DELIVERABLE 3 - pdc.minambiente.it · Deliverable D3.4 Report on analysis of current conditions for Coimbra V. 3.0, 18/5/2015 Final vii CERtuS – GA no. IEE/13/906/SI2.675068. Deliverable

i

DELIVERABLE 3.4

Report on analysis of current conditions for

Coimbra

Authors:

Nuno Morais, Rosa Santos, Valdemar Rosas -

Municipality of Coimbra, Portugal; Pedro Moura –

ISR, Portugal; Alberto Soraci, Andreana Casaramona,

Antonia Sapia, Concetta Di Stefano, Giovanni Di

Fiore - Innova BIC, Italy

CERtuS Grant Agreement Number IEE/13/906/SI2.675068

Deliverable D3.4 Report on analysis of current conditions for Coimbra

V. 3.0, 18/5/2015 Final

ii CERtuS – GA no. IEE/13/906/SI2.675068. Deliverable D3.4

DELIVERABLE SUMMARY SHEET

Deliverable Details Type of Document: Deliverable

Document Reference #: D3.4

Title: Report on analysis of current conditions for Coimbra

Version Number: 3.0

Preparation Date: August 31, 2014

Delivery Date: April 1, 2015

Author(s): Nuno Morais, Rosa Santos, Valdemar Rosas – Municipality of Coimbra, Portugal; Pedro Moura – ISR, Portugal; Alberto Soraci, Andreana Casaramona, Antonia Sapia, Concetta Di Stefano, Giovanni Di Fiore – Innova BIC, Italy

Contributors:

Document Identifier: Coimbra_deliverable_3_4

Document Status: Delivered

Dissemination Level: X PU Public

PP Restricted to other program participants

RE Restricted to a group specified by the Consortium

CO Confidential, only for member of the Consortium

Nature of Document: Report

Project Details Project Acronym: CERtuS

Project Title: Cost Efficient Options and Financing Mechanisms for nearly Zero Energy Renovation of existing Buildings Stock

Project Number: IEE/13/906/SI2.675068

Call Identifier: CIP-IEE-2013

Project Coordinator: Stella Styliani FANOU, ENEA, Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 S.Maria di Galeria (Roma), Italy email: [email protected]

Participating Partners: 01. ENEA – Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e losviluppo economico sostenibile – Italy02. COMUNE MESSINA - Comune di Messina – Italy03. ERRENTEIRA – Errenteriako udala – Spain4. CMC – camara municipal de coimbra – Portugal5. ALIMOS – Dimos Alimou – Municipality of Alimos – Greece6. ISR – Instituto de sistemas e robotica – Associacao – Portugal7. SINLOC – Sistema Inizative Locali S.p.A.– – Italy 08. ETVA VI PE – ETVA VI.PE. S.A. – Greece09. TECNALIA – Fundacion Tecnalia Research & Innovation – Spain10. EUDITI LTD – EuDiti – Energy and Environmental Design – Greece11. INNOVA BIC – INNOVA BIC - Business Innovation Centre SRL – Italy12. AAU SBi – Aalborg University – Denmark13. ASSISTAL – Associazione Nazionale Costruttori di impianti e deiservizi di efficienza energetica ESCo e Facility Management– Italy

Funding Scheme: Collaborative Project

Contract Start Date: March 1, 2014

Duration: 30 Months

website address: www.certus-project.eu

http://www.certus-project.eu/


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iii CERtuS – GA no. IEE/13/906/SI2.675068. Deliverable D3.4

Deliverable D3.4: Report on analysis of current conditions for Coimbra

Short Description: This deliverables presents the analysis of the economic, regulatory and policy framework of the Municipality of Coimbra (WP3- task 3.1).

Keywords: energy refurbishment, energy efficiency, nZEB, municipal buildings, ESCOs, financial schemes

Revision

Date

Status Reviewer Organization Description

V1 15/04/2015 Advanced draft

Alessandra Gandini

Tecnalia 1st Review

V2 23/04/2015 Advanced draft

Alberto Soraci Innova BIC 2nd

Review

V3 07/05/2015 Final daft Pedro Moura Municipality of Coimbra

Contribution to reviews

Statement of originality

This deliverable contains original unpublished work except where clearly indicated

otherwise. Acknowledgement of previously published material and of the work of

others has been made through appropriate citation, quotation or both.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTUS PROJECT IN BRIEF ................................................................................................. VII

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... 8

1. ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC, REGULATORY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK OF CERTUS’

MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA .............................................................................................. 10

1.1. GENERAL DATA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA ............................................................. 11

1.2. MUNICIPALITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................... 19

1.3. MUNICIPALITY FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 21

1.4. ENERGY DATA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA .............................................................. 23

1.5. RENOVATION EXPERIENCES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA .............................................. 24

1.6. REGULARLY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND NEARLY ZERO ENERGY

BUILDINGS IN PORTUGAL ............................................................................................................... 25

2. ESCOS AND MUNICIPALITIES COOPERATION FRAMEWORK .......................................... 33

2.1. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 34

2.2. GENERAL ANALYSIS OF RESULTS ......................................................................................... 36

2.3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS: MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA .............................................................. 37

3. REFERENCES. .............................................................................................................. 40

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... 41

ANNEX A: SURVEY ON COOPERATION BETWEEN CERTUS MUNICIPALITIES AND ESCOS ........ 42


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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1- AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF COIMBRA ....................................................................................... 11

FIGURE 2 - KEY FACTORS IN COOPERATION BETWEEN ESCOS AND MUNICIPALITIES ....................................... 37


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LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: SURFACE, POPULATION AND CLIMATE DATA FROM COIMBRA ..................................................... 12

TABLE 2: DISTRIBUTION OF THE MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS BY USE ................................................................ 13

TABLE 3: DISTRIBUTION OF THE MUNICIPAL CONSTRUCTIONS BY USE ....................................................... 13

TABLE 4: BUILDINGS USE IN COIMBRA ................................................................................................. 14

TABLE 5: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY MAIN USED MATERIALS ............................................. 15

TABLE 6: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY CONSERVATION STATUS ............................................ 16

TABLE 7: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY REFURBISHMENT NEEDS ............................................ 17


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CERTUS PROJECT IN BRIEF

Southern European countries undergo a severe economic crisis. This hinders the

compliance to the latest Energy Efficiency Directive, demanding strict energy efficiency

measures for the public sector. Investments required to renovate public buildings and

achieve nearly zero energy consumption have long payback times. So the interest of

financing entities and ESCOs is small, especially when banks have limited

resources. Many of the municipal buildings in Southern Europe require deep

renovations to become nZEB and this should not be regarded as a threat but rather as

an opportunity for the energy service and the financing sector.

