapricot - misimsaayapl. -aat colI.April - niisaan.apron -pI. -aat, ;;adaari.apt - 1.That was a very aptremark. haaoikuLLi 2. mll.ztamaL. I'mapt to be out when you call.mll.ztamaL akll.un barra Lamma txaabur'. 3. mni L-mitwaqqae. When he's drunk, he's apt to do any-thing. Lamma ykll.lI.n s akraan, imni L-mi twaqqae ysawwi?ay sii. 4. yjuuz. It's apt to be two 0' clockbefore we get home. yjull.z itkuun is-saaea8inteeniL-beet."He is an apt pupil. yiLgut biL-cajiL.Aqaba - L-caqaba.Arab - carabi * pl. carab.arabesque - 1. zuxruf. He's very good at arabesque.huwwa kll.LLis Zeen biz-zu.xrll.f. 2. zuxrll.fi*. There'sa beautiful arabesque engravingon the wall. ?akunaqis zll.xrufi jamiiL caL-zaayit.ArabLeague - j-jaamicaArabian Peninsula -L-carabiyya.Arabian Sea - L-bazrArabic - The arrowpoints north.2. niKaaba pl. -aatrabbit with an arrow.ArabistArahist - mustaKriq pl. -iin.Ara.aic - L-Luga L-?aaraamiyya.arch - paagpl. puug. That bridge has a tremendousarch. haoaak ij-jisirbii fadd paagfallen arches - fLaatfuut, ?aqdaa:m. musattaza. Hehas fallen arches. cindafLaatfuut.to arch - zina (i zinaa?) n-. The cat archedit'sback. L-bazzuuna zinatarched - mpawwag. The church's ceilingis arched.sagf iL-kaniisampawwag.architect - muhandis micmaari pl. muhandisiinmicmaariyyiin.architecture - handasa miCmaariyya.area - I. manpiqa pl. manaapiq. The area aroundBaghdadis densely populated. L-manpiqa zawaaLibagdaad kuLLiKmizdazma bis-sukkaan. 2. masaazapl. -aat. The area of the cityis four square miles.masaazt iL-madiina ?arbae ?amyaaL murabbaca.Argentina - L-?arjantiin.to argue - jaadaL(i mujaadaLa, jadaL) t-, naaqaK(i munaaqaKa, niqaaK) t-, zaajaj (i muzaajaja) t-.Don't argue with me. La-tjaadiLni. -- I won't arguethat point. ma-?ajaadiL caLa han-nuqpa. -- That'ssomething that can't be argued. haaoa fadd Kiima-yitjaadaL bii.to argue (with soaeone) - tjaadaL (a tajaaduL),tzaajaj (a tazaajuj), tnaaqaK(a tanaaquK). He'llargue with anyone about anything. yitjaadiL wiyya?aycaLa ?ay Kii kaan. -- They argue all thetime. yitjaadLuuncaLa puuL.arguaent - 1. zijjapl. ZlJaJ. They presentedveryconvincing arguments. qaddimaw ZlJaJ' kuLLlmuqnica. 2. pl. -aat, nizaac. It was justa small argument. fadd 3. Lagwapl. -aat, Lagaawi. We had a vIolentargument. beenaatna Lagwa.toarise - I.(aThe problemarosesome time ago. L-mukiLa pihrat2. gicad (ugucuud) n-. I arose SIXth,smorning. gicadit saaeasltta. 3. gaam(u goom). He arose fromhistheroom. gaamimniL-kursi maaLaw-tlrak 4. sinaz (a sinuuz). As soon as the opportunItyarises .. , ?awwaL-ma tisnazarith.etic - zisaab.ara _ 1. oraaepl. ?aoruc. He broke his arm. kisarioraaca. 