C«ng ty ®iÖn to¸n vµ truyÒn sè liÖu bu ®iÖn · Trung t©m §iÖn to¸n - Tr_____uyÒn sã liÖu KV1 H−íng dÉn sö dông Internet

http://www.vncold.vn

Trung tm in ton - Truyn s liu KV1 Hng dn s dng Internet_________________________________________________________________

Mc Lc

Li ni u 4

Chng I. Internet v cc dch v 51. Lch s pht trin ....................................................................................................5

2. T chc ca Internet ...............................................................................................6

3. Vn qun l mng Internet.................................................................................8

4. Giao thc TCP/IP ...................................................................................................9 4.1 M hnh tham chiu OSI.................................................................................9 4.2 Cc tng ca mt hnh OSI. ............................................................................9 4.3 Giao thc TCP/IP ..........................................................................................10

4.3.1 Cc tng giao thc TCP/IP ...........................................................................10 4.3.2 Phng php nh a ch trong TCP/IP ......................................................11

5. Dch v nh tn vng - Domain Name Service (DNS) .......................................13

6. Cc dch v thng tin trn Internet .......................................................................15 6.1. Dch v th in t - Electronic Mail (E-mail).............................................15

6.1.1 Mailing List .................................................................................................16 6.2 Dch v mng thng tin ton cu WWW (World Wide Web)......................17 6.3 Dch v truyn file - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) .......................................18 6.4 Dch v Remote Login - Telnet ....................................................................19 6.5 Dch v nhm thng tin News (USENET)....................................................20 6.6 Dch v Gopher ...................................................................................................22 6.7 Dch v tm kim thng tin din rng - WAIS (Wide Area Information Server) 22 6.8 Dch v hi thoi trn Internet - IRC ..................................................................23

7. Khai thc dch v Internet ....................................................................................23

Chng II. Thng tin v ng k, h tr Internet 25

Chng iII: Hng dn ci t kt ni Internet 27 1. Thit lp cu hnh cho Windows...........................................................................27

1.1 Ci t modem ..............................................................................................28 1.2 Ci t Dial-up Adapter ................................................................................30 1.3 Ci t TCP/IP ...................................................................................................31 1.4 Ci t Dial-up Networking ...............................................................................32 1.5 To kt ni mng ...............................................................................................33

2. Khai bo cc thng s k thut v Internet cho h iu hnh Windows ..............36

3. Thit lp cu hnh cho Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.x (MSIE) ..........................37

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4. Thit lp cu hnh cho Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.x (MSIE) ..........................37

5. Thit lp cu hnh cho Netscape Communicator 4.x............................................39

Chng Iv. Hng dn s dng cc dch v Internet 40

1. Kt ni Internet .....................................................................................................40

2. i mt khu (Password) truy nhp mng v mt khu E-mail ..........................42 2.1 i mt khu truy nhp Internet .........................................................................42 2.2 i mt khu E-mail...........................................................................................44

3. World Wide Web, cc chc nng c bn ca trnh duyt Internet ...........................45 3.1 M mt trang Web trn Internet: ........................................................................45 3.2 nh hng trn Web..........................................................................................46 3.3 iu khin qu trnh np (ti, download) ti liu trn Web: ..............................46 3.4 Gi chng trnh gi nhn e-mail t Web Browser ............................................46 3.5 Son tho mt e-mai t Web Browser.................................................................46 3.6 Lu li cc a ch Web a thch, s dng tnh nng Bookmark (Favorities):....46 3.7 Thay i kch thc Fonts ch:...........................................................................47 3.8 M mt lc nhiu web site..................................................................................47 3.9 Tng tc trnh duyt Web ...................................................................................47

4. Tm kim thng tin trn Internet ...............................................................................47

Chng IV: Hng dn s dng th in t (E-mail) 53

1. Hng dn s dng phn mm Internet mail ...........................................................53 1.1 Ci t cu hnh cho internet mail ......................................................................53 1.2 Hng Dn S Dng chng trnh Internet Mail................................................56

2 . Hng dn s dng phn mm Outlook Express .....................................................59 2.1 Ci t chng trnh Outlook Express ................................................................59 2.2 S dng phn mm gi v nhn th ..............................................................65

3. S dng WEB MAIL. .................................................................................................71 3.1 ng k m hp th VOL.VNN.VN ..................................................................71

4. MAIL FIlTER ............................................................................................................77 4.1 S dng Mail Filter trong Netscape Mail............................................................77 4.2 S dng Mail Filter trong Internet Mail..............................................................80 4.3 S dng Mail Filter trong Outlook......................................................................81

Chng V. Cc cu hi thng gp 83

Ph Lc A. Qui trnh thit lp Multilink PPP cho my tnh kt ni Internet 91

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1. Yu cu v cc thit b kt ni Internet dng Multilink : ..........................................91

2. Thit lp s dng Multilink trong Win98 ..................................................................91

3. Thit lp s dng Multilink trong Window NT 4.0 Service Pack 4,5,6 ....................94

Ph lc B. cc t kho c bn ca Internet 95

Ph lc C. Mt s trang WEB thng dng 102

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Li ni u hn 3 nm qua, dch v Internet Vit Nam a chng ta n vi th gii y

hp dn ca k thut s. N thc s tr thnh cng c hu ch, l ngi bn, ngi cng s c lc khng th thiu cho cc nh nghin cu, hc sinh, sinh vin, cc t chc, gia nh v doanh nghip. N gp phn lm cho Vit Nam chng ta tr thnh mi trng u t hp dn hn, bi tt c khng cn g cch bit v khng gian ng sau chic my tnh v mt ng in thoi. u u cng thy Mail, thy Internet, tng nh mi nh, mi ngi chng cn ai xa l g vi th gii thng tin y hp dn ny. Vy m cng hn 3 nm, trong cuc cnh tranh ginh th phn gia cc nh cung cp dch v, ngi thnh cng nht l Tng cng ty Bu chnh Vin thng(Vi gn 70% th phn)th s khch hng cng cha vt qua con s 50.000, v tng khch hng ca c 4 nh cung cp dch v cng cha t ti 80.000, mt s lng qu b nh so vi mt t nc hn 70 triu dn, c nh gi l mt th trng y tim nng i vi cc nh cung cp. Phi chng gi c lm cho Internet ging nh mt mn n rt ngon m chng my ai dng c v qu t?Nhng nu bn tng s dng th in t, gi trn lan cho bn b v ngi thn khp ni trong nc v trn th gii vi cc ph vn vn 45.000 ng mt thng, nu bn tng tm kim c nhng thng tin v cng hu ch m Vit Nam khng cch no, tin no mua c th vn khng phi l nh vy. L nhng ngi trc tip h tr dch v Internet ca VDC(C quan cung cp dch v Internet ca Tng Cng ty Bu chnh Vin thng) chng ti cho rng kh khn khch hng n vi Internet v cc dch v ca n ch yu l vn ngoi ng v cch s dng. Mc ch ra i ca cun sch ny l nhm em n cho bn c, nhng ngi ln u tin hoc cn t tip xc vi Internet mt cng c h tr c lc cho vic khai thc s dng. Cun sch ny c chia lm 5 chng v 3 phu lc.

- ChngI: Gii thiu cc khi nim v Internet v cc dch v. cc bn c mt cht khi nim c bn nht v Internet.

- Chng II: Gii thiu cc thng tin v nh cung cp dch v, khi bn cn s h tr th lin lc u.

- Chng III: Hng dn ci t, thit lp thng s truy nhp Internet. Bn s cn n phn ny khi ln u ci t cng nh khi bn ci li Windows.v.v.

- Chng IV: Hng dn Innternet, cc chc nng ca trnh duyt Web, i mt khu truy nhp v E-mail. Tra cu thng tin trn Internet.

- Chng V: Hng dn ci t tham s ban u cho chng trnh th in t, cc s dng gi, nhn th in t vi cc phn mm thng dng.

- Chng VI: Tr li cc cu hi thng gp. - Cc ph lc hng dn ci t MPP, cc trang Web thng dng, gii ngha

cc thut ng, vit tt. Vi tham vng a n cho bn c nhng thng tin cn thit khi mi lm quen

vi dch v Internet. Tuy nhin khng trnh khi nhng sai st v ni dung v phng php trnh by ca ti liu.Chng ti mong nhn c nhiu kin gp , ph bnh c th rt kinh nghim gip cho ln ti bn tip theo c cht lng hn, hu ch hn.

Nhm tc gi

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Chng I. Internet v cc dch v 1. Lch s pht trin

Mng Internet ngy nay l mt mng ton cu, bao gm hng chc triu ngi s dng, c hnh thnh t cui thp k 60 t mt th nghim ca B quc phng M. Ti thi im ban u l mng ARPAnet ca Ban qun l d n nghin cu Quc phng .ARPAnet l mt mng th nghim phc v cc nghin cu quc phng, mt trong nhng mc ch ca n l xy dng mt mng my tnh c kh nng chu ng cc s c ( v d mt s nt mng b tn cng v ph hu nhng mng vn tip tc hot ng ). Mng cho php mt my tnh bt k trn mng lin lc vi mi my tnh khc.

Kh nng kt ni cc h thng my tnh khc nhau hp dn mi ngi, v li y cng l phng php thc t duy nht kt ni cc my tnh ca cc hng khc nhau. Kt qu l cc nh pht trin phn mm M, Anh v Chu u bt u pht trin cc phn mm trn b giao thc TCP/IP (giao thc c s dng trong vic truyn thng trn Internet) cho tt c cc loi my. iu ny cng hp dn cc trng i hc, cc trung tm nghin cu ln v cc c quan chnh ph, nhng ni mong mun mua my tnh t cc nh sn xut, khng b ph thuc vo mt hng c nh no.

Bn cnh cc h thng cc b LAN bt u pht trin cng vi s xut hin cc my bn ( desktop workstations )- 1983. Phn ln cc my bn s dng Berkeley UNIX, phn mm cho kt ni TCP/IP c coi l mt phn ca h iu hnh ny. Mt iu r rng l cc mng ny c th kt ni vi nhau d dng.

Trong qu trnh hnh thnh mng Internet, NSFNET ( c s ti tr ca Hi khoa hc Quc gia M) ng mt vai tr tng i quan trng. Vo cui nhng nm 80, NFS thit lp 5 trung tm siu my tnh. Trc , nhng my tnh nhanh nht th gii c s dng cho cng vic pht trin v kh mi v mt vi hng ln. Vi cc trung tm mi ny, NFS cho php mi ngi hot ng trong lnh vc khoa hc c s dng. Ban u, NFS nh s dng ARPAnet ni 5 trung tm my tnh ny, nhng ny b thi quan liu v b my hnh chnh lm tht bi. V vy, NFS quyt nh xy dng mng ring ca mnh, vn da trn th tc TCP/IP, ng truyn tc 56kbps. Cc trng i hc c ni thnh cc mng vng, v cc mng vng c ni vi cc trung tm siu my tnh.

n cui nm 1987, khi lng thng tin truyn ti lm cc my tnh kim sot ng truyn v bn thn mng in thoi ni cc trung tm siu my tnh b qu ti, mt hp ng v nng cp mng NSFNET c k vi cng ty Merit Network Inc, cng ty ang cng vi IBM v MCI qun l mng gio dc Michigan. Mng c c nng cp bng ng in thoi nhanh nht lc by gi, cho php nng tc ln gp 20 ln. Cc my tnh kim sot mng cng c nng cp. Vic nng cp mng vn lin tc c tin hnh, c bit trong nhng nm cui cng do s lng ngi s dng Internet tng nhanh chng.