The objective of the proposed action is to help stakeholders gain confidence in such

investments and initiate the growth of this energy service sector.

Municipalities, energy service companies and financing entities in Italy, Greece, Spain

and Portugal are involved in this project. The plan is to produce representative deep

renovation projects that will act as models for replication. Twelve buildings in four

municipalities in each country have been selected. The partners will adapt existing

energy service models and procedures and will work out financing schemes suitable

for the 12 projects. Consequently, the partners will create materials, such as guides

and maxi brochures, suitable to support an intensive communication plan.

The plan includes four workshops with Business to Business - B2B sessions targeted to

municipalities, ESCOs and financing entities. These actions shall be complemented by

four training activities targeting municipal employees and the participation in

international events targeting all 3 stakeholders. We expect that our action will have a

significant impact by triggering investments in renovations to achieve nZEB and the

uptake of the ESCO market in Southern European member states.

8

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The present document is a part of the Work-package 3 on Energy Service Models and

Optimal Financing Schemes, it includes two kinds of analysis:

1. analysis of the economic, regulatory, and policy framework of CERtuS’

Municipalities

2. analysis of the cooperation between ESCO’s and Municipalities

The object of this report is to explore the prevailing national and local conditions in

view of energy refurbishment of the existing municipal buildings stock in the

municipality of Coimbra, partner of the CERtuS project. The analysis has been focused

mainly on the following aspects:

• the Municipality energy budget and financial status

• expected energy saving from renovation project

• administrative ability of municipalities to cope with deep renovation project

• regulatory and Policy framework (incentives and disincentives)

• obstacles slowing down the involvement of ESCOs in the energy refurbishment

of existing public buildings (with the existing services schemes)

• financial issues relevant to renovation project (e.g. loan durations, interest

rates, collaterals, credibility of municipalities, warranties, etc..)

• any other relevant issue (e.g. government warranties to municipalities under

the current economic crisis)

To in depth investigate the current state of the art in terms of cooperation between

Municipalities and ESCOs, a questionnaire has been created by Innova BIC and filled in

by the Municipalities of the project. The aim is to understand the main requirements

to the adoption and spreading of new private financial schemes for the energy

refurbishment devoted to the existing buildings stock of Southern Mediterranean

Municipalities.


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9 CERtuS – GA no. IEE/13/906/SI2.675068. Deliverable D3.4

This report includes the analysis of the economic, regulatory, and policy framework

and the results of the questionnaire on the cooperation between ESCOs and the

CERtuS Municipalities.


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1. ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC, REGULATORY AND POLICY

FRAMEWORK OF CERTUS’ MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA

The objective of this analysis is to explore the starting point of target Municipal activity

in terms of energy renovation so far, so as to detect existing barriers to be overcome

as well as opportunities to be seized. This analysis aims to point out specific local

conditions for each municipality, so as to frame CERtuS intervention as well as to

overcome existing national, regional and local barriers to the adoption of financial

instruments for the energy refurbishment devoted to the existing municipal buildings

stock. To that end, each target municipality is invited to provide relevant information

and data regarding the municipal buildings stock, energy consumption, regulatory and

policy framework and constraints in which CERtuS actions will took place.


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1.1. GENERAL DATA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA

Coimbra (Figure 1- Aerial photograph of Coimbra) is the largest city in Centro Region of

Portugal, with 101 069 inhabitants in the urban area and 143 396 inhabitants in the

area of the municipality. As the largest urban centre of a region of over 2 million

inhabitants, Coimbra functions as regional capital. The presence of a university and

other institutions of higher education designate Coimbra as “City of Knowledge”.

FIGURE 1- AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF COIMBRA

Coimbra, located in the littoral axis of the country, is occupying a strategic and central

position between the two metropolitan areas (Porto and Lisbon). The city has an

excellent accessibility by motorways, railway, and seaport (Figueira da Foz) and also

good traffic connections with Spain. As a historic city, Coimbra holds an important

cultural and architectural heritage, which added to the fact that the city is being

crossed by the River Mondego, gives to Coimbra a distinctive character and make her

attractive for tourists. Coimbra's environmental quality is reinforced by a friendly

climate, positive indicators on air and noise, a variety of green spaces in the urban

centre and the river landscape of the Mondego.

Coimbra - part of the historic city centre, older University buildings and other urban

structures - is since 22/06/2013 inscribed on the World Heritage List of UNESCO. The


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Property inscribed is called University of Coimbra — Alta and Sofia. It is composed of a

set of buildings whose history has been associated to the academic institution, either

through participation in the process of knowledge production and dissemination, or

through contribution to the creation of unique cultural and identitarian traditions. The

University of Coimbra — Alta and Sofia has a total area of 35.5 hectares, 29 of which

correspond to the Alta and 6,5 to Sofia. Surrounding these areas there is the protection

zone with 81.5 hectares. The total area of the Property is 117 hectares. About 2/3 of

the population of the municipality is concentrated in the urban centre, and the Margin

Right shows the highest population densities. Population growth has been more

intense in the urban centre of Coimbra, with the exception of its historic centre, where

there is a decrease and an aging population in the remaining parishes with character

distinctly urban. Coimbra is essentially a centre for services, which is reflected in the

high proportion of companies in the service sector as well as an industrial activity

negligible. Only 16% (versus 27% at national) societies belong to the Secondary sector

and has a workforce that predominantly affects the Tertiary sector (78% of the

population of Coimbra vs 60% nationally). The reason for this situation is linked on the

one hand, with the presence of strong features in health, education, law, commerce

and logistics, and public administration in Coimbra and secondly, with an industrial

sector that declined in the past decade and currently has little weight in the county -

Moreover, about one third of the working population of the secondary sector is

integrated in the construction sector. Table 1 presents the general data related with

the surface, population and climate.

TABLE 1: SURFACE, POPULATION AND CLIMATE DATA FROM COIMBRA

Surface Area: 319.41 km² Population Density: 448.94 Inhabitants/km²

Population of the Municipality of Coimbra: 143,396 inhabitants according to census 2011

Climate Area: Medium according to DIR.2009/125/CE

Annual Heating Degree Days: 1460 Base Temperature 20 °C

Outdoor average T °C in winter: 0-15 °C

Annual Cooling Degree Days: 1200 Base Temperature 24 °C

Outdoor average T °C in summer: 18-35°C


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Buildings Stock

Table 2 presents the distribution of the Municipal buildings by use. As can be seen the

Municipality buildings stock is constituted mainly by schools (87.5%). The schools are

56 elementary schools and 35 kindergartens, grouped in 6 clusters of schools. The

other buildings are administrative and services buildings. Such buildings include the

town hall, as well as several buildings where several municipal services are installed.

