Ahmed Saleem - How to Rule India_ Papers Related to British Policies Towards Punjab-Punjab Adbi Markaz (1978)

7/30/2019 Ahmed Saleem - How to Rule India_ Papers Related to British Policies Towards Punjab-Punjab Adbi Markaz (1978)

1/82

HOW T RULE INDIAPa ad ad Pa

dd

A A

Pu nja Adbi Markaz Lahore


2/82

A Rights ReervedFrst Edon Mach 9Publhed byPunjb db MarkzSnam budng, Mozang Chn;Lhore.

rted atPast Pntng Wor bbot od hore

re Export e $ 00


3/82

lEDICA'ION

SHHNZ FS


4/82


5/82

Co nte nts

dtor's Note

The oc ron btwen h Bsh Govrt

nd the Pnb St d Cef's ty stood n

9

Andrew D'Cruz

Notes on the stte of or reons wth the Pb ndthe best ode of ther stteent

Col. Sir C M Wae CB 9

Wht re e to do th te Pnb

Mjr Geeral Jhn Brggs 0

o to e Ind : Two docets on the CS ndthe Potcs of dnstron

Geral Brrrer 9

x


6/82


7/82

NQTE; auj9 C01ehesive hisory of t Punjb

t wt>ujai U uj\b, time bck, lanhd projec puctin n eih v try uab So nly umvolume I- Sultante Perio.-is knwnto have ben publshed

under this.project Te th unversies i East Punjab

andseverl oher pvestuonto inthat State, are eported

tobfverishlydirectng their 1tenion to the ubjct, but aveo f,odu y worh i the d. Idvi-dul schlars in Laoe hv ome wrk o the subje to rcredi, o: ud te or ofh lan ts s t te at .ya; a u fbooks o t uj lf by t arly Engis or y ead amntors have also been re-publishd nPkitan, butthse to, for e of 1UC. sjetvty and iperastc tiltin em, cou be of ittle vale anobecie ad fiea t ad pop as anient as ns M as dy eole the

It c we as wy t has e c a santy the d a me ds hat in a umte s exnanf ppy sae No serious wk th hitr ujb g ts dci and pbes mve. , ay b t f e entoed i he resnt x ( e or r ng t p cq-n c ns o st tu o ! o th sto t n eol - t prem a h smblig blockbg cy sourcml wich i: the -q10 o


8/82

}isr s no merly the numio ut ta prec of ev

t o wg o an

htr s bl, v dsible. Hiory which does prsn livig mnigl acoutof He Jfe ad deeds

f a poe wud no dse to b ermed htoy. But bee

p is o pct o g n ad eufh to be the hig n a1 t. b apra m apec.F( n s on h so oe unab ha tfre, need r i teavbilty of so.urce materil I th

pst sa, oital ocial or enmcal d iscussion any perid of the soy ofthe .unjab s possbl- sce o

c rmaion n a prcua eo o ay ped o or.story exissfor hitorians to study and aprecite.

A poited o bove pt of que a ume Englishwork oufu , le by teeed writs, oc an polic agents0f Frn Etablishmcn Ls pa of the

od

ae laeysarted

omg u o t

epr a

o

nd apen to as muc on sply in tboho o L ad ohr Pun.jab tee bee sicace of t tgt- o 'eng upoo reeac e pe od o t oy o ou ad, ost denely s o secoday ue. Matea of pmy ev o hse sue emas e r r vi do nto ligt y al. s o um mpoace h th

ei of ry vaue i uncoveed d ae avalabe theesh H he mpl ic d ai o r e rues

Ce f pp e beeed to lyi buunder files of ecords oftheBrish Etablhment, wich uld,01 ne hand r light e poltical nd siocnt d details, n th oter han

d,

as to ow cld-bloey the foreignls xploi u tir advanage. t is ssniala tQj rcod or he British Rule uted and thoroughlycxaind before th p f the Punjab hsty dscusedn ppl pe


9/82

We have pu togehr in this mall pubcaion for the bneiof ur scla

w w lght

day

for t it time the Aprl atobe iue tbianual jr a - Past d , he ua (vey al ete b ree w hoa o Eaa D. Gd Sg Faa gh ofuca g.

I o op tha i laon wl suce emoliha

.a h oo C ish cnques o the

a an e been aan o he an, a wae nsve a1 ojee hning gg ao eoaneo o o o ho i noate

tha o-ae ven when h one ha ne ong een aae

we ave cntinued ook o a ae h i ol aeae neene a l Ths a oe wa ta oo ne e tu o h e

owa he cao e n oeToa hweve we ae an eenenen ae an ee

eoe r aoa o i n ga ad o own hto naa o o b me oe ss a lan ha bn te ae o

Janu

Jmhoo, Sn


10/82


11/82

Th Poltcal Relations between the . Brtsh Gvenment

anJthe-PanjaStates anJChefsasthey stood n 1843

by

Ldaa

[aa]

