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=. Bncpr`snr mat`remtkvn n f` pkste

Ans bncpr`snr`s f` pkste tk`e`e uem lmcm f` pnt`ebkms cuy mcpakm y s` utkakzme prkebkpmac`et` `e r`irkl`rmbke `empakbmbkne`s f` p`qu`m y c`fkmem pnt`ebkm. @ste inrcmfns oskbmc`et` pnr ue bkakefrn, bne vavuams f` mspkrmbke yf`sbmrlm, f`etrn f`a buma s` f`sakzm `a pkste mrrkom y momgn, lrmbkms ma skst`cm ok`am-cmekv`am `a buma trmesinrcm `a

cnvkck`etn rntmtnrkn prnpnrbknemfn pnr ue cntnr `abtrkbn, `e ue cnvkck`etn mat`remtkvn n vmkve.

Ikl. =7 Xmrt`s `a`c`etma`s f` ue bncpr`snr mat`remtkvn

@e bumetn m ams inrcms bnestrubtkvms f` ans bncpr`snr`s mat`remtkvns `e an qu` s` r`ik`r` ma ec`rn f` bkakefrns, s` su`a`

fkspne`r f` bncpr`snr`s mat`remtkvns d`rctkbns f` =, ? n 6 bkakefrns y `e `a bmsn f` ans s`ckd`rctkbns f` ?, 2, 6, 9 y 4bkakefrns

Ikl. ?7 Fkstketms inrcms bnestrubtkvms f` ans bncpr`snr`s mat`remtkvns

Xmrm `a s`btnr f` uatrmbnel`ambke `xtr`cm s` dme br`mfnbncpr`snr`s m pkste f` fns `tmpms f` bncpr`ske,`vktmefn ms t`cp`rmturms f` s`rvkbkn `xtr`cms ybneskluk`efn ue iuebknemck`etn ikmoa`.

Am r`ambke f` bkakefrns qu` trmomgme `e am pmrt` omgm y ans

qu` an dmb`e `e matm, f`ikekre am t`cp`rmturm f` am `tmpmket`rc`fkm. Am r`ambke kfe`m `s f` 27=, `s f`bkr, 9bkakefrns `e omgm y ? `e matm. Vmcoke s` su`a` usmr am f`?7=, sk ok`e ans ackt`s f` mpakbmbke sne cs `strkbtns.

Ikl. 27 Bncpr`snr ? `tmpms (Oktz`r)

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=.= Iuebknemck`etn f`a bncpr`snr mat`remtkvn

Rupnelmcns qu` `a pkste s` `ebu`etrm `e am pmrt` cs matm f`a bkakefrn, s`le s` mpr`bkm `e am iklurm 6. Ams vavuams f`mspkrmbke y f`sbmrlm s` `ebu`etrme b`rrmfms (puetn f `e `a lrikbn pr`ske vnauc`e). @a pkste bnc`ezmr am bmrr`rm

f`sb`ef`et` `e `a ket`rknr f`a bkakefrn, fksckeuy`efn am pr`ske dmstm mabmezmr `a puetn m (v`r iklurm 0). @e `st` kestmet`, amf`pr`ske l`e`rmfm `e `a ket`rknr f`a bkakefrn dmb` qu` am vavuam f` mspkrmbke morm, cnc`etn `e `a buma bnck`ezm maa`emrs` f` lms `a bkakefrn, prnb`sn qu` bnetkeum dmstm qu` `a pkste mabmeb` su pnskbke cs omgm `e `a ket`rknr f`a bkakefrn,puetn o `e am iklurm 9.

Ikl. 67 @tmpm (f-m) _@@TXMERKNE Ikl. 07 @tmpm (m-o) MRXK_MBKE

Ikl. 97 @tmpm (o-b) BNCX_@RKNE Ikl.

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@a prnb`sn f` bncpr`ske f`a lms bnetkem dmstm mabmezmr `a puetn b f` am iklurm

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Ams vavuams vme cnetmfms `e `a aamcmfn pamtn f` vavuams sktumfn `e am buamtm, su msp`btn pu`f` s`r `a f` amiklurm =8, vkstm pnr mcoms bmrms, pmrm ue bncpr`snr f` ? bkakefrns.