2. yaddapl. -aat. The arms on thischair are too low. yaddaat haL-iskamLi kuLLi 3. sLaaz pl.AII.arms to .be turnedover to the police. kuLL lL-asLlza LaaZlmti tsaLLam LiK-Kur.ta.underara _ ?upuPpl. ?upaap. .under aras - tazt is-siLaaz. All ablebod,edmenwere under arms. kuLL ir-rijaaLiL-muqtadriintazt is-siLaaz.to be up inaras -.haaj' (i hayajaan). Everybodywas up in arms. kuLL waazid haayij,toara - saLLaz (i tasLiiz) t-. The companyarmedits guards. K-Karika saLLizat zurraasha.to be araed- tsaLLaz (a tsi LLi z). The police-man is always armed with a revolver. K-Kurpidaa?iman yitsaLLaz ib-musaddas. -- The gangisarmed.mitsaLLza.arachair - kursi ?abu yaddaat pl. karaasi ?ummahaatyaddaat.araistice- hudnapl. -aat.araor - 1. diric pl. druuc. These shells can'tpenetrate the heavy armor of a battleship.haL-qanaabiLdirciL-baarija L-zarbiyya.2.pl. -aat. Armor doesn't operate wellin this mountainous terrain. ma-tituguLseen ib-kaL-manpiqaaraored - Those tanks are heavily armored.kaaoi d-dabbaabaatkuLLi.aray - jeel pl. jyuuK. Did you serve in the army orthe navy? xidamit Loo biL-bazriyya?around - I. qariib. He lives right aroundhere.yiskun qariib min iknaa. 2. zamaaLi. I havearound twenty dinars. cindi zawaaLi cilriindiinaar. 3. daayir. He tiedthe rope around thebarrel. Laff iL-zabaL daayir iL-bar-mi i L 4. b-.There are some good movies around town this week.'aku fadd 'afLaamseena biL-wLaayakaL-isbuuc.**Is there anybody around? ?aku ?azzad iknaa?**The racetrack is a half mile around. farratis-saaza mi iL-toarouse - I. fassae(i tafsiis, tfissis) t-. Abarking dog arousedme in themiddle of thenight.10faddyinbaz fazzazni iL-LeeL.2. ?a8aar(i ?i6aara) n-. Her strange behavioraroused my suspicion. L-gariib ?a6aarlakki. 3. waeca(i twicci) t-. What time shall Iarouse you? s-saaea beel awaEciik?arrack - caraq.to arrange - I. (ut-, rattab(i tartiib) t-. Who arranged the books? minuiL-kutub? 2. rattab (i tartiib) t-. Theyarranged the roomin two hours. rattibawiL-gurfab-saacteen. 3. dastar(i ddistir) t-, dabbar(i tadbiir) t-, rattab(i tartiib) t-. I arrangedwith the guard to smuggle cigarettes to theprisoners. dastarithawiyya L-zaaris zatta jigaayir LiL-masaajiin.arrange.ent - tartiibpl. -aat, tadbiir pl. tadaabiir,ddistir. Howdo you like this arrangement? ycijbakkat-tartiib?arrest - ?iLqaa? The arrest was made at hishome. ?iLqaa? iL-qabup ib-beeta.under arrest - mawquuf, mwaqqaf. He's been underarrest for two days. imwaqqaf yoomeen.tohold under arrest - waqqaf (i tawqiif) t-.They held himunder arrest at the police station.waqqufoo b-markaz iK-Kurpa.toarrest - qubap (u qabup) n- caLa. Theyarrested himand released himon bail. qubpawcaLeew-fakkoo b-kafaaLa.arrival - wusuuL. His arrival caused a lot ofenthusiasm: wusuuLa sabbab zamaas ihwaaya.toarrive - I. (a wusuuL). When did the trainarrive? Kwakit iL-qipaar? 2. (aDid' they arriveat a decision? iL-fadd qaraar? 3. nwiLad(i). The babyarrivedat three this morning. P-PifiL inwiLadis-saaea tLaa6a s-subuz.arrow- 1. sahim?ashum.s-sakimy?alKir Lil-KimaaL.colI. niKaab. He killed theqitaL iL-?arnab ib-niKaaba.arsenic -art - fann. He knows a lot about art. yucruf ikwaayacan iL-fann. -- There's an art toit. yriid-iLkafadd fann.work of art - qipca(pl. qipae) fanniyya. Thisbuilding contains many works of art. kaL-binaayatizwi qipaefanniyya kwaaya.art gallery - matzaf (pl. mataazif) finuun.arthritis - Ltikaabarticle - I. maqaaL' maqaaLa pl. -aat. There was agood article about it in the newspaper. ?akumaqaaL zeencannabij-jariida. 