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im quan trng ca NSFNET l n cho php mi ngi cng s dng. Trc NSFNET, ch c cc nh khoa hc, chuyn gia my tnh v nhn vin cc c quan chnh ph c c kt ni Internet. NSF ch ti tr cho cc trng i hc ni mng, do mi sinh vin i hc u c kh nng lm vic trn Internet.

Ngy nay mng Internet c pht trin nhanh chng trong gii khoa hc v gio dc ca M, sau pht trin rng ton cu, phc v mt cch c lc cho vic trao i thng tin trc ht trong cc lnh vc nghin cu, gio dc v gn y cho thng mi.

2. T chc ca Internet

Internet l mt lin mng, tc l mng ca cc mng con. Vy u tin l vn kt ni hai mng con. kt ni hai mng con vi nhau, c hai vn cn gii quyt. V mt vt l, hai mng con ch c th kt ni vi nhau khi c mt my tnh c th kt ni vi c hai mng ny. Vic kt ni n thun v vy l cha th lm cho hai mng con c th trao i thng tin vi nhau. Vy vn th hai l my kt ni c v mt vt l vi hai mng con phi hiu c c hai giao thc truyn tin c s dng trn hai mng con ny v cc gi thng tin ca hai mng con s c gi qua nhau thng qua . My tnh ny c gi l internet gateway hay router.

R

Net 1 Net 2

Hnh 1.1: Hai mng Net 1 v Net 2 kt ni thng qua router R.

Khi kt ni tr nn phc tp hn, cc my gateway cn phi bit v s kin trc ca cc mng kt ni. V d trong hnh sau y cho thy nhiu mng c kt ni bng 2 router.

R 1 R 2

Net 1 Net 2 Net 3

Hnh 1.2: 3 mng kt ni vi nhau thng qua 2 router

Nh vy, router R1 phi chuyn tt c cc gi thng tin n mt my nm mng Net 2 hoc Net 3. Vi kch thc ln nh mng Internet, vic cc routers lm sao c th quyt nh v vic chuyn cc gi thng tin cho cc my trong cc mng s tr nn phc tp hn.

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cc routers c th thc hin c cng vic chuyn mt s ln cc gi thng tin thuc cc mng khc nhau ngi ta ra quy tc l:

Cc routers chuyn cc gi thng tin da trn a ch mng ca ni n, ch khng phi da trn a ch ca my my nhn .

Nh vy, da trn a ch mng nn tng s thng tin m router phi lu gi v s kin trc mng s tun theo s mng trn Internet ch khng phi l s my trn Internet.

Trn Internet, tt c cc mng u c quyn bnh ng cho d chng c t chc hay s lng my l rt chnh lch nhau. Giao thc TCP/IP ca Internet hot ng tun theo quan im sau:

Tt cc cc mng con trong Internet nh l Ethernet, mt mng din rng nh NSFNET back bone hay mt lin kt im-im gia hai my duy nht u c coi nh l mt mng.

iu ny xut pht t quan im u tin khi thit k giao thc TCP/IP l c th lin kt gia cc mng c kin trc hon ton khc nhau, khi nim "mng" i vi TCP/IP b n i phn kin trc vt l ca mng. y chnh l im gip cho TCP/IP t ra rt mnh.

Nh vy, ngi dng trong Internet hnh dung Internet lm mt mng thng nht v bt k hai my no trn Internet u c ni vi nhau thng qua mt mng duy nht. Hnh v sau m t kin trc tng th ca Internet.

Internet

host

(a)

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router

Internet

Physical net

host

(b)

Hnh 1.3: (a) - Mng Internet di con mt ngi s dng. Cc my c ni vi nhau thng qua mt mng duy nht. (b) - Kin trc tng qut ca mng Internet. Cc routers cung cp cc kt ni gia cc mng.

3. Vn qun l mng Internet

Thc cht Internet khng thuc quyn qun l ca bt k ai. N khng c gim c, khng c ban qun tr. Bn c th tham gia hoc khng tham gia vo Internet, l quyn ca mi thnh vin. Mi mng thnh phn s c mt gim c hay ch tch, mt c quan chnh ph hoc mt hng iu hnh, nhng khng c mt t chc no chu trch nhim v ton b Internet.

Hip hi Internet ( Internet Socity- ISOC) l mt hip hi t nguyn c mc ch pht trin kh nng trao i thng tin da vo cng ngh Internet. Hip hi bu ra Internet Architecture Board- IAB (U ban kin trc mng). Ban ny c trch nhim a ra cc hng dn v k thut cng nh phng hng pht trin Internet. IAB hp nh k bn v cc vn nh cc chun, cch phn chia ti nguyn, a ch ...

Mi ngi trn Internet th hin nguyn vng ca mnh thng qua u ban k thut Internet ( Internet Engineering Task Force - IETF ). IETF cng l mt t chc t nguyn, c mc ch tho lun v cc vn k thut v s hot ng ca Internet. Nu mt vn c coi trng, IETF lp mt nhm k thut nghin cu vn ny.

Nhm c trch nghin cu pht trin Internet ( IRTF )

Trung tm thng tin mng ( Network information center-NIC ) gm c nhiu trung tm khu vc nh APNIC - khu vc Chu -Thi bnh dng. NIC chu trch nhim phn tn v a ch cho cc mng my tnh ni vo Internet.

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4. Giao thc TCP/IP Trc tin hiu s phn cp gia cc phn t ca mng v cc chc nng m chng thc hin, ta cn mt tiu chun so snh hay mt m hnh nh ngha cc chc nng ny. Mt m hnh c chp nhn chung l m hnh tham chiu OSI.

4.1 M hnh tham chiu OSI M hnh c bn so snh cc giao thc l m hnh tham chiu OSI (Open Systems Interconnection). Hin nay, tt c cc nh sn xut u da trn m hnh ny to ra cc thit lp giao thc chun quc t, chun cng nghip hoc giao thc c quyn ca h. M hnh OSI c t chc ISO (International Organization of Standards) pht trin vo nm 1978 xc nh mt chun dng cho vic pht trin cc h thng m v dng nh mt tiu chun so snh s khc bit gia cc h thng lin lc. Cc h thng mng thit k theo dng v k thut OSI s "ni cng ngn ng", c ngha l chng s dng cc phng thc lin lc ging v tng thch vi nhau. H thng mng kiu cho php cc sn phm ca nhiu nh sn xut tng tc c vi nhau.

4.2 Cc tng ca mt hnh OSI. M hnh OSI c 7 tng, nh trn Hnh v .Chc nng c th ca cc tng nh sau:

Tng Vt L: Cung cp cc phng tin in, c, hm v th tc khi ng, duy tr v hu b cc lin kt vt l cho php ng truyn cc dng d liu dng bit.

Tng Lin kt D liu: Thit lp, duy tr v hu b cc lin kt d liu. Kim sot lung d liu, pht hin v khc phc sai st truyn tin trn cc lin kt .

Tng Mng: thc hin chc nng chuyn tip, m bo vic chn ng truyn tin trong mng; cng c th thc hin kim sot lung d liu, khc phc sai st, ct / hp d liu.

Tng Giao vn: kim sot t mt - n - mt (end to end) lung d liu, khc phc sai st. Tng ny

Application

DataLink

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Physical

ng dng

Lin kt d liu

Mng

Giao vn

Phin

Trnh din

Vt l

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Hnh 1.4: M hnh tham OSI

cng c th thc hin vic ct / hp d liu, ghp knh / phn knh (multiplexing / demultiplexing).

Tng Phin: thit lp, duy tr, ng b ho v hu b cc phin truyn thng.

Tng Trnh: Biu din, m ho thng tin theo c php d liu ca ngi s dng.

Tng ng dng: L giao din gia ngi s dng v mi trng OSI. N nh danh cc thc th truyn thng v nh danh cc i tng c truyn.

4.3 Giao thc TCP/IP Ngi ta thng dng t TCP/IP ch mt s cc khi nim v tng khc nhau.

Thng dng nht l n m t hai giao thc lin lc dng truyn d liu. TCP tc l Transmission Control Protocol v IP c ngha l Internet Protocol. Khi nim TCP/IP khng ch b gii hn hai giao thc ny. Thng th TCP/IP c dng ch mt nhm cc giao thc c lin quan n TCP v IP nh UDP (User Datagram Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), TELNET (Terminal Emulation Protocol) v v.v...Cc mng dng TCP/IP gi l cc TCP/IP internet.

V ngun gc, TCP/IP c thit k trong ht nhn ca h iu hnh BSD UNIX 4.2. y l mt phin bn mnh ca UNIX, v cng l mt l do cho s ph bin rng ri ca TCP/IP. Hu ht cc trng i hc v nhiu t chc nghin cu dng BSD UNIX. Ngy nay, a s cc my tnh trn Internet chy cc phin bn l con chu trc tip ca BSD UNIX. Thm na, nhiu bn thng mi ca UNIX nh SunOS ca SUN hay Ultrix ca Digital u pht sinh t bn BSD UNIX 4.2. S thit lp TCP/IP trong UNIX System V cng b nh hng rt ln ca BSD UNIX, cng nh th i vi TCP/IP ca Novell trn DOS (cc sn phm LANWorkplace) v NetWare 3.x/4.x.

4.3.1 Cc tng giao thc TCP/IP

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Transportlayer

Networklayer

Linklayer

Application

DataLink

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Physical

ARP HardwareInterface RARP

ICMP IP IGMP

TCP UDP

ApplicationLayer

Program Program

Hnh 1.5: cc tng ca TCP/IP so vi 7 tng tng ng ca OSI.

TCP: Th tc lin lc tng giao vn ca TCP/IP. TCP c nhim v m bo lin lc thng sut v tnh ng n ca d liu gia 2 u ca kt ni, da trn cc gi tin IP.

UDP: User Datagram Protocol - Th tc lin kt tng giao vn ca TCP/IP. Khc vi TCP, UDP khng m bo kh nng thng sut ca d liu, cng khng c ch sa li. B li, UDP cho tc truyn d liu cao hn TCP.

IP: Internet Protocol - L giao thc tng th 3 ca TCP/IP, n c trch nhim vn chuyn cc datagram qua mng internet.

ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol - Th tc truyn cc thng tin iu khin trn mng TCP/IP.

IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol - L mt giao thc dng iu khin cc thng tin ca nhm.

ARP: Address Resolution Protocol - L giao thc tng lin kt d liu. Chc nng ca n l tm a ch vt l ng vi mt a ch IP no . Mun vy n thc hin broadcasting trn mng, v my trm no c a ch IP trng vi a ch IP ang c hi s tr li thng tin v a ch vt l ca n.

RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol - l mt giao thc cho php mt my tnh tm ra a ch IP ca n bng cch broadcasting li yu cu trn ton mng.

4.3.2 Phng php nh a ch trong TCP/IP

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c th thc hin truyn tin gia cc my trn mng, mi my tnh trn mng TCP/IP cn phi c mt a ch xc nh gi l a ch IP. a ch IP c to bi mt s 32 bits.

Lp mng (Network Class) Cc a ch IP c chi ra lm hai phn, mt phn xc nh mng (net id) v mt

phn xc nh host (host id). Cc lp mng xc nh s bits c dnh cho mi phn mng v phn host. C nm lp mng l A, B, C, D, E, trong ba lp u l c dng cho mc ch thng thng, cn hai lp D v E c dnh cho nhng mc ch c bit v tng lai. Hnh v sau cho thy cu trc ca mt a ch IP:

class ID Nework ID Host ID

031

Cu trc a ch IP

Bng phn lp a ch IP:

Network class S mng S Hosts trong mng

A 126 16.777.214

B 16.382 65.534

C 2.097.150 254

Khng phi tt c cc s hiu mng (net id) u c th dng c. Mt s a ch c dnh cho nhng mc ch c bit. V d nh mng 127.0.0.0 dng cho a ch loopback.