They also include social and cultural services such as museums and the library.

Additionally, there are some Municipal services (e.g. Municipal aerodrome, IT services,

Housing Department and Citizen's Bureau) installed in rented buildings.

TABLE 2: DISTRIBUTION OF THE MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS BY USE

Use Quantity %

Administrative Services 4 3.8%

Cultural Services 4 3.8%

Social Services 3 2.9%

Schools 91 87.5%

Offices 1 1.0%

Other Services 1 1.0%

Total 104 100%

There are also a large number of constructions (most of them including buildings).

Table 3 presents the distribution of the Municipal constructions by use. As can be seen,

they are mainly sport facilities (46.5%) and cemeteries (38.4%). The sport facilities

include 2 stadiums and several sports pavilions and swimming pools.

TABLE 3: DISTRIBUTION OF THE MUNICIPAL CONSTRUCTIONS BY USE

Use Quantity %

Sport Facilities 37 43.0%

Swimming Pools 3 3.5%

Cemeteries 33 38.4%

Others 13 15.1%

Total 86 100%

Additionally, the Coimbra City Council has, since 1974, promoted the construction of

municipal initiative housing, especially after the creation of the Municipal Housing


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Services in 1977. In the 80's, and according to the most advantageous conditions for

construction financing, the Municipality of Coimbra promoted the construction and

sale of a significant number of accommodation. In 90’s the investment was directed to

the construction for leasehold, investing in the resolution of housing shortage.

Presently, the municipal housing stock has 810 accommodations, distributed by 10

neighbourhoods and integrating also some isolated buildings and accommodations

dispersed in the urban area.

There is no characterization of the Municipal buildings, but the last census (2011)

characterized all the buildings of the Municipality. As can be seen in Table 7

characterizes the refurbishment needs.

Table 4, only 0.8% are buildings without residential use. Table 5 characterizes the

buildings by year of construction and the main used materials. Table 6 characterizes

the conservation status and Table 7 characterizes the refurbishment needs.

TABLE 4: BUILDINGS USE IN COIMBRA

Buildings Quantity %

Residential 38044 93.6%

Non-residential 309 0.8%

Residential and non-residential 2288 5.6%

Total 40641 100%


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TABLE 5: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY MAIN USED MATERIALS

Main Used Materials Total Before 1919

1919-1945

1946-1960

1961-1970

1971-1980

1981-1990

1991-1995

1996 - 2000

2001-2005

2006-2011

Structure 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

Reinforced concrete 27044 0 837 2583 3449 5520 5234 2111 2372 2943 1995

Masonry walls with plate 7839 0 978 1850 1318 1162 984 376 405 475 291

Masonry walls without plate 4482 1443 1105 942 398 309 130 48 47 42 18

Masonry walls with stone or adobe 1132 304 360 230 111 64 19 17 12 8 7

Others 144 29 18 20 11 16 11 5 5 20 9

External cladding 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

Traditional plaster or marble 37359 1507 2896 5147 4788 6564 5986 2404 2687 3229 2151

Stone 1356 225 346 271 188 100 69 28 40 56 33

Ceramic tile or mosaic 1714 24 44 191 300 375 285 100 106 171 118

Others 212 20 12 16 11 32 38 25 8 32 18

Roof 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

Terrace 858 0 7 38 36 71 110 42 74 208 272

Inclined 39322 1774 3275 5547 5208 6936 6208 2481 2729 3190 1974

Coated with ceramic tiles or concrete 38936 1741 3234 5480 5181 6864 6146 2468 2709 3170 1943

Coated with other materials 386 33 41 67 27 72 62 13 20 20 31

Mixed (inclined and terrace) 461 2 16 40 43 64 60 34 38 90 74

Total 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320


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TABLE 6: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY CONSERVATION STATUS

Conservation Status Total before 1919

1919-1945

1946-1960

1961-1970

1971-1980

1981-1990

1991-1995

1996 - 2000

2001-2005

2006-2011

Without Refurbishment Needs 27713 474 1146 2791 2946 4929 5039 2197 2603 3341 2247

With Refurbishment Needs 12234 1076 1927 2705 2292 2095 1326 358 237 147 71

Small Refurbishment 8119 547 940 1672 1554 1566 1133 314 211 126 56

Medium Refurbishment 2947 328 622 749 568 437 159 36 21 17 10

Large Refurbishment 1168 201 365 284 170 92 34 8 5 4 5

Very degraded 694 226 225 129 49 47 13 2 1 0 2

Total 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320


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TABLE 7: BUILDINGS BY YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION, BY REFURBISHMENT NEEDS

Refurbishment Needs Total Before 1919

1919-1945

1946-1960

1961-1970

1971-1980

1981-1990

1991-1995

1996 - 2000

2001-2005

2006-2011

Roof 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

None 26058 443 1034 2538 2645 4511 4742 2086 2503 3313 2243

Small 8711 496 926 1674 1640 1769 1321 395 291 145 54

Medium 3632 374 652 907 721 596 247 62 38 24 11

Large 1420 210 421 355 217 139 48 11 5 6 8

Very large 820 253 265 151 64 56 20 3 4 0 4

Structure 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

None 26810 449 1056 2633 2822 4722 4882 2141 2552 3306 2247

Small 8338 509 904 1673 1546 1651 1232 361 255 153 54

Medium 3328 356 665 830 641 529 204 45 24 22 12

Large 1365 206 410 340 218 117 46 8 9 6 5

Very large 800 256 263 149 60 52 14 2 1 1 2

Walls and Frames 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

None 24264 371 944 2153 2405 4171 4340 1994 2462 3219 2205

Small 9710 481 905 1872 1749 2013 1604 465 324 214 83

Medium 4130 400 723 1013 802 661 350 72 45 45 19

Large 1610 239 432 408 256 166 60 21 9 10 9

Very large 927 285 294 179 75 60 24 5 1 0 4

Total 40641 1776 3298 5625 5287 7071 6378 2557 2841 3488 2320

18

Objectives and Priorities

The development planning for Coimbra elected the 5 main vectors and within each vector, specific

objectives were defined, as follows:

A. Mobility, Transportation and Accessibilities

1. Development of effective transportation infrastructures, allowing better accessibilities to

promote the welfare and commodities of citizens and better attraction of potential

touristic interests.

