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APPRAISAL THEORY OF ATTITUDE IN MICHELLE
OBAMA SPEECH TOWARDS PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES
OF THE UNITED STATES 2016
A Thesis
Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in partial to fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1)
WICAK DEWA SANGKA
1113026000037
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH
JAKARTA
2017
i
ABSTRACT
Wicak Dewa Sangka, Appraisal Theory Of Attitude In Michelle Obama Speech
Towards Presidential Candidates Of The United States 2016. Thesis. Jakarta:
English Letters Department, Letters and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic
University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah, June 2017.
This research explains the appraisal devices recognized in Michelle
Obama's speech. It identified how Michelle Obama expressed her feeling, attitude,
and judgement towards presidential candidates of the United States by applying
Martin and White Theory (2005). This research was done by breaking down the
speech into clauses and managable chunks to find out the Attitude devices in the
speech. The findings showed that there were 97 system of attitudes which consist
of 11 positive affects, 13 negative affects, 41 positive judgements, 10 negative
judgements, 15 appreciations and 7 negative apprecations. Michelle Obama gave
priorities to positive judgements in her speech because she believed that Hilarry
Clincton had capability to be the president of the United States and she also gave
negative judgments and appreciations to evaluate another candidate which is
Donald Trump. This study asserted that Michelle Obama was a good Orator with
high capability in public speaking. she gaves her attitude by mentioning the fact
and her personal experience.
Keywords: Appraisal System, Speech, Attitude, Affect, Judgement, Appreciation
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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by
another person nor material which a subtantial extent has been accepted for the
award of any othe degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher
learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text.
Jakarta, June 16th
2017
Wicak Dewa Sangka
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In The Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful
All praises to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, the Almighty, the one who
gives us everything we can't count, praise to HIM for the great life. Peace and
Salutation may be upon our beloved prophet Muhammad Shallah 'Alaihi wa
sallamwho bring us to the right path.
It is an honour to be the student of State Islamic University Syarif
Hidayatullah Jakarta. The writer learn lot of things especially English, Linguistics,
Literature about four years. The writer wants to say many thanks to his family
especially his father (Mr. Lukman) and his mother (Mrs. Tuti Rahmi) and his
beautiful sister (Putri Adelia Rahma) who have given support and kindness in his
life that will never be paid. The writer also wants to give his gratitude to Mrs. Alfi
Syahriyani. M.Hum as the thesis advisor for her guidance, time and contribution
in helping and correcting the writer in finishing the thesis, so the writer can
complete the research. May Allah bless her and her family.
In writing this, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to the
following person:
1. Prof. Dr. Syukran Kamil, M.Ag. as the Dean of Faculty of Letters and
Humanities.
2. Drs. Saefudin, M. Pd as the Head of English Letters Department.
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3. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum, as the Secretary of English Letters Department.
4. All Lectures of English Letters Department who have taught and educated the
writer during his study at faculty of Letters and Department State Islamic
University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
The other gratitude and remarks goes to the writer‟s best friend Ilham and
Safrina who always support him in all conditions through up and downs during
writing this thesis. May the happiness comes to both of them. The writer‟s
appreciations and gratitudes goes to his community called Genk UNCH who
always gives the spirit and positive vibes for him. Miss Najib, Rendy, Frensen,
Inggar, Inge, and Nandar. May Allah bless and give them healty. This is kind of
everlasting relationship and the writer will always remember all of them.
The writer also wants to say many thanks for his classmates CROWSA who
always gave him spirit in his college time. pejuang shubuh and mangats ampe
wisuda who always been there in his difficult time. May Allah bless them.
LINGUISTICS CLASS who became his family in the final semesters. Hope to see
you guys on top.
Ciputat, June, 2017
The Writer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. i
APPROVEMENT ................................................................................................... ii
LEGALIZATION .................................................................................................. iii
DECLARATION ................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...................................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... vii
LIST OF TABLE ................................................................................................... ix
LIST OF FIGURE ................................................................................................... x
LIST OF ABBREVIATION .................................................................................. xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
A. Background of Study ................................................................................... 1
B. Focus of the Study ........................................................................................ 4
C. Research Question ........................................................................................ 4
D. Objective of the Study .................................................................................. 4
E. Significance of the Study ............................................................................. 5
F. Research Methodology................................................................................. 5
1. Method of Research .................................................................................. 5
2. The Unit of Analysis ................................................................................ 5
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3. Technique of Data Collecting ................................................................... 6
4. Technique of Data Analysis ..................................................................... 6
5. Instrument of the Study ............................................................................ 7
6. Time and Place of the Study ..................................................................... 7
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ................................................... 8
A. Previous Research ........................................................................................ 8
B. Appraisal Theory .......................................................................................... 9
C. Attitude ....................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER III RESEARCH& FINDINGS ........................................................... 23
A. Data description ......................................................................................... 23
1. Appraisal System .................................................................................... 23
B. Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 23
1. Attitude ................................................................................................... 24
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................................................. 41
A. Conclusion ................................................................................................. 41
B. Suggestion .................................................................................................. 42
WORKS CITED ................................................................................................... 43
Appendixes ............................................................................................................ 45
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LIST OF TABLE
Table 2.1 Emoter and trigger in Anderson Alves (537) ........................................ 13
Table 2.2 Affect – un/happiness............................................................................ 15
Table 2.3 Affect – in/security................................................................................ 16
Table 2.4 Affect – dis/satisfaction ........................................................................ 17
Table 2.5 Judgement – social esteem .................................................................... 19
Table 2.6 Judgement – social sanction .................................................................. 19
Table 2.7 Appreciation .......................................................................................... 20
Table 3.1 Appraisal System In Corpus Data ......................................................... 23
Table 3.2 Affect in The Corpus Data .................................................................... 24
Table 3.3 Judgement In The Corpus Data ............................................................. 30
Table 3.4 Appreciation in Corpus Data ................................................................ 36
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LIST OF FIGURE
Figure 2.1 Appraisal framework ........................................................................... 11
Figure 2.2 Judgement and appreciation as institutionalised affect ....................... 12
Figure 2.3 Strategies for inscribing and invoking attitude .................................... 21
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LIST OF ABBREVIATION
+ = Positive
- = Negative
Cap = Capacity
Comp = Composition
Des = Desire
Hap = Happiness
Prop =Propiety
Norm = Normality
Sat = Satisfaction
Sec = Security
Reac = Reaction
Ten = Tenacy
Val = Valuation
Ver = Veracity
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of Study
Language in modern society can be used as sophisticated device in
maintaining respective ideologies. Walija (4) defines language as a complete
communication to convey ideas, messages, intentions and opinions to other
people. In connection with this, Ramelan (1) reveals the language is used to
communicate with others as a means to express ideas and expectations. Attitude
and ideas can be reflected when someone speaks in front of the audience.
Hendrikus (14) assess a speech as the communication in one-way because only
one person speaks and others listens. This is deeply contrast with Rachmat (78),
He argue that the speech is a face-to-face communication in two-way because the
speaker should pay attention to interlocutors even though the speaker is more
dominant in the conversation. The writer concludes speech is utterance that
correctly arranged and deliver to the audience. It is used as public speaking
activities to reassures and gives comprehension to other people.
Political figures uses speech as a means in the campaign for delivering
objectives, visions and missions, as well as the extent of giving speeches in order
to attract public attention. The ability of someone in speech can be seen from
their intelligence in arranging words, phrase, and sentence so every people who
heard the speech did not want to miss a single word that the speaker said, for
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example Ir. Sukarno, Indonesia's first president renowned as an orator for his skill
in speech.
In 2016, there are lot of speeches that attract public attention. One speech
that attracts people attention is the first lady Michelle Obama's speech in New
Harmpshire. The woman who was born in January 17, 1964 is greatly admired by
the United States citizen because of her ingenuity in speech. It is supported by an
article published on the site of okezone.com
(http://news.okezone.com/read/2016/07/26/18/1447523/hujan-pujian-untuk-pidato
-michelle-obama) which carries news of United State citizen reaction for Michelle
Obama‟s speech in the eyes of many people towards the ability of women oration
who graduated from Princeton University and Harvard Law School and have been
recognized by various parties and also made all eyes were on her. “Incredible
speech by an incredible woman. couldn't be more proud & our country has been
blessed to have her as FLOTUS (First Lady Of United States). I love you,
Michelle” Barack Obama also posted his proud to his wife in his twitter account.
In the end of Barack Obama's period as president of the United States,
Michelle Obama has her own opinion for the two candidates who will be the 58th
President of the United States. Michelle Obama's speech is worth to analyzed
because Michelle as first lady of the United States, the wife of Barrack Obama,
who would be replaced by proficient candidate in the next president. Michelle
Obama speech is considered epic because of its authenticity in delivering speech
without using text. The emotion of aspirations and opinions derived from personal
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experience with an emotional strong yet vulnerable tone, an effective blend
words without using harsh content becomes attracts people‟s attention when she
was onstage. It realize neither in the terms of context, nor for her strongly worded
endorsement of Hillary Clinton or her scathing takedown of the Democratic
nominee's "opponent".
Michelle's speech in New Harmpshire was surprising after strained situation
which Hillary was rival of Barrack Obama for the presidency in 2008. There are
various response from citizen with Michelle Obama's speech, but it depends on
how they positioning themselves which will be influenced by the orator. Appraisal
system as one of interpersonal meaning is judged to be the corner of the language
used in Michelle Obama's speech in Manchaster, New Harmpshire United States
on October 16, 2016. The speech is interesting to be analyzes because Michelle
Obama has a lot of thought and ideas in the presidential candidates of the
President United States. The writer uses Appraisal system theory to analyzes the
language use by Michelle. Appraisal system has three sub categories which is
attitude, engangement, and graduation. The motive of this study is to analyze the
attitude devices (positive / negative) Michelle Obama with the presidential
election of the United States in 2016. In addition, research on interpersonal
meaning in the Faculty of Adab and Humanities Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic
University of Jakarta still rarely to be found. Therefore, the writer is interested in
raising the topic of research Appraisal Theory Of Attitude In Michelle Obama
Speech Towards Presidential Candidates 2016. The writer establishes a system of
appraisal that initiated by Martin and White (2005) as a basic theory of research.
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B. Focus of the Study
According to the background of the study, this research is limited only in
Appraisal Theory by Martin and White especially in attitude device. The object of
the research is the speech of Michelle Obama in Manchaster, New Harmpshire
October 13rd
2016.
C. Research Question
According to the Background of the study, the writer formulates the
question of the research as:
1. What types of Attitude device are recognized in Michelle Obama's speech in
New Harmpshire?
2. How Attitude devices are realized in Michelle Obama‟s speech in New
Harmpshire?
D. Objective of the Study
Based on the question above, the writer has the Objectives of the Research
as follows:
1. To identify the types of attitudes devices recognized in Michelle Obama's
speech in New Harmpshire.
