Art and Social Consciousness: Special Issue || Front Matter

Leonardo

Front MatterSource: Leonardo, Vol. 26, No. 5, Art and Social Consciousness: Special Issue (1993), pp. 378-458Published by: The MIT PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1576028 .

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Volume 26 Number 5 1993

Special Issue

ART AND SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS

Guest Editor: Sheila Pinkel



Main Editorial Office Leonardo 672 South Van Ness Avenue San Francisco, CA 94110, U.S.A. Fax: 415-431-5737 E-mail: <[email protected]>

European Editorial Office Leonardo 8 rue Emile Dunois 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France Fax: 33-1-46-04-43-28

Executive Editor

Roger F. Malina

Managing Editor Pamela Grant-Ryan

Senior Editor Patricia Bentson

Coordinating Editor Rebecca Neeley

Associate Editors

Marjorie Malina

Judy Malloy

Special Projects Editor Lisa Bornstein

Corresponding Editors Eva Belik Louis M. Brill Annick Bureaud Denise Penrose

Design Thomas Ingalls + Associates

Production LeGwin Associates

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Office Assistant Melanie Sanchez

Founder: FrankJ. Malina (1912-1981) FrankJ. Malina founded the journal Leonardo in 1967 as a professional journal for

working artists to write about their own work. The journal's interdisciplinary aims and scope reflect his many achievements as an aeronautical engineer, pioneer in

rocketry, research administrator, promoter of international cooperation, artist and editor.

Founding Publisher: I.R. Maxwell (1923-1991) I.R. Maxwell, as chairman of Pergamon Press, was the founding publisher of Leonardo in 1967. His vision of the future of publishing was instrumental to the establishment of contemporary scientific and scholarly publications and resulted in a major contribution to the development of modern science. His support and

encouragement of Leonardo over 25 years are gratefully acknowledged.

Leonardo (ISSN 0024-094X) is published five times per year (February, April,June, August, and October) by The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A., for Leonardo, the International Society of the Arts, Sciences and Technology (Leonardo/ISAST). The Leonardo MusicJournalwith CD (ISSN 0961-1215) is published as a companion volume. Copyright ? 1993 ISAST. Second-class postage pending at Boston and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: send address changes to: Leonardo, MIT PressJournals, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A.

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LEONARDO EDITORIAL BOARD Authors interested in publishing in Leonardo are encouraged to submit their proposals or manuscripts to a member of the Leonardo editorial board. Manuscripts received at the editorial office with the endorsement of an editorial board member receive priority processing for publishing.

International Co-Editors David Carrier, Dept. of History and

Philosophy, Carnegie-Mellon University, Schenley Park, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Jiirgen Claus, B-4837 Baelen, Overoth 5, Belgium ('92-'94)

Brigitte Kessel, rueJ. B. Meunier 30, 1180 Bruxelles, Belgium

Carol Law, 2650 Bear Gulch Road, Woodside, CA 94062, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Editorial Advisors Manfred Eisenbeis, Kunsthochschule

fiur Medien Koln, Peter-Welter-Platz 2, 5000 Cologne, Germany

Michele Emmer, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita Ca Foscari, Dorsoduro 3825/E, 30123 Venice, Italy ('92-'94)

Bulat Galeyev, KAI, SKB "Prometei," ul. K. Marksa, 10, Kazan 420111, Russia ('93-'95)

Nancy Gorglione, 2047 Blucher Valley Rd., Sebastopol, CA 95472, U.S.A. ('92-'94)

Honorary Editors

George Agoston (U.S.A.) ('93-'95) Rudolf Arnheim (U.S.A.) Roy Ascott (U.K.) Claude Berge (France) Max Bill (Switzerland) Vladimir Bonacic (Croatia) Ray Bradbury (U.S.A.) Giorgio Careri (Italy) ('94-'96) Elmer Duncan (U.S.A.) John E. Fobes (U.S.A.) Herbert W. Franke (Germany) Yona Friedman (Israel) ('93-'95) Henri Gabriel (Belgium) Reginald Gadney (U.K.)

Thomas E. Linehan, CRSS Architects, 1177 West Loop South, P.O. Box 22421, Houston, TX 77227, U.S.A.

Judy Malloy, Box 2340, 2140 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA 94704, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Sheila Pinkel, 620 Moulton Ave., No. 109, Los Angeles, CA 90031, U.S.A. ('92-'94)

Larry Polansky, Department of Music, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, U.S.A.

