BcBtB B¨BmB®6 B1 ê 4B+ G - env.go.jp · 0 per cent 1 – 20 per cent 21 – 40 per cent 41 – 60 per cent 61 – 80 per cent 81 – 100 per cent B_ B® Bk B¤ B® B B. B B BN

1

2010 12 15

( )

, ( , PWRI)Andrew JOHNSON

(Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, CEH)

22

•

2005 2009

•

• Roach

EDC

2

0 per cent

1–20 per cent

21–40 per cent

41–60 per cent

61–80 per cent

81–100 per cent

Jobling et al., 2006)

3

17�-estradiol (E2)

Estrone (E1)

OH

OH

O

OH

Ethynylestradiol EE2)

OH

OH

ng/L4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

England Japan

No

rma

lis

ed

ex

cre

tio

n E

2 e

qu

iv u

g/h

ea

d/d

2%( , 2001)

%

E2 (Johnson et al., 2006

0.6 %

?

? ? ?

6

1)2)3)

UK-J Phase 2 CORE 1 (2005 to 2009)

Estradiol (E2) Estriol (E3) Estrone(E1)

( or

Ethynyl estradiol (EE2)

O

C ONa

OH

HO

OH

O

OHSO

O

OH

OH

7

Sample

SPE

(GF/B)

Oasis HLB

STD

NH2 Cartridge

CH3CN/H2O(1:9),1ml

MeOH 0.5% NH4OH/MeOH

N2 Evap.

LC-MS/MS LC-MS/MS

Clean up

Clean-up with NH2

Change LC 50 mm 100 mm

: 500 ml

/ : 1000 ml

8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G E3-3G

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/L)

Influent Effluent

UK (n = 3)

� E1, E2 EE2

�

�

=Range

9

� EE2

� E1� E1

n=29

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

E1 E2 E3 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/L)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rem

oval

effi

cien

cy (

%)

Influent Effluent Removal

10

0

20

40

60

80

100


Rem

oval efficien

cy (%

)

Removal efficiency

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100


Rem

oval

effi

cien

cy (%

)E2,EE2

E1

Jap

an

(n

= 9

)U

K (

n=

3)

=Range

11

12

� E1 EE2

E2

� EE2

0

10

20

30

40

50

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/L)

Influent

Effluent

Downstream

E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E2-3&17GE3-3&17G

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (n

g/L

)

13

Benson Sandhurst

R. Thames Camberley

Parking

Sandhurst

14

E2

?

PST Reactor FST

Qs

Qs Qs

PST Reactor FST

Qs

Qs

kQs

Qs

kQs

+

SRT

15

SRT=22E1 E2

�� ..

N=6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

E1 E2 E3 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/L)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rem

oval

effi

cien

cy (

%)

Secondary Effluent After Ozonation Removal

16

D7

D4

D5

D3

D2

D9

D8D6

D1

U2

U1

K1

U9 U6

U7

U9

U10

K7

K9K8

K6

K5

K10

K4

K2

K3

U3 U4

U9

17

�E2 EE2 , E1

�E1 ,

�E1

(segment)

(segment)

STP

STP

STP

60

, , ,

18

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fro

me

Dar

t

Tor

ridge

Cuc

kmer

e

Gre

at S

tour

Aru

n

Soa

r

Tem

e

Cro

uch

Cam

Wea

r

Tee

s

Ede

n

Cal

der

Wyr

e

Taf

f

Tyw

i

Eas

tern

Cle

ddau

Con

wy

Mer

sey

Irwel

l

Aire

Don

Bly

th

Ere

was

h

Tre

nt

Idle

Littl

e O

use

Wav

eney

Tha

mes

Med

way

Avo

n

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1075% 25%

19

EEQ (ng/L) E

sti

mate

d E

EQ

E2-e

qu

ivale

nt,

ng

/L

ng/L

Risk Class

No risk

At risk

High risk

LF2000-WQX

(>1 ng/L EEQ)

(>10 ng/L EEQ)20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0R

umoi

Sar

u

Tok

oro

Ishi

kari

Aka

Yon

esiro

Kita

kam

i

Tsu

rum

i

Kuj

i

Nak

a

Kak

ehas

hi

Kur

obe

Ara

Shi

nano

Kik

u

Abe

Syo

unai

Kis

o

Kita

Yam

ato

Yur

a

Ash

ida

Asa

hi

Gou

no

Dok

i

Mon

obe

Niy

odo

Yos

hino

Hom

myo

Kim

otsu

ki

Ooi

ta

Chi

kugo

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

1ng/L

30.6 18.0

98Summer

98Autumn

99Spring

99Summer

99Autumn

99Winter

00Autumn

01Autumn

NA NA NA NA NA

NA:No available data

21

Estr

og

en

ic A

cti

vit

ies, E

2-e

qu

ivale

nt,

ng

/LEEQ

(ng/L)

YES Assayw/ hER

22

•• k=0.067 /h

0

1

2

3

4

0 1 2 3 4

Estimated Concentration (ng/L)

Mea

sure

d C

once

ntra

tion

(ng/

L)

Theoretical line (x=y)

23

24

� SRT E1 , O3.

25

SRT + O3

E1

25

• EE2E2

• SRT

•

•

•

Summary

26

27

Acknowledgements

12th Annual Scientific Workshop UK-Japan Co-operation for Research on Endocrine Disrupters in the Aquatic Environment held at Otterburn HallNorthumberlandNational Park UK on 2-4 November 2010

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