2. To explain the attitude devices realized in Michelle Obama's speech in New
Harmpshire.
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E. Significance of the Study
By analyzing Michelle Obama's speech towards the candidate in New
Harmpshire. This research is expected to give some advantages theoretically and
practically. Theoretically it expected to give some benefit for society especially
the student who will do the same research to expand the knowledge about sematic
discourse especially appraisal system. In addition, this research is practically
expected to one of useful references for the reader who want to perform a further
study especially in the use of appraisal system.
F. Research Methodology
1. Method of Research
The method of this study is descriptive qualitative. According to Afrizal
(15) Qualitative is the research method that collects and analyzes words (oral and
written) and human behavior without using numerical data. There are several
criteria in descriptive methods such as the data collecting, classifying, analyzing,
interpret, make inferences about the data without making numerical computation
Moeleong (2). The reason of using descriptive qualitative research is because this
research uses transcript data from speech which is a verbal and not nummeral
data.
2. The Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis in this research is the speech of Michelle Obama in
New Harmpshire. The data is a trancript from the speech in Hilarry Campaign
which contains Appraisal System. the source of the data is from Hillary Clincton
official account on Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ45VLgbe_E
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3. Technique of Data Collecting
Arikunto (158) said that in applying documentation method, the researcher
is looking for the data about things or variables which are in the form of notes,
transcription, book, newspaper, magazine, leafs, etc. The data of this study were
collected by using documentation method. The writer does some step to collect
the data:
1. Identifying the video of the First Lady Michelle Obama.
2. Justifying the main problem of the research by picking speech of the
presidential campaign which is assumed containing appraisal system.
3. Segmenting the data into clause (clause complexes)
4. Tabulating the data and numbering the clause.
4. Technique of Data Analysis
In this research, qualitative method is used in which it means that non-
statistical analysis is employed based on Martin and White of Appraisal Theory.
The steps of data analysis are as below:
1. Identifying the transcript by determining and selecting its types existing in
the selected sentence.
2. Interpreting the data by explaining the finding and explore more about the
meaning with appraisal theory by Martin and White (2005)
3. Concluding the result of the analysis by mentioning how Appraisal System
occur in the speech and what types of Appraisal System appear in it.
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5. Instrument of the Study
The Instrument of the research is the writer himself. The writer analyzes the
speech using Appraisal System
6. Time and Place of the Study
This research starts on November 2016, at the Department of English
Letters, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta and will be ended at
the end of April 2016.
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CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Previous Research
Martin and White (2005) stated in their book entitled “The Language of
Evaluation”. They used Appraisal to analyze a magazine entitled “Daily
Express”.This article was published on October 2001. The content of the article is
the government of the United State was ready against Afghanistan with terrorist
cases in Word Trade Attack in New York. In this research, monogloss becomes an
evaluation that often occur in the text where it represents the source of the context
of the attitude that comes from the author.
Dewi (2013) analized system in the editorial article “Start Working, Jokowi”
in the newspaperof “Jakarta Post”. The result of this research showed the types
of appraisal system that consist of eleven (42.3%) Affect Systems. One system of
Judgment (3.9%), and fourteen systems of Appreciation (53.8%). In term of
Engagement system, the researcher found two (7.1%) of Monoglossic systems in
the editorial. The author used Heteroglossic system rather than monoglossic
system in almost all part of the text in the editorial. The Heteroglossic system
found in the text consists of eleven (39.2%) systems of Dialogic contraction and
fifteen (57.7%) systems of Dialogic Expansion. The researcher found 25 systems
of Graduation which consist of 15 (60%) intensifications and 10 (40%)
quantifications. The author attitude toward Jokowi in the editorial is positive.
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Aini (2011) exposed Barack Obama‟s speech in Indonesia using
Interpersonal Meaning. The result of this analysis is Barrack Obama responsible
with every words that he said. The most found Subject in the speech is “I”. The
Finite that found on Obama's speech is Simple Present Tense where Barack
Obama giving the truth when he spoke. In conclusion, Aini added the theory of
Appraisal, she concerned to the Attitude aspects. In her research, Obama gives
positive attitude and judgment to Indonesia.
With the previous study above, the writer wants to examine more deeply
about appraisal system especially in attitudes devices in a speech Michelle Obama
in New Harmpshire in 13rd
October 2016 by using prior research and book Martin
& White (2005) The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English as a guideline
research.
B. Appraisal Theory
Language is used to express the speakers and writers opinion regarding
phenomenon. Opinion can be used as source of evaluation units (appraisal) in
language. Appraisal theory was developed through Systemic Functional
Linguistics (Halliday, 1985, 1994; Martin & Rose, 2003; Martin & White, 2005;
White, 1998), Halliday divided Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) into three
metafunction that is ideational, interpersonal and textual metafunction. Ideational
metafunction deals with what is happening, including who‟s doing what to whom,
where, when, why, and how the logical relation going-on one another.
Interpersonal meaning deals with how they interacting, the negotiating social
reaction, include the feelings they try to share. Intertextual meaning deals with the
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way ideational and interpersonal connected one another. Lock (9) explains
interpersonal meaning is the way we act to another throught language, the way we
express our judgement and attitudes about things that necessity an diserability.
Martin and White (2005) initiated appraisal theory as "Evaluative use of
language" by focusing one metafunction of language i.e, interpersonal
metafunction. Appraisal is a part of interpersonal metafunction in semantic
discourse. The ultimate goal is to analyze the depth relationship between speakers
and hearers as well as writers and readers. Martin and White (1) also stated
Appraisal theory concerns with subjective presence of writers/speakers in text as
they adopt stances towards material they present and those with whom they
communicate. It concern with the how speakers/writers approve or and
disapprove, enthuse and abhor, applaud and criticise, and with how they position
their reader/listeners.
Based on Figure 2.1 Appraisal is divided into three subsytem. “Attitude”,
“Engangement”, and “Graduation”. Attitude is the feeling reaction (affect) and
judgements of behaviour (judgements) or evaluation of things (appreciation). It is
concerned with how the speakers/writers activate positive and negative
assesments. Engangement deals with sourching attitudes and the play voices
around opinions in discourse. It concerns with the type of clause that reflects the
interest between the speakers/writers and with what they speaks according to the
interpersonal impact to the listener. Graduation attends to the graduality through
phenomena whereby feelings are amplified and categories blurred.
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Figure 2.1 Appraisal framework (Martin & White 2005)
As attitude becomes the focus of this study, here are the explanation Attitudes
of appraisal theory and three sub-categories of attitudes as follows:
C. Attitude
Attitude is the ways of feeling. Martin and White (35) remarks attitude
concern with emotional reactions, judgements of behavior and evaluation of
things. Attitude is appertaining the different option for expressing positive or
negative evaluation. Attitude is devided into three aspects i,e affect, judgment,
appreciation. From figure (2.2) it can be stated that Judgement and Appreciation is
the institutionalised feelings that take us into uncommon sense feeling and sharing
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values, besides Affect as the heart of institutionalised feelings because it is the
first step before we judge and appreciate something.
White (45)
1.1. Affect
Affectis the emotional evaluation related to the things, person, state of
affairs etc. Affect is concerned with positive or negative feelings. It is about
whether we feel happy or sad, confident or anxious, interested or bored (42).
Halliday 1994 construed affect into nominalised realisations of qualities (joy,
sadness, sorrow) and processes (grief, sobs, constriction in his trouth).
As a stated by Martin and White (46), the participant that experience the
emotion is called Emoter, and the phenomenom that is responsible for that
emotion is called Trigger. Emoter as a relational process and emotion as
participant. Trigger realized as an optional circumstances element.
Figure 2.2 Judgement and appreciation as institutionalised affect in Martin and White (45)
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Table 2.1 Emoter and trigger in Anderson Alves (537)
With Him [God] still on the people‟s side / We Have No doubts and fear
Trigger Emoter Proc.. Emotion
Martin briefly organized affect into six factors, as a refererence for
classification and as a tool for those who need something to analize of evaluation
in discourse.
The first factors, feeling are construed by the culture as positive and
negative though.
(1) a. positive affect : I am so happy
b. negative affect : I am so sad
From the example (1a). happy is feeling or showing pleasure; pleased, it is
categorized as positive feeling. Besides in the example (1b), Sad is feeling
unhappy or showing unhappiness, it is categorized as negative feeling. The
second factors, as a state in White (48), emotional are construed as the opposition
between behavioural surge (embodied in some paralinguistic or extralinguistic
manifestation) and mental process.
(2) a. behavioral surge : the girl smiled at him
b. mental process : the girl liked him
From the example (2a) smiled shows the real behavior from the girl that she
is smiling to a man, besides liked shows the emotional prosess without showing
the visual content. The third factors, emotions are also construed as reacting to a
specific stimulus or as an undirected mood.
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(3) a. reaction to other : the girl disliked him
b. undirected mood : the girl was happy
Reaction to other are feelings construed as directed at or reacting to some
specific emotional Trigger. It can be shows at the example (3a). There are the
relationship between emoter and the trigger. Besides undericted mood or as a
general ongoing mood for which one might pose the question „Why are you
feeling that way?‟ and get the answer „I got no reason‟. The fourth factors, feeling
also graded to clined scale from lowest value to highest intensity somewhere
between them.
(4) a. low : the girl liked him
b. median : the girl admired him
c. high : the girl loved him
In the example (4a), (4b), (4c), there are three words that has the same
semantically but has different degrees. Liked means find agreeable, enjoyable, or
satisfactory. It is stated by the girl that she find enjoyebale with the man. Admired
means look at (something impressive or attractive) with pleasure. Loved means
feel deep affection or sexual love for someone. It is represent her deep feeling
about the man. The fifth factors, Martin also devides feelings into realis, involve
a reaction to the present (actual) and irrealis that involves intentions with respect
to some prospective stimulus (not yet actualised) .
(5) a. realis : I'm upset by what she said.
b. irrealis : I fear what she might say
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In the example (5a) Upset means someone feel worried, unhappy or
annoyed. It is represent the actual situation that “I” dissapointed by the girl about
what he already said. Besides in the (5b), fear means bad feelings with something
bad that might happen. It is explicit statements by “I” that have bad feeling about
what will the girl say.
The final variable of the affect group emotion is devided into three section
that is un/happiness, in/security, and dis/satisfaction. As a state in example (5)
Un/happiness variable consist of the emotion that affair in heart, such as sadness,
hate, happy, adored. In/security (6) variable consist of emotion of social well-
being, such as fear, anxiety, trust. Dis/satisfication in example (7) concern with
our feelings of achievements and frustation to the activity in which we are
enganged, including as participants and spectators.
