12Data analysis is the process of systematically searching and arranging the interview transcripts, feld notes, and other materials that you accumulate to increase your own understanding of them and to enable you to present what you have discovered to others.Analysis involves working with data, organizing them, breaking them into manageable units, synthesizing them, searching for patterns, discovering what is important and what is to be learned, and deciding what you will tell others.(Bogdan & Biklen, 1992)3Data analysis is the process of bringing order, structure, and meaning to the mass of collected data.t is a messy, ambiguous, time!consuming, creative, and fascinating process.t does not proceed in a linear fashion" it is not neat.#ualitative data analysis is a search for general statements about relationships among categories of data" it builds grounded theory.(Marshall & Rossman, 1995) 4$hat is at issue is the best means to %make sense& of the data in ways that will facilitate the continuing unfolding of the in'uiry, and, second, leads to a ma(imal understanding of the phenomena being studied.(Lincoln & G!a, 19"5)5Selecting DataReading DataPresenting DataImproving data and drawing conclusionsCollecting DataFurther research activities#R$%&% '('L)%)% *'+'#R$%&% '('L)%)% *'+'('l,rich,er, #osch, & %omekh, 1993)- .Langkah 1(Reading data)Meneliti data-data yang diperolehi untuk mengingat kembali peristiwa & pengalaman yang berkaitan.Langkah 2(Seleting data)Menapis untuk memilih !akta yang penting.Menghimpun data mengikut kategori " riteria.Mempermudahkan maklumat yang kompleks.Langkah #($resenting data)Merumuskan data yang terpilih dalam bentuk yang mudah dipersembahkan% misalnya garis kasar atau gra&k.Langkah '((nterpreting data & drawing onlusions)Men)alinkan perhubungan antara data.Merangkakan model"teori untuk men)elaskan situasi./'nalisis 0ola'nalisis kandngan 'nalisis is'nalisis dilema'nalisis 0erkara 1ang ,idak didga"Meneli,i da,a 1ang di0erolehi (con,oh2 ,ranskri0 rakaman adio sesi 0enga3aran & 0em!ela3aran) dan menggariskan4menandakan 0erkara50erkara 1ang diangga0 0en,ing !erh!ng dengan 0ersoalan ka3ian-Mer3k !alik 0erkara50erkara 1ang di,andakan dan menen,kan ka,egori 1ang sesai (con,oh2 #en1oalan Gr, #3ian dll)-Mela!elkan !ahagian5!ahagian da,a dengan (ama 6a,egori a,a %ingka,an46odn1a (7on,oh2 #8 !agi #en1oalan, #9 !agi #3ian ds!) dignakan, 0as,ikan koding 1ang le!ih de,ail dignakan agar 0nca da,a !erkenaan da0a, dikenal 0as,i-9%e,elah mengenal 0as,i ser,a mem!a, 0engekodan 0erkara50erkara 0en,ing, 0en1elidik mem!a, analisis !er0andkan ke0ada soalan5soalan !erik,2'0akah 0ola 1ang da0a, diliha,:'0akah kesigni;kan 0ola ini:'0akah kesan 0ola 0erlakan ,erse!,:%e3ah manakah 0ola ser,a kesan dari0adan1a serasi4se0adan dengan hasra, gr:%ekiran1a kesan 0ola !erkenaan memang se0adan dengan hasra, gr, a0akah ,eori 1ang da0a, dirmskan:1