Alat - Alat Optik Fisika

7/17/2019 Alat - Alat Optik Fisika

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ANGGOTA KELOMPOK 4

1. RIA NOVITA SARI 14010644001

2. LULUK ROBIATUL A 14010644003

3. MELANIA DIAN P 14010644008

4. IBRAHIM AMIN M 14010644010

KELAS A-2014



1. PENGERTIANAlat !t"# a$ala% alat

!&'(&l"%ata' )a'*+"a,a"# ala)"a% )a*!*'*ata' )a'*+"a. a'(

t&/)a+*# alat !t"#*ata' $"a'ta/a'a

#aa)ata, #a)&/a, l*!ata* !&)&+a/ )"#/+#!,t&/!'(, OHP, !/&#t/,

$a' !&/"+#!.



2. Maa) )aa) alat!t"#

A. Mata $a'Kaa)ata

B. Ka)&/a

. L*!

D. M"#/+#!

E. T&/!'(

5. OHPG.P/&#t/

H. P&/"+#!



A. MATA DANKAAMATA

Ba("a' Ba("a' Mata



Daa A#)$a+"Mata

Daa a#)$a+" $aa +*a"7 a$ala%#&)a)!*a' tt +"l"a/ *'t*# )&'&al#a'

&)*'(7 ata* )&)"!"%#a' #&&)*'(a'l&'+a )ata a'( $"+&+*a"#a' $&'(a' $&#at

ata* a*%'a a/a# &'$a a'( $"l"%at.



D*a Bata+ Daa A#)$a+"

• Titik dekat mata (punctum proximum) a$ala% a/a# &'$a t&/$&#at $" $&!a' )ataa'( )a+"% $a!at $"l"%at $&'(a' &la+. U't*#)ata '/)al &)&t/!"7 t"t"# $&#at'a &/a/a#10) +9$ 20) *'t*# a'a#-a'a#7 $a' &/a/a#20) +9$ 30) *'t*# $&:a+a7. T"t"# $&#at$"+&*t *(a a/a# aa '/)al.

• Titik jauh mata (punctum remotum) a$ala% a/a# &'$a t&/a*% $" $&!a' )ata a'( )a+"%$a!at $"l"%at $&'(a' &la+. U't*# )ata '/)alt"t"# a*%'a a$ala% ;ta# t&/%"'((a<.



aat Mata $a'Kaa)ata

Cacat mata a"t* &/#*/a'('a $aa

a#)$a+" )ata +&+&/a'($a!at )&'&a#a'

&/#*/a'('a #&)a)!*a')ata *'t*# )&l"%at &'$a!a$a a/a# t&/t&'t* $&'(a'

&la+. aat )ata a'($"+&a#a' &/#*/a'('a

$aa a#)$a+", a'ta/a la"'

/a*' a*%, /a*' $&#at $a'/a*' $&#at $a' a*%. S&la"'t"(a &'"+ "t*, )a+"% a$a &'"+aat )ata la"' a'( $"+&*t

astigmatisma.

Kacamata &/=*'(+")&)a't* !&'$&/"ta

aat )ata a(a/aa'(a' &'$a a'(

$"a)at" t&!at !a$a/&t"'a. Kaa)ata t"$a#$a!at )&'&)*%#a'

aat )ata. U#*/a' a'($"&/"#a' !a$a #aa)ata

a$ala% #&#*ata' l&'+a

a'( $"(*'a#a'.



RABUN >AUH MIOPI7

RABUN DEKAT HIPERMETROPI7

MATA TUA PRESBIOPI7

ASTIGMATISMA MATA SILINDRIS7

B&/#*/a'('a $aa a#)$a+" )ata $a!at)&'&a#a' aat )ata +&a(a" &/"#*t



RABUN >AUHMIOPI7

)ata t"$a# $a!at)&l"%at &'$a-&'$a a*% $&'(a' &la+,$"+&*t *(a )ata

!&/!&'(l"%ata' $&#att&/a'( $&#at9)ata$&#at7. Mata )"!")&l"%at &'$a a*%aa'(a' at*% $"

$&!a' /&t"'a, #a/&'al&'+a )ata t&/"a+at&al. Mata )"!"$"tl'( $&'(a'

#aa)ata &/l&'+a&#*'( '&(at"=7.