(5) Un/happiness : the girl felt sad/happy
(6) In/security : the girl felt fear/confident
(7) Dis/satisfaction : the girl felt upset/absorbed
Table 2.2 Affect – un/happiness
Un/Happiness Surge (of Behaviour) Disposition
Unhappiness
misery
antipathy
(directed feeling)
Happiness
cheer
whimper
cry
wail
rubbish
abuse
revile
chuckle
down
sad
miserable
dislike
hate
abhor
cheerfull
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affection
laugh
rejoice
shake hands
hug
embrance
buoyant
jubilant
be fond of
love
adore
Martin and White (49)
Surge refers to the nature that is shown when a feeling occurs besides
disposition refers to the nature that arises when a feeling occurs. The un/happiness
is the first emotional reaction when the first time come to mind when we think
about emotion (49). It is the mood of feeling an Emoter (happy or sad) for a
trigger by liking or disliking it. Misery deals with the feeling of sadness that come
by her themselves. There are three scalable lexis in the example (whimper; low,
cry; medium, wail ; high). Antiphaty shows the hatred feeling that directed to
somone else. Cheer and affection shows the feeling of happiness. The lexis that
reflects happy/unhappiness shown in the table 2.2.
Table 2.3 Affect – in/security
In/Security Surge of Behaviour Disposition
Insecurity
disquite
surprise
security
confidence
trust
restless
twitching
shaking
start
cry out
faint
declare
assert
proclaim
delegate
commit
entrust
uneasy
anxious
freaked out
started
jolted
staggered
together
confident
assured
comfortable with
confident in/about
trusting
Martin and White (49)
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In/security deals with our peace and anxiety to something that might
happen. Disquite deals with the feeling of anxiety. Suprise deals with the surge of
feeling unexpectedly. Confidence is the firm trust in abilities or good qualities.
Trust deals with surge of natural that araise when there were a despair.
Table 2.4 Affect – dis/satisfaction
Dis/Satisfaction Surge of Behaviour Disposition
Dissatisfaction
ennui
displeasure
satisfication
interest
pleasure
fidget
yawn
tune out
caution
scold
castigate
attentive
busy
industrious
pat on the back
compliment
reward
flat
stale
jaded
cross, bored with
angry, sick of
furious, fed up with
involved
absorbed
engrossed
satisfied, impressed
pleased, charmed
chuffed, thrilled
Martin and White (50)
Disatisfaction deals with our feeling of frustation or achievement for what
we have done whether it is accomplished or not. Ennui deals with feeling bored
or uninteresting in something. Displeasure deals with dissapointed or upset.
Interested and pleasure categorized as satisfaction from what have we
accomplished.
The following sentence is the example about how affect appears in a sentence :
7. Maybe we‟re afraid to be that vulnerable
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According to Oxford Dictionary, in the example (7) Afraid is feeling fear or
anxiety. It shows negative feelings that someone frightened, worried about
something undesirable will occur or be done. It is categorized as insecurity and
anxious.
1.2 Judgement
Judgement is the evaluation of attitudes and the way they behave, or the
characters. White (49) state judgement encompasses meanings which serve to
evaluate human behaviour positively and negatively by reference to a set of
institutionalised norms. As we can say judgement are used to show or to express
speakers‟ positions about others‟ conduct: whether he admires the behaviour or
not, appreciate or condemn. As Affect, Judgment also have evaluation positive
and negative; character that we admire and also what we are criticizing. positive
and negative is also determined by the use of language in context.
Judgement divided into social esteem and social sanction. Social esteem is
the sharing value with family, collagues friends etc that usually used in oral
culture (chat, gossip, jokes, story). social sanction is the sharing values underpin
civic duty and ususally used in edicts, rules, regulation, and laws.
In the table 2.5 Judgement of social esteem deals with „normality‟ (how
unusual someone is) „capacity‟ (how capable they are) and „tenacy‟ (how resolute
one is). Judgement of social sanction deals with „veracity‟ (how truthful someone
is) and properity (how ethical someone is).
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Table 2.5 Judgement – social esteem
Social Esteem Positive (admire) Negative (Criticise) Normality
‘how special?’
capacity
‘how capable’
tenacy
‘how dependable’
lucky, fortunate, charmed...
normal, naturalm familiar...
cool, stable, predictable....
powerful, vigorous, robust..
sound, healty, fit...
adult, mature, experienced...
plucky, brave, heroic....
cautious, wary, patient....
careful, through, meticulous..
Unlucky, hapless, star-crossed.
Odd, pecuilar, eccentric...
Erratic, unpredictable....
cross, bored with.....
angry, sick of.....
furious, fed up with....
timid, cowardly, gutless..
rash, impatient, impetuous..
hasty, capricirous, reckless...
Table 2.6 Judgement – social sanction
Social Sanction Positive (praise) Negative (condemn) Veracity [truth]
‘how honest?’
Propriety [ethics]
‘how far beyond reproach?
truthful, honest, credible..
frank, candid, direct...
dicrete, tactful.....
good, moral, ethical...
law abiding, fair, just..
sensitive, kind, caring...
dishonest, deceitful, lying...
deceptive, manipulative,
blunt, blabbermouth...
bad, immoral, evil....
corrupt, unfair, unjust...
insensitive, mean, cruel...
Martin and White (50)
The table 2.6 Judgement of social sanction deals with “veracity” (how
honest someone is) and „propriety‟ (how ethical someone is) including positive
and negative evaluations. we criticize what we admire and we praise what we
condemn.
Here are the following example of judgement:
8. She is an outstanding mother.
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The word outstanding means extraordinary, it is a positive judgement that is
related to capability (how capable somone is). It is one of judgement because it
evaluates someone behavior.
1.3 Appreciation
Appreciation is the evaluation of things of natural and phenomenom implicit
and explicitly. As presented in table 2.2. Appreciation can be devided into
reaction (do they catch our attention or not), composition (balance and
complexity), and valuation (how innovative, authentic, timely). Martin also
remarks that reaction is related to affection (emotive – „it grabs me‟, desiderative „
i want it) and composition tends to perception (our view of order), and valuation
that related to cognition (our considered opinion). Appreciation covers value
which concern aesthetics and non-aesthetic. Appreciation can be thought as the
system of human feeling towards process and products. appreciation is different
from judgement. appreciation usually evaluate natural objects, human artifacts,
human individuals (but not of human behavior). As with affect and judgement, we
can classify positive and negative evaluation of things.
Table 2.7 Appreciation
Positive Negative reaction :
impact ‘did it grab me? ’
reaction :
quality ‘did i like it?’
composition :
balance ‘did it hang
together?
arresting, captivating, enganging,
fascinating, exciting, moving
remarkable, notable, sensational...
okay, fine, good.
lovely, beautifully, splendid
appealing, enchanting, welcome
balanced, harmonious, unified,
consistent, considered, logical.
shapely, curvaceous, willowy..
dull, boring, tedious....
dry, ascetic, uninviting....
flat, predictable, monoton.
bad, yuk, nasty
plain, ugly, grostesque.
repulsive, revolting, off-
puting.....
unbalanced, discordant, irregular
contradictory, disorganised/
shapeless, amorphous, disorted.,,
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composition :
complexity ‘was it hard to
follow?’
valuation :
‘was it worth?’
simple, pure, elegant..
lucid, clear, precise...
intricate, rich, detailed, precise..
penetrating, profound, deep..
innovative, original, creative..
timely, long awaited, landmark..
ornate, extravagant, byzantine,
arcane, unclear, woolly..
plain, monolithic, simplistic.
shallow, reductive, insignificant..
derivative, conventional, prosaic,
dated, overdue, untimely..
Martin and White (56)
The example of appreciation as follows:
(9) It was skillfull innings.
In the example 9. Skilful is adjective, it means having or showing skill. It is
evaluate the words innings, it is appreciation from the person that consider
something as appreciation.
Attitudes allows us to coding more than one sub-categories. Inscribed
means the feelings that are clear enough to be seen without interpretation
(explicit). Invoked means the feelings that are result of interpretation (implicit).
Figure 2.3 Strategies for inscribing and invoking attitude Martin and White (67)
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The example of Inscribe and invoke in attitude as follows:
1. You‟re amazing!
2. I think he is not capable for that job.
In the first sentence, the word „amazing‟ is an implicite (invoked)
statements that hard someone to know the meaning. It need interpretation whether
amazing means positive or negative, it depends on the context and situation. In the
second sentence, the clause of he is not capable means that the man is not
capable and accomplished for that job. It is stated on the sentence and we clearly
understand the meaning without interpreting.
Martin and White briefly explains the strategies for inscribing and invoking
attitude (figure 2.3) The research can usefully read in top-down as a cline from
„inscribe‟ to „afford‟ according to the degree of freedom allowed the readers in
alighning with the values naturalised by the text.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH& FINDINGS
A. Data description
The data was collected from the speech of Michelle Obama in New
Harmpshire. The speech was held on 13rd October 2016. The duration of the
speech is about 28 minutes 29 seconds. The result appraisal system that consist of
attitudes, engangements and graduation are explained as follows :
1. Appraisal System
Table 3.1 Appraisal System In Corpus Data
No. Appraisal
system
Sub-System ∑ % (part)
1. Attitude Affect (+) 11 24 24,74%
(-) 13
Judgement (+) 41 51 52,57%
(-)10
Appreciation (+) 15 22 22,69%
(-)7
Total 97 100%
B. Data Analysis
First lady of The United States Michelle Obama, made a speech in the form
of statements. Through her words, The writer analyzed the appraisal system. Here
are the brief explanation about the three sub-types that concern in appraisal
system in the corpus data.
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1. Attitude
Attitude concerns with speaker‟s feeling, including emotional reactions,
judgement of behavior and evaluation of things. There are three types of attitude
found in the research i.e affect, judgement, appreciation.
1.1 Affect
The table consists of the result that writer found in Michelle Obama‟s
speech. The affect consist of positive and negative feeling of Michelle Obama that
is separated into four categories: happiness, security, desire, satisfaction.
Table 3.2 Affect in The Corpus Data
Happiness Security Desire Satisfacion ∑ Affect
(+) 1 5 2 3 11
(-) 2 12 - - 13
1.1.1 Positive Affect
Positive affect is the expression of positive feeling (happiness, securities,
satisfaction and desire) which in the data are found in Michelle Obama‟s speech
in New Harmpshire.
(3) I am so thrilled to be here with you all today in New Hampshire.
(4) This is like home to me, and this day – thank you fora beautiful fall day
(20) And I had the pleasure of spending hours talking to some of the most
amazing young women you will ever meet, young girls here in the US
and all around the world.
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(27) And I walked away feeling so inspired, just like I‟m inspired by all the
young people here – and I was so uplifted by these girls, That was
Tuesday.