Ikl. =87 F`tmaa` f`a pamtn f` vavuamsYAYPAMR F@ R@_YKBKN. Rnor` `a bncpr`snr vmecnetmfms ams vavuams f` s`rvkbkn f` mspkrmbke y f`sbmrlm

qu` pu`f`e mfnptmr tr`s pnskbkne`s. Xu`f`e bncuekbmr `abncpr`snr, bne am tuo`rm bnrr`spnefk`et` (mspkrmbke n

f`sbmrlm), y/n bne uem tncm f` pr`ske pmrm bne`btmr uecmec`trn n pmrm amonr`s f` cmet`ekck`etn, bncn bmrlm f`r`irkl`rmet`, r`makzmr a vmbn, tb.

Xmrm kf`etkikbmr `stms vavuams pnf`cns s`lukr vmrknsprnb`fkck`etns. @a prkc`rn y cs s`ebkaan `s a``r am

s`rklrmim qu` su`a` v`ekr `e am bmo`zm f`a bncpr`snr, A nAX pmrm omgm pr`ske y D n DX pmrm matm pr`ske.

M v`b`s sk en `xkst` s`rklrmim qu` kf`etkikqu` `a amfn f` matm

y f` omgm pr`ske, pnf`cns ikgmrens `e `a fkc`trn f` amstuo`rms. Am tuo`rm f` cmynr fkc`trn s` bnrr`spnef` bne am

vavuam f` s`rvkbkn f` mspkrmbke. Xnr atkcn, `e ansbncpr`snr`s s`ckd`rctkbns, ens ikgmr`cns `e am pnskbkef` am vavuam. Rk s` `ebu`etrm `e `a amfn f`a cntnr `abtrkbn`etneb`s s` trmtm f` am vavuam f` mspkrmbke, ym qu` s`mprnv`bdm am omgm t`cp`rmturm f`a r`irkl`rmet` pmrm r`irkl`rmrans f`vmemfns f`a bncpr`snr.

Ikl. ==7 F`tmaa` f`a bncpr`snr bne vavuams f` s`rvkbkn

_@RKRV@EBKM F@ BM_V@_7 @a mb`kt` qu` s` `ebu`etrm `e `a bmrt`r f` ue bncpr`snr pu`f` mosnro`r uem bmetkfmfcmynr n c`enr f` r`irkl`rmet` f`p`efk`efn f` am pr`ske y t`cp`rmturm `xkst`et` `e fkbdn bmrt`r. Dmy qu` t`e`rpr`s`et` qu` bumetn cmynr s`m `a bnet`ekfn f` r`irkl`rmet` fksu`atn `e `a mb`kt`, ke`vktmoa`c`et` f`t`rknrmrm am

bmpmbkfmf auorkbmet` f` `st` atkcn. Xnr an tmetn, `a d`bdn f` qu` `a bnet`ekfn f` r`irkl`rmet` `e `a mb`kt` s`m cs omgnm matms t`cp`rmturms y omgms pr`skne`s `s am rmze qu` gustkikbm am kestmambke f` r`skst`ebkms `abtrkbms `e `a bmrt`r f`abncpr`snr. Am iuebke f` am r`skst`ebkm f` bmrt`r `s am f` cmet`e`r am t`cp`rmturm f`a mb`kt` furmet` am pmrmfm f`abncpr`snr pnr `ebkcm f` am f`a puetn cs irn f`a skst`cm.

Xmrm v`r tnfns ans bncpne`et`s y r`pu`stns f` ans bncpr`snr`s, pu`f`s bnesuatmr am plkem w`o f`a imorkbmet` f`a

bncpr`snr `e `stufkn. M cnfn f` `g`cpan t` kefkbmcns am w`o f`a imorkbmet` f` bncpr`snr`s OKVW@_7www.oktz`r.f`/`s/Dnc

Rk mbb`f`cns m fkbdm plkem, pu`f`s v`r `e `a c`e Xrnfubtns y s`rvkbkns, am pnskokakfmf f` mbb`f`r m prnlrmcms y `a`lkr`a snitwmr` f` pk`zms f` r`pu`stns.

@e am iklurm =? s` cu`strm ue `g`cpan, fnef` uem v`z `a`lkfn ue f`t`rckemfn tkpn f` bncpr`snr y cnf`an, vksumakzmcns `af`spk`b` y t`e`cns am pnskokakfmf f` mmfkr ma bmrrn f` am bncprm ans r`pu`stns qu` f`s``cns, vksumakzefns` tnfns ansfmtns r`i`r`et`s m `aans.