R DRZ

Sirdar Nha ngh

is oin i e res o =ei roee Ses is eune our gurnee roe u e ie onieres in Vde Apndx eeen win is own urisiion Fue SngNo. 8 e e wo rs e ue ou roeio vige o e Pn n 8 is rnsSue ossesios were seiey e Ruee Sig wo oever y rwrs gre s in gee o Fue Sgs eo son e u Sing

ue Sng ie o 2s o Ooe 8 ws s:eee yis ees son e esn ie i ing

Te ossessio o is iein re iesse ong eee es n orise e isin ong e rii

wo o wi orer on e ive Sue n 82 e oo Doie 42 n ges yiee venue o ue200 84 e ino w ese ou s o Ruees wig one Sow o reveue o ues 00 ( ui yi e Rue o Lore vies is quo o ose s e ise o isig o egenies or o 800 rses

Cud om The Poliical Reaions E#itig he Bfiih Govemead Nav Sae d Che

, ub

e o h veme

he N. Pve a

hey d 80, Rev ad oied o 83, wt a Apd compdom Ocal Dcuments, by Andr D'uz Atnt ct o th Govn-nt of Inda Hom Datnt and pubd y Authory o Govnmentntd b JL Kng t t Fogn Dn Ps ounc Houtt Cacutta


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14/

,FerzpreThis is of th potctd Seik Stats whic , n failur of

hirs lapsd to th Bitis Govrmnt Goorbuksh Sig ws thfund of Ferozpor, and on his dath ws succ. by his sonDhunna Sigh- whp again ws succeeed by is wiow, SirneeLuchmu Koou, who ws the last holder of the Chieftainship.

Feroepoe fro ts stuan on e e ft bnk of the utejoers an avantaeous poston for a fonter Mtary post an owngto ou ate operatons n the North West has eege fro a vagetow to popuous pace

Bugh ng n ater hm sons Chuna Sng an hunaSng avance cas to s Estate but ugha Sng's faterDoonah Sngh the utene-brother of Dhunna Sgh ha possessonson the norhen bak of the Sute assgne to h by hs fatheoorbuksh Sngh who e over Ferozepore an ts ns as asepaate otent an stnct tenure to hs secon son DhunnaSngh; thus onsttutng ccong o the Hnoo aw an Sek custos wo separate an stnct aes

Accorngy on un ngs eath ths separate potonof Goorbuksh Snghs acuston cae into the possesson of hs weLuchun Koou an 5m her _ecease apse to our Govenent Thenephews of Dhuna Sngh ha ceary no ght to ths seprateprperty f the unce an the ca was accorngy saoed

I.

,

Lodfanah, ' .1

Ths Pergunnh foe pat of the possesson of the JheenRaah. It was acque b the escenants of Guput Snh prorto our treaty wth the rue of the Punab n 1809, n a suchlapse to the Brtsh Governent on the eath of Raah Sungut Snhensons aggeatng Rupees 137808 per annu ae payabl e fo the revenues of ths Pergunnah to certan Fakeers Sahs &co who they ha been rante for fe by the Jheen Cheftas

Siml

. We obtained this terioy by - exchange from the Rajh ofPateeaa ad the Rana of Keyonthu. It now forms almost entielthe locatins of Eqopean visior t he hills. Te et rven

evedfrom this Prgunnahn 1836 wasRpees 607.


13/82

Sk S TheCs-ulej ikh Stes cameqnder Bris ,Proecion by

r

Teaywih e Rler o e Pnja a e2S April 809.de Appnd W a no sicon bwn Cs woNo. 45-6 anceors we the orgnal ulivors or zameendar of ony n o dscnd fom inad fo no o S Bo cass camnr Bris proion ndr prcsysam circancs, a sam im, an on a fooingAl w poisd o l xcp om paymn of ib and Bsh g o pcniay bn o s connxion wi h is

ii o h ns o an which ay ca o i the Supreme Power. - ,h pincip o pocings o o Gon as o pac

s iois in sa coniion i spc aca caion as a ic xis a pi a aaaaRn ngs a inasion io ning ino an inigaiono ano igs an n s pinipa sic Baic anaw so Bnga Sing o o y b

s by Ch o ao n a o o Sab ingh pnipa Cainhips aongs Si Poc Sa

a Paaa h a Naba Ci i ' Aga odngs xcpion o a o y o a a haan,

Febu 83 a o Pooan b an c os ad 6 s Sa o cson a n in by p Gonn a oo

T sa o o n o nas a acoingo inoo a an o h xcon o as a hicsion o as i accong o ag o Bhaanan ooan is ay b ga o a win aaiono a a a Singh o o Si ai Ocony in 8 as ao a concaion on sbc o aa Bag ing o n o apan Bi a 25n 88

n bsnc q i a o h oy o o pincipa Ciain ca posssion o h on o ac iancya o cn o nx o in

iois acqi by cnan on po o ya 8 o ii


14/82

6met e oeo gre o e e by e oe Puab ubequey o e reay o 8, ar o eer o ge

Sueo o Cea y aoo a eer bee raeby e S ee 82 uwar a o ere ao er grao e o o e a a o awa a er e uour w o er e e owg year, ae o e

Br Gere e aer e ooa o e Sraree obaa o ao er wa reee, a er erory eeaeo e B Goere

Ca urray, orery Sueree o e errore reag e u a uo o e S, rere a erue o ueo ae roery e S Sa are arbrarya are aouy oe aorae o e uage, e rea reue o er ae or raabe o ruee aoau ye o a xe a eag re

e u o e aboe oerao a ee uae byubee exeree a a be eere, a w exe

o o e our ra Cea e aboe e rue oueo a oer S Cea or ae w be o aerae u o e ay a ae y e e eeerourabe a o be gue our e eby