Itsuo Sakane, 4-15-17, Naka-Machi, Machida-Shi, Tokyo 194, Japan

Istvan Hargittai, Structural Chemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest VIII, Puskin utca 11-13, P.O. Box 117, H-1431, Hungary

Madhoor Kapur, 10 Rajdoot Marg, Chana-Kyapuri, New Delhi 110021, India

John Lansdown, Computer Arts

Society, 50/51 Russell Square, London WC1B 4JX, England ('94-'96)

Aleksandra Manczak, Adwentowicza 6/91, 92-536 L6di, Poland

Jorge Glusberg (Argentina) Sir Ernst Gombrich (U.K.) Vic Gray (New Zealand) ('94-'96) Richard L. Gregory (U.K.) YusufA. Grillo (Nigeria) Anthony Hill (U.K.) John H. Holloway (U.K.) Thomas T. Ichinose (Japan) Peter LloydJones (U.K.) Gyorgy Kepes (U.S.A.) Richard I. Land (U.S.A.) ('94-'96) Jacques Mandelbrojt (France) Charles Mattox (U.S.A.) Joseph Needham (U.K.)

Sonia Sheridan, 718 Noyes, Evanston, IL 60201, U.S.A.

Kirill Sokolov, 213 Gilesgate, Durham

City, DH1 1QN, U.K. David R. Topper, History Department,

University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada

Makepeace Tsao, 533 Antioch Drive, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Stephen Wilson, 74 Coleridge, San Francisco, CA 94110, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Jack Ox, 712 Broadway, New York, NY 10003, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Clifford Pickover, IBM ThomasJ. Watson Research Center, Yorktown

Heights, NY 10598, U.S.A. ('92-'94) Otto Piene, Center for Advanced Visual

Studies, MIT, 40 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A.

Ervin Rodin, 31 Nantucket Lane, St. Louis, MO 63132, U.S.A. ('93-'95)

Rejane Spitz, PUC-RIO, Departmento de Arte, Marques de Vicente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ('93-'95)

Jaroslav Pluhar (Czechoslovakia) Nikolai Ponomarev (Russia) Frank Popper (France) Harry Rand (U.S.A.) Lord Eric Roll (U.K.) Ronald Searle (U.K.) Allan Shields (U.S.A.) ('93-'95) Ryszard Stanislawski (Poland) K G. Subramanyan (India) Pierre Szekely (France) Karen Tsao (U.S.A.) Takis (Greece)



WI *i! lXQ

Leonardo Endowment Funds

The Board of Directors of Leonardo/ISAST wishes to thank all who have contributed to the Leonardo Endowment Fund and the Leonardo Awards Endowment Funds.

Recent contributors have included:

Ray Bradbury

Theodosia Ferguson

John C. Fobes

Alan Malina

Roger Mulkey

Elmer H. Duncan

Alex and Martha Nicoloff

Lord Eric Roll

Rosa Casarez

Patricia L. Bentson

Marjorie Malina

Ken and Doris Herrick

Timothy Binkley

Gertrude Reagan

Martin G. Anderson

Lisa R. Borstein

Leonard Shlain

Goery Delac6te

Henry Rosenthal and

Carola B. Anderson

Ronald R. Brown

The Leonardo Endowment Fund and the Leonardo Awards Endowment Funds were set up to secure the future of Leonardo, the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology, its awards program and other activities. For more information about donations to Leonardo (tax deductible in the U.S.), please contact Leonardo/ISAST, 672 South Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110, U.S.A.



ART AND SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS

SPECIAL ISSUE

SHEILA PINKEL, Guest Editor PATRICIA BENTSON, Special Issue CoordinatingEditor

INTRODUCTION SHELIA PINKEL: Art and Social Consciousness 365

ARTISTS' ARTICLES HELEN MAYER HARRISON AND NEWTON HARRISON: Shifting Positions Toward the Earth: 371

Art and Environmental Awareness

JOAN BRIGHAM: Reclamation Artists: A Report from Boston 379

AGNES DENES: Notes on Eco-Logic: Environmental Artwork, 387 Visual Philosophy and Global Perspective

MICHAEL TIDMUS: Anecdotal Evidence: 397 A Survey of HyperCard Computer Projects

ARTUR MATUCK: Information and Intellectual Property, 405

Including a Proposition for an International Symbol for Released Information: SEMION

DEEDEE HALLECK: Deep Dish TV: Community Video from Geostationary Orbit 415

BEN CALDWELL: KAOS at Ground Zero: Video, Teleconferencing 421 and Community Networks