K&#*ata' ata* $aa l&'+a a'( $"!&/l*#a'/a*' a*% +&+*a" $&'(a' /*)*+ &/"#*t

K&t&/a'a(a' PM? $aa l&'+a *'t*# )"!" $ala) +at*a'

$"!t/"PR ? !*'t*) /&)'t*) t"t"# a*% )ata7

$ala) +at*a' )



RABUN DEKATHIPERMETROPI7

t"$a# $a!at )&l"%at &la+ &'$a $&#at,$"+&*t *(a )ata!&/!&'(l"%ata' a*%t&/a'( a*%9)ata

a*%7. Ra*' $&#at)&)!*'a" t"t"#$&#at a'( l&"% a*%

$a/"!a$a a/a# aa'/)al. Ra*' a*%$"tl'( $&'(a'#aa)ata &/l&'+a

&)*'( !+"t"=7.



Kekuatan atau daya lensa yang

diperlukan rabun dekat sesuai

dengan rumus berikut:

Keterangan:

= daya lensa untuk

hipermetropi dalam satuan

dioptri

PP = punctum proximum (titikdekat mata) dalam satuan cm

S =jarak benda didepan

kacamata

A!a"la a/a# &'$a st"$a# $"+&*t#a',)a#a '"la" + $"a)"l$a/" t"t"# $&#at )ata

'/)al a"t* 2@ ),+&%"'((a $" !&/l&%/*)*+



MATA TUAPRESBIOPI7 T"$a# $a!at )&l"%at

$&'(a' &la+ &'$a-&'$a a'( +a'(at a*%$a' &'$a-&'$a !a$a

a/a# aa '/)al,$"+&a#a' $aa

a#)$a+" t&la%&/#*/a'( a#"at la'*t*+"a t*a7. Pa$a )ata

t*a t"t"# $&#at $a' t"t"#

a*% #&$*a'a t&la%&/(&+&/. Mata t*a

$"ata+" ata* $"tl'($&'(a' )&'((*'a#a'

#aa)ata &/l&'+a/a'(#a! &)*'( $a'

/'&a )a a a



ASTIGMATISMA MATASILINDRIS7

/'&a )a a a&/&'t*# +=&/"#"/"+a' la7,)&la"'#a' l&"%

)&l&'(#*'( !a$a +at*"$a'( $a/" !a$a"$a'( la"''a.A#"at'a &'$a a'(

&/*!a t"t"# $"=#*+#a'+&a(a" (a/"+. Mataa+t"()at"+)a *(a)&)=#*+#a' +"'a/-

+"'a/ !a$a "$a'(&/t"#al l&"% !&'$&#$a/" +"'a/-+"'a/ !a$a"$a'(

%/"+'tal.A+t"()at"+



B. KAMERA

Ka)&/a $a' )ata)&)"l"#" #&+a)aa'$ala) %al $"a(/a)!&)&'t*#a'aa'(a'.Baa'(a' a'(

$"&'t*# l&'+a#a)&/a $"at*%#a'!a$a Cl) +&a#a' -a#a' /&t"'a7 a'(

t&/l&ta# $" a'ta/a 5,$a' 25. Baa'(a'a'( $"%a+"l#a'a$ala% 'ata,

t&/al"#, $"!&/#&"l.



BAGIAN-BAGIANKAMERA

LENSAEMBUNG

DIA5RAGMA

APERTURESHUTTER

PELAT5ILM



. LUP ATAU KAAPEMBESAR

L*! #aa !&)&+a/7a$ala% l&'+a &)*'(

a'( $"!a#a" *'t*#)&l"%at &'$a-&'$a

#&"l a(a/ ta)!a# l&"%&+a/ $a' &la+. O/a'(

a'( )&l"%at &'$a$&'(a' )&'((*'a#a' l*!

a#a' )&)!*'a" +*$*t!&'(l"%ata' +*$*t

a'(*l&/7 a'( l&"% &+a/$a/"!a$a /a'( a'(

)&l"%at $&'(a' )ata

2 Mata &/a#)$a+"



1. Mata tak berakomodasi

K&*'t*'(a'a a$ala% *'t*#!&'(a)ata' la)a )atat"$a# &!at l&la%, +&$a'(#a'#&l&)a%a''a $a/" +&("!&/&+a/a' &/#*/a'(. S"=at

aa'(a' a'( $"%a+"l#a')aa, t&(a# $a' $"!&/&+a/.P&/&+a/a' a'(*l&/ a'($"$a!at#a' a$ala%

M = PP!