2. Redefinition of the accessibilities network in the historic centre, re-qualifying it as an area

for leisure and for the realization of diverse quality of life promoting activities to the

citizens.

3. Development of policies on Mobility, Transportation and Accessibilities ecologically

efficient, transversal to all region.

B. Entrepreneurship and Innovation

1. Technologic and methodological renovation of the rural production, in order to make this

area more sustainable, competitive but also socially responsible.

2. Development of synergies which take advantage on the business community as well as the

university centre, promoting the investment and industry uptake (and ultimately more

forms of employment).

C. Health

1. Promotion of investment in healthcare system, in order to enlarge and diversify health

services and to uptake new ones, namely in the private field of investments.

D. Urban dynamics and Environment

1. Requalification and renewal of the aged historic centre, not only as habitation area, but

also as a leisure and entertainment area promoting its attractiveness, hospitality and

recipiency.

2. Assist communitarian intervention project in order to create, through environmental

intervention, spaces which are felt as more enjoyable, pleasant and interesting, and to


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promote the quality of life of citizen, namely through the relationship created with and

within the environment and contexts which they interact on a daily basis.

E. Brand, Tourism, Heritage and Culture, as its main areas of intervention

1. Creation of synergies between the cultural and recreational associations of the region in

order to promote cultural events, in the traditional sense of it, to stimulate the

participation and integration of all citizens, on a free base, as a way of enhancing their well-

being, and sense of comfort throughout this difficult and very demanding period of crisis.

2. Requalification of the historic and touristic routes, in order to take advantage more

effectively and appealingly of the historic, cultural and touristic resources of the region, as

well as its heritage, granting a more sophisticated and pleasant experience for the tourists.

1.2. MUNICIPALITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

In the Municipality of Coimbra the main activity developed to increase the energy efficiency is the

regular assessment of the energy consumption and costs. Every month the consumption of the

buildings with a voltage level of special low voltage or medium voltage is registered (to the normal

low voltage the monthly consumption record is not possible). Such consumption is compared with

the equivalent month from the previous years in order to detect increases on the energy

consumption and the possible causes to it. Then, an assessment is done and presented in

quarterly reports.

The staff from the Municipality also ensures some simplified energy audits with short visits to the

buildings and assessments of the billing. The main results from this assessment are the selection of

the best tariff option and contracted power, as well as the identification of situations where the

reactive energy should be compensated. Additionally, external entities are contracted to develop

energy audits in some buildings.

The key objective of these assessments is the identification of opportunities for consumption

reduction, mainly opportunities without the need of investment, such as the change of control in

HVAC systems or the change of users’ behaviour. Additionally, it is also assessed the replacement


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of lighting technologies. However, the replacement of technology does not follow any plan, they

are replaced by more efficient technology only after the end of its lifetime or during the

refurbishment of buildings/areas. In new buildings or during the refurbishment of buildings the

efficiency of the lighting and HVAC systems is taken into account.

In the lighting systems the following methodologies and technologies are used:

Lighting projects with simulations to assess the optimum lighting level for each room;

Use of luminaires with high-efficiency electronic ballasts;

Use of T5 tubular fluorescent lamps, CFLs and LEDs;

Several operation options for the lighting in the same room;

Use of motion detectors in areas with low utilization;

Exterior lighting controlled by astronomical time switches.

In the HVAC systems the following technologies are used:

Centralized systems with high efficiency;

Use of Centralised Technical Management systems.

Regarding renewable energy, the Municipality have promoted the installation of PV panels and

solar thermal panels in 19 schools. The PV panels were installed using the microgeneration regime

where all the generation is sold to the electrical grid. The solar thermal panels are used to provide

hot water. This was possible due to an EPC scheme. All the investment was done by the company

that supplied the panels and the Municipality just had to pay the cost of the needed license to sell

the generated electricity. Then, during 20 years the company receives 85% of the revenue

obtained with the sold electricity. After this period, all the revenues belong to the Municipality.

The expected revenues for the Municipality during 2014 is € 50,000.

In the Municipality the main barriers for energy efficiency are:

Large number of workstations in open space with a variable number of users and needs;

Different opinions about the ideal lighting levels;

Different opinions about the ideal thermal comfort levels;


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Wide variety of buildings with different users and diverse needs;

The buildings do not have a local energy manager;

Slowness of the public procurement.

1.3. MUNICIPALITY FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK

The Municipality of Coimbra in its Major Planning Options (MPO) and budget for 2014 have

defined the following structuring objectives:

Pursue a strategy of rigor and greater contention of the public expenditure, in order to

ensure the reinforcement and strengthening of the municipal finances;

Ensure the sustainable and harmonious development of the municipality, with the purpose

of improving the quality of life of residents, considering the current socio-economic and

financial constraints;

Create the needed conditions for the continued accomplishment of municipal projects,

taking full advantage of the opportunities of co-financing to be established by the new

Multiannual Financial Framework 2014-2020 from the European Union, of several

initiatives from the EC and of technical and financial cooperation under the State Budget.

The sectors where the main municipal funds are allocated are:

Urban qualification - 30% of the invoiced amount of the 2013 MPO;

Mobility and transports, including the support to the municipal services of urban

transports - 19% of the invoiced amount of the 2013 MPO;

Waste management and urban environment - 19% of the invoiced amount of the 2013

MPO;

Water and sanitation (where the municipality has a 100% stake in the local company)

Education – 9.5% of the invoiced amount of the 2013 MPO;

The financial instruments adopted so far by the municipality devoted to the municipal energy

building refurbishment have as source, almost exclusively, the Municipal budget obtained from tax

revenues.


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The main exception was the actual public lighting (high-pressure sodium lamps) which was co-

financed by the Ministry of Economy between 2005 and 2007. Other exception was the EPC

contract for the installation of PV panels in schools (described in section 1.2).

Nowadays, the main financial source available for energy refurbishment of municipal buildings is

the Energy Efficiency Fund (described in section 1.7). There are two open calls with available

funding for Municipalities and the Municipality of Coimbra intends to present one application for

it. However, the open calls just support projects in the area of mobility and transports. In the near

future, the main financial source will be Programme "Sustainability and Efficiency in the Use of

Natural Resources" (described in section 1.7).

The main barriers to the adoption of private financial instruments devoted to the energy buildings

refurbishment is the regulation on debt capacity. In Portugal, the total municipal debt cannot

exceed 150% of the average revenue collected in the previous three years. When this limit is

reached, the municipalities will have to reduce 10% of the excess amount every year.


