Develop Skills Ch 03 the Phrase

Developmental Language Skills 39

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NAME CLASS DATE

for CHAPTER 3: THE PHRASE pages 70=72

3b.

3d.

3c.

The Prepositional Phrase AA phrase is a group of related words that is used as a single part of speech. A phrase does notcontain both a subject and a verb.

The Prepositional Phrase

A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiersof that object.

EXAMPLES in the book under a wide umbrella through a dark tunnel

The noun or pronoun in a prepositional phrase is called the object of the preposition.

EXAMPLES In the closetOP

, I found the broom. [Closet is the object of the preposition in.]

I swept under Roger’s deskOP

and a chair.OP

[Desk and chair form thecompound object of the preposition under.]

EXERCISE A Underline each prepositional phrase in the following sentences. Remember to include all parts of a compound object. Then, draw a second line under each object of a preposition. Some sentences contain more than one prepositional phrase.

Example 1. The canvas sails snapped in the wind from the sea. [Wind is the object of the

preposition in. Sea is the object of the preposition from.]

1. Can you read the name on the blue boat? [What is the object of the preposition on?]

2. Early in the morning, Earl fishes for shrimp.

3. Often, he also looks for crabs and lobsters.

4. The storm at sea probably will not come near our coastal town.

5. Look at the beautiful sailboat in the harbor!

The Adjective Phrase

A prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or a pronoun is called an adjective phrase.

An adjective phrase answers the same questions that an adjective answers: What kind? Whichone? How many? or How much? Adjective phrases usually follow the nouns or pronouns theymodify, and more than one adjective phrase may modify the same word.

EXAMPLES We’re reading a play by Shakespeare about Julius Caesar. [Theprepositional phrases by Shakespeare and about Julius Caesar each indicatewhich play.]

Is Brutus the hero of the play? [The prepositional phrase of the playidentifies which hero.]

AEEEEEEEEEBEEEEEEEEEC

AEEEEEEBEEEEEEC

AEEEEEEEEEEEEBEEEEEEEEEEEEC

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EXERCISE B Underline each adjective phrase in the following sentences. Then, draw an arrow from theadjective phrase to the noun or pronoun the phrase modifies. Some sentences contain more than oneadjective phrase.

Examples 1. Does the slide projector inside the storage closet need a new bulb? [Inside the storage

closet is an adjective phrase identifying which projector.]

2. The basketball with the lump on one side bounces wildly. [With the lump is an

adjective phrase identifying which basketball, and on one side is an adjective phrase

describing lump.]

6. Students throughout the school are happy it snowed today. [Which phrase begins with a

preposition? Which noun does the phrase describe?]

7. Did your lab partner take notes about the experiment’s results? [Which phrase begins with

a preposition? Which noun does the phrase describe?]

8. Someone left the door to the garage open.

9. Is that my notebook near the lunch tray on the table?

10. The poster near the water fountain outside our classroom looks ancient.

11. Some people from our neighborhood are painting the sign next to the entrance.

12. Let’s take the gravel path around the observatory.

13. Stories about the cost of a new bicycle frame are all too true!

14. The kingfishers along the river always chatter when they fly.

15. The fans in the stands grew quiet once they heard the national anthem.

NAME CLASS DATE

for CHAPTER 3: THE PHRASE continuedpages 70=72

40 HOLT HANDBOOK Third Course



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3e.

The Prepositional Phrase BThe Adverb Phrase

A prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb is called an adverb phrase.

A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, andany modifiers of that object.

EXAMPLES within a few seconds above Ruby’s desk to the restaurant

An adverb phrase tells how, when, where, why, or to what extent. An adverb phrase may appearanywhere in the sentence—at its beginning, its middle, or its end.

EXAMPLES In an early scene, a soothsayer warns Caesar. [The adverb phrase In an early scene begins the sentence and tells when a soothsayer warns Caesar.]A soothsayer, in an early scene, warns Caesar. [The adverb phrase appearsin the middle of the sentence.]A soothsayer warns Caesar in an early scene. [The adverb phrase appearsat the end of the sentence.]