K&t&/a'(a' M ? !&/&+a/a' l*!PP? t"t"# $&#at )ata

= ? a/a# t"t"# =#*+ l&'+a

a/a )&)a#a"l*!

2. Mata &/a#)$a+"

K&l&)a%a''a *'t*#!&'(a)ata' la)a )ata

&!at l&la%, +&$a'(#a'#&*'t*'(a''a $a/" +&("!&/&+a/a' &/ta)a%.S"=at aa'(a' a'(

$"%a+"l#a' )aa, t&(a# $a'$"!&/&+a/.P&/&+a/a' a'(*l&/ a'($"$a!at#a' a$ala%

M = PP! " 1

K&t&/a'(a' M ? !&/&+a/a' l*!

PP? t"t"# $&#at )ata= ? a/a# t"t"# =#*+ l&'+a



2. Mata &/a#)$a+"K&l&)a%a''a *'t*# !&'(a)ata' la)a

)ata &!at l&la%, +&$a'(#a'#&*'t*'(a''a $a/" +&(" !&/&+a/a'

&/ta)a%. S"=at aa'(a' a'( $"%a+"l#a')aa, t&(a# $a' $"!&/&+a/.

P&/&+a/a' a'(*l&/ a'( $"$a!at#a'a$ala%

M = PP! " 1K&t&/a'(a'

M ? !&/&+a/a' l*!PP? t"t"# $&#at )ata= ? a/a# t"t"# =#*+ l&'+a



D. MIKROSKOP P&'((*'aa')"#/+#! *'t*#

)&'(a)at" &'$a-&'$a #&"l a$aata+'a. >"#a #"ta)&'((*'a#a' l*!

a'( &/a/a#=#*+ #&"l *'t*#)&'$a!at#a'!&/&+a/a' a'(

l&"% &+a/,aa'(a' a'($"!&/l&% t"$a#+&)!*/'a.

D K



Da+a/ K&/aM"#/+#!

O&# ata* &'$a a'($"a)at" %a/*+ $"l&ta##a' $"a'ta/a 5 $a' 25,+&%"'((a l&'+a &#t"=)&)&'t*# aa'(a' 'ata,t&/al"# $a' $"!&/&+a/.

Baa'(a' a'( $"&'t*#l&'+a &#t"= )&/*!a#a'&'$a a(" l&'+a #*l&/.L&'+a #*l&/ &/!&/a' +&!&/t"

l*! a'( $a!at $"at*/9$"(&+&/-(&+&/ +&%"'((a )ata $a!at)&'(a)at" $&'(a' a/a&/a#)$a+" ata* t"$a#&/a#)$a+".

a/a

)&'(%"t*'($aa a#)$a+"$a' t"$a#

a#)$a+")&lal*"1.P&)&+a/a'2.Pa'a'(

)"#/+#!

a Pengamatan dengan a &ntuk mata



a. Pengamatan denganakomodasi maksimumP&/&+a/a' a'( $"!&/l&%a$ala% )&/*!a#a' !&/&+a/a'l&% l&'+a &#t"= $a' l&'+a

#*l&/ a"t*

M = Mob# x Mok M = ($i$o) x (PP! oku%er "

1)

b. Pengamatan denganmata tidak berakomodasiU't*# !&'(a)ata' $&'(a')ata t"$a# &/a#)$a+",)a#a aa'(a' a'( $"&'t*#l&% l&'+a #*l&/ %a/*+ &/a$a

!a$a t"t"# a*% )ata.P&/&+a/a' a'( $"!&/l&%a$ala% )&/*!a#a' !&/&+a/a'l&% l&'+a &#t"= $a' l&'+a#*l&/ a"t*

M = Mob# x Mok M = ($i$o) x (PP! oku%er)

a. &ntuk mataberakomodasi

d = $i (ob) " $o (ok)

K&t&/a'(a' $ ? !a'a'( )"#/+#!S" 7 ? a/a# aa'(a' l&'+a&#t"= S #7 ? a/a# &'$a l&'+a#*l&/

b. &ntuk mata tidakberakomodasi

d = $i (ob) " ! (ok)

K&t&/a'(a' $ ? !a'a'( )"#/+#!S" 7 ? a/a# aa'(a' l&'+a&#t"= = #7 ? a/a# =#*+ l&'+a#*l&/