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1.4. ENERGY DATA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA

During 2013 the total cost with energy and water in the buildings managed by the Municipality

was 1 845 372 €, with the following share

Electricity – 56%

Natural gas – 24%

Water – 20%

Regarding the electricity, the total cost in 2013 was 1 024 600 €, with the following share type of

building:

Schools – 17%

Sport facilities – 35%

Administrative and services – 48%


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1.5. RENOVATION EXPERIENCES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA

TABLE – Best practices summary sheet

Project Title Critical

aspects

dealt

Kind of buildings

(monumental, old or

new)

Technology

adopted

Funding scheme

adopted

Installation of PV

panels and solar

thermal systems

in Schools

Old PV panels and solar

thermal collector

for water heating

EPC scheme

Efficient lightning

in schools and

public buildings

Monumental and old Electronic ballast CMC

Efficient lightning

in schools and

public buildings

New Electronic ballast

and T5 lamps

CMC

Reducing

electrical

consumption in

air conditioning

Monumental, old and

new

Time switch CMC

Reducing

electrical

consumption in

lightning

Monumental, old and

new

Presence detectors CMC


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1.6. REGULARLY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND NEARLY

ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS IN PORTUGAL

National Policy and Regulation The Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings allowed the

development of a legislative package in Portugal, which created a National System of Energy

Certification and Indoor Air Quality in the Buildings (SCE), and revised building codes for

residential and non-residential buildings.

The European Directive 2002/91/EC was transposed to the Portuguese national law on April 4th

2006 by means of a legislative package composed of three Decree-Laws:

Decree-law 78/2006 - National Energy Performance Certification System and Indoor Air

Quality in Buildings (SCE) partially applies the Directive 2002/97/CE of the European

Parliament and of the Council, of 16th December 2002, regarding buildings energy

efficiency.

The Decree-law 79/2006 - Regulation of Temperature Control Systems in Buildings (RSECE).

The Decree-law 80/2006 - Regulation of Thermal Behaviour Characteristics in Buildings

(RCCTE).

Since January 2009, the Portuguese Energy Performance Certification scheme comprises the full

implementation of the EPBD, meaning that all the required buildings are now included: new

buildings, major renovations, public buildings and all buildings when sold or rented.

By December 2013, more than 600,000 Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) were issued on a

web based central registration system1 that qualified experts must access and use to issue

certificates, since the launching of the scheme in July 2007. About 80% of these EPCs took place

after January 2009, for existing buildings, upon sale or rent.

In this context, the State promoted, the energy efficiency of buildings and, in this way, acquired

relevant experience, which resulted not only in the efficiency of energy certification system, but

also in the diagnosis of aspects whose practical application is proved susceptible to improvement.

1 www.adene.pt/sce


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With the publication of the European Directive 2010/31/EU from May 19th 2010 on the energy

performance of buildings, the regime established by Directive 2002/91/EC was reformulated. Such

Directive clarifies some of the principles of the original text and introduce new provisions aimed at

strengthening the framework for promoting energy efficiency in buildings, in the light of the goals

and challenges agreed by the Member States for 2020.

The transposition into national law of European Directive 2010/31/EU created an opportunity to

improve and systematize the scope of energy certification system and respective regulations as

well as to align the national requirements with impositions of the Directive. Then, the Decree-Law

118/2013 from August 20th 2013 ensured not only the transposition of the Directive, but also the

revision of the national legislation to include in a single law which includes the System for Energy

Certification of Buildings (SCE), the Regulation on the Energy Performance of Residential Buildings

(REH), and the Regulation on the Energy Performance of Services Buildings (RECS). In general, the

requirements for new buildings were tightened, promoting efficient envelops and introducing

technical systems requirements. The contribution of renewable energy systems has also detailed

and stimulated. It also defines nZEB and its requirements nd transposes to the national legislation

the aim to have nZEB in all new buildings after December 31st 2020 or after December 31st 2018 in

the case of public buildings. However, as already mentioned, the national plan for rehabilitation of

buildings was not yet approved.

The national legislation (Decree-Law 118/2013) defines Nearly Zero Energy Buildings as buildings

with high energy performance and where the energy needs are mainly ensure by energy from

renewable sources, produced on site or nearby. In such Decree-Law it is also determined that a

nZEB must have:

Efficient component compliant with the most demanding limit levels of economic viability

that may be obtained by applying the methodology of optimal cost, differentiated for new

and existing buildings and for different types;

Local ways of capturing renewable energy covering a large part of the remainder of the

predicted energy requirements, preferably in the same building or in the same plot of land


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of the building or in addition, in common use infrastructures as close as possible to the

place where it is not possible to meet the needs of renewable energy resource.

The Decree-Law 118/2013 determines that a methodology of optimal cost and the levels of

minimum energy performance must be defined in the national plan for rehabilitation of buildings

and be approved by the government members in charge of the areas of energy, regional planning

and finances. However, such plan was not yet defined, and therefore there are not yet any levels

of energy performance defined.

Other important national policy with impacts on energy efficiency in buildings is the National

Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP). Portugal’s second NEEAP for 2013-2016 provides a progress

report on the energy savings targets implemented under current EU requirements as well as

energy efficiency policy priorities. It reflects the new National Energy Strategy, aiming to fulfil

Portugal 2020 targets.

The area of the State includes a programme entitled State Energy Efficiency, with a set of

measures aimed at the energy certification of State buildings, along with Energy Efficiency Action

Plans, especially within the scope of the Public Administration Energy Efficiency Programme -

ECO.AP, State transport fleets and Public Lighting.

The Energy Efficiency Program in Public Administration, Eco.AP2, was launched in 2011 and is an

evolving program that translates into a set of energy efficiency measures for implementation into

services, agencies and public equipment aiming to change behaviours and promote the rational

management of energy services, notably by hiring Energy Services Companies (ESCOs).

The target set for 2020 is for a total of 2225 State buildings to be subject to certification. From this

total, energy efficiency contracts will be signed for about 500 buildings within the scope of the

ECO.AP Programme, involving buildings which represent at least 20% of the energy consumption

of each ministry. The intervention of the ESEs in these buildings is expected to promote a 30%

saving in energy consumption.

2 www.ecoap.adene.pt


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In this framework, Decree-Law Nº 29/2011 establishes the legal regime for the formation and

execution of energy performance contracts to be concluded between Public Administration and

energy service companies, aiming the implementation of measures to improve energy efficiency in

public buildings and equipment.