Feae ueo a aog oe o eere a o e eeoy o urawa or Caur aee or o arrag e ega o oy w eraw bu w rae eae a org o u oeo egey ee o uee o

e are aroy era a o ue o broer, a bee ou aueor arre er erawe ow o e a oeor

u a by o ea e erre a e ueo wou oae ae ae ou u ereoy e a wowou ae ueee e reue o e ae er a eyo e a ae o owoo

e S a Proe errory ue o e baaPoa gey wa ae, 8 o oroe , aeyeg a reeue o uee 22,4 a o e aabe o urg47 ore auae a e ra o oe ore o a reeue ore


15/82

17

s Sas pay no i an o no inf ina aais og inn o gnay bia posso b sia W as Paao an Conoi obn by sas apss p o os o 24 Fs 834 yi a n o ps 2 33 s oos

Baspo 33 0 g 2248 33 aa Booa 8 aa 8 4 oa 332 4 o 3 8 baa 2

ps 2 3 4 3

Bsis abo sa sa opsg as an sia in 3 o yi a n o ps sa o Biis Gonn in 38 on a o a

Dio o Siay Sing i a is W aso

sss ois o anss wi aps o s in 83 on a o a a i o oigina popio Bag ingis sa s sia in 832 o yi Rps 3

Pgnna o iana aps o iis Gon in83 on a o aa Sng Sing o n an sao i o a pnny of Bso oain an sia o i o ps 7, a ya a iis ansa on a o Sia a ing n 8 an in 83 Sa of y yig a n o nay 7 as o Rps p

ann sa o o Gonn s Co Oonbaa Gz ang an

ins Si Po aossessos of Maaaja a aa Rni Sin o Lao anRanjit Sgh South of is denents held crain Cis-Sulj posses

Ste sions i by y of 8, so R o Pnab as si o ainaining

o oops a nssay fo inna is o ioy sia on ban o R S an ngagno o oi o s any noans on possssions o igs


16/82

C in icniy Th anna rn o CSaor riory wa ia n 82 a nn ah oR

U a o baa a o on a o Sirarn ia

oowr on o anary 82 wa wo o Goorb Sng o an brr a ing a ro anha aconry ow rar an aor an acqir by onq rn Si rc Trrory ro yn an Gornor oSirhin n 7

h acqion wa arc ino on baa2n a noa; bba an 5 o an rbaong h brhrn an oowr o onqor a owingbnc o baa wic bca a o Goorb Sng an Sg

O a o bror a oonwr wiow o r wa acowg a ha o conracy xag an con rnr r y noinay o a r ony oow nr h r oon or no ario an 38 ar

irar Hrna Sng wa a ar o h baa oan; orion (Bbba) a o Gornn on awic oo ac on o ar 88, whn o

a n oonwr wa ro or by a nry aowanco R 200 r ann an a onr o R grano Hrna Sng or

baa wa c a aqar o or oiica gnbca o cnra aon w c o S Sawic ca nr or ron wh by ry o 2o ri 80 w rric Rr o nab o rig bano Rir

i oiia gncy a ao nr conr a w Hi Sawc conqr ro Goora in 85 c rriori o Na or Soor or or Baor Hino orr an an a ra


17/82

dRja rroop

O e ea o e a Ce Raa Sugu Sg we oooeo o erriory a a ae; u ueuey ae oerrdr dd e greaer or o o a coaera er e reeFrr 83 Ce, aa Suroo Sg

Our reue aour o Suroo Sg core e raco coury gery wc eg o rea graaer GuuSg, e ouer o i eai A oeo grae yaaraa uee Sg, ueuey o e reay o 80 wereeoe o H Hge ooaa a a e oer oeoe y e ece o Guu Sg, eeey o ee o a Ce, a eore e year 8 ae o e Broee

e wo, a Sooa Sg, a cou o Suoo Sg, aaceer ca o e Cea, u wa egae

e ee reee wa eae 82 a Ruee 2280a e eory wa ae o coa 28 age u 82 eeeue a eae a a e oeo e uae our ee ar o e oece S eroe, e rcaoro a caa are o y aau eu yu, ae Bue rc w eceo o a a o o o eorwe wc oune e a o e aeeaa Sae

Kyl

Bii v 83

e Baee o yu were ecee ro ega roJyueer wo oe ceure ago e e ooeea ayo , eee a a oa ee e uge cory Boocouee wa er eae reece ey are

ecee ro e ae o a e eea, e , e aeo aeeaa ee Naa a e araeea S eyueuey ecae eeear a Cowree, ayg reeue oe aoaa Goere u oe o e, ag e S

Gooroo e ua rece ro ar ao o


18/82

2

a c as ain v sc s is sgu as c b n a ca g c

Ba bus Sg c cs Ku a nu us a u Cas was anca a ag Ss w ug ga b Mans a Sin 7 sc a c 766 an as sc s sn a Ds Sg ssss ms u m Mamns abu asg n s c sc 7 aas suc b Ba a Sg cam u Bs cn 0 n n ws succ b Ba O Sn as a n Mac avg ssu