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0 Network ID Host ID

729 28 8

1

30

1

31


02331 30 24

31


01530 29 16

1

Khun dng a ch IP lp A

Khun dng a ch IP lp B

Khun dng a ch IP lp C

Lp A c s mng t nht, nhng mi mng li c nhiu host thch hp vi cc t chc ln c nhiu my tnh.

Lp B c s mng v s host va phi.

Cn lp C c nhiu mng nhng mi mng ch c th c 254 host, thch hp vi t chc c t my tnh.

d cho ngi c, ngi ta thng biu din a ch IP di dng chm thp phn. Mt a ch IP khi s c biu din bi 4 s thp phn c gi tr t 0 n 255 v c phn cch nhau bi du chm (.). Mi gi tr thp phn biu din 8 bits trong a ch IP.

V d mt a ch IP ca my ch web ti VDC l 203.162.0.8.

Trn mng Internet, vic qun l v phn phi a ch IP l do NIC (Network Information Center). Va qua Vit Nam c trung tm thng tin Internet ti vng chu Thi Bnh Dng (APNIC) phn cho khong 70 class C a ch IP

Vi s bng n ca s my tnh kt ni vo mng Internet, a ch IP tr thnh mt ti nguyn cn kit, ngi ta phi xy dng nhiu cng ngh khc phc tnh hnh ny. V d nh cng ngh cp pht a ch IP ng nh BOOTP hay DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Khi s dng cng ngh ny th khng nht thit mi my trn mng u phi c mt a ch IP nh trc m n s c server cp cho mt a ch IP khi thc hin kt ni.

5. Dch v nh tn vng - Domain Name Service (DNS)

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a ch IP d c biu din di dng mt s nguyn 32 bits hay dng chm thp phn u rt kh nh i vi ngi s dng, do trn mng Internet ngi ta xy dng mt dch v dng i tn ca mt host sang a ch IP. Dch v l dch v nh tn vng (Domain Name Service DNS). DNS cho php ngi s dng Internet c th truy nhp ti mt my tnh bng tn ca n thay v bng a ch IP.

Vic nh tn vng c t chc dng cy. Tn ca mt host s c t bng cch i t nt biu din host ln tn gc.

Vic nh tn vng khng ch c li l khng bt ngi s dng nh a ch IP ca cc host m n cn lm d dng hn trong vic t chc mng.

Hnh v sau cho thy cu trc hnh cy ca dch v tn vng. Trong

Unnamed Root

com edu jparpa

in-addr

cica

indiana

192

1

1

21

int

com

21.1.1.192.in-addr.arpa

vn

fujitsu

Hnh 1.6: Cu trc hnh cy ca dch v tn vng.

Arpa l mt domain c bit dng nh x a ch IP dng chm thp phn sang biu din tn vng.

Bng sau cho thy 7 lp c bn ca h thng phn vng:

Domain M t

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com Cc t chc thng mi, doanh nghip

edu Cc t chc gio dc

gov Cc t chc chnh ph

int Cc t chc Quc t

mil Cc t chc qun s

net Mt mng khng thuc cc loi phn vng khc

org Cc t chc khng thuc mt trong cc loi trn

Bng sau l cc k hiu tn vng ca mt s nc trn th gii:

Domain Quc gia tng ng

au c

at o

be B

ca Canada

fi Phn Lan

fr Php

de CHLB c

il Israel

it

jp Nht

vn Vit Nam

6. Cc dch v thng tin trn Internet 6.1. Dch v th in t - Electronic Mail (E-mail)

Th in t, hay thng gi e-mail, l mt trong nhng tnh nng quan trng nht ca Internet. Mc d ban u c thit k nh mt phng thc truyn cc thng ip ring gia nhng ngi dng Internet, Internet e-mail l phng php truyn vn bn r

15


tin nht c mi ni. Ch tn khong vi cent gi e-mail i bt k u trn th gii, r hn nhiu so vi cc bu in loi thp nht. Mt trong nhng li ch chnh ca e-mail l tc lu chuyn. Tuy khng tc thi nh fax, thi gian truyn e-mail thng c tnh bng pht, ngay c khi ngi gi v ngi nhn tn hai u ca tri t.

H thng a ch e-mail: Mt vn v cng quan trng trong qu trnh gi hay nhn th l cch xc nh chnh xc a ch ca th cn gi n. thc hin iu ny ngi ta s dng dch v nh tn vng (Domain Name Service - DNS). Da trn dch v nh tn vng, vic nh a ch e-mail cho ngi s dng s rt n gin nh sau:

Tn_ngi_s_dng@Tn_y__ca_domain

V d ngi dng Nguyn Vn A thuc domain l hn.vnn.vn s c th c a ch e-mail l [email protected]

6.1.1 Mailing List

Mailing list l mt trong cc dch v ca Internet, lin quan n cc nhm tho lun v ton b d liu c chuyn thng qua th tn in t. Vi a ch e-mail ca mnh , bn c th ng k tham gia min ph vo cc nhm v cc ch no v trao i v nhng g m bn quan tm. Sau khi ng k, hng ngy, hoc hng tun bn s nhn c e-mail cha cc ni dung lin quan. Tuy khng hn ch v s nhm tham gia, nhng chc sc c ca bn cng ch c hn, nn tt nht l ng ng k vo qu nm nhm.

Trn Internet, mi nhm trong danh sch mailing list c mt b phn iu hnh ring, c trch nhim qun l danh sch cc a ch v x l cc thng tin gi n. Mt s nhm t chc cc thng tin di dng n phm in t c tit ch, tc lc b bt cc thng tin tha, v b v son thnh tp trc khi gi cho bn.

ng k vo mailing list: tham gia vo mt nhm trong mailing list, bn cn ng k (subscribe, signup) tn ca bn vo, cn khi no chn bn c th rt (unsubscribe, signoff) tn bn ra. Vic vo, ra mt nhm l min ph. Internet c hai cch thc nhn ng k ca bn.

Cch th nht: yu cu ca bn s c mt chng trnh my tnh x l, khi th ng k ca bn phi son tho theo mt quy nh ring, thng thng ch gm mt dng sau: subscribe .

Cch th hai: do mt hoc nhm c nhn x l, khi bn gi th trc tip cho h v h s phc p li.

Khi yu cu ca bn c x l bng chng trnh, thng danh sch c qun l bng mt h thng gi l listserv (vit tt ca ch list server - phc v danh sch). C rt nhiu listserv khc nhau trn Internet, mi listserv c mt a ch e-mail ring. Cc listserv x

16
mailto:[email protected]


l b lnh ring, nn mun nm c b lnh ca listserv c th, bn hy gi e-mail cho listserv vi ni dung th l help.

Thng thng, tn bn s c a vo danh sch sau khi qua cc cng on sau :

Bn gi yu cu, v d subscribe help - net Nguyn Vn A.

Bn nhn c phn hi (thng bo nhn c yu cu ca bn) v cung cp cho bn mt m s, chng hn 39000C, yu cu bn xc nhn li theo qui cch nht nh, v d nh gi th phn hi vi ni dung ok 39000C.

Sau mt thi gian (khong 48 ting), nu bn khng phn hi th yu cu trc ca bn t ng b hy b. Cn nu bn phn hi th tn v a ch e-mail ca bn c ng k chnh thc. T thi im , bn s thng xuyn nhn c cc thng bo m bn quan tm.

V d bn mun ng k vo nhm acemail - mt nhm trao i v cc thc mc khi dng e-mail trn Internet, bn hy gi e-mail sau y :

To: listserv @ listserv.aol.com

Ni dung th : subscribe acemail

6.2 Dch v mng thng tin ton cu WWW (World Wide Web)

y dch v mi v mnh nht trn Internet. WWW c xy dng da trn mt k thut c tn gi l hypertext (siu vn bn). Hypertext l k thut trnh by thng tin trn mt trang trong c mt s t c th "n" ra thnh mt trang thng tin mi c ni dung y hn. Trn cng mt trang thng tin c th c nhiu kiu d liu khc nhau nh TEXT, nh hay m thanh. xy dng cc trang d liu vi cc kiu d liu khc nhau nh vy, WWW s dng mt ngn ng c tn l HTML (HyperText Markup Language). Ngn ng HTML c xy dng trn c s ngn ng SGML (Standard General Markup Language). HTML cho php nh dng cc trang thng tin, cho php thng tin c kt ni vi nhau.

Trn cc trang thng tin c mt s t c th "n" ra, mi t ny thc cht u c mt lin kt vi cc thng tin khc. thc hin vic lin kt cc ti nguyn ny, WWW s dng phng php c tn l URL (Universal Resource Locator). Vi URL, WWW cng c th truy nhp ti cc ti nguyn thng tin t cc dch v khc nhau nh FTP, Gopher, Wais... trn cc server khc nhau.

Ngi dng s dng mt phn mm Web Browser xem thng tin trn cc my ch WWW. Ti server phi c mt phn mm Web server. Phn mm ny thc hin nhn cc yu cu t Web Browser gi ln v thc hin yu cu .

Vi s bng n dch v WWW, dch v ny cng ngy cng c m rng v a thm nhiu k thut tin tin nhm tng kh nng biu t thng tin cho ngi s dng.

17


Mt s cng ngh mi c hnh thnh nh Active X, Java cho php to cc trang Web ng thc s m ra mt hng pht trin rt ln cho dch v ny.

6.3 Dch v truyn file - FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Dch v FTP dng truyn ti cc file d liu gia cc host trn Internet. Cng c thc hin dch v truyn file l chng trnh ftp, n s dng mt giao thc ca Internet l giao thc FTP (File Transfer Protocol). Nh tn ca giao thc ni, cng vic ca giao thc ny l thc hin chuyn cc file t mt my tnh ny sang mt my tnh khc. Giao thc ny cho php truyn file khng ph thuc vo vn v tr a l hay mi trng h iu hnh ca hai my. iu duy nht cn thit l c hai my u c phn mm hiu c giao thc FTP. ftp l mt phn mm nh vy trn h iu hnh Unix.

Mun s dng dch v ny trc ht bn phi c mt ng k ngi dng my remote v phi c mt password tng ng. Vic ny s gim s ngi c php truy cp v cp nhp cc file trn h thng xa. Mt s my ch trn Internet cho php bn login vi mt account l anonymous, v password l a ch e-mail ca bn, nhng tt nhin, khi bn ch c mt s quyn hn ch vi h thng file my remote.

phin lm vic FTP thc hin c, ta cng cn 2 phn mm. Mt l ng dng FTP client chy trn my ca ngi dng, cho php ta gi cc lnh ti FTP host. Hai l FTP server chy trn my ch xa, dng x l cc lnh FTP ca ngi dng v tng tc vi h thng file trn host m n ang chy.

ftp cho php bn tm kim thng tin trn server bng cc lnh thng dng nh ls hay dir. Khi ngi dng nh cc lnh ny, ftp s chuyn ln cho server, ti server s thc hin lnh ny v gi v thng tin danh sch cc file tm c. Ngi s dng sau khi nhn c cc thng tin ny s gi yu cu v mt file no bng lnh:

get source_file_name destination_file_name.

Cn khi mun truyn mt file ln my xa, ngi s dng dng lnh:

put source_file_name destination_file_name

mt lc c th ti v hoc truyn ln my xa nhiu file, ngi ta c th dng cc lnh mget v mput v s dng cc k t wild cast nh trong mi trng DOS. V d sau s ti cc file c tn l *.dat:

mget *.dat

Sau y l mt v d v mt giao dch truyn file:

# ftp ftp.vnd.net kt ni vi my ch

Connected to ftp.vnd.net

18


220 FTP Server ready.

name: anonymous g user name login

331 send your e-mail as password

Password: password khng hin th

230 User guest logged in. Access restricted is apply

ftp>dir lnh hin th danh sch cc file

sendmail-7.5 tcp-wrapper innd w project.dat

ftp>get project.dat ti file v local

ftp>quit thot ra khi dch v

221 Goodbye.

s dng dch v FTP, ngi s dng c th chy phn mm FTP client v d nh: WS_FTP hay CUTFTP y l cc chng trnh c giao din ho kh thn thin vi ngi s dng. Bn c th download cc phn mm ny t Internet ci ln my tnh ca bn.