The Regulation of Qualification System of Energy Services Companies (SQESE) interested in

participate in pre-contractual procedures relating to energy efficiency contracts with services and

public administration bodies was approved in 2012 and establishes minimum requirements for

technical and financial capacity, foreseen in two different levels.

In 2013 the specifications for procedures of energy performance contracts under Eco.AP were

published. The type of specifications approved should be adopted by respective entities in all

procedures for EPC launched under the Program, subject to the specificity of each pre-contractual

procedure.

Additionally, energy efficiency action plans will be prepared for buildings with lower levels of

energy consumption and which have not been included in the group identified by each ministry to

be part of the energy efficiency management contracts to be signed with ESEs.

Two types of measures are to be defined in these plans, viz. active and passive. In terms of active

measures, the interventions consist of introducing more efficient lighting technologies and control

systems, replacing climate control devices for more efficient equipment and installing solar panels

to produce hot water in buildings or infrastructure with high usage, such as schools and

multipurpose halls. Promoting a policy of ecological public procurement in the purchase of

equipment is also an important aspect of this area, as is promoting the use of teleconferencing

technologies to hold meetings. With regard to passive measures, solutions in the areas around

buildings will be emphasised, from installing insulation in solid elements (walls, flooring, roofs) of

buildings to equipment to provide shade (inside and outside).

In addition to the incentives to rationalise the respective consumption and energy costs, attempts

will be made to ensure that Public Administration serves as a reference and is an important agent

for disseminating energy efficiency and low carbon best practices.


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Regional and Local Policy and Regulation

At regional level, the Plan of Territory Management to the Centre Region, developed in 2011,

includes an assessment of the potential of renewable energy and energy efficiency in the Centre

Region. It also proposes some measures to use such potential, including some measure to

promote the increase of energy efficiency in the region. However, such measures are just

proposals and not a regulation. Therefore it does not impose any aim in terms of energy efficiency

increase and do not establish any obligation to change technologies or behaviours.

At local level there are not any policy or regulation on energy efficiency.

Incentives and Funds

The main source of financing in Portugal have been the Energy Efficiency Fund. It aims to fund the

programs and measures under the NEEAP with three main objectives: encourage efficiency by

citizens and businesses, to support energy efficiency projects in areas where until now these

projects had not yet been developed, and promote behaviour change in this area.

The Fund can support predominantly technology-oriented projects in transport, residential and

services, industry and public sector; action-oriented cross-inducing energy efficiency in the areas

of behaviour, taxation and incentives and financing; projects not covered by the NEEAP but which

demonstrably contribute to energy efficiency.

In the Public Sector, this fund was used to support measures inserted in the ECO.AP Program. The

potential beneficiaries of this call were central government entities, including departments and

agencies of the direct and indirect administration of the State, public companies, universities,

public companies, public foundations, public and private associations with a majority public

capital. However, the amounts available with this instrument are very modest.

Other financing source is the Innovation Support Fund (FAI3) which includes incentives for projects

of technological proof of concept and investment projects in energy efficiency.

3 www.fai.pt


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Other mechanism to provide fund for energy efficiency is PPEC (Consumption Efficiency Promotion

Plan). It consists of a tender mechanism, by which eligible promoters submit candidate measures

to improve efficiency in electricity consumption. PPEC aims to promote a more efficient behaviour

on electricity consumption and the adoption of more efficient equipment by consumers of

electricity.

In the electricity PPEC incentives are awarded for the promotion of measures aimed at improving

efficiency in electricity consumption through measures taken by suppliers, network operators and

organizations that promote and protect the interests of electricity consumers, and which are

aimed at consumers of different market segments. The actions result from specific measures

proposed, subject to a selection tender, whose criteria are defined in the Rules for the

Consumption Efficiency Promotion Plan, approved after a public consultation. This tender allows

the selection of the best measures for energy efficiency to be implemented by the

abovementioned promoters, taking into account the amount available in the PPEC annual budget

which is approved at the start of each regulation period for each one of its years.

Regarding the EPC market in Portugal, in the recent years, there was a significant advance in what

concerns the legal framework and regulatory factors to promote and foster the diffusion of energy

services, especially in the public sector. The legal tools are now in place: the structure for a new

public contracting scheme was created (DL 29/2011) and the architecture of the process was

defined (RCM 67/2012). In early 2013, the tender specification was finally published including the

clauses to be included in the contract to be established with public institutions (Portaria 60/2013).

In the public sector, Portugal has provided a strong regulatory framework for ESCO development.

However, although the efforts, the EPC market in Portugal is underdeveloped, far from its

promised potential, and is facing several constrains that are hindering the diffusion of Energy

Services Contracts. The promising ECO.AP is not attractive, especially for ESCOs and for the

financial sector, mainly because the public contract framework established does not allow the

blocking of funds of public entities for paying off the savings and therefore there are no guaranties

for ESCOs and Banks to receive their investments. Although there are some incentive programmes


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available (ELENA4, JESSICA5 and FAI), at the moment there are no successful financing models

being applied in Portugal. The economic crisis and the need to cut expenses are still avoiding

investments to be carried out.

The main constraint ESCOs are facing nowadays in Portugal is indeed the financing structure. The

economic crisis does affect the ESCO business. On one side the national banks lack funds and on

the other side, international banks are not interested to be associated to the Portuguese risk.

Moreover, Portuguese financing institutions also need to have a better knowledge about the

financing typologies and contracts, as well as about the technologies to be installed, in order to

facilitate more adequate financing contracts.

The Operational Programme Portugal 2020, that integrates the new framework programme,

includes the Programme "Sustainability and Efficiency in the Use of Natural Resources" (PO

SEUR)6. This Programme includes a measure of "Support for energy efficiency, intelligent energy

management and renewable energy use in public buildings from the local administration", which is

not yet underway, but that will support interventions to increase the energy efficiency of buildings

and public facilities of the local administration.

The support to be provided to local administration entities, are in the form of non-refundable

grants, however the beneficiary should deliver 70% of net savings, in proportion to the support

granted, under conditions to be determined by the Managing Authority in conjunction with the

Directorate-General for Energy and Geology. In cases where the support is granted to Energy

Services Companies, the grants are reimbursable at 100% and it is not dependent on the achieved

energy savings.