NANCY BUCHANAN: Works and Networks: Information Art 423 and the Use of Low-End Electronics for Individual and Community Projects

LYNN HERSHMAN: Touch-Sensitivity and Other Forms of Subversion: 431 Interactive Artwork

JEFFREY SCHULZ: Virtu-Real Space: Information Technologies 437 and the Politics of Consciousness

ESTHER PARADA: Taking Liberties: Digital Revision as Cultural Dialogue 445

CAROLE CONDE AND KARL BEVERIDGE: In the Corporate Shadows: 451

Community Arts Practice and Technology

THEORETICAL/HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE PAUL VON BLUM: New Visions, New Viewers, New Vehicles: 459

Twentieth-Century Developments in North American Political Art

LEONA DO Volume 26 Number 5 1993

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

ICLIIL



ABOUT THE FRONT COVER

Helen Mayer Harrison and Newton Harrison, The Seventh Lagoon, of The Lagoon Cycle, Panel No. 6, installation, 8 x 13 ft, 1979. This work is part of the artists' 12-year work, The Lagoon Cycle (1974-1984), encompassing text, drawings, maps, site-specific environmental artworks and performance. The Lagoon Cycle includes a 350-ft-long narrative in the form of a discourse between two charac- ters. The work is named for the estuarial lagoons that are endangered everywhere, with the lagoon as a metaphor for life itself. The following is part of the text accompanying The Seventh Lagoon.

After all the ocean whispered I am the beneficiary of your garbage can as you are the beneficiary of my abundance and everybody knows that ice into water and water to ice are changes of state

Upon hearing this we took a present world map and drew a probable world

It is said that if all the ice melted the oceans would rise about 300feet So we drew a line as best we could at the 300-foot level and thought about how the land would shrink as the oceans grew

And the waters will rise slowly at the boundary at the edge redrawing that boundary continually moment by moment all over altogether all at once

It is a graceful drawing and redrawing this response to the millennia of the making offire

As the waters rise slowly in the Red Sea and the Dead Sea the Caspian the North the Baltic and the Black the ocean gyres will redraw themselves as will the currents and the tides

And over time gracefully this rising tide willflow up every river that once flowed down to the sea and each freshwater tongue will withdraw before the advance of the salt

Up the Saint Lawrence the Columbia the Amazon the Hudson the Mississippi the White Nile and the Blue the Volga the Don the Danube and the Thames the Seine and the Loire the Rhone and the Rhine and the Garonne the Ganges the Congo the Tigris and the Euphrates the Yellow the Amur the Irrawaddy the Lena the Potomac and the Snake and all rivers named and unnamed

And the flood plains that are farmed upon and lived upon will become marches or swamps or bogs or beds for swollen rivers or shallow inland seas and the tropics will become uninhabitable and the far north will become temperate and corn and rice and wheat and beans and plantain manioc and yams and all the grains and starchy roots known and unknown named and unnamed will have to grow elsewhere than now and most life known and unknown will have to go elsewhere than now as vast parts of the eastern seaboard of the United States and parts of Europe near the North Sea and much of South America near the Amazon and China somewhere and Russian in some parts India and other bits of Asia Africa Polynesia Melanesia Australia andJapan will join the growing sea

And in this new beginning this continuously rebeginning you willfeed me when my lands can no longer produce and I will house you when your lands are covered with water and together we will withdraw as the waters rise



. 3! **. A!.L

Women, Art and Technology

Call for Papers

The editors of Leonardo are soliciting papers from women working with art and technology and/or art and science. Possible topics include:

* documentation of women's pioneering work in art relating to technology or science * historical and/or theoretical overviews of women artists working with technology or

science * women artists working with cutting-edge technologies * technology development from the female point of view (hardware, software, interface

design, applications, etc.) * artworks with female-centered content * successful collaborations between women and men, including women artists working with

male technicians

Submissions will be considered for publication in Leonardo and for eventual publication in a

Leonardo Book on Women, Art and Technology. Authors interested in submitting an article should send a manuscript proposal and/or a request for Leonardo Editorial Guidelines to

Judy Malloy or Pat Bentson, Leonardo, 672 South Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110. E-mail: <[email protected]>.



* ~~ A A

The Visual Mind:

Art and Mathematics Edited by MicheleEmmer

A Leonardo Book Published by The MIT Press

55 Hayward Street

Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A.