2. maadda pl.mawaadd. Please read article three of the con-stitution. rajaa?an iqra L-maadda 6-6aaL6amnid-dastuur. 3. Iii pl. ?aKyaa?, maaddapl.mawaadd. Many valuable articles were stolen. kwaaya?asyaa? 6amiina nbaagat.definitearticle - ?adaat it-taeriif.artificial - Are those flowers artificial?haL-warid istinaaei? -- She has an artificial smile.cidhaartillery - madfaeiyya.artist - fannaan pl. -iin. He IS a famous artist.kuwwa fannaan malkuur.as - I. caLa-ma. Leaveit as it is.caLa-ma kiyya. 2. mi8iL-ma. Do as you please.sawwi mi8iL-maycijbak. -- Everything stands as itwas. kuLLsi baaqi mi8i L-ma3. caLa, zasab.He's late, as usual. zasb iL-caada.4. maadaam, Li-?an. As he is leaving tomorrow,we must hurry. maadaam maaliLaazimnistaejiL. 5. w-. Did you see anyone as you camein? sifit ?azzadw-inta6. ka-, mi8iL.I thinkof himas a brother. ?aetabra ka-?ax. --He usedhis coat as a pillow. staemaL sitirta 7. b-. His house is as big as ours.bee ta b-kubur bee tna.**1 work as a clerk for them. ?astuguL kaatibCidkum.**1 regardit as important. ?aetabramukimm.as far 88 - 1. L-zadd. The train goes as far asNasriyya. L-qitaar yruuZ iL-zadd2. zasab-ma, tala-mao As far as I can see, he'sright. zasab-ma asuuf, kuwsa3. caLamadd. The fields extend as far as you can see.L-mazaaric timtaddcaLa madd as far a8he's concerned - bin-nisba?iLa, minnaaziit-. As far as he's concernedit'sall right.bin-nisba ?i La, zeena.11as for - ?amma, min taraf, bin-nisbaminnaziit-. As for him, it'sall right. ?anuna huwwa,ma.-tinda maanic.as if -ka.-?an. He acts as if he werethe director himself. iL-mudiir nafsa.as soon as - Let me knowassoon as you get here. xabburni ihnaa. .as yet -baEad.Nothing has happened as yet. sii 'asbestos - ?azbast, spasto.ascetic - mitzahhid, mitnassik.asceticism- tanassuk, tazahhud.to be ashamed - 1.(aDon't beashamedof this job. min has-suguJ.2. xt.iza(i xizi). He's not ashamed of anything.ma.-yixtizi min ?ay sii. 3. staza(i mistaza). Hewas ashamed to showhis grades to his father. stazayraawi darajaataash can - tanakat (pl. -aat)asbes - rumaad.ashore - L We weren't allowed togo ashore. ma.-caanmasmuuz-inna ashtray -pl. -aat,pl. -aat.Asia Minor - ?aasyaaside - jiha. I have to put a littlemoney aside for the trip.swayya aside from- 1. b-ga99 in-na9ar can. Aside from thepaint, it's a good car.in-napar can i;S-;subughiyya xoos sayyaara. 2. ma.-cada. Aside fromthat,I have nothingelse to add. ma.-cada haaba, ma-cindisii ?a.ii!a.toask - 1. si?aL(an-. I'll ask himrightaway. Ask at the ticketoffice in the railroadstation. ib-sibbaacbeec it-ta8aakir2. (u n-. He asked for help.musaacada.3.(u taLab) n-, raad(i reed) n-. Howmuchdid he askwashing the car? sgadd gasJ is-sayyaara?asleep - 1. naayim. 1must have been asleep.cinit naayim. 2. xadraan, My leg'sasleep. rij xadraana.tofall asleep - gufa(i gafu). I fell asleepabout three gufeetis-saaEa

