Automation and Control of a limited size parking lot using PIC18 Microcontroller

Alaa SharifAli GhamlouchZaher Khattab

April 2011

Presented to: Dr. Youmin Zhang

Contents Introduction

The Hardware

Circuit Diagram

Flow Chart

Sensing and Interrupts

Actuation

Feedback and Display

Conclusion

Future Work

Introduction

• The objective of the project is to count number of cars

entering and exiting the parking lot

• Number of available lots is displayed on an LCD

• Automation components used: Sensors, Servo Motors,

LCD display, indicator LEDs

• components are connected to microcontroller (PIC18F4431)

to simulate the sensing, actuating,

and feedback

The Hardware

• PIC18F4431 Microcontrollers

• 2 Sensors, each sensor consist of a IR

transmitter & 40 KHz receiver

• 555 timer

• 2 Electric Servo motors (HiTEC HS-422)

• LCD Display (2 Lines, Max 16 character in

each line)

• 4 indicating LEDs (2 Green, 2 Red)

Circuit Diagram

Flow Chart

Sensing

• Introducing IR emitter-receiver sensor

• Implementation of the IR emitter-receiver sensor using 555 timer

Sensing

• Frequency Calibration IR emitter-receiver:

0.693 (+)   == 2.5 * sec

is a variable resistor

Actuation

• 2 servo motors controlling the opening and closing of gates

• Generating delays to turn the motor(loop repetition)

Actuation

• On and off delay defines duty cycle, period and frequency Neutral: 1.5 ms high , 18.5 ms

low

Rotation : 1.9 ms high, 18.1 ms low

• Maintaining the position of the motor

Feedback and Display

• Interrupt through sensors

• Incrementing / decrementing a register to count available lots

• Displaying available lots on LCD

• Indicator LEDs to indicate opening and closing of gates

Conclusion

• Combination between hardware and software was achieved with success

• Fulfilling the interface between the IR emitter receiver sensor, the 2 servo motors, the LCD and the four indicator LEDs

Future Work

• Use of vision system to indicate presence of cars on gate

• Fully automated vision system indicating number of available slots and controlling the gates

• Use of IR sensors on all parking slots to indicate a vacant one, and displaying slot’s number on LCD

Thank You