Ts s s wg Pguas N ab Ona sssss a GsBc ng u Cais

Ba yng a sa aua v a Rus

uaaaus 2 u

Fu Pwa

cq b scnas fbus Sg a0 sia a vu u as Rus auAm

Su gmbaa

uaSsuBauaaaMaau GaauBua uaFua

Gjua Gan u b Ru Pujab subsqun 0ma w u success a u

ca S Canss Baan a Pa


19/82

b on ad No 1 adjudgd Gooab ig

Baof Anu, o d uvng on o Ba

Buaa ng o a young on o Ba ooka ng o ao young ono ogna oun o CanpBa Goobuk n. ooab ng a a young bo b"na un ng

gunna a No 2 a ca Bnn n gunna Gooua No a o u o Pna ca o B Gonn a no

acaby nqu yu n acng un o o a ab oonwu o o caCan Ba Ooy ng an o a oou oonu do cau n nucon aac an a co aa accoan B Oc o a u o a oon o a Pgunna an a no un a cou o a a o o u a acua an a B conuc a of a ca o

conan an uo o B Gonn u ua no bn nuc no h a o an a c aon a u o nu anagn

h na Can o Pooan b o oaaa Naba a n c o ang cya o ouc conuacy o u Ran an n o ananng Can n n bbu on bang ou o nucon an on a anng a

nnon non y ao goo a n qung ann anng ng o un nco o yu o wa a n 8 a

up 0000 an cag a Ru 50000 ang surplus revenue of Rupes ,40,000, but te charges in this newlyaqud tto a no t ucptb of pop contoand ouGnn a cacua on a ducon wn nabd oubjc nu o a g c

Nab

T Cf ao of Pookan b Raj Juu ngded on te nd o May 1840 and a ucceeded by onDeee ng 8 yea! o age Naba a tated n 83to


20/82

se vaes a he eveue as esae 82us of Rees

efeence eween s ef hs feuaoes hs eeececse e as of s eoy ae scaee houh ePoece Ses n e o ess h eeve sc osTe ce oo oes o PeeaaPteel

a ee Resu Mahah Raja Ku ShMo ee Bahaoo

s s he es o he S Poece Ses a he hefs ooe o y s ous as e ea o e Phooea eVd Appdix aee oe coses 2 50 vaes heo 51 evenue was ese 82 weywo so Rees Te ef ha e o hs oa cay cse Teefohs o e He o B ee seeey us e e son o e Goohas a s o MhaaaKu Sn hy hus Rees We so

ios of is ifi i s fo ogig ohe H Se o Keyoh o oe ah an fy hous Reshese wo os wee es 82 o ye eveue of Ruees5000 eeaa oes o he Buee Dscs

n 80 we one o hs he he H Teoy of Sn echane o ee vas euh Bee whc e ee w Suoo

K S s sue; s ohe ee S wo a oncoee o she n he ncay s ow uey see os esoe

s ef ns esce foePtete Skh StteChhlee

Sda Sba S a

Ts ef of he Keo e Hs eoy coses ves s esae o ye evene of Rues 000Chlee Skh

s e o ey o o av e ee cessyuae an ! The ossessos wee ve ve


21/82

as o us, and h had volntaily pac hm-s

bjction o he Rajah of Paaa. Thy wars eam

dssad h hs aaemn and 1836 wr mpaedfom he suerdeo heRajahf Paeaa and ansfrd o

the on o h Pla An a Umala._ Eah puee nowaos amn fr he arao

o s due and

he Govrnmn h- no e rouled yhe le dur ayas

dNuwb GolamMohee-odDeen Khan Bahadoor andSirdars Nha Sngh,

Sd Sn nd J Sn

Ths s ow a Sh ow u was oray aured y h Koopoora aiy

h rruon of he Shs hey ee oae y heaye o hou eray oeourh revenue Th a awas rauay ou a as e Shs ae o e rare a

n has sx eee aes a esae o yeu 800

Gooshere Khan foer ef o Koonooa, ve hs esae o hson son Ghoa oheeoee Kha a hs ees so RahuKhan he hn hf Koojooa joe or ae ur heahaaa aan o 80 h fay ossesos ay ore

o have co uner our roeo fro ha roer h eah of Gooshre Kh Ghoa oeooee Kan

sue h suesson hs eer roher RahuKa o h uv Pnay o Koojora a he erees eween e ohers were ajus y he aser 8 o oeeooeen oehr of Koonjooa ye a esae revee of Ruees ,000

Wh he vew o ree a uh a osse he evs oe auhy h oow rraeen as saone y he

Gover n h 25h o uy 8

s Te oer o Goeren ree a s eeenlads, udn he rg admerg Juse ad of olleg he lad ad usom rveue, were esed xlu!ely n Mohe-od a


22/82

2 :

2ndly n Oce on te at o te Sks was to attn on -aU occasons wen aangements wee beng made fo te setlemnt _ad

olecton of te evene deved om te ton lands and o acoes of al aes connected wt te sbject Oneal o teevene o te town lands was made ayalet te Sk saeldsn e oe a was e eane by Goa oeeoeenKan

y n e on e a f e Sks was o eainn aenne e Cooea an o ake coies o a ae

eang o e oecon o e cs evene onea o wiwas age o e Sk saees an e oe a eeooen an

4y Te Sk saeoes e eaon an eaeeenens, ae neenen o oeeooeens aoy, w asno owe o sn o ne e o o ee w e bonaeoey ey ossess n nee in oses, gaens goo &c ncase ey sbeave eseves caon s be ae o

es o ne n eess, o e Poica gen bay be aeae o

y Te Sks an e eoe o e own ave e g oaea o e Poca gen a baa agans acs o njsceo oesson on e a Goa oeeooeen Kan

