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The concept of  Chivalry emerges from two traditions: 

•Germanic concepts of  honour and loyalty

•Christian ethic

The rise of  crusading contributed to strengthen the chivalrous ethic.

The first stage of  honorable achievement was to defend the faith and 

protect the Holy Church

',  ,  . 

Other duties were to defend and  rotect the weak, includin   women, 

widows, and

 children,

 and

 to

 pursue criminals and bring them to  justice.

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e n g t a 

to 

e 

sans  peur  w ou  ear

u  a so

sans reproc e w ou reproac .

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 When the candidate knight was about twenty —and

considered adequately prepared physically andmentally— he would be solemnly and publicly made a

.

which Germanic primitive societies marked thecoming of age of adolescence.

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Adubment on the Battle Field (after a 14th Century Arthurian Romance)

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 Jousts and ournaments

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.

used in a joust. It was about 4 metres in length and

averaged 12 cm in diameter, being thicker toward the

with a conical guard protecting the hand and arm.

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Various European

 Swords,

 12th

‐13th

 Centuries

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Various Forms of  Battle‐Axes, 13th and 14th 

Centuries

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Closed helmet 14th centur

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Fully armored horse

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M e

Tournaments often started with a mêlée:

A fight in which the combatants are mingled

in one confused mass. Two groups of riders

their opponents, the contest continuing untilno member of one group retains his plume

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Two n g ts g t w e t e a es 

watch from the battlements

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Wor   g t ng on oot

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Dur ng t e tournaments,  n g ts

were often seriously wounded

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healing his wounds and given the 

crown of  victory

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Tournaments ended with a celebration

with music and dancing