EXERCISE A Underline each adverb phrase in the following sentences. Some sentences contain morethan one adverb phrase. Be careful not to underline any adjective phrases.

Examples 1. Since sunset, only one lone coyote has howled. [Since sunset is an adverb phrase

telling when the coyote howled.]

2. On her vacation, Chi sent me this postcard of Padre Island. [On her vacation is an

adverb phrase telling when the postcard was sent. Of Padre Island is not an adverb

phrase; it is an adjective phrase modifying the noun postcard.]

1. Because of rust, the gate in the stone wall would not open. [Which of the two prepositional

phrases is an adverb phrase explaining why?]

2. Darcy has always been great at shortstop. [Which phrase is an adverb phrase explaining how?]

3. During the morning, the horses walked in Central Park.

4. Before the game, do the cheerleaders practice their cheers?

5. You can stay for a few days in our apartment.

6. Allergies have left Paulette’s voice hoarse beyond description.

7. We followed the fossil dinosaur tracks into the streambed.

8. The loudest of the seven frogs lives among those reeds.

9. This clip, according to the manual, should connect the spring to the hood.

10. Just drag the nylon line across the creek’s surface.

REMINDER


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EXERCISE B Underline each adverb phrase in the following sentences. Then, draw an arrow from theadverb phrase to the verb, adjective, or adverb that the phrase modifies. Some sentences have morethan one adverb phrase. Be careful not to underline any adjective phrases modifying nouns orpronouns.

Examples 1. Before his race, Joseph rose to his feet and stretched his calves. [Before his race

describes when Joseph rose and stretched, and to his feet describes how he rose.]

2. The load in the trailer has shifted toward the cab. [Toward the cab describes where

the load has shifted. In the trailer modifies the noun load, so it is an adjective phrase.]

11. Yolanda is wonderful in the play’s leading role. [What adjective describing Yolanda does the

prepositional phrase modify?]

12. We left for the museum at nine o’clock. [Which prepositional phrase tells where and modifies

the verb? Which prepositional phrase tells when and modifies the verb?]

13. Were the costumes finished in time for the fair?

14. On spring afternoons, thunderstorms form throughout this region.

15. This glass is slick across its surface.

16. Skilled with computers, Daisy wrote a program that generates model atoms.

17. This net should be large enough for several hundred prom-night balloons.

18. On our trip, we journeyed past a huge statue of Paul Bunyan.

19. This fireplace, before the first big cold snap, seemed uncalled-for.

20. Melanie felt enthusiastic about her sister’s medical research.

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3f.

The Participle and the Participial PhraseThe Participle

A participle is a verb form that can be used as an adjective.

EXAMPLES a winning attitude [The participle winning describes the noun attitude.]the folded page [The participle folded describes the noun page.]the chosen few [The participle chosen describes the pronoun few.]

There are two kinds of participles: present participles and past participles. All presentparticiples end in –ing. Past participles may end in –ed or –en or –t; however, some pastparticiples are formed in other ways.

EXAMPLES Zippy chased the rolling ball. [Rolling is a present participle describing ball.]The doghouse, painted blue, sat under a tree. [The past participle painteddescribes doghouse.]Will this blown gasket need to be replaced? [Blown describes gasket.]

Although participles can be used as adjectives, they often appear in verb phrases.When a participle is joined to a helping verb in a verb phrase, it is part of the verband is not an adjective.

EXAMPLE Zippy had been playing with a ball. [Playing is a present participle. Hadand been are helping verbs. Together they form the verb phrase had beenplaying. In this sentence, playing is not used as an adjective.]

EXERCISE A Underline any participles that are used as adjectives in the following sentences. Then, drawan arrow from the participle to the noun or pronoun the participle modifies.

Example 1. The ball slipped past the first puzzled batter. [Puzzled is a past participle describing

batter.]