(87) And let me tell you, I‟m here today because I believe with all of my
heart that Hillary Clinton will be that president
The word thrilled in datum (3) is categorized into positive affect
“satisfaction”. Satisfaction deals with our feelings of achievement in relation to
the activities in which we are enganged, including our roles both participants and
spectators (Martin and White 50). According to Oxford dictionary, The word
thrilled has meaning that somebody suddenly feeling of excitement and pleasure
or a wave or nervous tremor of emotion or sensation. That‟s how Michelle feeling
The word thrilled in datum (3) is a clause that concern how Michelle
Obama‟s feeling when she was at the podium and gave her speech to the audience
in the campaign. It is kind of positive feeling of Michelle Obama for her speech
towards the campaign before the election day. Since it holds positive feeling from
the speaker, it is grouped into positive affect.
In datum (4) home means the place where one lives permanently, especially
as a member of a family or household. It is implicit statement that Michelle used
word home and say it implicitly. Home represent the one who can stay forever in
a place, it is one of the positif feeling of Michelle obama that New Harmpshire
gave her security when Michelle Obama were there. New Harmpshire gave the
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biggest by the biggest vote for Barack Obama in 2008 . She feels the satisfaction
to be in New Harmpshire. So it grouped as positive affect.
In datum (20) pleasure means feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment.
It is categorized as noun. It shows Michelle Obama‟s feeling when she talked with
many young women in the even of Let Girls Learn. As a stated in
https://letgirlslearn.gov /about/Let Girls Learn is the foundation for recognizing
the adolescent girls in pursuing an education that launched by Barrack Obama and
Michelle Obama as the First Lady of the United States in March 2015. In 13rd
October 2016 the government of the United States held an International Day of
the Girl and Let Girls Learn. in the event, they discussed about girl‟s hopes,
dream, and their aspiration. It gives positive feeling for Michelle Obama. It is
categorized as satisfaction. They discussed about their hopes, dream, and their
aspiration. It gives positive feeling for Michelle Obama. It is categorized as
satisfaction.
In datum(27) Inspired has meaning of extraordinary quality as if arising
from some external creative impulse. It is classified into adjective. It‟s reflect
Michelle Obama‟s feeling toward young people in New Harmpshire. Michelle
Obama is very appreciated with the people in New Harmpshire because they
really support Barrack Obama in the recent election. Since it reflects positive
affect, it is categorized into satisfaction of positive affect.
Believe (87) conveys confidence, which is positive affect. It conveys
Michelle Obama‟s reliance toward Hillary Clincton to be the next president.
Michelle Obama stimulated the people to vote Hillary Clincton to be the next
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president. It is proven by her statement that she had seen the character, loyalty and
commitment of Hillary Clincton. So she trust her to be the next president.
1.1.2 Negative Affect
Negative affect react the feeling of unhappiness, insecurity, and
disatisfaction. The researcher found several negative affect of Michellle Obama.
(33) It has shaken me to my core in a way that I couldn‟t have predicted
(42) And I have to tell you that I listen to all of this and I feel it so
personally.
(49) Or when you see that guy at work that stands just a little too close,
stares a little too long, and makes you feel uncomfortable in your own
skin.
(50) It‟s that feeling of terror and violation that too many women have felt
when someone has grabbed them, or forced himself on them and
they‟ve said no but he didn‟t listen – something that we know happens
on college campuses and countless other places every single day.
(54) Maybe we‟re afraid to be that vulnerable
(74) And like us, these men are worried about the impact this election is
having on our boys who are looking for role models of what it means to
be a man.
According to oxforddictionares.com. In datum (33) shaken me to my core
is classified into insecurity. The phrase of shaken me to my core has meaning of
deeply disturbed, and extremely anxious. This clause be one of clause-comple It
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reflects Michelle Obama‟s negative feeling about the other candidate of the next
president which is implied to Donald trumph. He has bragged about sexually
assaulting women in 2005 when he was on the bus with the televison personality
Billy Bush waiting for an appearance on a tv show. Trump made a lewd
comments about women. He used vulgar slang to women‟s anatomy.
In datum (42) personally is an adverb. Personally means the personal
presence or action of the individual specified in person. Personally can be
interpreted as an action as directed against something that personal and we were
upset or offended by it. Personally hold negative feeling that categorized into
insecurity. It reflects Michelle Obama‟s feeling towards the candidate of president
that bragging assaulting women, which is Donald Trump. Donald trump has said
the worst things about women. as a state in indy100.com.
https://www.indy100.com/article/11-worst-things-donald-trump-women-grab-
international-womens-day-7352406, there are lot of story about his remarks and
attitude about women. as the example like his remarks in twitter about Arianna
Huffington. He said that Ariana Huffington is unacttractive both inside and out.
He also state that ariana's husband has a good decision for leaving her.
The other example is when Trump on the court during lawsuit. Elizabeth
Beck as a lawyer asked for a break, because she need to feed her three month old
daughter to pull out a breast pump. but Donald Trump said that she is disgusting
and walked out the room and ending the court. In the election season in 2016, he
remarks on his twitter account that Hillary Clincton is not suitable to be the
president. He stated that Hillary can not satisfy her husband, so how can she
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satisfy America. He also stated a remarks to his daughter Ivanka Trump. He joked
on natisional television that if Ivanka was not his own daughter, he would dating
her. The others remarks, when in 2005, he made a lewd conversation with Billy
Bush in Access Hollywood. He discusses his failed attempts to seduce a woman in
which he says he need some tic tacs to kissing her. We can consider with all the
cases that discribes, personaly is grouped as negative feeling of Michelle Obama
towards Donald Trump attitude to the women.
In datum (49) uncomfortable conveys painful, restless, uneasy.
uncomfortable means causing or feeling slight pain or physical discomfort. It is
categorized as an adjective. It shows Michelle Obama‟s feeling when she or many
black women are stare too long by man. This is one of the racism of Donald
Trump with black people. Donald Trump has declare that racism is evil. But the
fact in history of life, there are lot of racism that he has done for black people.
One of the example, The discrimination of the black workers in Trump's casinos,
when he and his daughter Ivanka came to casinos, all the black people should
leave the floor. He said that all black casino employees is "lazy". What was done
by Donald Trump for discrimination either women or black people makes
Michelle Obama feel uncomfortable. Since it is feeling anxiety or uncertainty, In
datum (49) categorized into insecurity of negative feeling.
In datum (50) terror and violation shows insecure feeling about something.
Terror means extremely fear and violation means the action of violating someone
or something. That word used by Michelle to show negative affect (insecurity) to
the man who assaulting women.
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In datum (54) afraid is feeling fear or anxiety; frightened. It is categorized
as adjective. It shows negative feeling (insecurity) that Michelle and the women
feeling week and fear to be mocked.
Worried in datum (74) shows the negative feeling of Barrack Obama that
categorized as insecurity. Worried is an adjective that has meaning of anxious or
troubled about actual or potential problems. The point of this datum, Michelle
Obama explains the man who refers to her husband that is Barrack Obama who
feels the same way about the result of the election. It is implied because Michelle
used men to shows her husband insecurity.
1.2 Judgement
The table consists of the result that writer found in Michelle Obama‟s
speech, Judgment consists of positive and negative feeling of Michelle Obama
that is separated into four categories: normality, capacity, veracity, properity,
tenacy. with judgement, we move into the region of meaning construing our
attitudes to people and the way they behave.
Table 3.3 Judgement In The Corpus Data
Normality Capacity Veracity Properity Tenacy ∑Judgement
(+) 7 25 7 4 2 41
(-) - 1 - 9 10
1.2.1. Positive Judgement
Positive Judgement is the attitudes to the people and the way they behave
that consist of positive evaluation which in the data are found in Michelle
Obama‟s speech in New Harmpshire.
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(1) My goodness! You guys are fired up!
(6) Let me start by thanking your fabulous governor, your next US senator,
Maggie Hassan.
(10) And your executive council and candidatefor governor, Colin Van
Ostern.
(15) I can‟t believe it‟s just a few weeks before election day, as we come
together to support the next president and vice-president of the United
States, Hillary Clinton and Tim Kaine! And New Hampshire is going
to be important, as always.
(69) And I know that my family is not unusual.
(77) So even a six-year-old knows better
(88) See, we know that Hillary is the right person for the job because
we‟ve seen her character and commitment not just in this campaign,
but over the course of her entire life.
(89) The fact is that Hillary embodies so many of the values that we try so
hard to teach our young people.
(95) And she has been successful in every role, gaining more experience
and exposure to the presidency than any candidate in our lifetime –
more than Barack, more than Bill.
(104) She is an outstanding mother.
(159) On November the 8th, we can show our children that this country is
big enough to have a place for us all – men and women, folks of every
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background and walk of life – and that each of us is a precious part of
this great American story, and we are always stronger together.
In datum (1) fired up means stimulated, energized; enthused, determined;
compare to fire up. It is classified as adjective. It indicates a positive judgement of
Michelle Obama to the people in the New Harmpshire in the beginning of her
speech. The people looks enthusiast when Michelle Obama cames to the stage. It
is categorized as propriety of positive judgement.
In datum (10) is described executive council and candidate for governor,
Colin Van Ostern which shows the importance of his position in his organisation.
executive council is the executive body of the country which advises the governor
on all the matters and provides a check on the governor‟s power. Showing
Coolin‟s position in his organisation which is the power of the governer is the
way to show how important and influential in his organisation. Moreover he was
the Democratic Nominee for Governor of New Harmpshire in 2016.
In datum (6) fabulous refers to Maggie Hassan, Maggie hassan is the next
senator for the next period of pretidential, she is very kind and have a good
relationship with Michelle Obama. Fabulous is adjective. It means extraordinary,
especially, extraordinarily large. Michelle Obama used that word to shows her
admire of positive judgement to Maggie Hassan.
In datum (27) important is an adjective. It means of great significance or
value. The positive judgement refers to the people in New Harmpshire. The
people in New Harmpshire are very welcome and friendly. The people on New
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Harmpshire are really matters in presidential election for Barrack Obama in the
past or for Hillary Clincton in this period.
In datum (69) not unusual emphasize Michelle Obama‟s family that is just
the same as the other family. There areno difference and just common. The word
unusual means remarkable or interesting because different from or better than
others, Michelle obama state with negation “not”. It is still categorized as positive
judgement of Michelle Obama for her family.
The use of the word right (88) by Michelle describes the assessment to
Hillary. Hillary is the right person. Right means there‟s nothing wrong to
someone or something. It is classified to adjective. The words right shows
Hillary‟s capability for the job as president of the United States 2016.
In datum (89) embodies, according to Oxford Dictionary means give a
tangible or visible form to (an idea, quality, or feeling). In Michelle‟s perspective,
Hillary is the one who is capable to be the president than another candidates.
Hillary embodies the values to teach young generation.
In datum (77) know means that She/he has knowledge or information
concerning to something. Michelle obama used that word to give positive
judgement to boy that know who‟s better to be the next president of the united
states.
Successful (95) means accomplishing a desired aim or result. It is classified
as adjective, it shows Michelle positive judgement to Hillary through her life.
Hillary has been a success devoted daughter, success mother, secretary in the
United State, Proffessor, Lawyer and many more. Hillary gaining succes in every
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role. Michelle compares Hillary with the statement that Hillary is just really great
more than Barrack Obama, more than Bill Gates.