Collaboration between artists and mathematicians is of greater interest today than at any time since the Renaissance. Mathematicians are looking at visual representations in new ways, while many artists

today have profound interest in new technologies and new approaches.

The computer revolution is very much a part of this increased fascination-as computers are used

increasingly to connect the talents of artists and scientists in multidisciplinary areas of research.

Various aspects of Visual Mathematics-discussions of aesthetic issues, historical perspectives and

practical applications-are included in this volume, along with chapters by mathematicians who create artworks and chapters by artists who use Visual Mathematics as the basis for their art. Through discussions of the methods used to create these works, the reader is introduced to a new universe of mathematical images, forms and shapes in media ranging from drawings to computer graphics.

The Visual Mind includes 36 chapters covering Geometry and Visualization, Computer Graphics, Symmetry, and Perspective, with introductions on each of these topics. The chapters are richly illustrated in color and in black and white.

Michele Emmer is a Professor of Mathematics in Venice, Italy.



*)~ Ap, Ai AI~~ IYf~Y

Leonardo MusicJournal Vol. 3

The Leonardo MusicJournal and Compact Disc

* spotlights independent artists and scholars whose work extends the boundaries of musical and artistic disciplines in new and provocative ways

* emphasizes peer-reviewed writings by composers, sound artists, researchers, musicians, instrument builders and musical theorists about their own work

* focuses on experimental aesthetics and technologies (including multimedia) as they relate to cultural, social, historical and political musical contexts

Some of the highlights from our upcoming issue:

Kristi A. Allik and Robert C. F. Mulder (Canada)

Skyharp: An Interactive Electroacoustic Instrument

Xavier Chabot (France) To Listen and to See: Making and Using Electronic Instruments

Pauline Oliveros (United States) The Earth Worm Also Sings: A Composer's Practice of Deep Listening

Richard Povall (United States) The Last Garden-Explorations in Interactive Performance Methods

Giuseppe G. Englert (France) Our Score: A Description of Metro 3, A Compositional and Performance Software Program

Charles Ames (United States) How to Level a Driver Sequence

Vocal Neighborhoods: A Walk through the Post-Sound-Poetry Landscape by Larry Wendt, curator (United States)

Notes by Contributors to the CD

LMJ's 1993 CD Vocal Neighborhoods is an international stroll through some of the most interesting neighborhoods in a genre of vocal art that is distinct from both music and the

spoken word.

VOCAL NEIGHBORHOODS selections

Henri Chopin (France), le souffle et la langue/ Paul Dutton (Canada), Metalogos: Suite in Two Parts (A & B)/ Brenda Hutchinson (United States), Long Tube Trio/ David M. Moss (United States), Conjure Valeri Scherstjanoi (usia), / Sense-Non-Sense (), Introduction to Speech- Opera)/ Amanda Stewart (Australia), ? / Trevor Wishart (United Kingdom), Vocalise



0) ** A A~ )IIY C?I~ I~ ' IL

The Leonardo Almanac:

International Resources in Art, Science

and Technology Edited by Craig Harris

A Leonardo Book Published by The MIT Press

55 Hayward Street Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A.

The Leonardo Almanac is an invaluable one-stop resource for those who are working at the intersection of the arts, sciences and technology. Included are profiles of major individuals, institutions and companies active in related fields. The organizations directory alone contains more than 500 entries for artist-in-residence, fellowship, sound and music, video and holography programs.

In addition, the Almanac includes an artists' Words on Works archive, a Speakers' Network, bibliogra- phies on everything from fractals to virtual reality to multimedia, and a calendar listing of events, competitions and funding deadlines.

The Leonardo Almanac covers a wide range of topics-computer graphics and animation, holography, robotics, telecommunications and art, video, computer literature, applications of artificial intelligence to the arts, applications of computers to music, and new materials in the arts.

The in-depth profiles, examples of artists' works, detailed programs for educational institutions and research facilities, funding agencies, and artist-in-residence programs make this a key resource.

Craig Harris is Executive Director of Leonardo/The International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology.



I **S.1 ' j itU, Eriv i

The Fifth International Symposium on Electronic Art---ISEA 94

Helsinki, Finland 23-28 August 1994

The Fifth International Symposium on Electronic Art will take place in Helsinki, Finland, August 23- 28, 1994. Like the preceding symposiums (Utrecht 1988, Groningen 1990, Sydney 1992, Minneapolis 1993) ISEA 94 will be a lively forum for participating artists, critics, scholars, scientists and educators who share an interest in the electronic media.