6.4 Dch v Remote Login - Telnet

Dch v ny cho php bn ngi ti my tnh ca mnh thc hin kt ni ti mt my ch xa (remote host) v sau thc hin cc lnh trn my ch xa ny. Khi bn kt ni ti my remote v thc hin xong vic login, nhng g bn g vo bn phm s c chuyn ti my remote v c tc dng nh vic g bn phm chnh my remote . Bn c th truy nhp bt c dch v g m my remote cho php cc trm cc b ca mnh truy nhp.

thc hin dch v Telnet, ti my ca mnh bn g:

# telnet remote-host-name

V d sau y m t ngi dng hoalt login vo mt my ch UNIX ti VDC:

# telnet www.vnd.net

Trying...

Connected to www.vnd.net

Escape character '^]'.

login: hoalt login vo my remote

19


Password: pasword khng c hin th

Last login: Sat Sep 7 17:16:35 from localhost

$ ls Lnh thc hin trn my remote

sendmail-7.5 tcp-wrapper innd www

$ pwd Lnh thc hin trn my remote

/home/hoalt

$ logout logout khi my remote

#

Nh vy, telnet l mt cng c gip bn login vo mt my xa. Nhng mun vy my xa phi cho php bn s dng dch v ny. C th l trong v d trn bn phi c mt nh danh ngi s dng ti my xa l hoalt vi mt password no .

6.5 Dch v nhm thng tin News (USENET)

y l dch v cho php ngi s dng c th trao i thng tin v mt ch m h cng quan tm. Ngi dng cn ng k (subcribed) vo mt s nhm thng tin no v sau c th kt ni ln server xem cc thng tin trong nhm v ti (load) v trm lm vic xem chi tit, anh ta cng c th gi cc kin ca anh ta ln cc nhm thng tin .

T chc nh tn cc News groups:

Cc nhm thng tin c nh a ch l mt dy cc tn ca cc News Groups xp theo th t cha-con. Mi tn mt News groups c phn cch vi tn ca News Group "cha" bng mt du chm (.). News Group qui nh mt s tn gi nh sau:

comp Group cha cc thng tin v computer v cc vn lin quan. News Group ny bao gm c cc thng tin v k thut my tnh, phn mm, cc thng tin lin quan ti mng...

news Group cp ti cc thng tin v Network News v cc phn mm News. N bao gm mt s News Groups con rt cn thit cho ngi dng l news.newsusers.questions (cc cu hi ca ngi dng) v news.announce.newsusers (cc thng tin quan trng cho ngi dng). Nu bn l mt ngi mi tham gia vo dch v News Groups, bn hy c cc thng tin ny u tin.

20


rec Group cha cc thng tin v vn gii tr, cc hot ng vn ho ngh thut.

sci Group cha cc thng tin v nghin cu khoa hc, cc vn mi hay cc ng dng khoa hc (rng hn lnh vc computer trong group comp). News Groups ny bao gm rt nhiu cc News Group con v tng lnh vc khoa hc ring.

soc Group cha cc thng tin v cc t chc x hi hay chnh tr cng nh cc thng tin c lin quan.

misc Group cha cc thng tin khc, khng thuc cc News Groups bn trn. Trong News Group ny c cha News Group kh c ch l misc.jobs (yu cu tm vic v nhn vic).

Nh vy News Group v nhc ng qu s c tn l: rec.music.folk

T chc h thng News Groups:

Dch v nhm thng tin s dng mt giao thc ca Internet l giao thc NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol). Cng ging nh hai giao thc Telnet v FTP, giao thc NNTP cng hot ng theo m hnh client/server. Client v Server s lin kt vi nhau qua cng TCP 119.

H thng News group m ngi dng nhn thy (client) c mt b phn gi l News Reader lm nhim v kt ni gia chng trnh trn trm lm vic vi server. Thng qua News Reader, ngi dng nhn c t server danh sch cc bi thng tin v cng qua , ngi dng chuyn yu cu ca mnh ln server yu cu ti bi thng tin v.

Ngi qun tr News Server c th t to ra cc News Groups trn Server tu theo nhu cu ca ngi dng. y l cc News Groups cc b trn mi Server. Mc d l cc News Groups cc b xong chng vn c th c trao i vi cc server khc nu ngi qun tr cho php. Vic cp nhp thng tin t cc News server khc trn Internet c th c thc hin t ng theo mt lch do ngi qun tr mng ra.

Ngi dng ch bit n mt News Server duy nht l server m mnh connect vo. Vic thng tin gia cc server cng nh cc News Groups l trong sut i vi ngi dng. Ngi dng khng cn bit thng tin v News Groups hin mnh ang c l News Group cc b ca server no.

Nh vy, vi dch v News Group, ngi dng c th nhn c cc thng tin m mnh quan tm ca nhiu ngi t khp ni sau la gi thng tin ca mnh i cho nhng ngi c cng mi quan tm ny.

21


6.6 Dch v Gopher

Gopher l mt dch v tra cu thng tin trn mng theo ch v s dng cc menu. Khi mt client ni vo mt server, mn hnh ca client s xut hin nh sau:

Internet Gropher Infermation Client v2.0.16

Home Gopher server: wildlife.ora.com

1. Introduce and Cover

2. Foreword

3. Country and Account/

4. Search Country Data

5. Wildfile FTP Site/

Press ? for Help, q to Quit

page: 1/1

Ngi dng c th chn mc m mnh quan tm hoc g cc lnh tng ng (thng thng cc lnh rt n gin, ch 1 hay 2 k t), trn mn hnh s li xut hin ra mt menu k tip theo hoc hin th nhng vn bn cn thit khi n tn cng. Ngi dng c th ti vn bn v my tnh ca mnh xem xt hay x l.

Mt hn ch ca Gopher l thng tin hin th cho ngi dng di cc dng menu cho nn rt tm tt, hn na Gopher cung cp rt hn ch kh nng tm kim thng tin. Khi dch v World Wide Web ra i v pht trin th ngi dng khng dng Gopher nh mt dch v tra cu thng dng na.

6.7 Dch v tm kim thng tin din rng - WAIS (Wide Area Information Server)

WAIS l cng c tm kim thng tin trn Internet, khc vi dch v Gopher l dch v cho php ngi dng tm kim v ly thng tin qua mt chui cc mc la chn (menu), dch v WAIS cho php ngi s dng tm kim cc tp d liu trong c cc xu xc nh trc. Ngi s dng c th a ra yu cu dng nh: "hy tm cho ti cc tp c cha t music v Beethoven". Khi , WAIS server s tm trong c s d liu ca n cc tp tho mn yu cu trn v gi tr v client danh sch cc tp . WAIS server cn thc hin m s ln xut hin ca t trong tp tnh im v gi v cho client gip ngi s dng d dng la chn tp mnh cn. Mi danh sch gi v thng c khong 15-50 tp vi s im cao nht, ngi dng c th chn mt hay nhiu tp ti v trm ca mnh.

22


Hnh v sau y m t cu trc ca h thng WAIS:

WAIS client WAIS server

TCP/IP WAIS query response Network

Files IndexWAIS indexer

Hnh 1.7: Cu trc ca h thng WAIS.

V mt cu trc, WAIS bao gm ba b phn chnh l: client, server v indexer. B phn indexer thc hin cp nhp cc d liu mi, sp xp chng theo mt phng php thch hp cho vic tm kim. Server nhn cu hi t client, tm kim trong c s d liu (do indexer to ra) nhng tp ph hp, nh gi im cc tp v gi v cho client. N khng nhng cho php hin th cc tp d liu TEXT m cn c th hin th cc tp d liu ho.

6.8 Dch v hi thoi trn Internet - IRC

Internet Relay Chat (IRC - Ni chuyn qua Internet) l phng tin "thi gian thc", ngha l nhng t bn g vo s xut hin gn nh tc thi trn mn hnh ca ngi nhn v tr li ca h ca xut hin trn mn hnh ca bn nh vy. Thay v phi ch vi pht hay vi ngy i vi thng ip, bn c th trao i tc thi vi tc g ch ca bn. IRC c th mang tnh c nhn nh e-mail, ngi l khng khm ph c ni dung trao i ca bn, hoc bn c th to "knh m" cho nhng ai bn mun cng tham gia. Cng khng him cc knh IRC c t 10 ngi tr ln tham gia hi thoi. Ngoi vic trao i li, ngi dng IRC cn c th gi file cho nhau nh hnh nh, chng trnh, ti liu hay nhng th khc.

Cng nh cc dch v khc ca Internet, phm vi hi thoi trn cc knh IRC l rt rng, c th bao gm c nhng ch khng ph hp vi tr em, v vy cn c bin php gim st nhng tr em mun s dng dch v ny.

Ngoi nhng dch v nu trn cn c cc dch v khc nh Voice Over IP, IP FAX, Video Conference...

7. Khai thc dch v Internet Truy cp vo mng Internet c th c 2 cch: Truy cp trc tip thng qua ng

dnh ring(Leased Line) v truy cp gin tip thng qua mng din thoi cng cng.

Vic ng k mt ng thu bao dnh ring ch dnh cho nhng c quan, n v vi

23


mc ch truy cp mng Internet khng ch khai thc cc ti nguyn, dch v sn c trn

mng Internet m cn s dng mng Internet nh l mt mi trng kt ni t xa ti cc

ti nguyn trn mng LAN ca n v mnh. Khi ngi s dng c th xy dng my

ch Mail, my ch FTP, xy dng mng ring o(VPN- Virtual Private Network)...Tt

nhin vic ny i hi tn km tin bc v cng sc. Cn nu bn ch truy cp mng

Internet khai thc cc dch v sn c trn mng th bn c th truy cp thng qua

mng in thoi cng cng. Yu cu ti thiu cho ngi khai thc dch v Internet vi

hnh thc ny bn phi p ng c cc yu cu sau:

Phn mm kt ni vi cc my ch trn Internet:

c th thc hin vic kt ni ti my ch trn Internet, bn cn c mt b phn mm thc hin giao thc TCP/IP. Phn mm ny s thc hin chc nng iu khin modem kt ni v truyn d liu vi my ch. C nhiu phn mm thc hin chc nng ny, v d Dialup Networking ca Windows 3.x v windows 9x, Windows2000, Trumpet Winsock...

Cc phn mm thc hin TCP/IP thng cho php bn kt ni theo hai giao thc l SLIP ( Serial Line Internet Protocol) v PPP (Point to Point Protocol). T Windows98 tr i c h tr MPPP(Multi PPP) cho php mt my tnh c th s dng nhiu cng COM v Modem tng tc kt ni. Tt nhin thc hin c iu ny th nh cung cp dch v ca bn phi h tr ch truy cp MPPP. Hin nay Vit nam ch c VDC l h tr dch v ny. Gia SLIP v PPP c s khc nhau, v mt k thut SLIP l mt giao thc nn tng ca mng v PPP l giao thc cp kt ni. C hai s khc bit thc t: PPP hi nhanh hn v c th x l nhng loi mng khc nh DECnet. Sau khi bn kt ni c vi nh cung cp dch v th bn cn phi c phn mm cng c duyt cc trang WEB. Ph bin hin nay c Nescape Navigator vi cc Version 4.x; Internet Explore4.0,5.0,6.0 ca Windows(Chng ta s ni chi tit hn v cc cng c ny sau). iu cui cng, tt nhin l bn phi thc hin vic ng k s dng vi nh cung cp

dch v. Vit nam hin nay ang c cc nh cung cp dch v nh VDC, FPT, NETNAM, SAIGON POSTEL. Sau khi ng k s dng dch v bn s c cung cp cc thng s ho mng nh :

User Name: tn ng k s dng dch v Internet.

