DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 9: KEY ISSUE 4 p. 328-340 Vocab: 16-21; 47-48; 54-62 Notes: p. 5-6

DO NOW: Key Issue 4 Vocabulary Highlight the following terms for KI 4:

16-21; 47-48; 54-62 DO NEXT: Key Issue 4 Vocabulary Open up to p. 5 in your notes.

Name: _______________________________________ Period: _______ Score: _____ / 15 points

OPERATION: DEVELOP AN LDC

Prompt: Which is better to help a nation develop: self-sufficiency or international trade? If you were the president of one of the nations below, which would you choose? Why? Directions: Choose a country to economically develop. You will need to follow either the self-sufficiency approach, or the international trade approach (i.e. Rostow’s Model). Additionally, you can choose to use microfinance and/or fair trade to foster economic development. Afghanistan Pakistan Bangladesh Yemen Somalia Sudan Mali

HDI score 0.468 (ranked 169)

0.537 (ranked 146)

0.558 (ranked 142)

0.500 (ranked 154)

0.364 (ranked 165)

0.473 (ranked 166)

0.407 (ranked 176)

Life expectancy 60.95 years 66.57 years 70.66 years 63.11 years 55.05 years 62.06 years 55.03 years

Avg years of schooling 3.21 years 4.73 years 5.07 years 2.51 years n.a. 3.14 years 1.99 years

GNI per capita $1,903.66 $4,651.64 $2,713.09 $3,945.18 n.a. $3,428.12 $1,499.38

Resources

gold, copper, lithium, uranium, iron ore, cobalt, natural gas, oil

natural gas, some oil, hydro power potential, coal, iron ore, copper, salt

fertile soils, natural gas, timber, coal

Main: oil, natural gas Some: coal, gold, lead, nickel, copper

uranium, iron ore, tin, gypsum, copper, salt, natural gas

petroleum, copper, iron ore, silver, gold, tungsten, zinc

gold

Government unstable, but democracy starting

democracy, struggling to control domestic insurgents

democracy, uses international development aid

transitioning gov’t after Arab Spring uprisings

transitional gov’t after 20 years without one

dictatorship collapsing since 2012, fragile gov’t

Circle your choice: Self-Sufficiency International Trade Justify the reason for your choice. (5 points) __________________________________________________________________________________

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Operation: Develop an LDC

Wednesday, November 28 Learning Goal I can explain how Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth Model and Wallerstein’s World System Theory help explain spatial variations in development.

Self-Sufficiency Model

•  encourages dev. through domestic production of goods and discourages foreign ownership of businesses – gov’t protects businesses from international competition – popular in 20th c.

•  Ex: high taxes, quotas on imports, licenses for importers, invest in all sectors of economy in all regions of country

International Trade Model

•  country uses its unique economic assets to develop (i.e. exports, expanding local industries) – a.k.a. “Rostow’s Stages of Growth Model” – popular in late 20th c.

•  Ex: elite invest in tech ! diffuse innovation to industry ! shift from industrial to consumer goods

Elements of Rostow’s Model W.W. Rostow U.S. economist in 1950s-1960s – believed economic takeoff must initially be led by a few sectors Examples Four Asian Dragons: manufactured goods South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong Arabian peninsula: petroleum

16 Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth Model a model of economic development that describes a country’s progression in five stages, transforming them from an LDC to an MDC

Ex: Four Asian Dragons and Arabian peninsula states

17 Traditional Society not yet started to develop – agricultural and non-productive workers (religion, military)

Ex: comparable to Stage 1 of DTM ! agricultural society

18 Preconditions for Takeoff elite initiate economic activity and invest in tech and infrastructure to stimulate an increase in productivity

Ex: infrastructure = water supplies, transportation systems

19 Takeoff rapid growth in a few economic activities (i.e. “takeoff industries”) – other sectors of the economy are still primary sector

Ex: textile factories or food products

20 Drive to Maturity modern tech diffuses to many industries – those industries then experience rapid growth – workers become more skilled, specialized

Ex: new electronics industries, etc. and more secondary sector workers

21 Age of Mass Consumption

economy shifts from production of heavy industry (i.e. steel) to consumer goods (i.e. refrigerators)

Ex: shift from: steel and energy industry ! shift to: cars and refrigerators

Problems & Criticisms 22 Neocolonialism

economic control that MDCs have over LDCs by setting

econ policies or using power to put LDCs out of business

Ex: MDCs control the IMF, which sets economic policies for LDCs

Problems & Criticisms uneven resource distribution – prices don’t always increase – leads to increased dependency on MDCs – cut back on goods necessary for own people Ex: Zambia has a lot of copper, but prices declined globally; 2008 recession hurts demand for products; country buys more exports

Homework THURSDAY Read: Chapter 9, KI 4

Vocab: #16-21; 47-48; 54-62

FRIDAY Europe Map Quiz

DO NOW: Binders Open up your vocabulary and take out notes p. 5. DO NEXT: Google Classroom Charge up your computers for work time with your LDC teams.