The sessions and artistic venues of ISEA 94 will focus on four themes:

* Spacescapes-Configurations of Space and Landscape in the Electronic Arts. The electronic arts create new sets of spatial concepts and experiences. ISEA 94 will assess the aesthetic and social

implications of this paradigm shift.

* High & Low-Cultural Histories of Technology. ISEA 94 aims at a critical investigation of

"high"and "low," a pair of opposing terms used to designate both technology and culture.

* The Next Generation-Questions on the Future of the Electronic Arts. ISEA 94 looks for the future of electronic media and its young users by focussing on questions of psychology, learning and ethics.

* Electronic Arts at the Universities-The Pedagogical Challenges of Electronic Media. The

University of Industrial Art UIAH will host this international meeting of teachers and students.

In addition, the organizers of ISEA 94 wish to promote artistic and scientific interaction between the West and the Post-Communist East. Another specific interest of ISEA 94 is to lay particular stress on electronic sound and music in their diverse forms.

Deadlines: 1 December 1993: Installation/Performance/Concert/Workshops/Network & Other Projects 1 February 1994: Papers & Panels/Electronic Theatre 1 April 1994: Poster Session

Notification: 6 weeks following deadline dates.

For full information, write to ISEA 94 Project Manager Minna Tarkka, University of Industrial Arts UlAH/Media Lab, Hmeentie 135 C, 00560 Helsinki, Finland. Tel +358-0-7563601; fax +358-0- 7563602; email: <[email protected]>.



* :t]LiF'I1 I* &ly M,v

Leonardo MusicJournal 1992

with compact disc Interaction: New Music for Gamelan

The high quality and increasing number of articles submitted to Leonardo in the field of sound and music arts has resulted in the Leonardo MusicJournal (LMJ), currently published once a year with an accompanying compact disc (CD) containing original work by contemporary artists and composers. Focused on experi- mentation in the sonic arts, the Leonardo MusicJournal features articles by composers and musicians, historical and theoretical perspectives, music in the interdisciplinary context of other art forms, and reviews, listings and news.

The Leonardo MusicJournal, Vol. 2, No. 1 (1992) delves into composition with environmental sound, the

computer as a multimedia studio, the use of musical structures in animation, instruments ranging from the exotic drums and horns of Buddhist Mongolia to the bellenorgel and the Dada Glove, roles for the computer in real-time performance and much more.

Featured authors are experimental composers, multimedia artists, ethnomusicologists, technical experts and instrument researchers and builders.

The accompanying CD with this issue is Interaction: New Musicfor Gamelan. The gamelan, a multi-timbral orchestra originating in Indonesia, offers fertile ground for interaction of many kinds. Selected pieces demonstrate the incredible range of possibilities. Works by three Indonesian composers and three Ameri- can composers, all innovators in contemporary music, utilize interactions between acoustic and electronic

technologies and between Indonesian and American musicians. Drawing on international resources, these

composers combine Javanese and Western ideas and forms to give gamelan a new character.

Interaction: New Musicfor Gamelan includes works by: A.W. Sutrisna Barbara Benary I Wayan Sadra

Larry Polansky Rahayu Supanggah Lou Harrison and is curated byJody Diamond.

This special issue was included in the 1992 subscription to Leonardo and can also be purchased separately.

To order, contact MITPressJournals, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A. Tel: 617-253-2889; Fax: 617-258-6779; E-mail: <[email protected]>.

The Leonardo MusicJournal, Vol. 3, No. 1 (1993) will be included in 1993 subscriptions to Leonardo.



____, MI

A Special Issue of Leonardo Volume 25, No. 5 (1992)

Archives of Holography This special issue of Leonardo features articles about the history and development of holography and its use as an art form from the perspective of an international array of holographers. The Archives ofHolography explores the bounds of holography and serves both as a record of its uses and as a guide to future generations of holographers.

Authors include guest editor Nancy Gorglione; Dan Schweitzer andJohn Kaufman; Paula Dawson and Rebecca

Coyle; Margaret Benyon; Yuri Denisyuk; Paul Hariharan; Dean Randazzo; Lloyd and Cecil Cross; T. Kubota and others.

This special issue was included in the 1992 subscription to Leonardo and also can be purchased separately. To order, contact

MITPressJournals, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A. Tel: 617-253-2889; Fax: 617-258-6779; E-mail: <[email protected]>



Documents

Art and Social Consciousness: Special Issue || Front Matter