1. Ada’s exhausted teammates sat together on the bench. [Which word is a past participle? Which

plural noun does it describe?]

2. Her hushed friends watched Ada step to the plate.

3. Suddenly, a speeding runner stole third base.

4. The pitcher threw a wavering curveball right down the middle.

5. Ada hit it solidly and drove in the winning run.

REMINDER

NOTE


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The Participial Phrase

A participial phrase is used as an adjective and consists of a participle and any complements ormodifiers the participle has.

EXAMPLES Harry put the invitations, written on red paper, in his friends’ lockers. [Theparticipial phrase consists of the participle written and the adverb phraseon red paper.]

Four recently built aircraft are ready for test flights. [The participial phraseconsists of the participle built and the adverb recently.]

EXERCISE B Underline the participial phrases the following sentences. Then, draw an arrow from eachparticipial phrase to the noun or pronoun the phrase modifies. A sentence may have more than oneparticipial phrase.

Examples 1. Covered in pink blossoms, the peach tree was beautiful. [The participial phrase

Covered in pink blossoms modifies tree.]

2. Does this curiously shaped hedge need to be trimmed? [The participial phrase

curiously shaped modifies hedge.]

6. The bus stopped next to a building surrounded by statues. [Which words are parts of the

participial phrase? What noun does the participial phrase modify?]

7. Re-reading my essay, I discovered that two words were missing. [Which words are parts of

the participial phrase? What pronoun does the participial phrase modify?]

8. The light cast by the aquarium’s fluorescent bulb was bright.

9. During the recital, several parents chuckled at their wildly dancing toddlers.

10. Baked with cinnamon, the apples were delicious.

11. How many birds living in this open field have you identified?

12. Opening the blinds, Ms. Saadi faced the newly risen sun.

13. The cowboy’s story, sprinkled with wit, kept his audience happy.

14. Snuffling noisily together, the hounds explored an old shoe.

15. How long do closely guarded secrets really stay secret?

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3g.



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3h.

The Gerund and the Gerund PhraseThe Gerund

A gerund is a verb form ending in –ing that is used as a noun.

EXAMPLES Roaring filled the air at the track. [Roaring is a gerund used as the subject.]Most of it was cheering. [Cheering is a gerund used as the predicatenominative.]We could hear thundering. [Thundering is a gerund used as a directobject.]Still, fans gave applauding their full attention. [Applauding is a gerund usedas an indirect object.]When the cars entered the track, we turned our attention toward racing.[Racing is a gerund used as the object of a preposition.]

The present participle forms end in –ing and can function as gerunds, participles, orverbs. If the –ing word is used as a noun, it is a gerund. If the –ing word is used as anadjective, it is a participle. If the –ing word is part of a verb phrase, it is a verb.

EXAMPLES Humming, Aunt Tammy enjoyed cooking. [Humming is used as an adjective describing Aunt Tammy, so it is a present participle. Cookingtells what Aunt Tammy enjoyed and is used as a noun, so it must be a gerund.]Sweating, Latisha and her brother were painting her home for showing.[Sweating is used as an adjective describing Latisha and her brother, so it isa present participle. Painting is part of the verb phrase were painting, so itis a verb. Showing is the object of the preposition for, so it is a gerund.]

EXERCISE A Underline the gerunds in the following sentences.

Example 1. After he gets a story idea, Manuel likes writing. [Writing is a gerund used as the

sentence’s direct object.]

1. Whitney’s favorite part of basketball is dunking. [Which word ends in –ing and is a gerund

used as a predicate nominative?]

2. Because three kittens live here, our home is often filled with mewing and meowing.

3. Catching is one of the first skills we teach young ballplayers.

4. Bruce, give practicing a little more of your time.

5. Their singing impressed Lucinda.

NOTE


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The Gerund Phrase

A gerund phrase consists of a gerund and any modifiers or complements the gerund has. Theentire phrase is used as a noun.