TEROPONG

TEROPONG

BINTANG

TEROPONG

BINOKULERTEROPO

NGPRISMA7

TEROPONG BUMI

TEROPON

GPANGGU

NG



TEROPONG BINTANG

• T&/!'( "'ta'( t&/)a+*# t&/!'( "a+, $"+&*t *(a t&/!'(a+t/')", $"(*'a#a' *'t*# )&'(a)at" &'$a-&'$a la'("t$&'(a' )&)!&/(*'a#a' $*a l&'+a &)*'( 9 !+"t"=. B&'$a a'($"a)at" t&/l&ta# a*% ta# t&/%"'((a, +&%"'((a aa'(a' at*% !a$a=#*+

TEROPONG BUMI

• P/"'+"! $a/" t&/!'( "'" +a)a $&'(a' t&/!'( "'ta'(,!&/&$aa''a t&/l&ta# !a$a aa'(a' t&/a#%"/'a a"t* t&(a#7.U't*# "t* %a/*+ $"!a+a'( l&'+a !&)al"#.

TEROPONG PRISMA

• T&/!'( !/"+)a t&/$"/" ata+ $*a !a+a'( l&'+a &)*'( $a' $*a!a+a'( !/"+)a #aa +"#*-+"#* +a)a#a#". S&!a+a'( !/"+)a a'($"l&ta##a' &/%a$a!a', &/=*'(+" *'t*# )&)&l##a' a/a%a%aa $a' )&)al"##a' aa'(a'.

TEROPONG

PANGGUNG

• T&/!'( !a'((*'( )&)!*'a" l&'+a &)*'(9 !+"t"= &#t"=7$a' l&'+a &#*'(9 '&(at"= #*l&/7, l&'+a &#*'( $"(*'a#a' a(a/aa'(a' a'( t&/&'t*# t&(a#.



a'( $"(*'a#a' *'t*#



5. OHP

a'( $"(*'a#a' *'t*#)&)!/$*#+" ata*)&)!/&#+"#a' (a)a/ata* "+*al a'( a$a $"

$ala) t/a'+!a/a'+" $"ata+!&/)*#aa' #aa a'(a!a"la la)!* OHP$"'ala#a' )a#at/a'+!a/a'+" t&/+&*t a#a't&/!/&#+"#a'. K&)a)!*a'l&'+a a'( a$a $"$ala) OHP)&)*'(#"'#a' !a't*la'(a)a/ ata* t*l"+a' )&'a$"

l&"% &+a/ $a/" a+l"'a $a'ta)!"l $&'(a' a%aa a'(&)&/la'(.OHP &/(*'a *'t*#

)&)!/&#+"#a' t/a'+!a/a'#&a a/a% la a/ $&' a' %a+"l



G.

PROEKTORP/&#t/ a$ala%!&/a'(#at a'(

)&'("'t&(/a+"#a'+*)&/ a%aa,

+"+t&) !t"#,&l&#t/'"# $a'

$"+!la $&'(a't**a' *'t*#)&)!/&#+"#a'

(a)a/ ata* "$&#& $"'$"'( ata*

laa/.



• P&/"+#! a$ala% alat !t"#a'( &/=*'(+" *'t*#

)&'(a)at" &'$a $ala) a/a# a*% ata* &/a$a$ala) +*$*t t&/t&'t*.P&/"+#! $"(*'a#a' !a$ata'# $a' #a!al +&la). Pa/a

navigator #a!al $" #a!al+&la) )&)a'=aat#a'!&/"+#! *'t*# )&'(a)at"(&/a#-(&/"# a'( t&/a$" $"!&/)*#aa' la*t.

H. PERISKOP



Terima Kasih



P&/ta'aa'

1. A* !&/&$aa' )ata &/a#)$a+" $a't"$a# &/a#)$a+"

2. N"'a !a$a aat )ata )"!". A!a#a%!&/&$aa' $aa l"%at $"!&'(a/*%" !&/&$aa'

$aa a#)$a+"3. Ia'a )a#+*$ $a/" /a*' a*% $a' /a*'

$&#at

4. R"+# +&!t a!a"la a$a +al. Ba(a")a'a a/a

)&)&$a#a' +al "t* )&'((*'a#a' /*)*+)ata ta# a#)$a+" $a' a#)a+" !a$a)"#/+#!

@. I'ta' a(a")a'a a/a #&/a !&/"+#!

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Alat - Alat Optik Fisika