Password: mt khu dng xc nh quyn s dng dch v.

Email Address and Password: a ch th in t v m truy nhp a ch th ca bn

S in thoi dng truy nhp vo mng.

24


Chng II. Thng tin v ng k, h tr Internet Trong chng ny chng ti mun gii thiu vi bn c nhng thng tin cn thit

khi bn mun lin h vi nh cung cp dch v Internet. Bn s rt cn nhng thng tin ny khi bn mun ng k mi ti khon truy nhp Internet, thay i hp ng hay l yu cu h tr trong qu trnh s dng.

Trc khi bn mun ng k mt ti khon (account) Internet, bn phi tm hiu v cc nh cung cp dch d Internet (ISP) bit v cc thng tin k thut, cng tc h tr la chn cho minh mt ISP thch hp. Trong ti liu ny chng ti mun gii thiu v ISP VNN.

Khi bn mun lin h ng k s dng Internet, bn c th ng k cc vn

phng giao dc ca Cng ty in ton & Truyn s li (VDC) hoc ti cc bu in a phng.

Cc trung tm ca Cng ty VDC:

Trung tm in ton - Truyn s liu KV1

a ch: 1E Trng Chinh H ni Phng Kinh doanh: Tel: (84-4) 8698070, (84-4) 8698280, (84-4) 9698306. Fax: (84-4) 8698279

E-mail: [email protected] i H tr dch vu: Tel: (84-4) 8698128, (84-4) 8698129 Fax: (84-4)8698279

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Vn phng giao dch: 18 Nguyn Du H ni

Tel: (84-4) 9431028, (84-4) 8247360

Trung tm in ton - Truyn s liu KV2

a ch: 7 Phm Ngc Thch - Tp. H Ch Minh Phmg Kinh doanh: Tel: (84-8) 8256384, (84-8) 8256600 Email: [email protected] H tr dch v: Tel: (84-4) 8257825, (84-8) 8242302, (84-8) 8242298 Email: [email protected]

Trung tm in ton - Truyn s liu KV3 a ch: 24 L Thnh Tn - TP. nng Phng Kinh doanh: Tel: (84-511) 892876 Fax: (84-511) 892878 Email: [email protected] H tr dch v: Tel: (84-511) 892879 Fax: (84-511) 892878 Email: [email protected] Ngoi cc trung tm ca cng ty in ton & Truyn s liu, ban c th lin lc vi

cc bu in a phng (bn c th gi 1080 bit thm thng tin). Hin nay tt c cc tnh thnh trong c nc cung cp dch v Internet cho khch hng.

25
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


Ti H ni v Thnh ph H Ch Minh l 2 thnh ph c s lng khch hng s dng Internet, chng ti mun cung cp cho bn c thng tin v t cung cp dch v Internet.

i Internet - Trung tm tin hc - Bu in H ni a ch: 75 inh Tin Hong - H ni im giao dch: Tel: (84-4) 9341957, (84-4) 9345345 Fax: 9341960 T h tr khch hng: (84-4) 9341958, (84-4) 9344504 Email: [email protected]

Trung tm tin hc Bu in TP. H Ch Minh a ch: 142 Nguyn nh Chiu - Q.3 - TP. H Ch Minh Tel: (84-8) 8237147 Fax: 8237778 Email: [email protected]

26


Chng iII: Hng dn ci t kt ni Internet kt ni Internet bn phi chun b my tnh s dng phi c cu hnh ti thiu l:

386 DX hoc cao hn.(Nn l Pentium100 c h tr MMX hoc cao hn)

Ti thiu 8Mb RAM b nh (Nn l 16MB hoc ln hn)

20 Mbyte HDD

1 cng COM t do cm modem nu bn dng modem loi external(Modem ngoi), hoc mt Slot(Khe) cn d trong mainboard ca my tnh ph hp vi loi internal modem(Modem trong) bn c. Ring i vi modem trong phi k n thm c s tng thch gia modem v my tnh

My c ci Window 3.1, 3.11, Window 95 hoc Window NT

Mt modem dialup ( 9600bps, 14400bps, 28800,56000...). Chun giao din ca Modem phi tng thch vi h thng ca nh cung cp dch v, chng hn h thng ca VDC qua m truy nhp 1260 h tr hu ht cc chun Modem thng dng nh K56Flex, X2, v90...

Mt ng dy in thoi

1. Thit lp cu hnh cho Windows kt ni vo internet, windows ca bn cn phi c cc thnh phn sau:

ci t modem (khai bo cho h iu hnh cc thng s k thut ca modem)

ci t Dial-up Adapter (trnh iu khin kt ni vi mng my tnh qua modem)

ci t TCP/IP (giao thc truyn s liu v kt ni Internet)

ci t Dial-Up Networking (iu khin quay s v to lin kt vi cc chng trnh khc)

To mi lin kt vo mng (Dial-Up Connection)

Khai bo cc thng s k thut v internet ca Windows

ch : Bn ch cn thc hin khi cc thnh phn ny cha c ci t hoc ci t cha ng

Di y l phn ci t h thng v bn s s dng Control Panel ca Windows.(chon Start/Setting/Control Panel)

27


Hnh 3.1: Ca s Control Panel ca Windows

1.1 Ci t modem

Nhp p vo biu tng modem trong Control Panel. Tu thuc vo vic modem ca bn c ci t vo Windows hay cha m bn s nhn thy tn ca modem trong danh sch

Hnh trn cho thy c 2 modem c ci t vo Windows ca bn, mun bit modem c hot ng khng bn chn Diagnostics sau nhp chut vo cng COM kt ni vi modem v chn More Infor..n s c mt s thng tin v modem ci t

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Hnh 3.2: danh sch cc modem c ci t

Hnh 3.3

Nu modem ca bn cha c ci th bn click vo Add... Hnh 3.2 hoc click vo Next> Hnh 3.4

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Hnh 3.4: Ci t modem

V sau bn c th theo hng dn ca Windows hoc theo ti liu km theo modem ci t c modem cn thit.

Ch : mt s loi modem ngoi v a s cc modem trong i hi mt qu trnh khai bo thng s ring (cc file *.inf). Nu gp kh khn, bn hy s dng modem m Windows pht hin ra.

1.2 Ci t Dial-up Adapter

Trong Control Panel, bn hy chn Networking (/Start/Setting/Control Panel/Networking)

Nu bn khng nhn thy Dial-up Adapter th bn hy chn tip Add/Adapter/Add/Microsoft/Dial-Up Adapter (Hnh 5)

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Hnh 3.5 : Ci t Dial-Up Adapter

Sau bn click vo OK (c th Windows s i hi bn phi khi ng li my tnh)

1.3 Ci t TCP/IP

Trong Control Panel, bn hy chn Networking (/Start/Setting/Control Panel/Networking)

Nu bn khng thy TCP/IP bn hy chn tip Add/Protocol/Add/Microsoft/TCP/IP (Hnh 6)

Sau bn click vo OK (Windows s i hi bn phi khi ng li my tnh)

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Hnh 3.6: Ci t TCP/IP

Ch khi kt thc qu trnh ci t Dial-up Adapter v TCP/IP bn vo li Networking kim tra li mt ln na xem qu trnh ci t hon tt cha, nu qu trnh ci t hon tt th trong Networking phi c y hai giao thc sau:

Dial-up Adapter v TCP/IP

1.4 Ci t Dial-up Networking

Trong Control Panel, bn hy chn Add/Remove Programs/Windows Setup/Communications

nh du vo Dialup Netwrking v click vo OK. Windows s bt u qu trnh ci t Dial-Up Networking cho bn.(Hnh 3.7)

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Hnh 3.7: Ci t Dial-Up Networking

1.5 To kt ni mng

T mn hnh ca Windows, bn hy chn: MyComputer/Dia-Up Networking hoc Start/Programs/Accessories/Dial-Up Networking

Chn Make New Connection, t tn cho kt ni (v d internet) v chn ng loi modem ci t

Hnh 3.8: Ci t kt ni mng trong Dial-up Networking

Chn Next, tip tc xc lp cc tham s nh hnh 3.9

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Hnh 3.9: Ci t kt ni mng trong Dial-up Networking

Area code=04 (M vng), telephone number=1260 (S in thoi do ISP cung cp), Country code= Vietnam(84)

Chn Next, sau chn Finish kt thc qu trnh to kt ni mi

Ci t cc thng s cho kt ni

Trong ca s Dial-Up Networking bn hy click chut phi kt ni va to (internet), chn Properties (chn File/Properties ) t cc tham s cho kt ni mng.

34


Hin nay mng VNN cung cp s truy nhp thng nht 1260 trn ton quc nn c th b la chon ny

Hnh 3.10: t tham s cho kt ni mng.

Sau bn click vo Server Types v du tch cc la chn Enable software compression v TCP/IP nh Hnh 11

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Sau bn click voTCP/IP Setting... kim tra xem la chn ng nh hnh di


2. Khai bo cc thng s k thut v Internet cho h iu hnh Windows Trong Control Panel, bn hy nhp p vo biu tng Internet

(/Start/Setting/Control Panel/Internet)

- Chn Tab Connection trong ca s Internet properties

- nh du chn Connect to the Internet as needed

- Trong phn chn Use the following Dial-Up Networking connection chn ng tn kt ni va to (internet)

36


Hnh 3.13: La chn kiu kt ni vo Internet ca Microsoft IE 3.x (qua Dial-Up)

- Chn OK

3. Thit lp cu hnh cho Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.x (MSIE) Bn gi trnh duyt (nhn p vo biu tng The Internet hoc Internet Explorer)

Chn menu /View/Options... v thc hin nh trong phn 2 (Khai bo cc thng s k thut v Internet cho h iu hnh Windows)

4. Thit lp cu hnh cho Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.x (MSIE) 1. Trong MS IE 4.x bn hy chn menu /View/Internet Options...

37


Hnh 3.14: La chn kiu kt ni vo Internet ca Microsoft IE 4.x (qua Dial-Up)

2. Chn /Connection/Connect to The Internet using a modem v bm Setting

3. Trong use the following Dial-Up Networking connection, bn hy chn connection vo mng VNN (VNN Connection)

Hnh 3.15: Thng s kt ni vo Internet ca Microsoft IE 4.x (qua Dial-Up)

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Trong User, hy g user name ca bn (trong v d l Support1)

Trong password hy g mt khu ca bn

Domain: b trng.

Bn cng c th bm vo nt connect Windows s hng dn bn chi tit theo tng bc mt

5. Thit lp cu hnh cho Netscape Communicator 4.x 1. Trc ht, bn phi thit lp cu hnh Internet ca Windows (xem II.2)

2. Trong Netscape Communicator, chn Menu Edit/ Preferences:

3. Chn Advanced/Proxies v nh du mc Direct connection to the Internet

Hnh 3.16: t tham s kt ni trong Nescape communications

Nh vy l bn hon thnh qu trnh to kt ni vo mng Internet.