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Ikl. =?7 Rnitwmr` f` pk`zms f` r`bmcokn (Oktz`r).

=.2 Fkspnsktkvns f` auorkbmbke f`a bncpr`snr mat`remtkvn

@a mb`kt` f` ans bncpr`snr`s auorkbm ams pmrt`s cvka`s y bk`rrm `a `spmbkn `etr` `a bkakefrn y `a pkste. R` `cpa`me fnsskst`cms f` auorkbmbke: `a omront`n n pnr oncom f` mb`kt`.

Rkst`cm pnr omront`ns` `cpa`m dmstm 6 0 BY. Iuebknem f` am skluk`et` cme`rm7 F`etrn f`a ekv`a f` mb`kt` qu``xkst` `e `a bncpr`snr s` ketrnfub` uem f` ams pmrt`s cvka`s f`a bncpr`snr, bncn pu`f` s`r uem bmzna`tm f` am

ok`am, ue `g` f`a bkl`ma du`bn, `tb. @stm pmrt` cvka smapkbm n bnefub `a mb`kt` dmbkm ntrms pmrt`s f`a bncpr`snr.

Ikl. =27 Rkst`cm f` auorkbmbke pnr smapkbmfurm Ikl. =67 Rkst`cm f` auorkbmbke c`fkmet` oncom f` mb`kt`

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Oncom f` mb`kt`7 Xmrm bncpr`snr`s m pmrtkr f` 0 BY `s e`b`smrkn cnetmr uem oncom f` mb`kt` am buma vm cnetmfmsnor` `a prnpkn `g` f`a bncpr`snr, `e `a amfn npu`stn ma cntnr `abtrkbn. Ru iuebke `s am f` ms`lurmr am auorkbmbkef` ams pmrt`s cvka`s f`a bncpr`snr, mspkrmefn `a mb`kt` f`a bmrt`r f`a bncpr`snr y an bnefub` m bk`rtm pr`ske pnr uebnefubtn m tnfms ams pmrt`s cvka`s (bkl`ma, pkstne`s, ok`ams) ams buma`s tk`e`e ue nrkikbkn pnr fnef` sma` `a mb`kt`.

Vnfns ans bncpr`snr`s bne oncom f` mb`kt` dme f` aa`vmr ue pr`snstmtn fki`r`ebkma f` mb`kt`.

=.6 Bncpr`snr`s f` pkste s`ckd`rctkbns

Am inrcm l`e`rma f` ans bncpr`snr`s s`ckd`rctkbns f` pkste s` ms`c`gm m ans f` tkpn mok`rtn. Am bmrbmsm f` dk`rrniuefkfn mbnstucorm m kebnrpnrmr uems ma`tms pmrm imbkaktmr am fkskpmbke f`a bmanr. @e su ket`rknr s` fki`r`ebkm pnr ue amfn `a

bncpr`snr prnpkmc`et` fkbdn y `a cntnr f` mbbknemck`etn bncpmrtk`efn `a ckscn `g` an qu` `akckem rukfns `e amtrmesckske bncn nburr` bumefn s` utkakzme ans bncpr`snr`s mok`rtns.

Ikl. =07 Bncpr`snr s`ckd`rctkbn mat`remtkvn

@e ans cntnbncpr`snr`s f` pnt`ebkm `a`vmfm, am mspkrmbke f` ans vmpnr`s irns s` `i`btm pnr su pmrt` pnst`rknr. Met`sf` p`e`trmr `e am bcmrm f` mspkrmbke f` am buamtm, ans vmpnr`s irns omme ans onokemfns f`a `stmtnr f`a cntnr y ans`eirme, bma`etefns` akl`rmc`et` met`s f` s`r mfcktkfns `e ans bkakefrns.

2.9 Bncpr`snr`s mat`remtkvns n f` pkste d`rctkbns

@e ans bncpr`snr`s d`rctkbns (iklurm =9), tmetn `a cntnr bncn `a bncpr`snr s` `ebu`etrme `e `a ket`rknr f` uem ekbmbnrmzm qu` st snafmfm. Xns``e ams skluk`et`s bmrmbt`rstkbms7

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