aspect - 1. naaziyapl. nawaazi. We studied theproblemfrom every aspect. dirasnaminnawaaziiha. 2. pl.This isone of the aspects of Iraqi life. haaa mahar min .asphalt - giir, zifit,aspirin - ?aspiriinapl. -aat colI. ?aspiriin.ass -pl. zmaar pl. zamiir.toassassinate -(agtiyaaL). His formerfriends assassinated him. ?a;sdiqaa?as-saabqiin

assault - 1. hujuumpl. -aat. The assault on theisland began at five 0' clock. caj-jaziirabtidat is-saaEa xamsa. 2. tacaddi. He was chargedwith assault. ntihambit-taEaddi.toassault - 1. tcadda (a taEaddi). That manassaultedme. tcadda8aak 2. hijam (i hujuum) n-haajam(i muhaajama).They assaulted the enemy position with everythingthey had. hijmaw mawqictidhum.to assemhle - 1. tjammaE(a tajammuc), (aThe pupils assembled in the auditorium. itjammEaw biL-qaaEa. 2. jtimae(i jtimaaE), tjammae (a tajammuC). The lawyers willassemble to discuss the case tomorrowmorning. raz-yijtamEuun iL-bazt! bukra 3. jimae(a jamic) n-. You'll have togive me enough time to assemble the information.wakit kaafi zatta ?ajmaE4. rakkab (u tarkiib) t-. Heassembles airplane engines. yrakkub makaayin.tayyaaraat.assemhly - 1. jamaaEa pl. -aat, zasidpl. zusuud,jamhuur pl. jamaahiir. He spoke before a largeassembly of lawyers.giddaamjamaaea cbiira 2. jamEiyyapl. -aat. The GeneralAssembly of the UnitedNations rejectedthe proposal.j-jamEiYyarufatiL-iqtiraaz. 3. qisimpl. 'laqsaam, JUBU'l pl.at'lajzaa? We'll have to remove this entire assembly.

assembly line - xatt tarkiib, tajmiic. I work onthe line in an automobile factory.lb-xatt It-tarkiibi s-sayyaaraat.to assign - 1. cayyan(i taEyiin) t-, nita(i nati)n-. The teacher assigned us a composition. . ?insaa? 2. (i taxsiis)t-, cayyan(i taEyiin) t-. He assigned twotoguard the prisoner. i iassignment - 1. waiifa pl. waaayif, waajib pl.-aat. Our teacher gave us a difficult assignment.waajib 2.pl. -aat,wapllfapl. wapaaytf, muhimma pl. mahaamm. The bossgave me an interesting assignment. intaani!add sagLa3. tawziicpI. -aat, taEyiinpI. -aat, taqsiimpI. -aat. The assignment of jobsonly took ten mInutes. tawziic?axa8casir daqaa?iq.toassist.- saaead(i musaaEada), caawan(i mucaawana).Who aSSIsted you? minu caawanak?- musaacada pl. -aat, mucaawana pl. -aat.He dId It wIthout any assistance. sawwaaha musaaeada. - musaaEidpl. -iin, mucaawin pl. -iin. - zamltL pl.rafiiq pl. rufaqaa?He's been my associate for many years. zamii sniin ihwaaya. .associate judge - naa?ib zaakimpl. nuwwaabzukkaam.associate member - musaanidpl. ?aE8aa?musaanidiin. .associate professor - ?ustaa musaaEidpl.?asaatiamusaaEidiin.toassociate - 1. (i (i wiyya, caasar(i cusra, mucaasara),tcaasar (a tacaasur). He doesn't like to associatewith them. ma.