In datum (104) outstanding is classified into adjective, it means
exceptionally good. The case of this point is Hillary is outstanding mother, it
means no one can be. It represents Michelle‟s positive judgement to Hillary
Clincton as good mother.
In datum (159) precious is great value; not to be wasted or treated
carelessly. It represents positive judgement from Michelle to the people in New
Harmpshire. The people of New Harmpshire is valuable for the great American
History.
1.2.3 Negative Judgement
Negative Judgement is the attitudes to the people and the way they behave
that consist of negative evaluation which in the data are found in Michelle
Obama‟s speech in New Harmpshire.
(29) The fact is that in this election, we have a candidate for president of the
United States who, over the course of his lifetime and the course of
this campaign, has said things about women that are so shocking, so
demeaning that I simply will not repeat anything here today.
(31) And I can‟t believe that I‟m saying that a candidate for president of the
United States has bragged about sexually assaulting women.
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(41) It‟s one of countless examples of how he has treated women his whole
life.
(45) It is cruel.
(46) It‟s frightening.
According to Oxford Dictionary. In datum in (29) demeaning can be stated
as causing someone to lose their dignity and the respect of others. It reflects
negative judgement of Michelle Obama to another candidate who said about
uncommon material about women.
In datum (31) bragged means boastfull manner, or say something in a
boastful manner. It is Michelle negative judgement to another candidate president
which is Donald Trump who has bragged about sexuallity assaulting women. it
represent that Donald Trump is not suitable as president for what he has done to
women.
According to Oxford Dictionary, countless (41) means there are too many
to be counted; very many. it refers to Michelle Obama‟s negative judgement about
donald trump. More than five times donald trump demeaning women. Either the
women that he had ever approached, or who had been his enemies, and even to his
own daughter. Donald Trump known for his badness in treated women.
In datum (20) cruel is adjective. It means wilfully causing pain or suffering
to others, or feeling no concern about it. It is indicate the evaluation of Michelle
Obama to Donald Trumph. It is the same with data (46) frightening is an
adjective. it means making someone afraid or anxious; terrifying. It is reflect the
negative judgement of Michelle Obama to Donald Trump as the president
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candidate of United State. It is due to what Donald Trumph did to the women and
makes every women feeling insecure.
1.3 Appreciation
The table consist of the result that writer found in Michelle Obama‟s speech,
Appreciation consist of positive and negative evaluation of Michelle Obama
through things, natural phenomena. It is separated into four categories: reaction,
composition and valuation.
Table 3.4 Appreciation in Corpus Data
Reaction Complexity Valuation ∑Appreciation
(+) 4 5 6 15
(-) 2 3 2 7
1.3.1 Positive Appreciation
With positive appreciation, we move into the positive evaluation about
things or natural phenomena which in the data are found in Michelle Obama‟s
speech in New Harmpshire.
(4) thank you for a beautiful fall day
(7) I want to thank her for that lovely introduction.
(17) This week has been particularly interesting for me personally because
it has been a week of profound contrast.
(120) Because for so long, America has been a model for countries across
the globe, pushing them to educate their girls, insisting that they give
more rights to their women.
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(128) Remember this: in 2012, women‟s votes were the difference between
Barack winning and losing in key swing states, including right here in
New Hampshire.
In datum (4) beautiful is an adjective. beautiful means Pleasing the senses
or mind aesthetically. It is Michelle Obama‟s assesment to the situation in New
Harmpshire. The season when Obama came to New Harmpshire and gave her
speech in Hillary Campaign.
In datum (7) lovely means very beautiful or attractive. it means pleasing or
appealing to the senses. Michelle Obama used that words for praising Maggie
Hassan for the introduction. Maggie Hassan is the US Senator in 2016 that
defeated Kelly Ayotte.
In datum (17) Interesting is classified to adjective, the meaning of the word
is arousing curiosity or interest that catching the attention. It is one of Michelle
positive appreciation for the situation of the election, Michelle assess the rough
week but still courious to be pass.
In datum (120) Model means a thing used as an example to follow or
imitate. It is classified as noun. It reflect Michelle appreciation for America,
because as we know America a great country. It is one of the role model country
in the world.
In datum (128) differencea point or way in which people or things are
dissimilar, there is a positive appreciation through the word difference. It is a
quantity by which amounts differ; the remainder left after subtraction of one value
from another. Here, difference is a form of praise for Michelle Obama to the
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women‟s vote in the election of Barrack Obama in the previous election. The
women‟s vote gave positive impact in the previous election.
1.3.2 Negative Appreciation
With negative appreciation, we move into the negative evaluation about
things or natural phenomena which in the data are found in Michelle Obama‟s
speech in New Harmpshire.
(43) The shameful comments about our bodies.
(36) It‟s not something we can just sweep under the rug as just another
disturbing footnote in a sad election season.
(152) There is so much at stake in this election.
The word shameful (43) is an adjective. It has meaning worthy of or
causing shame or disgrace. The comments that stated Donald Trump in his twitter
account was really disgraceful, it is about assaulting women. it is reflect Michelle
Negative appeciation with the comments of Donald Trump.
In datum (36) sad is not always negative feelings. Sad means causing or
characterized by sorrow or regret; unfortunate and regrettable. Michelle Obama
used that word for negative reaction about the election, if we ignore what Donald
Trump did, it will be sad election season for the United States in Michelle‟s point
of view.
In datum (152) stake means a strong wooden or metal post with a point at
one end, driven into the ground to support a plant, form part of a fence, mark
boundary. It is classified as noun. It is implicit negative appreciation for the
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election itself. There are lot of strong wall, strong demotivating, a lot of problems
for the election. Everyone feels strained with this election include Michelle
Obama.
In the aspect of affect, the writer found 11 affects and 13 negative affects.
Michelle expressed her positive satisfaction when she was in New Harmpshire
and gave her speech in front of the people. In the middle of her speech, she
expressed her negative feeling and that was all about insulting sexuality assaulting
women. It was because in 2005 someone recorded the conversation between
Donald Trump and televison personality Billy Bush. When they was waiting for
an appearance on a tv show, Trump made aseries of lewd comments about women
and describes his unsuccesfull efforts to pick up a married woman. In descibing
his behavior toward women, Trump describing sexual assault : kissing and
grbbing women‟s genitals. with the word "this candidate” or candidate" in her
speech, she expressed her insecurity (negative affect) to Donald Trump behavior.
In the aspect of judgement, the writer found 41 positive judgements from
Michelle Obama. She gaves positive judgements for the people in New
Harmpshire, for the governor and the candidate which is Hillary Clincton.
Michelle Obama emphasized that Hillary is the "right person" to be the president
in United State because she was succesfull in every role in her life. In contrast,
there are 10 negative judgements that present Michelle evaluation toward one of
the candidate of Michelle Obama which is Donald Trump. Eventhough Michelle
Obama did not state the name of the candidate,she was virtually implied her
negative feeling and judgement to Donald Trumph, Michelle stated her negative
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judgement to Donald Trump due to what he did to the women. he has bragged,
comments and insulting women.
In the appreciation aspect, Michelle reflected her positive appreciation to
the situation in New Harmpshire. The writer found 15 positive appreciation in
Michelle‟s speech. She also appreciated America as the role model for other
countries. but the other case, she also gave her negative appreciation to the
election in this period, the writer found 7 negative appreciation in Michelle‟s
speech. Michelle Obama think that there's lot of stake in this election.
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CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the writer can draw some conclusions as follows.
There are 176 managable chunks of Michelle Obama‟s Speech in New
Harmpshire. In the term of Attitude, Michelle Obama used three kinds of atttude
which affect, judgement, appreciation, The writer found 97 system which is
consist of 11 (11.34%) positive affects, 13 (13.40%) negative affects, 41 (42.23%)
positive judgements, 10 (10.30%) negative judgements, 15 (13.40%)
appreciations and 7 (7.20%) negative apprecations. The presententage showed the
dominates of Michelle Obama speech is judgement system.
Michelle Obama used positive and negative attitude to show herself as a
good public speaker in delivering her opinion without using text. All the utterance
came from within her thoughts and feelings about what she had feared with the
United States in the future. All that she expressed derived from the experience she
has gained, about how the leader should lead a country, she expressed all her
opinion based on the facts about both candidates. The behavioral of Hillary
Clinton and Donald Trump in the eyes of society.
The way she choosed the words show that she has a good capability in
oration. Michelle used positive judgement to show her evaluation for Hillary
Clincton to be the president of the United State in 2016. Meanwhile she showed
her negative attitude for the other candidate that she did not mention the name
which is Donald Trump.
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B. Suggestion
The writer suggests to the next researchers whoare interested in Semantic
discourse especially in Appraisal System to choose another corpus to beanalyzed.
The writer also suggests to analyze more deeply about Appraisal system
especially in the implicit statement. In addition, the next researchers could also
use other theory, such as Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) which involve social
practice to make the study more deeply.
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Functional Congress. 2006. 531-550
Arikunto, Suharsimi. Metodelogi penelitian. Yogyakarta: Bina Aksara. 2006.
Let Girls Learn. 24 March 2017. https://letgirlslearn.gov /about/
Lock, Graham. Functional English Grammar: an introduction for second
language teacher. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1966.
Hendrikus, Wuwur. Retorika. Yogyakarta: Kansius. 1991
Martin, J.R, P.R.R White. The Language of Evaluation. Harmpshire : Palgrave
Macmillan. 2005.
Martin, J.R. & Rose, David. Working with Discourse. London & New York:
Continuum. 2003.
Matthiessen, Christian. M.I.M. Halliday’s Introduction to Functional Grammar:
Fourth Edition, Canada : Routledge. 2014
Metasari, Dewi. “Appraisal System in The Jakarta Post Editorial Start Working,
Jokowi”. S1 Thesis. Dian Nuswantoro University. 2013
Moleong, Lexy, Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, Bandung: PT Remaja
Rosdakarya. 2002,
Ramelan, M. Morfologi. Yogyakarta. CV. Karyono. 1985
Rakhmat, Jalaluddin, Retorika Modern (Pendekatan Praktis). Bandung: PT
Remaja Rosdakarya
44
44
Walija. Bahasa Indonesia dalam Perbincangan. Jakarta : IKIP Muhammadiyah
Jakarta Press. 1996
White, Peter R.R. "Telling Media Tales: The News Story as Rhetoric" PhD
Thesis. University of Sydney. 1998.
White, Peter R.R Appraisal Homepage.2001. 25 January 2017.
http://www.grammatics.com/appraisal
45
Appendix 1
The Transcript of Michelle Obama's Speech Presidential Campaign in New
Harmpshire
My goodness! You guys are fired up!
Well, let me just say hello everyone. I am so thrilled to be here with you all today
in New Hampshire. This is like home to me, and this day – thank you for a
beautiful fall day. You just ordered this day up for me, didn‟t you? It‟s great to be
here.