6y n case Go oeooeen an by soncn e nageen o e s s eose n sows se

wo f s e connance, soe oe aangeen is o beaoe o e Govenen o ownn 5 Sia Nea Sn coae agans Goa oee

ooeen an o aansaon an as ece o sbanaeAgra Pocedins, 27h s cages bfoe e oa Agen a baaAugt 836 No. 1 n a occason e See Goveneneae a be e navsabe a we s eecie

any ec jscon ove e aasof nee neveeessboes s o see a e ay wo we ave ec o a sae

n is ansaion so eee s gs n a oe esecsan ang s a we so esoe o s oe sa ne nsaon nowsang e evs o a ve aaon


23/82

A uing io n ou noing o bn i i vy obb iu bwn i v

n icb u

Ladwaaja At S

i Ci i o uw ib i onnc wi Ru o Pnb w c R b oAuc ovno n ing i oi ooun on

i in w w in 8 o c 8 vgn vnu w i n 82 Ru 2T R o o u in vg o Du n

n Rub in i nigbouoo o K non un gn 22 unI 8 in oic inii o vi!g wic Iia inc bn ov o R w von o ou g o m vn o i inbii o in io o no o ub

ncyMaharajken Sikhs

R o Pi, n n v cic ov i ougu voi o n i i Mn n innn coni u in inn inion b ic on bn icin i i c in i n iion o

bovn R bn wo n i i i concion on on connguiny o n gov by i n o n

iv c o v u o viio n Piicn b o uiicion

MustfabadSa uttu g

i i o w coi 3vi n i i o yi vnu o u 28

Ruu ing obin o u in 8 w oigin y i Mb in wo i in


24/82

cc b on o n o oy vn bo Rn n no

Mb n o o v n n on v bn oo bn v n Mbo o

n on Rn n on on o oy o Mb n on c n o o o

o bny ncy n cnon ov on oMb n b o g n ov n by bo oo ng n o

y b n Mb n n oco n o

o bn o o cy Rn n c b o y con on n oon n n n non co no b nnn on con o v co ovn b Rn ng vn v c no gon c co y con nMb ov o Rn ng og cocon by n o n

RamghM b g N_ D

on by Roo y co n o o y vn o R

I nn

o o o ocon o R b o bo Mo n Nn s y o n v ; b n o

c no n concnc o n v n MMo vn o on b n n n

o con o d n n yn R 2 nn

co o y nconvon o oy no ccon o on ovn o yon


25/82

p ing i in bcion o Qi b Db g wo n coi Ci

oee ad aha

Ti Ett i o by fniy o S o Poon ib . oion comi 64! vi wi ni vn o R

T niy w oigny inn y voniy bi o vg o R o Nb ic

y bqny nvo o ow o b i ci y o n vic o Nb Ci, o n

nng o Nb cn nb on oow oncion oowing

i on o Nbrig o on o g o Nb o ing nW

Thaesr.

Twfh h Gvenmen-heef Sane Ca Konuan Rp ou

Tn, n bi o ino i on o o oyc n w ogny conq n o by Miing

wo wo nw n g ing n g ing ion tioy bwn v in ooion o o , n wo o

ng ing, oo o w cc by i Sing w o i in 8 wn ir M in cg o , n cciy o Rgnn on b ginw Cn Koonw n RoKoonw) o i n g n o wo

cg in 8 n wo n in oionM in on of n 8 n i bn , o o Cn onw n oo Konw oion

o rioy i o o Prn Pow ig n i i o


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hen he Sh Ses ce ner or roecon, e o GhoaSngh econ son o Bhg Sngh) n sseson o wohs

Thnessr whh h n escee a rec n an by heese wo ie n 0 o nh e as o he ahers o he orgna roror hag Sgh hs ron o heerror ase o s I corses 2 vages an wa esn 2 o ye a revene o Res 40; a nber o vagsyeng h greer oron o he reven hs been ro e oe assgne away o eaes o e ay or r vs an heaon cong o s s coarvy sa

e Rver rress rns beow Thassr an he aahe roos n 8 o row a brge cross

The oaon s osy noo an he owes o he osah as gh b eec n sh cass a nr so resran ha ar o e sae wch s h b e wows o h Snghr Goernn os no ee h asaon oeoonrs


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Nes n e a ur relan w Pujab. n Jbe md r lemn

S B

rr u u w S, r aur xn n n aua a a aar ar a a an a an n r, n a Sarr O N an a an aaa an a f unan wn nu a Su ar n a f Ia an aa n an Su Su n Br w xn f r f r ana an an nv ra f un rn a rv Ba a ana a n Baa fn

B Paan f Gvrnr Gna nnn a n an Su av nua an u wn a vr an aa aa f B r n B nra f na aa ar ann BGvrn, na nan a w a

n mn n a a na v, ar af San wa n m rnn ar ma

rur rin n nwn av raur w anan a aa vn f S n

*L. Co Sir laud M Wa s s Pocal gn at Ludha adas mpoyed mssos o h o of aho om 1823 o 840Ths w wn by h n Novmb 848 h h so'-ad d