-ytijba2. rabatrabut) I always' associate big withpeople. ?aani daa?iman ?arbut caLaaqa beenls-sayyaaraat ic-cibiirawi z-zanaagi in."He was associated with themfor ten years.caanatwiyyaahummin casr isniin.association - 1. jamEiyya pl. -aat. I don't thinkI'll join the association. ma-actiqidraz-astirikbij-jamEiyya. 2.pl. -aat. I wouldn't ever makethat particular association. ?aani ?abad ma-asawwiiic assorted - mnawwaE. I want one kiloofassortedchocolates. ?ariidcuHeet imsakkaLassortment - -aat. They've got a largeassortment of tIes. cidhum cbiiramni taoto 1. twaqqaE(a tawaqquc), qaddar(t taqdllr). I assume that he'll be there too.raz-ykuun ihnaak ?aypan. -- I assume thepncewill be less than twenty dinars. ?aqaddirlS-Stclr ykuun 'laqaLL min cisreendiinaar.2. tzammaL (a I can't assume anyresponsibility for what happened. ma-agdar?ay mas'luuLiyya can saar. 3. t8aahar(a tapaahur). Don't assume such air of in-niyya.. 4. fura? (u farap)n-. For let s assume bIrds can't fly.xaLLt nu!rup tt-tiyuur ma-tigdar ittiir.assurance-. taeahhudpl. -aat,pl. -aat. Hegave me hIS assurance that he'd pay. ntaanitaEahhud raz-yidfaE. .toassure - 'lakkad (i ta'lkiid) t-, tcahhad(a taEahhud).He assuredus that he would be there. ?akkad-innaraz-ykuun ihnaak.asthma - tanagnifas, iignifas, rabu.at - 1. b-. I'll wait for you at the entrance.raz-antaprak-- I didit at his request.sawweetha b-ragubtaor sawweetha zasab ragubta. __The children are at school.bi--It happened at night.-- Hecame ato'clock. ?ija bit!-t!iLaat!aor jaa bte-t!lor J'aa s-saaEa2. Cind,ctd. We at the taIlor's. cinnacind .. I met hImat the dentist' s. Cid tabiib'd-'lasnaan. 3. min. I was astonished at the sizeof themin kubr 4. haven t arrIved at a decision yet. fadd qaraar5.HeaImed at the target. neesan 6. mln. . Don't get angry at me. or minni.She is very attractive.2. mugri. He made me aEiraf EaLayya fadd Earipatheismat all -biL-marra. Ihaven't got any money at all. ma-Eindi fLuus orma-EindiifLuus.at all costs -aaman. We must get it at allcosts. LaazimnaaxbaBaman.at first - bi L-bi daaya, biAt first we didn't like the town. biL-bidaayama-zabbeena L-wLaaya.at last -bit-taaLi, taaLiiha. He cameat last. jaa.at least _1.There were at least ahundred people present. miit.waazid2.At least, ment10nmy name to him.at aost - sii. At most the bill will cometo twenty dinars. siiiL-Eisriindiinaar.at once - 1. zaaLan, hassa. Do it at once.sawwiiha zaaLan. 2. b-faddwakit, b-faddmarra.I can't do everythingat once. ma-agdar asawwi kuLLsib-faddmarra.at that - b-has-sikiL, Eind haL-zadd, EaLa-mahuwwa. Let's leaveit at that. xaL-niturkab-has-siki L.at tiaes - dooraat, noobaat, marraat.At times I'mdoubtful. dooraat at will - miBiL-mayriid, zasab-ma yriid, b-keef-They come and go at will. yirZuunw-yijuunmiBiL-mayirduunor **yisra7.uun w-yimrazuun.atheisa -atheist - muLzidpl. -iin.athlete -pl. -iyyiin.athletic - athletics - .Atlantic - L-muziitatlas - ?apLas