EXAMPLES The loud beeping in the kitchen was the smoke alarm. [The, loud, and inthe kitchen are modifiers of the gerund beeping. The entire phrase is usedas the subject of the sentence.]This cat enjoys carrying scraps of paper to us. [The gerund carrying isfollowed by its complement, scraps, and the modifiers, of paper and to us.The entire gerund phrase is used as the direct object of the verb enjoys.]

EXERCISE B Underline the gerund phrase in each of the following sentences. Then, draw a second lineunder the gerund.

Examples 1. Creatively doodling in her notebook helps Lori relax. [The gerund phrase Creatively

doodling in her notebook functions as the subject of the sentence. The adverb Creatively

and the adverb phrase in her notebook modify the gerund doodling.]

2. I always look forward to Aunt Tammy’s delicious cooking. [The gerund phrase Aunt

Tammy’s delicious cooking functions as the object of the preposition to. Aunt Tammy’s and

delicious modify the gerund cooking.]

6. The choir gave preparing for the concert their full attention. [Which words help to modify the

gerund preparing?]

7. Slowly and carefully detailing his car is Kim’s favorite task. [Which words help to modify the

gerund detailing? Which words help to complete the gerund’s meaning?]

8. Would you help me with hanging these posters?

9. The ball’s bouncing into the stands surprised everyone.

10. The firefighter’s heroic act was daringly rescuing an entire family.

11. Clara’s latest amusement is cheaply collecting memorabilia from the seventies.

12. We practiced quickly passing the ball to our forwards.

13. Boiling gently in water will cook the pasta.

14. Who hasn’t enjoyed heartily laughing at one comedian or another?

15. A distant clattering along the rails was the first sign of the subway car’s approach.

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3i.



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3j.

3k.

The Infinitive and the Infinitive PhraseThe Infinitive

An infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Most infinitivesbegin with to.

NOUN To sing was her only desire. [To sing is the subject of the verb was.]Our three history instructors really like to teach. [To teach is the direct objectof the verb like. Instructors like what? Like to teach.]His greatest hope is to win. [To win renames the subject, hope.]

ADJECTIVE The song to sing is “Unchained Melody.” [To sing tells which song.]ADVERB She was inspired to sing by Whitney Houston. [To sing tells how she was

inspired.]

EXERCISE A Underline the infinitive in each of the following sentences. Then, if the infinitive is used as an adjective or an adverb, draw an arrow from the infinitive to the word it modifies.

Example 1. Sweet to taste, the honey was fresh from the honeycomb. [To taste is an adverb

modifying the adjective Sweet.]

1. One book to read is Cranford by Elizabeth Gaskell. [Is the infinitive used as a noun or does

it modify a noun?]

2. After I’d laced up my high-tops, I was eager to play.

3. Is a foreign language easy to learn?

4. Ready to run, members of the track team lined up at their marks.

5. To cook is not a simple task.

The Infinitive Phrase

An infinitive phrase consists of an infinitive and any modifiers or complements the infinitive has.The entire phrase can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

NOUN Tara learned to sculpt in clay. [The infinitive phrase is used as a directobject. Tara learned what? Learned to sculpt in clay. The adverbphrase in clay modifies the infinitive to sculpt.]

ADJECTIVE Tara’s desire to sculpt marine animals began after she visited an aquarium.[The infinitive phrase modifies the noun desire and tells which desire.The infinitive to sculpt has a direct object, marine animals.]

ADVERB Tara displays her sculptures to sell them. [The infinitive phrase modifiesthe verb displays and tells why she displays her sculptures.]


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The word to begins both infinitive and prepositional phrases. Generally, when a verbform follows to, the word group is an infinitive, and when a noun or pronoun followsto, the word group is a prepositional phrase.

INFINITIVE PHRASE The lioness ran to reach her cubs. [To is followed by the verb formreach. To reach is an infinitive used as an adverb explaining why thelioness ran.]