The maximum rate of funding of the eligible investment, in the central region, is 95%. However,

the eligible expenditure on investment in electricity production for self-consumption from

renewable energy sources is limited to 30% of the total investment amount of the application, not

considering the amount of the power generation investment in renewable energy sources. In the

4 http://www.eib.org/products/elena/

5 http://www.fundojessicaportugal.org/

6 http://www.poseur.portugal2020.pt/


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support for Energy Services Companies, as vehicles promote energy efficiency in public

administration, the maximum rate of funding of the eligible investment is 50%.


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2. ESCOS AND MUNICIPALITIES COOPERATION FRAMEWORK

Innova BIC, with the support, of:

• Municipalities of Messina (Italy);

• Municipalities of Errenteira (Spain);

• Municipalities of Coimbra (Portugal);

• Municipalities of Alimos (Greece)

explored the previous experienced and the potential obstacles of the cooperation between

municipalities and ESCOs. This analysis is an important part of the task 3.1 (analysis of the

economic regulatory and policy framework), because - as mentioned in the document of the

projects - “building envelope improvements entail quite long payback times which are not

attractive to ESCOs or commercial banks under current market practice”, while municipalities are

often reluctant to collaborate with for different reasons. To that end, a questionnaire has been

developed to investigate the current “state of the art” of the relationship between municipalities

of Messina, Errenteira, Coimbra, Alimos and ESCO agencies. This questionnaire has been created

to get the point of view of the municipalities’ partners of the project. The questionnaire was

shared with the project coordinator before sending it to the Municipalities in order to gather

suggestions and inputs to better address and improve the analysis. This collection of the

information together with the Analysis of the economic, regulatory and policy framework of

CERtuS’ Municipalities will be used to address a proper future strategies about the financial

schemes and the kind of initiative to increase the cooperation between energy agencies and the

public administrations. This deliverable will analyse not only the result of the questionnaire filled

in by Municipality of Coimbra, but it will take into consideration also the ones coming from the

others CERtuS municipalities (Errenteira, Messina and Alimos) in order to have a general

framework and to compare the experiences of different Municipalities.


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2.1. METHODOLOGY

Innova BIC has realized a questionnaire, devoted to partner municipalities to gather their

experience and point view with regard to cooperating with ESCOs, with a set of open and closed

questions. The questionnaire has been divided in two sections

Section 1: questions about the general profile of the municipalities;

Section 2: questions on cooperation status

The questionnaire has been sent to municipalities in order to explore the state of the art in the

cooperation between ESCOs and CERtuS municipalities as well as to detect the key elements for

improving this relationship. In particular, it has been highlighted that: “the cooperation between

ESCOs and Municipalities can play a key role in turning energy-consuming Municipal premises into

Nearly Zero Energy Buildings, through accelerating the pace of investment and mobilizing private

sector finance”. In other words, the object of the questionnaire is to explore the state of the art of

ESCOs and municipalities cooperation so far so as to detect existing barriers to be overcome as

well as opportunities to be seized. The choice of the questions has been made taking into

consideration three main indicators:

Estimate of time to fill out the questionnaire;

Number of questions appropriate to have a general framework of the cooperation

between the ESCOs and Municipalities without lost important information;

Mix of open and closed questions

The questions are 14. In the section 1 (questions about the general profile of the municipalities)

we asked:

1. Country and Name of Municipality

2. Name of the interviewee

3. Position held of organization

In the Section 2 (questions on cooperation status), a set of 10 questions have been selected with

different answer mode:


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Closed format questions - Yes or not (dichotomy variable). In both cases the respondents

must explained why

Closed format questions - a set of statements where the respondents must indicated no

more than two characteristics

Open format questions

Below the list of the questions:

Has your municipality ever cooperated with an ESCO?

What of these characteristics you consider fundamental for ESCOs and Municipality

cooperation?

In your opinion, do you consider the precedent characteristic, indicated by yourself, part of

your experience?

Which kind of contract did you agree with ESCOs?

Please, indicate the main futures of the contract agreed?

Which kind of intervention was funded?

Indicate the amount of investment?

The pay back period agreed with the ESCO for covering the investment was respected?

What of these statements could you consider correct?

Is your organization interested in cooperating soon with an ESCO for improving energy

performance of its buildings?

According to you, cooperation with ESCOs is useful for improving the energy performance

of your organization. Why?

The questionnaire (available in Annex A) has been created last July and sent to the municipalities

in September. It has been sent through as an email attachment in word format.


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2.2. GENERAL ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

Errenteira, Coimbra and Alimos have never cooperated with ESCOs. We can state that the CERtuS

project is a first step in this direction. In this section, the results of the questionnaire on the

cooperation between the four municipalities, partners of the project, and the ESCOs are

presented.

The analysis of the closed format questions regards two kinds of questions:

1. Closed format questions - Yes or not (dichotomy variable). In both cases the respondents

must explained why they have answered in that way.

2. Closed format questions - a set of statements where the respondents must indicated no

more than two characteristics

In general, the analysis of the closed questions has shown a lack of cooperation with the ESCOs

and Municipalities. Except for the Municipality of Messina, who experienced a collaboration with

an ESCO in the occasion of the SEAP preparation (sustainable energy plan - Covenant of Mayor). As

a matter of fact, on this occasion the Municipality of Messina did not get any energy financial

service but rather a consultancy support. While, from the open format questions, we can figure

out that notwithstanding the other municipalities did not experience any cooperation with ESCOs,

they expressed their intention and availability in the future to work with them. However, some

requirements towards this cooperation have been highlighted, in other words they are available to

cooperate with ESCO but within a specific regulatory plan. In that regard, they ask as essential

features: transparency agreement and energetic skills. Regard this point, it seems important to

identify and evaluate energy saving opportunities and to secure the project costs coverage and the

support from project design to monitoring. Finally, in the future it will be important to pave the

way for clear agreements between the Municipalities and the ESCOs, based on clear rules and

responsibility, without any “bad surprise” and high risks.

FIGURE 2below shows the key features for cooperating with ESCOs. Energetic skills is an essential

factor for choosing and being supported by an ESCOs, followed by the transparency of agreements

instead of “reliability”. Reliability is in fact depends on mutual trust, while transparency of

agreements is something “more” and relies on objective elements.


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FIGURE 2 - KEY FACTORS IN COOPERATION BETWEEN ESCOS AND MUNICIPALITIES

2.3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS: MUNICIPALITY OF COIMBRA

Municipality of Coimbra did not have any previous experience with ESCOs. In general – quoting

the municipality statement - there is not a culture of investment in energy efficiency projects(..).

The interventions are scarce and done by municipal technicians, using municipality own financial

funds. In other words, there is not a strategic plan for the energy refurbishment and there is a lack

of culture in using private funds for this kind of projects.