Let me start by thanking your fabulous governor, your next US senator, Maggie
Hassan. I want to thank her for that lovely introduction. I also want to recognize
your Congresswoman Annie McKlane Kuster, who‟s a dear, dear friend. Your
soon-to-be congresswoman once again, Carol Shea Porter – all of whom have
been just terrific friends to us. And your executive council and candidate for
governor, Colin Van Ostern.
And, of course, thanks to all of you for taking the time to be here today.
Audience member: We love you!
Thanks so much. That‟s very sweet of you. I love you guys too. I can‟t believe it‟s
just a few weeks before election day, as we come together to support the next
president and vice-president of the United States, Hillary Clinton and Tim Kaine!
And New Hampshire is going to be important, as always. So I‟m going to get a
little serious here, because I think we can all agree that this has been a rough week
in an already rough election. This week has been particularly interesting for me
personally because it has been a week of profound contrast.
46
See, on Tuesday, at the White House, we celebrated the International Day of the
Girl and Let Girls Learn, and it was a wonderful celebration. It was the last event
that I‟m going to be doing as first lady for Let Girls Learn. And I had the pleasure
of spending hours talking to some of the most amazing young women you will
ever meet, young girls here in the US and all around the world. And we talked
about their hopes and their dreams. We talked about their aspirations. See,
because many of these girls have faced unthinkable obstacles just to attend school,
jeopardizing their personal safety, their freedom, risking the rejection of their
families and communities.
So I thought it would be important to remind these young women how valuable
and precious they are. I wanted them to understand that the measure of any
society is how it treats its women and girls. And I told them that they deserve to
be treated with dignity and respect, and I told them that they should disregard
anyone who demeans or devalues them, and that they should make their voices
heard in the world. And I walked away feeling so inspired, just like I‟m inspired
by all the young people here – and I was so uplifted by these girls. That was
Tuesday.
And now, here I am, out on the campaign trail in an election where we have
consistently been hearing hurtful, hateful language about women – language that
has been painful for so many of us, not just as women, but as parents trying to
protect our children and raise them to be caring, respectful adults, and as citizens
who think that our nation‟s leaders should meet basic standards of human
decency.
47
The fact is that in this election, we have a candidate for president of the United
States who, over the course of his lifetime and the course of this campaign, has
said things about women that are so shocking, so demeaning that I simply will not
repeat anything here today. And last week, we saw this candidate actually
bragging about sexually assaulting women. And I can‟t believe that I‟m saying
that a candidate for president of the United States has bragged about sexually
assaulting women.
And I have to tell you that I can‟t stop thinking about this. It has shaken me to my
core in a way that I couldn‟t have predicted. So while I‟d love nothing more than
to pretend like this isn‟t happening, and to come out here and do my normal
campaign speech, it would be dishonest and disingenuous of me to just move on
to the next thing like this was all just a bad dream.
This is not something that we can ignore. It‟s not something we can just sweep
under the rug as just another disturbing footnote in a sad election season. Because
this was not just a “lewd conversation”. This wasn‟t just locker-room banter. This
was a powerful individual speaking freely and openly about sexually predatory
behavior, and actually bragging about kissing and groping women, using language
so obscene that many of us were worried about our children hearing it when we
turn on the TV.
And to make matters worse, it now seems very clear that this isn‟t an isolated
incident. It‟s one of countless examples of how he has treated women his whole
life. And I have to tell you that I listen to all of this and I feel it so personally, and
I‟m sure that many of you do too, particularly the women. The shameful
48
comments about our bodies. The disrespect of our ambitions and intellect. The
belief that you can do anything you want to a woman.
It is cruel. It‟s frightening. And the truth is, it hurts. It hurts. It‟s like that sick,
sinking feeling you get when you‟re walking down the street minding your own
business and some guy yells out vulgar words about your body. Or when you see
that guy at work that stands just a little too close, stares a little too long, and
makes you feel uncomfortable in your own skin.
It‟s that feeling of terror and violation that too many women have felt when
someone has grabbed them, or forced himself on them and they‟ve said no but he
didn‟t listen – something that we know happens on college campuses and
countless other places every single day. It reminds us of stories we heard from our
mothers and grandmothers about how, back in their day, the boss could say and do
whatever he pleased to the women in the office, and even though they worked so
hard, jumped over every hurdle to prove themselves, it was never enough.
We thought all of that was ancient history, didn‟t we? And so many have worked
for so many years to end this kind of violence and abuse and disrespect, but here
we are in 2016 and we‟re hearing these exact same things every day on the
campaign trail. We are drowning in it. And all of us are doing what women have
always done: we‟re trying to keep our heads above water, just trying to get
through it, trying to pretend like this doesn‟t really bother us maybe because we
think that admitting how much it hurts makes us as women look weak.
Maybe we‟re afraid to be that vulnerable. Maybe we‟ve grown accustomed to
swallowing these emotions and staying quiet, because we‟ve seen that people
49
often won‟t take our word over his. Or maybe we don‟t want to believe that there
are still people out there who think so little of us as women. Too many are treating
this as just another day‟s headline, as if our outrage is overblown or unwarranted,
as if this is normal, just politics as usual.
But, New Hampshire, be clear: this is not normal. This is not politics as usual.
This is disgraceful. It is intolerable. And it doesn‟t matter what party you belong
to – Democrat, Republican, independent – no woman deserves to be treated this
way. None of us deserves this kind of abuse.
And I know it‟s a campaign, but this isn‟t about politics. It‟s about basic human
decency. It‟s about right and wrong. And we simply cannot endure this, or expose
our children to this any – not for another minute, and let alone for four years. Now
is the time for all of us to stand up and say enough is enough. This has got to stop
right now.
Because consider this: if all of this is painful to us as grown women, what do you
think this is doing to our children? What message are our little girls hearing about
who they should look like, how they should act? What lessons are they learning
about their value as professionals, as human beings, about their dreams and
aspirations? And how is this affecting men and boys in this country? Because I
can tell you that the men in my life do not talk about women like this. And I know
that my family is not unusual. And to dismiss this as everyday locker-room talk is
an insult to decent men everywhere.
The men that you and I know don‟t treat women this way. They are loving fathers
who are sickened by the thought of their daughters being exposed to this kind of
50
vicious language about women. They are husbands and brothers and sons who
don‟t tolerate women being treated and demeaned and disrespected. And like us,
these men are worried about the impact this election is having on our boys who
are looking for role models of what it means to be a man.
In fact, someone recently told me a story about their six-year-old son who one day
was watching the news – they were watching the news together. And the little
boy, out of the blue, said, “I think Hillary Clinton will be president.” And his
mom said, “Well, why do you say that?” And this little six-year-old said,
“Because the other guy called someone a piggy and,” he said, “You cannot be
president if you call someone a piggy.”
So even a six-year-old knows better. A six-year-old knows that this is not how
adults behave. This is not how decent human beings behave. And this is certainly
not how someone who wants to be president of the United States behaves.
Because let‟s be very clear: strong men – men who are truly role models – don‟t
need to put down women to make themselves feel powerful. People who are truly
strong lift others up. People who are truly powerful bring others together. And
that is what we need in our next president. We need someone who is a uniting
force in this country. We need someone who will heal the wounds that divide us,
someone who truly cares about us and our children, someone with strength and
compassion to lead this country forward.
And let me tell you, I‟m here today because I believe with all of my heart that
Hillary Clinton will be that president.
51
See, we know that Hillary is the right person for the job because we‟ve seen her
character and commitment not just in this campaign, but over the course of her
entire life. The fact is that Hillary embodies so many of the values that we try so
hard to teach our young people. We tell our young people “work hard in school,
get a good education”. We encourage them to use that education to help others –
which is exactly what Hillary did with her college and law degrees, advocating for
kids with disabilities, fighting for children‟s healthcare as first lady, affordable
childcare in the Senate.
We teach our kids the value of being a team player, which is what Hillary
exemplified when she lost the 2008 election and actually agreed to work for her
opponent as our secretary of state – earning sky-high approval ratings serving her
country once again.
We also teach our kids that you don‟t take shortcuts in life, and you strive for
meaningful success in whatever job you do. Well, Hillary has been a lawyer, a
law professor, first lady of Arkansas, first lady of the United States, a US senator,
secretary of state. And she has been successful in every role, gaining more
experience and exposure to the presidency than any candidate in our lifetime –
more than Barack, more than Bill. And, yes, she happens to be a woman.
And finally, we teach our kids that when you hit challenges in life, you don‟t give
up, you stick with it. Well, during her four years as secretary of state alone,
Hillary has faced her share of challenges. She‟s traveled to 112 countries,
negotiated a ceasefire, a peace agreement, a release of dissidents. She spent 11
hours testifying before a congressional committee. We know that when things get
52
tough, Hillary doesn‟t complain. She doesn‟t blame others. She doesn‟t abandon
ship for something easier. No, Hillary Clinton has never quit on anything in her
life.
So in Hillary, we have a candidate who has dedicated her life to public service,
someone who has waited her turn and helped out while waiting. She is an
outstanding mother. She has raised a phenomenal young woman. She is a loving,
loyal wife. She‟s a devoted daughter who cared for her mother until her final days.
And if any of us had raised a daughter like Hillary Clinton, we would be so proud.
We would be proud.
And regardless of who her opponent might be, no one could be more qualified for
this job than Hillary – no one. And in this election, if we turn away from her, if
we just stand by and allow her opponent to be elected, then what are we teaching
our children about the values they should hold, about the kind of life they should
lead? What are we saying?
In our hearts, we all know that if we let Hillary‟s opponent win this election, then
we are sending a clear message to our kids that everything they‟re seeing and
hearing is perfectly OK. We are validating it. We are endorsing it. We‟re telling
our sons that it‟s OK to humiliate women. We‟re telling our daughters that this is
how they deserve to be treated. We‟re telling all our kids that bigotry and bullying
are perfectly acceptable in the leader of their country. Is that what we want for our
children?
And remember, we won‟t just be setting a bad example for our kids, but for our
entire world. Because for so long, America has been a model for countries across
53
the globe, pushing them to educate their girls, insisting that they give more rights
to their women. But if we have a president who routinely degrades women, who
brags about sexually assaulting women, then how can we maintain our moral
authority in the world? How can we continue to be a beacon of freedom and
justice and human dignity?
Well, fortunately, New Hampshire, here‟s the beauty: we have everything we
need to stop this madness. You see, while our mothers and grandmothers were
often powerless to change their circumstances, today, we as women have all the
power we need to determine the outcome of this election.
We have knowledge. We have a voice. We have a vote. And on November the
8th, we as women, we as Americans, we as decent human beings can come
together and declare that enough is enough, and we do not tolerate this kind of
behavior in this country.
Remember this: in 2012, women‟s votes were the difference between Barack
winning and losing in key swing states, including right here in New Hampshire.
