Aim: Aim: How did England “tighten the How did England “tighten the grip” on her colonies? grip” on her colonies?

What economic theory did What economic theory did England practice?England practice?

MERCANTILISMMERCANTILISM colonies exist to benefit the mother colonies exist to benefit the mother

countrycountry tight gov’t control over industry tight gov’t control over industry

and tradeand trade exportexport more than you more than you import import more wealth = more powermore wealth = more power

How did England control How did England control trade?trade?

Navigation ActsNavigation Acts

What were the Navigation What were the Navigation Acts?Acts?

1650s- laws - regulated trade 1650s- laws - regulated trade between England & coloniesbetween England & colonies

Certain products - cotton & tobacco Certain products - cotton & tobacco could only be shipped to Eng.could only be shipped to Eng.

Only Only colonial or English shipscolonial or English ships

could carry goods to & from the could carry goods to & from the

coloniescolonies

What were the triangular trade What were the triangular trade routes?routes?

How did England control her How did England control her colonies?colonies?

Navigation ActsNavigation Acts regulated trade regulated trade between England between England and her colonies and her colonies to ensure that to ensure that only England only England could benefit could benefit from colonial from colonial tradetrade

How do people feel about the How do people feel about the Navigation Acts?Navigation Acts?

English – “We love it!” – The colonies exist for English – “We love it!” – The colonies exist for our benefit; they should keep sending us all of our benefit; they should keep sending us all of those raw materials so we can turn them into those raw materials so we can turn them into products that we can sell back to the products that we can sell back to the colonists!colonists!

Colonists – “We don’t like it!” - I want to sell Colonists – “We don’t like it!” - I want to sell my goods to anyone who will pay the highest my goods to anyone who will pay the highest price! How dare mother England control me! price! How dare mother England control me! Let’s ignore these restrictive impediments on Let’s ignore these restrictive impediments on our wealth! How can we do that????our wealth! How can we do that????

What are the benefits for What are the benefits for both?both?

EnglandEngland

Raw materials for Raw materials for industryindustry

Jobs for English Jobs for English workersworkers

Strengthens the Strengthens the EconomyEconomy

ColoniesColonies

New England grows New England grows as a shipbuilding as a shipbuilding

centercenter

No competition for No competition for markets markets

““No worries – we No worries – we know that England know that England will buy our goods”will buy our goods”

Long term effects?Long term effects? How do you think the How do you think the

Navigation Acts will affect Navigation Acts will affect relations between “mother relations between “mother England” and her thirteen England” and her thirteen ”children?””children?”

Government In the ColoniesGovernment In the Colonies

How are the colonies How are the colonies governed?governed?

Governors Governors enforced laws, enforced laws, direct affairs of the colonydirect affairs of the colony

Legislature- people who make lawsLegislature- people who make laws Upper house – men picked by governorUpper house – men picked by governor Lower house- elected assembliesLower house- elected assemblies

Voting- only white male property Voting- only white male property owners over 21- Christianowners over 21- Christian

What English practices are What English practices are being used in the colonies?being used in the colonies?

Magna Carta-Magna Carta- 1215- limited power 1215- limited power of the monarchof the monarch

The English Bill of Rights- 1689The English Bill of Rights- 1689

Parliament-Parliament- law making body in England law making body in England

The English Bill of RightsThe English Bill of Rights

Elections to Parliament must be free.Elections to Parliament must be free. If accused of a crime, you have a right to a If accused of a crime, you have a right to a

trial by jury.trial by jury. People have a right to carry weapons.People have a right to carry weapons. The King or Queen cannot collect taxes The King or Queen cannot collect taxes

without the consent of Parliament.without the consent of Parliament. There can be no army in times of peace.There can be no army in times of peace. There can be no excessive bail or cruel There can be no excessive bail or cruel

punishment for those convicted of crimespunishment for those convicted of crimes

The Trial of John Peter The Trial of John Peter ZengerZenger

Arrested for publishing an article that Arrested for publishing an article that criticized the governor of NYcriticized the governor of NY

Accused of libelAccused of libel Libel- publishing a statement that may Libel- publishing a statement that may

unjustly damage someone’s reputationunjustly damage someone’s reputation He was acquittedHe was acquitted Led to freedom of the press in the Led to freedom of the press in the

coloniescolonies

Where Would You Want to Where Would You Want to Live: England or the colonies?Live: England or the colonies?

Colonists had more freedomColonists had more freedom Women – more rights in colonies but Women – more rights in colonies but

less than white menless than white men African Americans- indentured African Americans- indentured

servants-Native Americans- almost no servants-Native Americans- almost no rightsrights