However, the awareness towards the need to grasp new opportunities to improve energy

performance of the municipality by using new kind of financial schemes is increasing and the

CERtuS project can accelerate this process. In fact, the Municipality of Coimbra has many

expectations from CERtuS, because it can affect the culture in the Mediterranean Area as well as it

can create the conditions to change the current status.

Like the majority of the CERtuS municipalities, Transparency agreement and Energetic skills are the

essential requirements requested to an ESCO. As mentioned in the questionnaire: “The ESCOs are

decisive in the new energy paradigm, where efficiency, risk, investment and guarantee of results

Transparencyagreement

Reliability Capability ofproblem solving

Operating speed Energetic skills

What of these characteristics you consider fundamental for ESCOs and Municipalites cooperation ?

Coimbra Messina Alimos Errenteira


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marks new form of energy management in building”. Also in that case the emphasis is on

guarantee of results, investments and risk that should be clearly expressed in the agreement.

The main benefits that can be secured by cooperating with an ESCO are the energy bill reduction

in the long term without (or with a reduced) initial investment cost and with (potential) easier

access to credit lines. Other important benefit is the fact that ESCOs are responsible by the

dismantling of old inefficient equipments and the maintenance of the new equipments.

The main disadvantages pointed out in the questionnaire are:

In some cases, the payback results much higher when it is established an EPC - Energy

Performance Contracting - with an ESCO, because the transaction costs for procuring

energy services are too high;

The cost of money could be higher for the ESCO than for the client. In this case it could

be more attractive to opt for a different contract than the EPC which will always cost

more, at the end of the project (transaction costs are high).

Risk that the ESCO goes to bankruptcy.

The duration of the medium-long term of this contracts could be a problem for some

ESCO rather than for the Public Sector.

Complexity of the contracts.

Regard the main barriers of the EPC market in Portugal, have indicated the follow points:

Still lack of knowledge and experience – There are no representative examples to be used

as reference due to the lack of demand for EPCs (missing clients interested in this business

model). This lack of knowledge also leads to lack of trust (mistrust of this new type of

business that is too complex for the common knowledge).

No insurance schemes available for this business – while there is no demand there are no

insurance companies neither banks interested in the business.

For the ESCOs there are also barriers, since the actual framework for the implementation of EPC in

the public sector is not very attractive:


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There is no balance regarding the share of responsibilities among the ESCO and the State,

being very demanding for ESCO (has to invest, to take all risks, ...)

No guarantee that the ESCO receive the savings; nor the bank.

The main constraint ESCOs are facing nowadays in Portugal is the financing structure. The

economic crisis does affect the ESCO business. On one side the national banks lack funds and on

the other side, international banks are not interested to be associated to the Portuguese risk.

Moreover, Portuguese financing institutions also need to have a better knowledge about the

financing typologies and contracts, as well as about the technologies to be installed, in order to

facilitate more adequate financing contracts.


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3. REFERENCES.

www.adene.pt/sce

www.ecoap.adene.pt

www.fai.pt

http://www.eib.org/products/elena/

http://www.fundojessicaportugal.org/

http://www.adene.pt/sce

http://www.eib.org/products/elena/

http://www.fundojessicaportugal.org/


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The research leading to these results has received funding from the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme

of the European Union under grant agreement IEE/13/906/SI2.675068.


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ANNEX A: SURVEY ON COOPERATION BETWEEN CERTUS

MUNICIPALITIES AND ESCOS

CERtuS, acronym for Cost Efficient Options and Financing Mechanisms for nearly Zero Energy

Renovation of existing Buildings Stock, is a project co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe

Programme of the European Union, involving 13 Partners.

Southern European countries undergo a severe economic crisis. This hinders the compliance to the

latest Energy Efficiency Directive, demanding strict energy efficiency measures for the public

sector. Investments required to renovate public buildings and achieve nearly zero energy

consumption have long payback times and the interest of financing entities is often low. Public

entities often encounter difficulties in raising finance for investments. They often are not able to

finance their whole investment programme directly from public funding and their capacity to

leverage debt is increasingly limited. Many public buildings in Southern Europe require deep

renovations to become nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) and this should not be regarded as a

threat but rather as an opportunity for the energy service and the financing sector. Municipality

buildings have large potential in terms of energy saving from fossil fuel. Cooperation between

ESCOs and Municipalities can play a key role in turning energy-consuming Municipalities premises

into Nearly Zero Energy Buildings, through accelerating the pace of investment and mobilizing

private sector finance.

Therefore, the objective of this survey is to explore the state of the art of ESCOs and Municipality

cooperation so far so as to detect existing barriers to be overcome as well as opportunities to be

seized.

General Profile

1. Country and Name of the Municipality: …………………………………………………………

2. Name of the interviewee:………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Position held in the organization: …………………………………………………………………..


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Questions

4. Has your municipality ever cooperated with an ESCO?

a. If yes, describe which kind of cooperation

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………

b. If not, according to you which is the main reason

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………

5. What of these characteristics you consider fundamental for ESCOs and Municipality cooperation? (Please, indicate no more than two characteristics)

1. Transparency agreement

2. Reliability

3. Capability of problem solving

4. Operating speed

5. Energetic skills

6. In your opinion, do you consider the precedent characteristic, indicated by yourself , part of your experience?

Yes

No


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If no, please indicate the reasons

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………..

7. Which kind of contract did you agree with ESCOs?

(Please, indicate the years also)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………….

8. Please, indicate the main features of the contract agreed?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Which kind of intervention was funded

1. Equipments upgrading

2. Energy Refurbishment

3. the management and maintenance of energy supply

4. Other, please specify_____________________

10. Indicate the amount of investment?


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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

11. The pay-back period agreed with the ESCO for covering the investment was respected?

Yes No

If no, indicate the main reasons

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………….

12.What of these statements could you consider correct ?

o The cooperation with ESCOs has been an excellent experience

o The Cooperation with ESCOs cannot be considered a good experience

o I have never collaborated with ESCOs, but I’m going to collaborate soon

13. Is your organization interested in cooperating soon with an ESCO for improving energy performance of its buildings?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

14. According to you, cooperation with ESCOs is useful for improving the energy performance of your organization. Why?


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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

.


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DELIVERABLE 3 - pdc.minambiente.it · Deliverable D3.4 Report on analysis of current conditions for Coimbra V. 3.0, 18/5/2015 Final vii CERtuS – GA no. IEE/13/906/SI2.675068. Deliverable