So for anyone who might be thinking that your one vote doesn‟t really matter, or
that one person can‟t really make a difference, consider this: back in 2012, Barack
won New Hampshire by about 40,000 votes, which sounds like a lot. But when
you break that number down, the difference between winning and losing this state
was only 66 votes per precinct. Just take that in. If 66 people in each precinct had
gone the other way, Barack would have lost.
So each of you right here today could help swing an entire precinct and win this
election for Hillary just by getting yourselves, your families, and your friends and
54
neighbors out to vote. You can do it right here. But you could also help swing an
entire precinct for Hillary‟s opponent with a protest vote or by staying home out
of frustration.
Because here‟s the truth: either Hillary Clinton or her opponent will be elected
president this year. And if you vote for someone other than Hillary, or if you don‟t
vote at all, then you are helping to elect her opponent. And just think about how
you will feel if that happens. Imagine waking up on November the 9th and
looking into the eyes of your daughter or son, or looking into your own eyes as
you stare into the mirror. Imagine how you‟ll feel if you stayed home, or if you
didn‟t do everything possible to elect Hillary.
We simply cannot let that happen. We cannot allow ourselves to be so disgusted
that we just shut off the TV and walk away. And we can‟t just sit around wringing
our hands. Now, we need to recover from our shock and depression and do what
women have always done in this country. We need you to roll up your sleeves.
We need to get to work. Because remember this: When they go low, we go …
Audience: High!
Yes, we do.
And voting ourselves is a great start, but we also have to step up and start
organizing. So we need you to make calls and knock on doors and get folks to the
polls on election day and sign up to volunteer with one of the Hillary campaign
folks who are here today just waiting for you to step up.
55
And, young people and not-so-young people, get on social media. Share your own
story of why this election matters, why it should matter for all people of
conscience in this country. There is so much at stake in this election.
See, the choice you make November 8 could determine whether we have a
president who treats people with respect – or not. A president who will fight for
kids, for good schools, for good jobs for our families – or not. A president who
thinks that women deserve the right to make our own choices about our bodies
and our health – or not. That‟s just a little bit of what‟s at stake.
So we cannot afford to be tired or turned off. And we cannot afford to stay home
on election day. Because on November the 8th, we have the power to show our
children that America‟s greatness comes from recognizing the innate dignity and
worth of all our people. On November the 8th, we can show our children that this
country is big enough to have a place for us all – men and women, folks of every
background and walk of life – and that each of us is a precious part of this great
American story, and we are always stronger together.
On November 8, we can show our children that here in America, we reject hatred
and fear and in difficult times, we don‟t discard our highest ideals. No, we rise up
to meet them. We rise up to perfect our union. We rise up to defend our blessings
of liberty. We rise up to embody the values of equality and opportunity and
sacrifice that have always made this country the greatest nation on Earth.
That is who we are. And don‟t ever let anyone tell you differently. Hope is
important. Hope is important for our young people. And we deserve a president
56
who can see those truths in us – a president who can bring us together and bring
out the very best in us. Hillary Clinton will be that president.
So for the next 26 days, we need to do everything we can to help her and Tim
Kaine win this election. I know I‟m going to be doing it. Are you with me? Are
you all with me? You ready to roll up your sleeves? Get to work knocking on
doors? All right, let‟s get to work. Thank you all. God bless.
57
APPENDIX 2
The Attitude Found in Michelle Obama Speech
In the managable chunks of Attitude, there are 24 affect (bold style) consist of 11
positive affect and 13 negative affect. 51 judgement (underline style) consist of 41
positive judgement and 10 negative judgement. 22 appreciation (Italic Style)
consist of 15 positive appreciation and 7 negative appreciation.
No Expression
Kinds of Attitudes
Affect
(Bold)
Judgement
(U)
Appreciation
(I)
1. My goodness! You guys are fired
up! - +norm -
2. Well, let me just say hello
everyone - - -
3. I am so thrilled to be here with
you all today in New Hampshire. +sat - -
4.
This is like home to me,
„and this day – thank you fora
beautiful fall day
+sec - +reac
5.
You just ordered this day up for
me, didn‟t you? It‟s great to be
here.
- - +comp
6.
Let me start by thanking your
fabulous governor, your next US
senator, Maggie Hassan.
- +cap -
7. I want to thank her for that lovely
introduction. - - +reac
8.
I also want to recognize your
Congresswoman Annie McKlane
Kuster, who‟s a dear, dear friend.
- - -
9.
Your soon-to-be congresswoman
once again, Carol Shea Porter – all
of whom have been just terrific
friends to us.
- - -
10. And your executive council and
candidate for governor, Colin Van
Ostern.
- +cap -
11. And, of course, thanks to all of you
for taking the time to be here
today.
- +ver -
12. Thanks so much. - +ver -
58
13. That‟s very sweet of you. - +ver -
14. I love you guys too. +hap -
15. I can‟t believe it‟s just a few weeks
before election day, as we come
together to support the next
president and vice-president of the
United States, Hillary Clinton and
Tim Kaine! And New Hampshire
is going to be important, as always.
-
+norm
+val
16. So I‟m going to get a little serious
here, because I think we can all
agree that this has been a rough
week in an already rough election.
- - +comp
17. This week has been particularly
interesting for me personally
because it has been a week of
profound contrast.
- - +reac
18. See, on Tuesday, at the White
House, we celebrated the
International Day of the Girl and
Let Girls Learn, and it was a
wonderful celebration.
- - +reac
19. It was the last event that I‟m going
to be doing as first lady for Let
Girls Learn.
- - -
20. And I had the pleasure of
spending hours talking to some of
the most amazing young women
you will ever meet, young girls
here in the US and all around the
world.
+sat +cap -
21. And we talked about their hopes
and their dreams. - - -
22. We talked about their aspirations. - - -
23. See, because many of these girls
have faced unthinkable obstacles
just to attend school, jeopardizing
their personal safety, their
freedom, risking the rejection of
their families and communities.
- - -
24. So I thought it would be important
to remind these young women how
valuable and precious they are.
- +norm -
25. I wanted them to understand that
the measure of any society is how +des +norm -
59
it treats its women and girls.
26. And I told them that they deserve
to be treated with dignity and
respect, and I told them that they
should disregard anyone who
demeans or devalues them, and
that they should make their voices
heard in the world.
+des +cap -
27. And I walked away feeling so
inspired, just like I‟m inspired by
all the young people here – and I
was so uplifted by these girls, That
was Tuesday.
+sat -
28. And now, here I am, out on the
campaign trail in an election where
we have consistently been hearing
hurtful, hateful language about
women – language that has been
painful for so many of us, not just
as women, but as parents trying to
protect our children and raise them
to be caring, respectful adults, and
as citizens who think that our
nation‟s leaders should meet basic
standards of human decency.
- -cap -
29. The fact is that in this election, we
have a candidate for president of
the United States who, over the
course of his lifetime and the
course of this campaign, has said
things about women that are so
shocking, so demeaning that I
simply will not repeat anything
here today.
- -prop -
30. And last week, we saw this
candidate actually bragging about
sexually assaulting women.
- -prop -
31. And I can‟t believe that I‟m saying
that a candidate for president of the
United States has bragged about
sexually assaulting women.
- -prop -
32. And I have to tell you that I can’t
stop thinking about this. -sec - -
33. It has shaken me to my core in a
way that I couldn‟t have predicted. -sec - -
34. So while I‟d love nothing more -sec - -
60
than to pretend like this isn‟t
happening, and to come out here
and do my normal campaign
speech, it would be dishonest and
disingenuous of me to just move
on to the next thing like this was
all just a bad dream.
35. This is not something that we can
ignore. - - -comp
36. It‟s not something we can just
sweep under the rug as just another
disturbing footnote in a sad
election season.
- - -comp
37. Because this was not just a “lewd
conversation”. - - -
38. This wasn‟t just locker-room
banter. - - -
39. This was a powerful individual
speaking freely and openly about
sexually predatory behavior, and
actually bragging about kissing and
groping women, using language so
obscene that many of us were
worried about our children hearing
it when we turn on the TV.
- -prop -
40. And to make matters worse, it now
seems very clear that this isn‟t an
isolated incident.
- - -
41. It‟s one of countless examples of
how he has treated women his
whole life.
- -prop -
42. And I have to tell you that I listen
to all of this and I feel it so
personally, and I‟m sure that many
of you do too, particularly the
women.
-sec - -
43. The shameful comments about our
bodies. - - -val
44. The disrespect of our ambitions
and intellect. - - -val
45. It is cruel. - -prop -
46. It‟s frightening. - -prop -
47. And the truth is, it hurts. - -prop -
48. It‟s like that sick, sinking feeling
you get when you‟re walking down -sec - -
61
the street minding your own
business and some guy yells out
vulgar words about your body.
49. Or when you see that guy at work
that stands just a little too close,
stares a little too long, and makes
you feel uncomfortable in your
own skin.
-sec - -
50. It‟s that feeling of terror and
violation that too many women
have felt when someone has
grabbed them, or forced himself on
them and they‟ve said no but he
didn‟t listen – something that we
know happens on college
campuses and countless other
places every single day.
-sec - -
51. It reminds us of stories we heard
from our mothers and
grandmothers about -how, back in
their day, the boss could say and
do whatever he pleased to the
women in the office, and even
though they worked so hard,
jumped over every hurdle to prove
themselves, it was never enough.
- - -
52. We thought all of that was ancient
history, didn‟t we? And so many
have worked for so many years to
end this kind of violence and abuse
and disrespect, but here we are in
2016 and we‟re hearing these exact
same things every day on the
campaign trail
- - -
53. We are drowning in it. And all of
us are doing what women have
always done: we‟re trying to keep
our heads above water, just trying
to get through it, trying to pretend
like this doesn‟t really bother us
maybe because we think that
admitting how much it hurts makes
us as women look weak.
- - -
54. Maybe we‟re afraid to be that
vulnerable. -sec - -
55. Maybe we‟ve grown accustomed - - -
62
to swallowing these emotions and
staying quiet, because we‟ve seen
that people often won‟t take our
word over his.
56. Or maybe we don‟t want to believe
that there are still people out there
who think so little of us as women.
- - -
57. Too many are treating this as just
another day‟s headline, as if our
outrage is overblown or
unwarranted, as if this is normal,
just politics as usual.
- - -
58. This is disgraceful. - - -reac
59. It is intolerable. - - -comp
60. And it doesn‟t matter what party
you belong to – Democrat,
Republican, independent – no
woman deserves to be treated this
way.
- +cap -
61. None of us deserves this kind of
abuse. - +cap -
62. And I know it‟s a campaign, but
this isn‟t about politics. - - -
63. It‟s about basic human decency. - - -
64. It‟s about right and wrong. - - -
65. And we simply cannot endure
this, or expose our children to this
any – not for another minute, and
let alone for four years.