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE The lioness ran to her cubs. [To is followed by the object of theprepositional phrase, cubs, and the modifier of cubs, her. To her cubs isan adverb phrase explaining where the lioness ran.]

EXERCISE B Underline the infinitive or infinitive phrase in each of the following sentences. Then, if theinfinitive or infinitive phrase is used as an adjective or an adverb, draw two lines under the word orwords it modifies.

Examples 1. After working a long shift, Ryan wanted to sleep. [To sleep is used as a noun; it is the

direct object. Ryan wanted what? He wanted to sleep.]

2. Are you making those posters to help Isabel? [To help Isabel is used as an adverb

explaining why you are making posters.]

6. To make his wheelchair go forward, Chris presses on this lever. [Does the infinitive phrase act

as a noun, or does it modify a verb?]

7. At the playoffs, her dream to photograph sports stars was fulfilled. [Does the infinitive phrase

act as a noun, or does it modify a noun?]

8. Your next responsibility is to make good grades in school.

9. To entertain was the juggler’s goal for each performance.

10. The pill bug has the ability to roll itself into a tiny ball.

11. Stock these shelves carefully to keep the soup cans from falling.

12. Was this software designed to create new Web pages?

13. David and Alma want to try out for roles in Our Town.

14. Either red pepper or curry powder is a suitable spice to use in that recipe.

15. We need to carry these boxes of files to the office.

NOTE

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3l.

3m.

The Appositive and the Appositive PhraseThe Appositive

An appositive is a noun or a pronoun placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify ordescribe it.

EXAMPLES When is Ms. Fisk, the principal, visiting our class? [The appositive principalfollows and identifies the proper noun Ms. Fisk.]

A lute, this ancient pear-shaped instrument has eleven strings. [Theappositive lute precedes and describes the noun instrument.]

EXERCISE A Underline the appositive in each of the following sentences. Then, draw an arrow from theappositive to the noun or pronoun it identifies or describes.

Examples 1. Jeremy, a golfer, entered the competition. [Golfer describes Jeremy.]

2. The space shuttle Columbia carried Spacelab into space. [Columbia identifies shuttle.]

1. My home state, Oregon, is on the West Coast. [Which word identifies state?]

2. The country Japan is a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. [Which word identifies country?]

3. Have you ever seen photographs of her, Justice Sandra Day O’Connor?

4. Deliver this gift, a houseplant, to our new neighbors.

5. The athlete Carl Lewis won nine Olympic gold medals in track and field.

6. Glimpses of his own past helped transform the penny-pincher Scrooge into a new person.

7. Connect this belt to the part of the alternator that fits it, the pulley.

8. Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, German engineers, built a motorized bicycle in 1885.

9. Safely landing the lunar module Eagle, Neil Armstrong and Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr., became the

first people to walk on the moon.

10. During the Roaring Twenties, the Jazz Age, many Americans ignored distress in Europe.

The Appositive Phrase

An appositive phrase consists of an appositive and any modifiers it has.

EXAMPLES Ms. Davis, the principal of this large high school, will see you now. [Thearticle the and the prepositional phrase of this large high school modify theappositive principal. The entire phrase follows and identifies Ms. Davis.]


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Principal of our high school, Ms. Davis sets rules and procedures. [Theprepositional phrase of our high school modifies the appositive Principal.The entire phrase precedes and identifies Ms. Davis.]

Commas set off an appositive or appositive phrase that is not necessary to the meaningof the sentence. Commas generally do not set off an appositive that is necessary to themeaning of the sentence or is part of someone’s name.

EXAMPLES Vincent Van Gogh, the painter of Olive Trees, once worked as a preacher inBelgium. [The appositive phrase is not necessary to the meaning of thesentence, so it is set off with commas.]The painter Vincent van Gogh once worked as a preacher in Belgium.[Without the appositive, we would not know which painter onceworked as a preacher in Belgium. The appositive is necessary to themeaning of the sentence, so it is not set off with commas.]