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Chng Iv. Hng dn s dng cc dch v Internet

1. Kt ni Internet Thng thng, sau khi ci t thnh cng, bn ch cn gi trnh duyt th cc phn mm ny s t ng quay s, hi bn tn truy nhp (user name) mt khu (password) v s to kt ni n nh cung cp dch v mt cch nhanh chng v tin li (tham kho phn ci t, thit lp thng s truy nhp Internet). Cch thc thc hin nh sau:

Bc 1: Bn hy nhp p vo biu tng ca trnh duyt trn mn hnh Desk Top:

Biu tng ca Microsoft Internet Explorer v Netscape Communicator 4.x

Hoc: Start/Programs/Internet Explorer (nu bn dng MSIE)

- Start/ Programs/Netscape Communicator/Navigator (nu bn dng Netscape)

Trnh duyt s t ng gi chng trnh kt ni Internet v hi bn v user name v password:

Mt khu truy nhp mng

Tn truy nhp mng

S in thoi truy nhp mng

Hnh 4.1: Ca s nhp user name v password truy nhp Internet

40


Bc 2: Bn g tn truy nhp v mt khu ca mnh nh hng dn trn hnh minh ha.

Ch :

- Tn truy nhp l ch thng.

- Mt khu phn bit ch hoa, ch thng: VD: MatKhau khc matkhau khac mATkHAU

- Khi g bn nn phm Caps Lock ch OFF, tt chc nng g ting Vit ca Windows (ABC hoc VNI...). Nu khng, bn c th khng kt ni c vo mng do sai mt khu.

My tnh s ln lt hin th cc thng bo v trng thai kt ni nh sau:

Hnh 4.2: Qu trnh login vo mng VNN

Sau khi kt ni thnh cng, trnh kt ni Dial-Up s thu nh biu tng ca mnh xung thanh TaskBar di hnh nh 2 my tnh ni vi nhau. Nhp chut vo y bn c th s bit c tnh trng kt ni ca mnh:

Hnh 4.3: Trng thi kt ni vo mng

Trnh duyt s m trang Home Page ca mnh (thng thng l http://home.vnn.vn hoc

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http://home.microsoft.com hoc http://home.netscape.com:

Hnh 4.4: Trang ch ca mng VNN

2. i mt khu (Password) truy nhp mng v mt khu E-mail Phn ny dnh ring cho khch hng ca VNN. i vi khch hng ca cc ISP khc s c nh cung cp hng dn khi ci t.

2.1 i mt khu truy nhp Internet

i mt khu, nhm trnh kh nng b l mt khu bn hy kt ni vo Internet sau chy chng trnh duyt Web nh Netscape hay Internet Explorer v.v. Vo trang Web sau:

HTTP://USER.VNN.VN xut hin cat s nh hnh v :

42
http://user.vnn.vn/


Hnh 4.5: Trang web i mt khu truy nhp

Bn hy g vo t bn phm:

Tn truy nhp (Account name): Nhp tn account m bn ng k vi VNN

Mt khu c: Nhp mt khu ang s dng

Mt khu mi: Nhp mt khu mi

Nhp li mt khu mi v kch vo nt pha di trang web, mt khu c i s c thng bo nh hnh di y.

43


Hnh 4.6: Kt qu i Password

2.2 i mt khu E-mail

i mt khu E-mail t trang web http://user.vnn.vn nh hnh 1 bn kch vo i mt

khu Email gc di trang web. Sau bn vo cc tham s:

Hnh 4.7: Thay i mt khu E-mail

Bn hy g vo t bn phmvo cc sau:

a ch Email: Nhp a ch Email m bn ng k vi VNN

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http://user.vnn.vn/


Mt khu c: Nhp mt khu ang s dng

Mt khu mi: Nhp mt khu mi

Nhp li mt khu mi v kch vo nt pha di trang web, mt khu c i s c thng bo nh hnh di y

Bn i thnh cng mt khu ca bn.

3. World Wide Web, cc chc nng c bn ca trnh duyt Internet

3.1 M mt trang Web trn Internet:

G trc tip a ch ca trang Web vo a ch (address hoc location tu theo trnh duyt) hoc dng menu /File/Open

Hnh 4.8: M mt trang Web trn Inernet

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3.2 nh hng trn Web

, Dng cc chc nng Back hoc Forward di chuyn gia cc trang Web

, Tr v trang HomePage.( c t trong phn Start Page).

, n trang web tm kim (Search) t sn trong trnh duyt

3.3 iu khin qu trnh np (ti, download) ti liu trn Web:

, Ngng vic np (download) d liu

, Np li trang web hin ang c m.

3.4 Gi chng trnh gi nhn e-mail t Web Browser

Gi chng trnh nhn, gi e-mail ca trnh duyt hoc s dng menu:

MSIE 3.x: /Go/Read Mail

MSIE 4.x: /Tools/Mail & News/Read Mail

Netscape: /Go/Messenger mailbox

3.5 Son tho mt e-mai t Web Browser

MSIE: /File/New/Message

Netscape: /File/New/Mesage

3.6 Lu li cc a ch Web a thch, s dng tnh nng Bookmark (Favorities):

y l tin ch ca trnh duyt, cho php ngi s dng lu li cc a ch cc trang Web a thch mt cch c h thng, theo ch , theo tnh cht s dng, theo s thch c nhn ...

- Trong MSIE, Tnh nng ny c gi l Favorites: (/Favorites/Add to Favorites, Organize Favorites)

- Trong Netscape: Tnh nng ny c gi l Bookmark (/Go/Bookmarks)

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3.7 Thay i kch thc Fonts ch:

- MSIE 3.x: /View/Fonts

- MSIE 4.x: /View/Text Size

- Netscape: /View/Increase Font, /View/Decrease Font

3.8 M mt lc nhiu web site

- MSIE 3.x, 4.x: /File/New/Windows

- Netscape: /File/New/Navigator Windows

3.9 Tng tc trnh duyt Web

Nu ci bn mun trn Internet l ni dung thng tin th bn c th tng tc trnh duyt Web bng mt s th thut n gin:

- Ch ly ch (Text) m khng ly v cc hnh nh, m thanh, hnh nh ng. Vic ny s lm cho lt trn Web tr nn km th v v mt s trang Web s c v khng chnh xc nhng bn s c c ci bn mun: tc , thng tin:

- Trong MSIE 3.x: /Tools/Options.../General/Show Picture

- Trong MSIE 4.x: /View/Internet Options.../Advanced/Multimedia

- Trong Netscape Communicator: /Edit/Preference/Appearence

- Tng b nh ginh cho trnh duyt, c bit c ch khi bn vo nhng Web site c s dng Visual Basic hay Java scripts, Java applet...

4. Tm kim thng tin trn Internet

Internet c th c xem nh l mt kho thng tin khng l, cha ng hu nh l ton b kin thc ca nhn loi, nhng tic thay, ngun tri thc li khng c sp xp theo mt trt t no c (thc ra, vic sp xp hu nh khng th thc hin c v bn thn cc thng tin trn Internet cng tht kh m kim chng). Nu khng thnh tho, bn rt d b lc li v chm ngp trong mt m thng tin v cng hn n v mun hnh mun v y.

nh hng v tm kim thng tin, ngi ta to nn mt s my ch tm kim cn gi l Searching Engines. Cc engine ny s gip bn sc so trong Internet v tm nhng thng tin m bn cn. n gin, hy g thng tin bn cn tm (VD: Claudia) v my s lit k cho bn mt danh sch cc a ch m , bn c th tm ra nhng thng tin hu ch (c th l Web site v siu ngi mu Claudia nhng cng c th ch l mt c Claudia ngu nhin no trn mng ).

Cch thc thc hin:

47


1. Truy cp vo web site (VD: http://www.yahoo.com)

Hnh 4.9: Trang Web ca Yahoo, mt Search Engine ni ting

2. Hy g vo thng tin bn cn (VD: Claudia Super model)

3. My s tm trong tt c nhng ti liu, nhng g c lu tr trong n, c cc ch m bn g vo, sp xp theo mt trt t no ri gi v cho bn

4. Vn cn li th bn phi t gii quyt ly v danh sch nhng trang Web c lin quan c th ln ti hng nghn, hng chc nghn.

Mt s site tm kim ni ting l: Yahoo (www.yahoo.com),Altavista (www.altalavista.com)

Danh sch cc Web site ny c phn cui ti liu. Cc web site c nhng im mnh v yu khc nhau.

Mt s site cho php bn kt hp cc ton t logic nh AND, OR, XOR, cc k t c bit nh:

Ton t +: t bt buc phi c trong ti liu tm kim

48


Ton t -: t bt buc phi khng c trong ti liu tm kim vv...

Mi site c mt phng php tm kim v hin th thng tin khc nhau cng nh cch s dng khc nhau. Bn hy c k hng dn s dng, lun lun c ti tng site.

Mt s iu cn lu khi s dng Internet

Bo v mt khu:

Khi truy nhp mng Internet, theo quy nh Vit nam, ngi s dng s phi thanh ton ph s dng dch v cho ISP bt k s dng dch v no (e-mail hay Web hay ftp...).

Nh cung cp dch v thng thng ch cn c trn s liu h thng ghi nhn v s ln vo mng, thi gian s dng mng a vo tnh ph dch v bt k account c truy nhp t s my in thoi no, bt k c ghi c s in thoi hay khng ghi c s in thoi.

trnh cc trng hp s dng tri php tn truy nhp, ngi s dng cn lu mt s im sau:

- Khng t trng vi tn truy nhp, nn kt hp cc k t c bit, con s, ch to, ch nh vo mt khu nhng k c tnh d tm mt khu cng kh on ra;

- Thng xuyn thay i mt khu (1 tun hoc 1 thng 1 ln);

- Kim tra mc an ton ca my tnh v cc chng trnh s dng

- Khng giao mt khu cho ngi l;

- Nu bn l mt c quan hay t chc, nn cho 1 ngi duy nht qun l mt khu.

Lm g khi bn qun mt mt khu

- Tht l rc ri khi bn qun mt khu. Trc ht, bn hy gi n nh cung cp dch v yu cu cm account ca bn truy nhp mng;

- Vit mt yu cu Cp mi mt khu (ch c th cp mi m thi v mt khu ca bn c m ho, khng ai c th c c, k c ngi qun tr mng). Mt khc, ngi qun tr mng cng khng th ch nghe mt yu cu qua in thoi m cp mt khu mi ngay cho bn c (v th nu mt ai c th gi danh bn gi in n vi mc ch n trm mt khu th s th s nh th no?).

49


- Bn ch , yu cu ca nh cung cp dch v l: ngi ng tn trong yu cu phi l chnh ch hp ng cung cp v s dng dch v Internet (Bn A) vi y con du v ch k.

- Mang yu cu ny n ni giao dch ca nh cung cp dch v.

Cch tt nht l ng qun mt khu v hy ghi s in thoi lin h ca nh cung cp dch v trong mi trng hp (VNN ti H ni l 9345345 - giao dch, 9341958 - h tr k thut).

Bo v cc b mt ring t trn Internet

Khi bn truy nhp Internet, a ch e-mail ca bn thng c dng lm mt khu truy cp cc anonymous ftp site hoc khi bn ng k vo mt dch v no y trn Internet, nh cung cp dch v thng hi bn v tn, s thch, a ch e-mail vv... Khng c g bo m rng nhng thng tin ny s khng b bn hoc b s dng sai mc ch.

Li vn chuyn bo v mt khu

Mt khu ca bn vn c th b nh cp mt cch tinh vi hn nhiu nu bn khng c bin php phng trnh:

1. Debug cc file cha mt khu ca Windows: Trong Dial-Up networing ca Microsoft c mt ty chn save pasword. Nu bn chn, mt khu s c lu li u trn Hard Disk v mt tay chuyn nghip c th s d ra c. Do vy, khng nn lu li mt khu trn my tnh nu bn cm thy khng yn tm v mi trng lm vic.

2. Virus chuyn n trm mt khu: l cc chng trnh my tnh dng Trojan n np trong my tnh, thu thp thng tin (trong c c password) v khi bn kt ni vo Internet s truyn cc thng tin v mt a ch e-mail no y. (virus NetBus 1.0 ...)