pl.' ?apaaLis. We're going to take theatlas with us on the'trip. raz-naaxuo wiyyaana bis-safra.ataosphere - jaww. The atmosphere contains oxygen.yiztiwi EaLa-- We work in a verynice atmosphere. nistuguL ib-jawwkuLLis zeen.ataospheric - jawwi*.atoa _ oarra pl. aat. We live in the age of the atom.nEiis ib-Easr io-oarra.atoaic - oarri *.atrocity - jariima pl.The enemy committedmany atrocities during the war. L-Eadu rtikabihwaayaiL-zarub.toattach - 1. sakkaL(i taski i L) t-. Pleaseattach the envelope to the letter with a pin.sakkiL ip-paruf biL-maktuub ib-dambuus.2. rufaq(i ?irfaaq) n-. Don't forget to attachapicture with your application. La-tinsatirfiqsuurab-EariiStak. 3. zijaz(i zajiz) n-. We canhis if he doesn't pay up. nigdarnizjiz raatba ?ibama-yidfaE. 4. EaHaq(i taELiiq) t-. You attach too much importance tomoney. tEaLLiq ?ahammiyya hwaaya EaL-ifLuus.to be attached to - tEaLLaq (a taEaLLuq) b-. I'vebecome attached to this child.tEaLLaqitib-hat-tifiLor sirit,mitEaLLiq ib-haP-PifiL.attachi -' muLzaq pi. -iin.attached- miUiZiq. He's attached to the embassy.huwwamiLtiziqbis-safaara.attacbaents - 1. muLzaq pl. -aat. I bought a vacuumcleaner with all its attachments. stireet muknaasakahrabaa?iyyawiyya kuLL muLzaqaatha. 2. muraffaqpl. -aat. There are five attachments to the letter.?aku xamas muraffaqaat wiyya L-maktuub.attack- hajma pl. -aat colI. hujuum. The attack wasbeaten back. L-hajrnanraddat.toattack - 1. hi jam(i hajuum) n-. They attackedthe castle in the middle of the night. hijrnawEaL-qaLEa iL-LeeL. 2. haajam(i muhaajama)t-. He attacked themin the newspaper. haajmo0 humbij-jariida. 3. tnaawaL(i tanaawuL). Let'sattack this problemfroma slightlydifferent angle.xaLLi nitnaawiL haL-muskiLamin jihatixtiLifiswayya.heart attack- sakta(pl. -aat) qaLbiyya. Hedied froma heart attack. maat bis-sakta L-qaLbiyya.atteapt - muzaawaLapl. -aat. At least make an attempt'EaL-?aqaLLfadd muzaawaLa.to atteapt - zaawaL(i muzaawaLa) t-. Don'tattempt to do too much at one time. La-tzaawiLitsawwi 'asyaa' ihwaaya b-faddwakit.toattend - 1.(an-. Did you attendthemeeting? zi part i L-ijtimaaE? 2. daawalll(u t-. I attended business school.12daawamit ib-madrasat tijaara. 3. raajaE(i muraajaEa) t-, EaaLaj (muEaaLaja) t-. Whatdoctor attended you? yaa pabiib raajaEak?toattend to - baasar(i mubaasara), EaaLaj'(i EiLaaj, muEaaLaja) t-. I still have some thingsto attend to. baEad EindiLaazim

attendance - zuSuur. Attendance is compulsory.L-zuSuur attention - ntibaah. I tried to attract his attention.zaawaLit intibaaha.to call attention - Lifat (i Lafit) n- I've calledattention to that repeatedly. Lifatitin-naSar is-oaak Eiddat marraat.to pay attention - ntibah(i ntibaah), daar(i door-a) baaL-. Please pay attentionl min attentively - b-intibaah. The children listenedattentively. b-intibaah.attitude - 1.pl. I don't likehisattitude in class. ma-yiEjibni wapEa bi!i-!iaff.2. mawqif pl. mawaaqif, wajhat (pl. -aat) napar.1don't understand your attitude towards religion.ma-da-aftihimmawqifak imnid-diin.attorney - muzaami pl. -iin. Who's your attorney?minu mUlaamiik?toattract - 1. jaab (i jeeb) n-. What's attractingthe flies here? s-da-yjiib io-oabbaan ihnaa?2. jiSab(i jaoib) n-. Magnets attract nails.L-magaanip tijSib iL-ibsaamiir. 