EXERCISE B Underline the appositive or appositive phrase in each of the following sentences. Then,draw an arrow from the appositive or appositive phrase to the noun or pronoun to which it refers.

Examples 1. My friend Tammy Benson is known for her funny poems. [Tammy Benson identifies

friend.]

2. Does Miller Road, the long route to your house, curve around a duck pond? [The

long route to your house describes Miller Road.]

11. Volcanoes, the subject of my report, are vents in the earth’s crust. [Which word group refers to

Volcanoes?]

12. Use one of those, the lockers in the bottom row, for your gym clothes. [Which word group

identifies those?]

13. Did all of them enjoy the main dish, a mix of vegetables and pasta?

14. Find the brightest planet, the hot-surfaced Venus, in the night sky.

15. A small, five-armed creature with a spiny skeleton, a starfish, washed ashore.

16. The busy highway the Lincoln Turnpike is undergoing repairs this week.

17. Robert Browning wrote The Ring and the Book, the tale of a Roman trial.

18. My friends and I like salsa, a fast and energetic kind of dance music.

19. Did you hear that, a loud buzzing outside the window?

20. Captain of the team, Mel decided the batters’ lineup.

NOTE

NAME CLASS DATE




Chapter 3: The Phrase, pp. 39=50The Prepositional Phrase A, pp. 39=40

EXERCISE A

1. Can you read the name on the blue boat?

2. Early in the morning, Earl fishes for shrimp.

3. Often, he also looks for crabs and lobsters.

4. The storm at sea probably will not come

near our coastal town.

5. Look at the beautiful sailboat in the harbor!

EXERCISE B

6. Students throughout the school are happy

it snowed today.

7. Did your lab partner take notes about the

experiment’s results?

8. Someone left the door to the garage open.

9. Is that my notebook near the lunch tray

on the table?

10. The poster near the water fountain outside

our classroom looks ancient.

11. Some people from our neighborhood are

painting the sign next to the entrance.

12. Let’s take the gravel path around the

observatory.

13. Stories about the cost of a new bicycle

frame are all too true!

14. The kingfishers along the river always

chatter when they fly.

15. The fans in the stands grew quiet once they

heard the national anthem.

The Prepositional Phrase B, pp. 41=42

EXERCISE A

1. Because of rust, the gate in the stone wall

would not open.

2. Darcy has always been great at shortstop.

3. During the morning, the horses walked

in Central Park.

4. Before the game, do the cheerleaders

practice their cheers?

5. You can stay for a few days in our

apartment.

6. Allergies have left Paulette’s voice hoarse

beyond description.

7. We followed the fossil dinosaur tracks into

the streambed.

8. The loudest of the seven frogs lives among

those reeds.

9. This clip, according to the manual, should

connect the spring to the hood.

10. Just drag the nylon line across the creek’s

surface.

EXERCISE B

11. Yolanda is wonderful in the play’s leadingrole.

12. We left for the museum at nine o’clock.

13. Were the costumes finished in time for thefair? [or Were the costumes finished in timefor the fair?]

14. On spring afternoons, thunderstorms formthroughout this region.

15. This glass is slick across its surface.

16. Skilled with computers, Daisy wrote aprogram that generates model atoms.

17. This net should be large enough for severalhundred prom-night balloons.

18. On our trip, we journeyed past a huge statueof Paul Bunyan.

19. This fireplace, before the first big cold snap,seemed uncalled-for.

20. Melanie felt enthusiastic about her sister’smedical research.

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The Participle and the Participial Phrase,pp. 43=44

EXERCISE A

1. Ada’s exhausted teammates sat together on

the bench.

2. Her hushed friends watched Ada step to

the plate.

3. Suddenly, a speeding runner stole third

base.

4. The pitcher threw a wavering curveball

right down the middle.

5. Ada hit it solidly and drove in the winning

run.

EXERCISE B

6. The bus stopped next to a building

surrounded by statues.

7. Re-reading my essay, I discovered that two

words were missing.

8. The light cast by the aquarium’s fluorescent

bulb was bright.