AgoSkh Wa w bg oug ad w ss m amph o o Ryd Wgh, on omb 5 848n by G Bu ooad Ga Sgh


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0

nb in one o e uoe eenn o Rnee in in f my be comtibe wi ur ow fe ecy

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n wiing o reeve u govene i

ow o) ige in y oinion ewn ie ieion ey ncion e by ocy n ce; by e oe ece e eie coe e ony wo ve oe noe eie o ocewe wen eee e eion o onie o en eue wi i o engg wo ve ee n wee ou e o e o ie o i n by e bee e eeece n conienc wi wic o eio o iyve y (one o neceene eng i oonnecion wi cony) Rnee ing n i cceo inie o ge ei i inine ei nce wi ife goo i on ei wic eie e o be eewi oeio ee o wic wi no oy n in ie oeoncie e i o e new eion wi o goveen oe ny oe eure bu ew e eoe o ni ge ee ei eive ew e o

obe o ee No i o o inveige e cne wic ecee e e oube bu o cein i w nee nie of e oiy eie o be o eeving eieeen of e i e unb, y be be ce owiou veny enngeig ey o oeve wi we veno qie ig o eue o eoing e o e o o

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eibi e ye on wi e e oy o o govenen ogo be be in i n e oowing obevio o e Mqio owne ini e in rien o e inn {i 8) wen in e conece wi e e oeion on ege

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o esos o coqes o y se b o se ndh le he goeme be wh my peec o peO

Mome Hoo lce oe ce or vesed oe ooy ese s o oe e s es wo o

e es ey e ee o e esoee coco ese sees o ebe eo o e se

gec wc e eess o s oo o o ee ey e o esve ssees, o:.c e be o a s}o be o e y ece es o ose ose ses ve ee ce o s, ose gs s o e oeco ve ee so oby

so e ge by ses o is oss cy e syse o gve s ess No e ave s eenen s oy o o

seos eo o c be sccess wc oes o o o ees o secg o saey s as esg caevse e e o e ogos c evo os s e see owe -

Te s es c o oess

e ceowege sco o e hs a e o eoy og e egon govee y e, I o oeg s secve as a a s ee; n veg ooe y oo s o e e coe be e veo ecg e ese jec a y o eeece o e a a eso cose aos eveyCe a Poeo e ony be cee s a ce

ecse o e Coee ae oe o o eceI s e ee, e S ave eo bee

coe owe a y oe e geaes ayeow o e o o Rnee Sg wc ke o es wee co oy o gg e eakes e oyo e ogce o e egos

Ts a a I we we e av o e ex o oce e coco o a ey Sk o a baswc eae e o e o a eoay ae, a we svy ee o e seee c a ao ooe ,


30/82

h no en aske o y oiions, no conse n anayng isis hic a occe, g i seess o conineese obsevions n he esen o n he eanio o inions, ay sae a a been ice o no e on h os o sbng e o e Co o iecos an ePesie o he Boa o Coo n sch ebes o s aen es govnen s ave been o ae connece i o aveken an inees n, he aais o na A e sae ie, asoonie oee, no a o ecae ss n eenence o e aangeen ae o sevea Paies n o sa oe e an ic o ave oe Recen scesses, oeve,a s oo oen e case, a give an eca o e eases o eGoveo Gne, an ose o ee a e e concen in eeecion c ece e ossibiy o eseve enon beingai o e oions o oes o e coeen o a heebeaons o govenen on sc an occasion

T Teay in qeson a scacey been sgne beoe as iscovee b by o on oce an e Ss, a e eeen

o og a govenmen by e ae ee so coeey aaye, i no esoye, n e ace, by e inena ssensons an

saces n n e econ by e oveo o e aes on ege a e eecain o ing so by e on eans, nghe obaionay occan o e caia, b o oos as oeess an no soone o o gasons be an an econ o eve o a ae o anacy ose an o c ee o eca Accongy e aong e Sis o boe a

onen n e negoiao o e Teay aong o , one ea eceon ony, , Dean Dnana e as nee aCe no ne o Sae ossese o e eas nence oeon n e cony Te Sng se beng oegnea eesoe o ne, n coan a Dvon o e S aynoony o ose aby, b even coage, Ranjee Sing a a onon , ae o e Goveno Genea e connance o ooos, ng e noy o e yo, ee Sng, an e

ansaion o e Govenen b a Conc o Regency, eeove by o Resen an coose o e ayn as Sc acose as an ene, an aeoy in e absac a egae e oen eecie o o esonsbiy n esog a ic eeos nacy o e Ss an e osies ic ;e