Thursday, November 29 Learning Goal I can explain how Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth Model and Wallerstein’s World System Theory help explain spatial variations in development.

Which path to development is best? Self-Sufficiency Model

p. 328-330 Rostow’s Model

p. 329-330

47 World Trade Organization (WTO) promotes int’l trade by reducing barriers to movement of money by banks

Ex: eliminate trade barriers, negotiate trade agreements

48 World Bank UN financial institution that provides aid to NICs

Ex: fund infrastructure projects through development loans (dams, highways)

54 Microloans (or microfinance) Provision of small loans to individuals and small businesses in LDCs Ex: Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, Kiva

55 International Monetary Fund (IMF) work to economically stabilize countries, promote cooperation Ex: stabilize currency rates, rebuild int’l reserves, pay for

imports

59 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country

Ex: grew rapidly in 1990s; not evenly distributed (China, Brazil, Russia, Singapore); transnational corporations are major source of FDI

Name: _______________________________________ Period: _______ Score: _____ / 15 points

OPERATION: DEVELOP AN LDC

Prompt: Which is better to help a nation develop: self-sufficiency or international trade? If you were the president of one of the nations below, which would you choose? Why? Directions: Choose a country to economically develop. You will need to follow either the self-sufficiency approach, or the international trade approach (i.e. Rostow’s Model). Additionally, you can choose to use microfinance and/or fair trade to foster economic development. Afghanistan Pakistan Bangladesh Yemen Somalia Sudan Mali

HDI score 0.468 (ranked 169)

0.537 (ranked 146)

0.558 (ranked 142)

0.500 (ranked 154)

0.364 (ranked 165)

0.473 (ranked 166)

0.407 (ranked 176)

Life expectancy 60.95 years 66.57 years 70.66 years 63.11 years 55.05 years 62.06 years 55.03 years

Avg years of schooling 3.21 years 4.73 years 5.07 years 2.51 years n.a. 3.14 years 1.99 years

GNI per capita $1,903.66 $4,651.64 $2,713.09 $3,945.18 n.a. $3,428.12 $1,499.38

Resources

gold, copper, lithium, uranium, iron ore, cobalt, natural gas, oil

natural gas, some oil, hydro power potential, coal, iron ore, copper, salt

fertile soils, natural gas, timber, coal

Main: oil, natural gas Some: coal, gold, lead, nickel, copper

uranium, iron ore, tin, gypsum, copper, salt, natural gas

petroleum, copper, iron ore, silver, gold, tungsten, zinc

gold

Government unstable, but democracy starting

democracy, struggling to control domestic insurgents

democracy, uses international development aid

transitioning gov’t after Arab Spring uprisings

transitional gov’t after 20 years without one

dictatorship collapsing since 2012, fragile gov’t

Circle your choice: Self-Sufficiency International Trade Justify the reason for your choice. (5 points) __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Operation: Develop an LDC

Homework FRIDAY Europe Map Quiz

DO NOW: BINDER ✓ Open up your binders to your vocabulary and take out notes p. 6.

Vocab: #16-21; 47-48; 54-62 DO NEXT: RECITE & REVIEW Review the vocab & questions with a neighbor. Make sure to give good examples.

Friday, November 30 Learning Goal I can compare Rostow’s and Wallerstein’s economic development models in a practice FRQ.

Elements of Wallerstein’s Theory Immanuel Wallerstein • U.S. sociologist and world-systems analyst who

studied post-colonial African affairs •  Influenced by Karl Marx and dependency theory World System Theory • Views the economic system as a whole, in which the

periphery relies on the core

23 Wallerstein’s World System Theory views the economic system as a whole, in which the periphery relies on the core – interdependent system of countries, connected politically and economically

Ex: core, semi-periphery, periphery

24 Core use resources of the periphery, high per capita income, high standard of living

Ex: Western Europe, Japan, US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand

25 Semi-Periphery added to model recently – gaining in development but still lack political importance of the core

Ex: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong and other NICs

26 Periphery low levels of economic productivity, low per capita incomes, low standard of living, lack infrastructure

Ex: LDCs (i.e. Sub-Saharan Africa, Central America)

27 Dependency Theory even as LDCs make economic advances, they remain weak and subservient to core nations and corporations

Ex: core gets rich at the expense of the periphery

Criticisms of Wallerstein’s Theory • Too focused on economy, not enough on culture • Does not take into consideration the rise of globalization and new emerging transnational business forces

How many points is this FRQ worth? Rostow’s five-stage model of economic growth and the core-periphery concept of Wallerstein’s three-part world system theory are two of the more common economic development models. A.  Identify and compare three differences between the

stages of economic growth and the core-periphery model.

B.  Use one of the two models to explain the level of economic development in either Mexico or Brazil.

C.  Give two examples of how the core-periphery concept can be applied below the national scale.

Homework MONDAY Chapter 11, KI 1-2

Notes: p. 7-9 Vocab: #13, 75-83

FRIDAY Africa Map Quiz