9. During the recital, several parents chuckled

at their wildly dancing toddlers.

10. Baked with cinnamon, the apples were

delicious.

11. How many birds living in this open field

have you identified?

12. Opening the blinds, Ms. Saadi faced the

newly risen sun.

13. The cowboy’s story, sprinkled with wit,

kept his audience laughing.

14. Snuffling noisily together, the hounds

explored an old shoe.

15. How long do closely guarded secrets really

stay secret?

The Gerund and the Gerund Phrase, pp. 45=46

EXERCISE A

1. dunking

2. mewing, meowing

3. Catching

4. practicing

5. singing

EXERCISE B

6. The choir gave preparing for the concert

their full attention.

7. Slowly and carefully detailing his car is

Kim’s favorite task.

8. Would you help me with hanging these

posters?

9. The ball’s bouncing into the stands

surprised everyone.

10. The firefighter’s heroic act was daringly

rescuing an entire family.

11. Clara’s latest amusement is cheaply

collecting memorabilia from the seventies.

12. We practiced quickly passing the ball to our

forwards.

13. Boiling gently in water will cook the pasta.

14. Who hasn’t enjoyed heartily laughing at

one comedian or another?

15. A distant clattering along the rails was the

first sign of the subway car’s approach.

The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase,pp. 47=48

EXERCISE A

1. One book to read is Cranford by Elizabeth

Gaskell.

2. After I’d laced up my high-tops, I was

eager to play.

3. Is a foreign language easy to learn?

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Developmental Language Skills Answer Key 11


4. Ready to run, members of the track team

lined up at their marks.

5. To cook is not a simple task.

EXERCISE B

6. To make his wheelchair go forward, Chris

presses on this lever.

7. At the playoffs, her dream to photograph

sports stars was fulfilled.

8. Your next responsibility is to make good

grades in school.

9. To entertain was the juggler’s goal for each

performance.

10. The pill bug has the ability to roll itself into

a tiny ball.

11. Stock these shelves carefully to keep the

soup cans from falling.

12. Was this software designed to create new

Web pages?

13. David and Alma want to try out for roles in

Our Town.

14. Either red pepper or curry powder is a

suitable spice to use in that recipe.

15. We need to carry these boxes of files to the

office.

The Appositive and the Appositive Phrase,pp. 49=50

EXERCISE A

1. My home state, Oregon, is on the West Coast.

2. The country Japan is a group of islands in

the Pacific Ocean.

3. Have you ever seen photographs of her,

Justice Sandra Day O’Connor?

4. Deliver this gift, a houseplant, to our new

neighbors.

5. The athlete Carl Lewis won nine Olympic

gold medals in track and field.

6. Glimpses of his own past helped transform

the penny-pincher Scrooge into a new

person.

7. Connect this belt to the part of the

alternator that fits it, the pulley.

8. Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach,

German engineers, built a motorized

bicycle in 1885.

9. Safely landing the lunar module Eagle, Neil

Armstrong and Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr., became

the first people to walk on the moon.

10. During the Roaring Twenties, the Jazz Age,

many Americans ignored distress in

Europe.

EXERCISE B

11. Volcanoes, the subject of my report, are

vents in the earth’s crust.

12. Use one of those, the lockers in the bottom

row, for your gym clothes.

13. Did all of them enjoy the main dish, a mix

of vegetables and pasta?

14. Find the brightest planet, the hot-surfaced

Venus, in the night sky.

15. A small, five-armed creature with a spiny

skeleton, a starfish, washed ashore.

16. The busy highway the Lincoln Turnpike is

undergoing repairs this week.

17. Robert Browning wrote The Ring and the

Book, the tale of a Roman trial.

18. My friends and I like salsa, a fast and

energetic kind of dance music.

19. Did you hear that, a loud buzzing outside

the window?

20. Captain of the team, Mel decided the

batters’ lineup.

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Documents

Develop Skills Ch 03 the Phrase