31/82

3

b oev a h ha coibe o oyoeov ak i a geea oi o view h wa apay

ch o ei a ca o cogaio o i a appicaio oh ki a we o iy i ic i e ieaaage o he oy i coaighe ee ccea obabiiy o b o c a eae i ao ieo h coiaio o e yog aa govee we oveooehe ac a aie we o epeeig e aio oacae i ei oc o ch y a pii of oyay a paioia by h i o ecig he ow aey a e aio o which

w a ai e i kig o oecio a o Teaoiy o h op eeciy e iiay ca wh we ecaiy h ga e a a bee he o e by ovici a i i we ow ae a evie Te Sig ao aociae wih a h beay o ei cy y heeci a backwa beavio wic hey evice owa heicoy i e bae o e Seg a he ca b o obha h eay i o o pocy aeay owe i eciy

o aiaio o o pece a ahoe aoe w oo coe o eec a e Sik opao geay wo eaiycoe ecocie o ei o o pow o o e ocio o acag i o egagee whh eee oe eo aeve ei ee o e yok wich we ha ipoe po hewi appe acio o i ow ahoi

ohe eec an evea oce o aiacio i he cheaop o ao be boe i i a hoea a o

waie ibe iabiig e coy beyo he a h eh who a o a obiaey ie he Sikh ahoiya bie o i oy i e ope a I ko o e e cae haa ay igh aive i e obabe coe o eve we heieaciaio wo be eece by he ipa poge o oow oiio we a wa aa o aie o ae gievoyiapoie we a ie i aive o eeve aeov o he yay Ra Goab Sigh e oio ce a

oio o woe e ay o e a aeay epeiece; oco i hei bjecio o Sik by e opeaio o apowe v h Bii i woe ee o ice a beeoec

*I omuao a ua} obato o te eaty o te pa(


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4

h _a ce rm h obseri or pc a ia

ih cqe wr a ier spe h wc a e a, a as h i as aor a h pes hese sjga ri a a iers sh h ii Goerme o i eieac h cio, e exe s a am he srrongses, picar e Afhs whs cciii, b e aswhich r w a r isa, becme h es ra,m bc ha be, e sgh hse im "es, aem cse a iepeen Sh Geren, sci s b a s a, keep he rbes n her fner

i chc a ge i i am (whh s xe a ei sc b L Harge) s mch respec n cnser,ih eeece he mia hrcer . e n as cnsseih pace a ser as e s er

M ws h esore bac he Esfes, e Brzeso s, h Kcs a he her Mamen bes, emxeh h Bcis i Deraj oe n beo bg o hes, a he ossssis wrese frm em cross h froma, , jh u uy, u kh, ihih; These cncessions e ne e besws gic w o mse of oo poc recome hc e were we ee r-:e srces heh er f s r expeon hro e Pnjb oAghansan ( whch cn mse rec es) n e ewh whch e aper he snce once eees n onngMj Eres aain e nsrens beo oon n, p o es accns i a n Pes r herene ajorwrece, b whch profs o a - re s oo c so fe i ha conne, s eon of er Sn,be ow b ha f he S rrs er, en speco or air w sm o or fs e come s riic s ompm her own sfe f e en if o s nonger

he ibeo hes rbes fo e omon of h sW no, s o sppse, e exose em o n

u a d b ul.


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iminn dang, fo th rciy or btion o bors

o h sid o ghnisn, o hom h had min dnnnd hos aggrssions hyar s cpb o rssngnow, as h

bfor .hy cord byh Sikh Thy wold hav ccdsch a isinrsd xrion o o ow n hi o ih gridTh Skhs od hav hd no igh o comin o he s mad oor onq, o cnrm h chm o hs findy ribs o oGovnmn i h Cifs of Afghnsa in gnr od hsn in i n diinal oof f h ir ocy owhich ricily indd oh say o oinion of o w in Ind,o hic o sccss and od msls h bco zlos

of dsvig or frindshi. I sor fom mynolg of snin o hs o o no hsi y h w so hconvr ho hos connc w ha os o gr s rsn ih ny hing b goo io s n is

n h si o ashr wo h oow h s in ooicy as rgar Chis o skao n ah wos rroii i b rbr h bn wnoy siz in h a yso anj Singhs rin b a ob Sing wio h

oiy o is srih rsc o Chr o h h ovnc s

nncy h Sis as hroor sing oab Sigh hh Gornn o i n hoing iiy ccnb ois anisrion o h Co o o n or hisicab coc o s ring h a o h Sg conrh a is in his o ossssis ron oo n h rinciaii o ishar Bar c hch h ory bnn on hi an irn bs hs iy by RnSing b ih s o h y ss o Poonch o Morb ha cn hir sorio hio Chis o ry ro sir os o iic incy oa wic ha ra avoc b o o sns cr n ossiv nn n hich hy ricy h Chi oPoonc ha n riv o hi rriory by Rja Gab SinghB h rs o hir ngagns wih anj Singh hy n ribary o aho o ha h so an byh scr rs iho coicing o ions in a qrro ro h rcis o or innc an ro icnr o h cony n h sss ng ino h


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lht of a frdly trt n th wfar of or Govrmnt o ay ha ov a vaab ion ,

Th n bjt or ondratn the oly whh og ovadoptd fo o on xv advana. Hr to pont lim

o attnton vz th mmdat ad ot bnt to b ddo o onqt. I w lookd hy to te ome n ddition too nana o ay n h nneion o heaha Doab noy h h h o an ho oo o he Pnjab b hen on h oa an v ahny whh w a obg o o h

novao o o y an s y o b h abhnon o h oy an a o n e n o heo in he ngiy o o o a ha I bv bn h an n na by a o ove an ana nhh ay hav bn ong h n ah* o ohw by hoo hn w ho no oo so o a o ov avanag