3. S sut: Bn nh mt chuyn vin tin hc quen bit ci t li Windows v Internet (do my tnh ca bn b Virus v ton b d liu b ph hy, k c Internet), Bn nh anh ta truy cp th Internet (tt nhin l bn c ni mt khu). Sau bn qun khng i mt khu. Nu anh chuyn vin ny cho ngi khc dng th th ngi c li u tin chnh l bn .

Gii thiu chung v mng VNN

VNN l mng cung cp dch v truy cp Internet ca Tng cng ty Bu chnh vin thng Vit nam). Cng quc t v mng trc quc gia do Cng ty in ton v Truyn s liu (VDC) trc tip qun l v khai thc vi t cch l ISP, IAP, ICP

Giao dch, h tr khch hng v pht trin thu bao do bu in cc tnh v thnh ph m nhim.

50


Ti a bn H ni, vic tip nhn ng k dch v Internet, k hp ng, ci t, h tr k thut khch hng s dng dch v Internet do Trung tm Tin hc Bu in thnh ph H ni ng ra m nhn v chu trch nhim.

VNN em li cho khch hng

ng truyn tc cao v kh nng kt ni a dng

VNN l mng duy nht cung cp kh nng truy nhp INTERNET trn ton lnh th Vit Nam m khng cn phi thc hin cc cuc gi ng di qua mng thoi. (Bn ng k ti H ni nhng c th truy cp Internet t 61 tnh thnh vi mc gi Internet v cc in thoi ni ht)

VNN l mng truy cp Internet u tin v duy nht ti Vit nam cho php truy cp Internet qua ng in thoi vi tc 56 Kbps. Ngoi ra, VNN cn cung cp cc dch v kt ni:

- qua mng in thoi cng cng (PSTN);

- qua mng truyn s liu quc gia VIETPAC (Khng b thu cc lin lc VIETPAC);

- bng cc ng kt ni trc tip (dedicated lines).

Kt ni v s dng mi dch v trn INTERNET

- Th in t (e-mail),

- Tin tc ton cu (World Wide Web),

- Truyn file (FTP);

- Cc dch v o to, trao i tin, thng mi, gii tr,....

- Dch v t trang WEB, thu ch trn WEB site, qung co trn Internet;

Thanh ton cc ph thun tin

Vic thanh ton ca thu bao c thc hin theo yu cu ca khch hng thng qua h thng thanh ton ca Bu in:

- Gi km theo ha n in thoi

- Qua ngn hng

- Ti cc a im thu cc ca Bu in vv...

Cc dch v b sung

51


- Dch v hn ch s in thoi truy nhp: l dch v hin ch c trn mng VNN, cho php bn hn ch, ch c 01 s my in thoi duy nht truy nhp mng. Dch v ny rt thch hp nu bn c nh truy nhp mng t mt ch (gia dnh hoc vn phng) v mun trnh l mt khu.

- Dch v danh b e-mail:

- Bu in H ni s s cung cp a ch e-mail ca bn cho nhng ngi c nhu cu giao dch qua dch v gii p thng tin kinh t x hi (1080, 116);

- ng thi a ch e-mail ca bn cng s c a vo danh b ca Bu in H ni (Nin gim in thoi - trang vng).

- ...

52


Chng IV: Hng dn s dng th in t (E-mail)

Mt s iu c bn cc bn cn nh khi s dng th in t l:

Bn phi yu cu cc nh cung cp dch v Internet (ISP) cho bn bit:

1. Tn hp th (Email Address). V d: [email protected] 2. Tn my ch thc hin nhim v gi th (SMTP server). V d:

smtp.hn.vnn.vn 3. Tn my ch nhn, lu tr cc th n (incoming mail server POP3): v d :

mail.hn.vnn.vn 4. POP3 account (tn hm th) thng l trng vi tn truy nhp mng ca bn:

support1

5. Password hm th ca bn khc vi password truy nhp mng ca bn v c dng bo v hm th ca bn khi b ngi khc c.

1. Hng dn s dng phn mm Internet mail

1.1 Ci t cu hnh cho internet mail

Chn START/ PROGRAM / INTERNET MAIL xut hin ca s giao din chnh. Hnh 1

Hnh 5.1: Giao din phn mm Internet mail

Sau chn menu/Mail/Options/Server (hnh IV.2)

53


Hnh 5.2: Internet mail Options

Khai bo cu hnh vi cc thng s:

Name: Tn y ca bn (v d vi chng tI l: Ho Tro Khach Hang-VDC1)

Email Address: L a ch hp th ca bn (v d ca chng ti l : [email protected])

Ountgoing mail (SMTP): l a ch mail server cha hp th gi i ca bn (v d trong trng hp ang khai bo trn l: mail.vnn.vn)

Incoming Mail (POP3): l a ch mail server cha hp th nhn v ca bn (v d trong trng hp ang khai bo trn l : mail.vnn.vn)

Account Name: l tn hm th ca bn (phn trc @ trong a ch th ca bn, v d nh trong trng hp ang khai bo l: support1)

Password: l password hp th ca bn, y tu theo mc ch s dng bn c th nh password vo hay khng ch khng nht thit phi nh vo nh khai bo trn, theo chng ti th tt nht l bn khng nn nh password vo mc password trn)

Sau bn click vo advanced setting...( hnh IV.3)

54


Hnh 5.3 : Mail server Advanced settng

Trong reply To: bn g a ch email ca bn (hoc mt a ch email khc bn mun )

V cui cng trong ca s Options bn chn Connection

Chn: I use a modem to access my e-mail v chn Dial-Up Networking m bn to (nh trong trng hp ny l iternet. Nh vy bn hon thnh phn cI t cho Internet mail

55


Hnh 5.4: La chn kt ni truy nhp mng

1.2 Hng Dn S Dng chng trnh Internet Mail

Sau khi chn Start/Programs/Internet Mail m chng trnh Internet mail.Trn thanh cng c c cc nt sau:

New message: Dng m th mi

Reply to author: Khi c th bn mun tr li ngi gi th Click vo nt ny.

Reply to all: Khi bn mun tr li cho tc gi v nhng ngi ng nhn bc th ny.

Forward: Khi bn mun chuyn tip bc th cho ngi th ba.

Send and Receive: Click vo nt ny kt ni vo mng gi v nhn th mi.

Delete: xa th.

+ Son th mi

Click vo nt New Message trn thanh cng c hoc chn menu Mail -> New Message m th mi nh di y (hnh 5)

Hnh 5.5: Son bc th gi i

Trong trng To: G vo a ch E-mail ngi nhn

56


Trong trng CC: G vo a ch E-mail ngi ng nhn

Trong trng Subject: G vo tiu bc th

G ni dung th vo bc th

Nu bn mun gi km mt hay nhiu File. Click Mouse vao nt sau chn th

mc v tn file bn mun gi km ri Click vo nt

Sau khi son tho xong bn Click vo nt send gi th vo hp Out box.

Bn c th lm li cc bc trn son cc bc th khc.

+ Gi th i v nhn th v

Bn Click Mouse vo nt Send and Receive trn thanh cng c gi cc th trong Out Box ng thi nhn cc th mi v In Box

Chng trnh s khi to Connection ni vo mail server --> xut hin ca s (hnh 6)

Hnh 5.6: Khai bo Username v Password truy nhp mng

User Name: Tn truy nhp bn dng k vi ISP

Password: Paswordtruy nhp mng Internet ca bn

Phone number: hoc 1260 ( S in thoi truy nhp ca ISP bn ng k)

Sau Click vo OK Phn mm quay s kt ni vo mail server hin ca s nh

57


hnh IV.7 g vo Password ca account email (Dnh ring cho mi khch hng) Ok.

Hnh 5.7

Lc ny chng trnh s gi cc bc th c lu trong Outbox i v nhn cc th mi v In Box.

+ X l th nhn v

Sau khi gi v nhn th ta vo Inbox c th, tr li hoc gi tip cho ngi khc .v.v..

Hnh 5.8: Inbox trong Internet Mail

58


Inbox c b tr nh hnh hnh IV.8. c mt th ta Click Mouse chn th cn c --> ni dung th c hin th pha di. Trn mi bc th c cc biu tng cho bit th c hay cha, c km file khng.

Biu th th cha c. Biu th th c. Biu th th c km file.

Khi c xong mt bc th nu ta mun tr li ta Click vao nt tr li ngi

gi hoc nt tr li tc gi v ngi ng nhn.

Save file gi km ta lm theo cc bc sau:

Click p Mouse vo nt gc bc th sau chn th mc cn lu gi file save file. Hoc Click Mouse phi vo tn file di cng bc th sau chn save as v chn th mc cn lu gi file save file.

Sau khi save file vo Disk ty thuc vo file nhn c chy hoc xem ni dung file.

2 . Hng dn s dng phn mm Outlook Express

V iu kin thi gian v tnh cht ca ti liu nn khng th trnh by chi tit, y chc nng ca tng menu m ch gii thiu nhng bc c bn cn thit khi s dng. bit thm, bn xem mc Help ca chng trnh.

2.1 Ci t chng trnh Outlook Express

1. Chn Start/Program/Outlook Express, hoc Click vo biu tng Outlook Express trn mn hnh khi ng chng trnh Hnh 1 l giao din chnh ca Outlook Express sau khi khi ng.

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Hnh 5.9: Giao din Outlook Express

2. Chn menu/Tools/Account (hnh 5-10)

Hnh 5.10: Ca s thit lp tham s Email

3. Chn tip mc Mail/Add/Mail, Outlook s ln lt hi bn v tng thng s v hng dn bn theo tng bc.Bn hy ln lt in vo (Hnh 5-11)

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Hnh 5.11: Khai bo tham s Email

Display name: tn y ca bn (v d:Ho Tro Khach Hang-VDC1)

Hnh 5.12: Khai bo tn Email

E-mail address: a ch E-mail ca bn (v d:[email protected])

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Hnh 5.13: Khai bo Mail server

Incoming mail (POP3) server: G a ch mail server cha hp th nhn v ca bn (a ch ny tu thuc vo ISP bn ng k). V d: mail.vnn.vn

Outgoing mail (SMTP) server: G a ch mail server cha hp th gi i. V d: mail.vnn.vn

Sau bn click vo next> (hnh IV-14)

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Hnh 5.14: Khai bo tn truy nhp Mail Server

POP account name: bn g tn Account hp th ca bn (phn trc @ trong a ch th ca bn) nh trng hp ny chng ta g l: support1

Password: l Pasword hp th ca bn ( y bn c th g password hay khng l tu theo bn, ch khng nht thit phi g Password vo khai bo nh trn)

Bc tip theo s cho ta nh (hnh 5-15)

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Hnh 5.15

Internet mail account name: bn c th ghi nh trong trng hp ny mail.vnn.vn

Hnh 5.16: La chn phng thc kt ni truy nhp mng

Tip theo bn chn Connect using my phone line

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Hnh 5.17: Chn kt ni modem

Bc tip theo bn chn Use an existing dial-up connecttion v sau chn n kt ni m bn ci t s dng chng trnh email (Hnh 9)

Cui cng bn click vo finish kt thc qu trnh ci t.

2.2 S dng phn mm gi v nhn th

Sau khi khi to chng trnh(Chn Start --> Program --> Outlook Express, hoc Click vo biu tng Outlook Express trn mn hnh)

Trn thanh cng c c cc nt chc nng sau:

New Mail: Dng to th mi.

Reply: Dng tr li cho tc gi ca bc th gi cho mnh.

Reply All: Dng tr li cho tc gi v nhng ngi ng nhn bc th ny.

Forward: Dng chuyn tip bc th cho ngi th ba.

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Print: In th.

Delete: Xo th.

Send/Recv: Nhn v gi th.