-sec - -
66. Now is the time for all of us to
stand up and say enough is enough. - - -
67. This has got to stop right now. - - -
68. Because consider this: if all of this
is painful to us as grown women,
what do you think this is doing to
our children? What message are
our little girls hearing about who
they should look like, how they
should act? What lessons are they
learning about their value as
professionals, as human beings,
about their dreams and aspirations?
And how is this affecting men and
boys in this country? Because I can
tell you that the men in my life do
- +prop
-
63
not talk about women like this..
69. And I know that my family is not
unusual - +norm -
70. And to dismiss this as everyday
locker-room talk is an insult to
decent men everywhere.
- - -
71. The men that you and I know don‟t
treat women this way. - +prop -
72. They are lovingfathers who are
sickened by the thought of their
daughters being exposed to this
kind of vicious language about
women.
- +ten -
73. They are husbands and brothers
and sons who don‟t tolerate women
being treated and demeaned and
disrespected.
- +prop -
74. And like us, these men are worried
about the impact this election is
having on our boys who are
looking for role models of what it
means to be a man.
-sec - -
75. In fact, someone recently told me a
story about their six-year-old son
who one day was watching the
news – they were watching the
news together.
- - -
76. And the little boy, out of the blue,
said, “I think Hillary Clinton will
be president.” And his mom said,
“Well, why do you say that?” And
this little six-year-old said,
“Because the other guy called
someone a piggy and,” he said,
“You cannot be president if you
call someone a piggy.”
- - -
77. So even a six-year-old knows
better - +ver -
78. A six-year-old knows that this is
not how adults behave. - - -
79. This is not how decent human
beings behave. - - -
80. And this is certainly not how
someone who wants to be president
of the United States behaves.
- - -
81. Because let‟s be very clear: strong - +cap -
64
men – men who are truly role
models – don‟t need to put down
women to make themselves feel
powerful.
82. People who are truly strong lift
others up. - - -
83. People who are truly powerful
bring others together. - - -
84. And that is what we need in our
next president. - - -
85. We need someone who is a uniting
force in this country. - - -
86. We need someone who will heal
the wounds that divide us,
someone who truly cares about us
and our children, someone with
strength and compassion to lead
this country forward.
- - -
87. And let me tell you, I‟m here today
because I believe with all of my
heart that Hillary Clinton will be
that president.
+sec - -
88. See, we know that Hillary is the
right person for the job because
we‟ve seen her character and
commitment not just in this
campaign, but over the course of
her entire life.
- +cap -
89. The fact is that Hillary embodies
so many of the values that we try
so hard to teach our young people.
- +cap -
90. We tell our young people “work
hard in school, get a good
education”.
- - -
91. We encourage them to use that
education to help others – which is
exactly what Hillary did with her
college and law degrees,
advocating for kids with
disabilities, fighting for children‟s
healthcare as first lady, affordable
childcare in the Senate.
- +cap -
92. We teach our kids the value of
being a team player, which is what
Hillary exemplified when she lost
the 2008 election and actually
- +cap -
65
agreed to work for her opponent as
our secretary of state – earning
sky-high approval -ratings serving
her country once again
93. We also teach our kids that you
don‟t take shortcuts in life, and you
strive for meaningful success in
whatever job you do.
- - -
94. Well, Hillary has been a lawyer, a
law professor, first lady of
Arkansas, first lady of the United
States, a US senator, secretary of
state.
- +cap -
95. And she has been successful in
every role, gaining more
experience and exposure to the
presidency than any candidate in
our lifetime – more than Barack,
more than Bill.
- +cap -
96. And, yes, she happens to be a
woman. - +norm -
97. And finally, we teach our kids that
when you hit challenges in life,
you don‟t give up, you stick with
it. Well, during her four years as
secretary of state alone, Hillary has
faced her share of challenges.
- +cap -
98. She‟s traveled to 112 countries,
negotiated a ceasefire, a peace
agreement, a release of dissidents.
She spent 11 hours testifying
before a congressional committee.
- +cap -
99. We know that when things get
tough, Hillary doesn‟t complain. - +cap -
100. She doesn‟t blame others. - +cap -
101. She doesn‟t abandon ship for
something easier. - +cap -
102. No, Hillary Clinton has never quit
on anything in her life. - +cap -
103. So in Hillary, we have a candidate
who has dedicated her life to
public service, someone who has
waited her turn and helped out
while waiting.
- +cap -
104. She is an outstanding mother. - +norm -
66
105. She has raised a phenomenal
young woman. - +cap -
106. She is a loving, loyal wife. - +cap -
107. She‟s a devoted daughter who
cared for her mother until her final
days.
- +prop -
108. And if any of us had raised a
daughter like Hillary Clinton, we
would be so proud.
- +cap -
109. We would be proud. - +cap -
110. And regardless of who her
opponent might be, no one could
be more qualified for this job than
Hillary – no one.
- +ten -
111. And in this election, if we turn
away from her, if we just stand by
and allow her opponent to be
elected, then what are we teaching
our children about the values they
should hold, about the kind of life
they should lead? What are we
saying?
- - -
112. In our hearts, we all know that if
we let Hillary‟s opponent win this
election, then we are sending a
clear message to our kids that
everything they‟re seeing and
hearing is perfectly OK.
- - -
113. We are validating it. - - -
114. We are endorsing it. - - -
115. We‟re telling our sons that it‟s OK
to humiliate women. - - -
116. We‟re telling our daughters that
this is how they deserve to be
treated.
- - -
117. We‟re telling all our kids that
bigotry and bullying are perfectly
acceptable in the leader of their
country.
- - -
118. Is that what we want for our
children? - - -
119. And remember, we won‟t just be
setting a bad example for our kids,
but for our entire world.
- - -reac
120. Because for so long, America has - - +comp
67
been a model for countries across
the globe, pushing them to educate
their girls, insisting that they give
more rights to their women.
121. But if we have a president who
routinely degrades women, who
brags about sexually assaulting
women, then how can we maintain
our moral authority in the world?
How can we continue to be a
beacon of freedom and justice and
human dignity?
- -prop -
122. Well, fortunately, New Hampshire,
here‟s the beauty: we have
everything we need to stop this
madness.
- - -
123. You see, while our mothers and
grandmothers were often powerless
to change their circumstances,
today, we as women have all the
power we need to determine the
outcome of this election.
- - -
124. We have knowledge. - - -
125. We have a voice. - - -
126. We have a vote. - - -
127. And on November the 8th, we as
women, we as Americans, we as
decent human beings can come
together and declare that enough is
enough, and we do not tolerate
this kind of behavior in this
country.
+sec - -
128. Remember this: in 2012, women‟s
votes were the difference between
Barack winning and losing in key
swing states, including right here
in New Hampshire.
- - +val
129. So for anyone who might be
thinking that your one vote doesn‟t
really matter, or that one person
can‟t really make a difference,
consider this: back in 2012, Barack
won New Hampshire by about
40,000 votes, which sounds like a
lot.
- - +val
130. But when you break that number - - -
68
down, the difference between
winning and losing this state was
only 66 votes per precinct.
131. Just take that in If 66 people in
each precinct had gone the other
way, Barack would have lost.
- - -
132. So each of you right here today
could help swing an entire precinct
and win this election for Hillary
just by getting yourselves, your
families, and your friends and
neighbors out to vote.
- - -
133. You can do it right here. - - -
134. But you could also help swing an
entire precinct for Hillary‟s
opponent with a protest vote or by
staying home out of frustration.
-hap - -
135. Because here‟s the truth: either
Hillary Clinton or her opponent
will be elected president this year.
- - -
136. And if you vote for someone other
than Hillary, or if you don‟t vote at
all, then you are helping to elect
her opponent.
- - -
137. And just think about how you will
feel if that happens. - - -
138. Imagine waking up on November
the 9th and looking into the eyes of
your daughter or son, or looking
into your own eyes as you stare
into the mirror.
- - -
139. Imagine how you‟ll feel if you
stayed home, or if you didn‟t do
everything possible to elect
Hillary.
- - -
140. We simply cannot let that happen. -sec - -
141. We cannot allow ourselves to be so
disgusted that we just shut off the
TV and walk away.
-sec - -
142. And we can‟t just sit around
wringing our hands. - - -
143. Now, we need to recover from our
shock and depression and do what
women have always done in this
country.
+sec - -
69
144. We need you to roll up your
sleeves. - - -
145. We need to get to work. - - -
146. Because remember this: When they
go low, we go … - - -
147. Yes, we do. - - -
148. And voting ourselves is a great
start, but we also have to step up
and start organizing.
- - +comp
149. So we need you to make calls and
knock on doors and get folks to the
polls on election day and sign up to
volunteer with one of the Hillary
campaign folks who are here today
just waiting for you to step up.
- - -
150. And, young people and not-so-
young people, get on social media. - - -
151. Share your own story of why this
election matters, why it should
matter for all people of conscience
in this country.
- - -
152. There is so much at stake in this
election. - - +comp
153. See, the choice you make
November 8 could determine
whether we have a president who
treats people with respect – or not.
- - -
154. A president who will fight for kids,
for good schools, for good jobs for
our families – or not.
- - -
155. A president who thinks that women
deserve the right to make our own
choices about our bodies and our
health – or not. That‟s just a little
bit of what‟s at stake.
- - -
156. So we cannot afford to be tired or
turned off. - - -
157. And we cannot afford to stay home
on election day. - - -
158. Because on November the 8th, we
have the power to show our
children that America‟s greatness
comes from recognizing the innate
dignity and worth of all our people.
- - -
159. On November the 8th, we can - +ver -
70
show our children that this country
is big enough to have a place for us
all – men and women, folks of
every background and walk of life
– and that each of us is a precious
part of this great American story,
and we are always stronger
together
160. On November 8, we can show our
children that here in America, we
reject hatred and fear and in
difficult times, we don‟t discard
our highest ideals.
- - -
161. No, we rise up to meet them. - - -
162. We rise up to perfect our union. - - -
163. We rise up to defend our blessings
of liberty. - - -
164. We rise up to embody the values of
equality and opportunity and
sacrifice that have always made
this country the greatest nation on
Earth.
- - -
165. That is who we are. - - -
166. And don‟t ever let anyone tell you
differently. - - -
167. Hope is important. - - -
168. Hope is important for our young
people. - - -
169. And we deserve a president who
can see those truths in us – a
president who can bring us
together and bring out the very best
in us.
- - -
170. Hillary Clinton will be that
president. +sec - -
171. So for the next 26 days, we need to
do everything we can to help her
and Tim Kaine win this election.
- - -
172. I know I‟m going to be doing it. - - -
173. Are you with me? Are you all with
me? You ready to roll up your
sleeves? Get to work knocking on
doors?
- - -
174. All right, let‟s get to work - - -
175. Thank you all. - +ver -
71
176. God bless. - +ver -
TOTAL 24 51 21