3. jiLab (i jaLib)n-. Be quiet' You're attractingattention. da-tijLib in-napar.attraction - 1. jaaoibiyyapl. -aat. The attractionof the moon causes the tides. jaaoibiyyat iL-gumarysabbib iL-maddwij-jazir. 2. mugri pl. -iyyaat. What'sthe big attraction around this town? sinu L-mugrib-haL-wLaaya?attractive - 1. jaooaab.hiyya kuHis jaoSaaba.very attractiveoffer.kuHUmugri.auction - mazaad pl. -aat.audience - L-zaapriin. The audience was enthusiastic.L-zaapriin mitlammsiin.August - ?aab.aunt - (paternal) Eamma pl. -aat, (maternal) xaaLapI. -aat.Austria - n-namsa.Austrian - namsaawi*pl.authentic - 1. laqiiqi*. He wrote an authenticaccount of the war. kitablaqiiqi LiL-zarub.2. ?a;;Li*, laqiiqi*. This is an authenticBabylonian vase. haaoi mizhariyya baabiLiyya author - 1. pl.He always wanted tobe an author. yriidy!iiir mU'aLLif.2. pl. The primeminister is theauthor of the plan.;;aazib haL-xitta.authorities - ;;uLtaat, maraajiE. The local authoritiescondemned the building. ;;-;;uLtaat iL-mazaHiyya'umrat ib-hadmiL-binaaya.authority - 1. pl. -aat, taxwiiL-aat.He has no authority to sign the check.saLaaliyyaywaqqiE -- Doyou have the to sign this contract for him? EindaktaxwiiL itwaqqiEEanna haL-Eaqid? 2. ;;uLtapl.-aat. The police have no authority over diplomats.s-surtama-Eidha suLtaEad-dibLurnaasiyyiin.3. lujjapl. luj;"j. He's an authority on theKoran. huwwa zujjatoaut.orize - xawwaL(i tazwiiL) t-. Who authorizedyou to spend that money? minu xawwaLak tU!irufhaL-ifLuus?authorized - mxawwaL pl. -iin. He's authorized tosign the receipts. huwwamxawwaL ywaqqiEi L-wusuuLaat.autoaatic - 1. musaddas pl. -aat, warwar pl. waraawir.Officers carry automatics. p-pubbaap saayLiinmusaddasaat. 2. 'ootoomaatiiki*. Is this anautomatic pump? haL-mapaxxa 'ootoomaatiikiyya?autoaatically-'ootoomaatiikiyya, b-Layya SuEuur. He picked upthe phone automatically. saaL it-taLafoontiauto.ohile - sayyaara pl. -aat.autopsy - tasriiz pl. -aat.autuan - xariif. I hope to stay through the autumn.'at?ammaL 'abqan-nihaayat iL-xariif.available - 1. aawjuud. They used all availableHe has a good average intelligence.13cars.is-sayaaraat --Is this pen available in red?mawjuud ?aomar? 2. jawwaI have twohouses available. Eindi bee teen jawwa 3. faarig. When will the director be available?swakitykuun jaarig? 4. maysuur,mityassir. Vegetables are available in the market.mityassira bis-suug.aveoue - saariEpl. sawaariE.average - 1. pl. -aat.average in school. Einda xoos2. mustawa Etiyaadi. He's ofmustawa oakaa?a Etiyaadi.00 the average -I go to the movieson the average of once a week. ?aruuo Lis-s