Addresses: S lu a ch to sn.

Find: Dng tm th.

Chc nng ca cc Folders chnh

Inbox: Cha nhng th nhn v.

Outbox: Cha nhng th son xong v ch gi i.

Send Items: Copy nhng th gi thnh cng.

Deleted Items: Cha nhng th b xo

Ngoi cc Folders chnh trn bn c th to nhng Folders ca ring mnh thun tin trong vic qun l th: Trn thanh menu ca giao din Outkook Express:

chn File -> Folder -> New to Folder ring cho mnh.

+ son th mi:

Click chut vo nt New Mail , (Nu bn dng Outlook 4.0 th nt New Mail v menu Message s c thay bng Compose message v menu Compose) trn thanh cng c hoc chn menu Message --> New Message m th mi nh (hnh 5-18)

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Hnh 5.18: Son th mi gi i

Trong trng To: G vo a ch Email ngi nhn. V d: [email protected]

Trong trng CC: G vo a ch Email ngi ng nhn.V d: [email protected].

Trong trng Subject: g vo tiu bc th.

G ni dung bc th.

Nu bn mun gi mt hay nhiu File to sn Click mouse vo nt chc nng

hoc chn menu Insert -> File Attachment -> chn file cn gi ri Click mouse

vo

Click vo nt chuyn th mi to vo Outbox.

+Gi th i v nhn th v:

Sau khi son xong th v chuyn vo Outbox. Click vo nt trn thanh cng c. Xut hin ca s nh hnh 5-19

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Hnh 5.19: Khai bo tn v Password truy nhp mng

Trong ca s hnh 5-19 g vo:

User Name: G vo User Name internet ca bn ng k vi ISP

Password: G vo Pasword internet ca bn

Sau Click vo OK Phn mm quay s kt ni vo mail server hin ca s nh hnh 5-20 g vo Password ca Account email ca ring bn vo,sau click Ok (ca s ny khng xut hin nu bn a g vo trong phn ci t)

Hnh 5.20: Khai bo Username, password hp th

Khi chng trnh s gi cc bc th c lu trong Outbox v nhn cc th mi v In Box

+ X l th nhn v

c th mi: M Inbox --> Click vo tiu ca bc th cn c --> ni dung bc th s c tri xung trong ca s cha ni dung (hnh 5-21)

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Hnh 5.21: Inbox trong Outlook Express

Nu nhn c th c km File, bn click vo biu tng ci kp ghim c ni dung File (hnh -22). Hoc chn File/Save Attachments

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Hnh 5.22: Save file gi km

Tr li: Chn th cn tr li. Click vo tr li cho tc gi ca bc th . G vo ni dung tr li ri gi th i. Nu mun tr li tc gi v nhng ngi ng

nhn th Click vo

Chuyn tip bc th cho ngi th ba: Click vo g a ch ca ngi cn chuyn vo trng To v gi th i .

Sp xp th: thun tin trong vic qun l v theo di th nhn v, bn nn sp xp th trong Inbox theo mt th t thuc th loi no : Chn menu View Sort By

Chn th loi sp xp Chn Descending sp xp theo mc gim dn t trn xung hoc chn Aescending sp xp theo th t ngc li

Th loi Chc nng

Priority Sp xp theo th t u tin ca th

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Attachment Sp xp th t theo u tin nhng th nh km File

From Sp xp theo th t alphabetic ca ngi gi

Subject Sp xp theo th t alphabetic ca ch

Received Sp xp theo th t ngy nhn.

Chuyn th vo Folder ring: bn c th chuyn nhng th (theo mun) vo nhng Folder ring:

To Folder ring(Nu cha c) nh trnh by phn trn. Chn th cn chuyn, trn thanh cng c chn menu Edit --> Move To Folder --> chn Folder cha th --> Ok.

In th

Chn th cn in, Click vo biu tng trn thanh cng c, chn kiu in Ok.

Ghi ch: Nh ni, qu trnh gi v nhn th phi thng qua hai bc l kt ni vo mail server v chy chng trnh ng dng. Tuy nhin bn c th kt hp c hai trong qu trnh s dng(Nh trn), m c th l: Sau khi son th xong, bn click vo send and receive trn thanh cng c, chng trnh s t ng tr n Connection c to thc hin vic kt ni ti mail server. Nu kt ni thnh cng chng trnh s gi nhng th trong Outbox i v nhn th mi v Inbox. Mc d vic s dng kt hp nh trn c tin li trong qu trnh s dng, song nu bn tch ring tng bc: kt ni v chy chng trnh ng dng th bn s d dng hn trong vic kim sot li.

3. S dng WEB MAIL.

Hin nay nhu cu s dng email rt ln, ngoi vic s dng cc hp th (Email) do cc ISP cung cp, nhu cu s dng cc hp th FREE trn mng Internet kh ph bin nht l i vi hc sinh, sinh vin.

Trn Internet c rt nhiu a ch cho php ng k Email Free nh: http://www.yahoo.com ; http://www.hotmail.com v.v. Vit nam cng c cc a ch cho php ng k Email Free nh: http://vol.vnn.vn , http://saigon.vnn.vn/webmail . Trong chng ny chng ti khng th hng dn ht cc a ch Email Free m gii thiu cch ng k, s dng mt hp th ti a ch http://vol.vnn..vn cc trang khc c cch s dng tng t.

3.1 ng k m hp th VOL.VNN.VN

ng k m mi mt hp th ti VOL.VNN.VN bn kt ni vo Internet sau m trang web http://vol.vnn.vn xut hin ca s nh hnh v:

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http://www.yahoo.com/http://www.hotmail.com/http://vol.vnn.vn/http://saigon.vnn.vn/webmailhttp://vol.vnn..vn/http://vol.vnn.vn/


Hnh 5.23

Bn kch vo ng k ng k m hp th mi. Sau khi xut hin ca s ng k, bn chn tn truy nhp ca bn ( chn tn hp th) vo cc tham s theo yu cu trn trang web

+ Mt khu; H v tn; Ngy sinh; Gii tnh; a ch; S in thoi; M bu in;

Ngh nghip, sau kch vo nt tip tc. Nu tn truy nhp ca bn khng b trng th s xut hin trang web bn kim tra cc thng tin bn nhp xem

ng cha, nu ung bn kch vo kt thc qu tnh ng k v sau 24 gi hp th ca bn s s dng c.

1. S dng hp th vol.vnn.vn

s dng hp th, bn kt ni vo Internet m trang web http://vol.vnn.vn xem

th. Khi trang web m ra bn kch vo nt hoc nt

s dng trang web bng ting Vit hay ting Anh. truy nhp hp th bn hy nhp tn truy nhp (login name) ng k, mt khu (password) sau kch vo xem th (login) s dng.

Phn di y chng ti gii thiu mt s chc nng trong khi s dng.

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http://vol.vnn.vn/


: Cc th mi n u c a vo Hp th, trong hp th s cha danh sch cc th mi v th c. Trong Hp th bn c th tu la chn cc th no m bn mun c trong Inbox.

2. Sent

Sent l ni cha ton b cc th m bn gi i (Nu bn chn hp lu th gi i) ngoi ra n cn cha mt s th khc do bn chuyn t th mc khc vo Sent. Khi bn bm chut vo Sent bn s nhn c danh sch cc th trong th mc ny. Bn c th la chn tu cc th m bn mun c trong Sent.

3. Draft

Draft l ni cha ton b cc th bn ang son d hoc l cc th c chuyn t th mc khc vo Draft, bn c th tip tc son cc th ang son d v gi n i hoc xo b n khi khng cn thit.

4. Trash

Trash l th mc cha cc ton b cc th khi bn xo th mc hoc chng c chuyn t mt th mc khc ti, bn c th chuyn cc th trong th mc ny vo cc th mc khc.

: Khi bn kch vo son th son th gi i ti mt a ch hp th khc

:

Trong phn ny chng ti hng dn bn cch s dng s a ch: to a ch mi, sa cha v xo b thng tin trong s a ch cng cch chn a ch trong s a ch.

To a ch t s a ch

1. Bn mun to mt a ch mi vo trong s a ch ti menu bn chn "a ch - > To a ch mi", sau hin ra mt form cho php bn nhp thng tin vo. Bn hy tin hnh ln lt cc bc nh chng ti yu cu.

2. Trong form hin ra bn phi nhp vo y cc thng tin btbuc l h tn v a ch E-mail. Nu mun b xung thm thng tin bn bm vo nt "Thm thng tin chi tit" c th nhp vo ccthng tin chi tit hn.

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3. Sau khi hon tt bm vo nt "Lu thng tin" hon thnh vic to a ch, hoc bm vo nt "Hu b" hu b vic to a ch.

To a ch khi c th

1. Trong qu trnh bn c th mi ban cng c th to a ch. u tin bn m th t hp th hoc t bt k th mc no.

2. T trang xem ni dung th bm vo ng link "Thm vo s a ch". Khi a ch E-mail ca ngi gi th cho bn s c thm vo S a ch.


To a ch nhm

Cho php bn to ra cc nhm a ch, trong mi nhm s cha cc a ch e-mail ca cc thnh vin trong nhm . Khi gi th theo nhm th th s c chuyn n tt c cc thnh vin trong nhm.

1. Bn mun to a ch nhm trong s a ch ti menu bn chn "a ch - > To nhm mi", sau hin ra mt form cho php bn nhp thng tin vo Tn nhm v danh sch cc thnh vin trong nhm.

2. Mi thnh vin trong nhm ng trn mt dng.


Sa a ch c nhn

C 2 cch sa a ch c:

1. T s a ch bm vo ng link "Sa" trong ct Sa tng ng vi dng a chi c nhn m bn mun sa.

2. T s ia ch bm vo ng link "H tn" ca a ch mun sa tng ng vi dng a ch mun sa, mt form hin ra ban c th bm vo nt "Sa thng tin" sa cc thng tin .

Sa a ch nhm

Ti s a ch bn a chut chn tn nhm cn sa, s xut hin mt mn hnh cho php bn tin hnh sa cha.

Xo a ch

C 2 cch xo mt a ch c:

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1. T s a ch bm vo ng link "Xo" trong ct Xo tng ng vi dng a ch c nhn m bn mun xo.

2. T s ia ch bm vo ng link "H tn" ca a ch mun xo tng ng vi dng a ch mun xo, mt form hin ra bn c th bm vo nt "Xo" xo a ch ny.

Xo a ch nhm: Ti s a ch bn bm vo ng link "Xo" trong ct Xo tng ng vi nhm m bn cn xo.

* Cch gi th ti mt ngi hoc nhm ngi t S a ch

T s a ch bm vo ng link ca a ch hoc nhm a ch m bn mun gi trong ct "a ch E-mail".

* Cch gi th ti nhiu ngi t S a ch

Trong s a ch, bn hy nh du vo cc check box tng ng vi cc a ch m bn mun gi th ti sau bm nt "Sonth".Danh sch cc a ch bn bn chn s c t ng in vo khi son th.

Trong phn ny s h tr cho bn cch to ra mt th mc cho ring bn.

Cc bc tin hnh :

Bc 1: Bn cn nhp vo tn th mc s to ra vo text.

(ch : tn th mc ch bao gm cc ch ci, k s v k t _)

Bc 2: Sau khi nhp vo tn th mc bn hy bm vo phm "To th

mc" kt thc cng vic.

Bc 3: Nu khng mun to th mc bn bm vo phm "Tr li" quay v

trng thi trc.

To ch k c nhn

Trong mc ny cho php bn to ra mt on vn bn (thng tin c nhn), on ny s c chn

vo phn cui ca ni dung th khi bn gi i nu bn bm vo mc "Thm ch k" phn son th.

VD: Nguyn Vn A

e-mail: [email protected]

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