I av aa se ibeiy in h o oq is

h b o , n in o ony is i o q an n na o y o oo ah a an ann ha oh aan o eoy bene n onng cony o bj ay oeigne, ogh o be o onie is eoo h ono, by nng h n g a a i ay no b na o own wa

a ho, o ang h ana Doab I wo hav hwn h o, by a a a on y n o n

wh h ahaa h Rajoo n he Neese, h s heaq o anown ha ob e e no esio o oneso ny obe, b h o an a bn wo hveonn y by h oaon o a oanng osiion in he on w


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as a e ove e Ss n e ans wo ngng oseesno eae ona w e as we e oe y oyng e

aea Doa an onng e aa y o ow oshe esene o o oe seng a eooe an oana San kee No o e Sege wo n y onon aese o eey esae oe o ono e Ss a Laoesa an e Doa Ty a song y oson n eqe ave sgese wo ae ease o ee oagansan wo a ee neeene w a ony an woae nae s o oan a gway o oee y w a ga

ae s e wen na an Cena sa

To ee e eene o anng o oe ea ooan nsea o ey wo ave aen ea ao o e say25 as o es e ann w aong o y eoeonwo ae ee ao e ne evee o e aea Do oey aage n anee Sngs e s goss ao was 35as ese o agas

By oowng s a ose we so ae e e Ss nee wo e oe, o any e ese , o oose o aoy an ave sewn e, a one a we ee no oveos ooy n e na a we wee ayng o avowe ws s seeng e a ay an oseos non weas n eseeen ae e ave e e Ss gos o sonen w a sase a nog soe an anaogos o a w ae eoene w ve eove e o eo a we

ave aae e ay w gave ongena eoyen o aage on o e oyen o g an o a we aeaso esoye e ean o e ans o e ony e so o a age ay an an owe agasw e eos esasens a ongens o oos we anenane o a gogeos neeesay eae

Te es s vey ee o a e Sk an eo asses o e ee ee Te ave eoe aae e

e o s s now oeey ange a ess w eBs Goenen o ee ae a ave assee s seay n seene o e ae nsons wee w eavsae o ess n a ne o oy w as oe eseoes, o ao one sa o a w wo ave oo n s nsane an a oen s e ony sae ose o


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Ru puru i we woul ave ouelve fo the indenite ntingen

cie which t ae fom the entie ubjgation of the nab nda coplication f foeign elation in which it aneati u uleand authity wil inevialy involve u with thoe natin ad trieeyond the Indu m an iediate contac with whch we may etaured tha we hal no increae te taility f r eeivepoiion The loe cure th Idu connected i the Sutledgad he tact 'o deet paallel tot with theintevenion o peoplelike he kh eeen ourelve n the Afgha aod a euity

to u hi he urher etenion f our frontie will eve yielAnthe imtant pint remain t be conie viz hw faour Reident i t inteee in the internal dntration o tecountr for on he denitio f that int and h own poalepeience and udgen chiey deend the ucc o ou plcand the roey o the tat e wih to peeve I would noteecie an inteeence in detail but leave te to the mnaeen he own unctinai. at h ae tie that I wu t allowny mater imance tanpire r be caried out .withutthe knowledge and i eiite e advice and cnen o te Reient

I wold alo avid a a a poile he agncy o ou Erpanoce in the aintatin of he count e ae generaly electef thee delicate ce he ung and inxpeiened who rotheir wn l knoedge and pathy with he peole moreen tha ucceed in ecuring the cief oect of ou polic viz thei reconclii to te change beide whch the eoen o

ou w oce throw ut the native fo thei ut clai to eror the rvice thei own tate a cicutance whic do ht wea to peent give rie to aloie an illwill toad u highlynjuriou to ou .wn cedi nd elfae without any bene eite toouelve o o he tat the inteet of wic e pofe to poetand ecure

l . n ecodi hee opinion it i ight fo e t oeve hat

although he entetained them from the eginnin and a theneceity tei adoption then a much a I do now et in te aidcoue o event th opotunity o uggeting the did not eenitelf A crii ha now arived in which o a condence in thetuth o my convicion hich my long cnnectio with t ounyay rly entitle e to cai and a ene o y duty to the oenen of m wn onide myelf bund o tate m view d


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non f he nfrm of toe who he m hoe

trt oe o them m ppe to be to hoe who oe hexto o the Pb o tent

Re e of ght

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WH ARE E T O TH THE ANAB[89]by

MJ N

Th n ni h 3 by n

9h n ny i inrs is in qr Piy h i h s i , h b h bi hu n ivii ini hgh riy s y nnng h nb h ih inins r i nuy ub h h v rn v his b n n nir n ih i nvn h n by ng h nin u , nuig s y i ni, r ss in ih i

h iunn i C iry i CinCh h ni y, i ni C i nn h ubi i y s quiy n n hi gnizin h i inisrin h Prin

b n n i nn h sn is n i q h iu n i rgn ssn qin i h bs i n i, n i nns, rn si i y iy b h h s ng in hy i, n i gry nh h n r un

n h i y i i in his kn

h hi inin n i ui hi is 'C in rn h u n ins h bi hii h h 5h Nbr

addew eehl odo ch 8


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88 nn sin h in, in h s sh NsOn h S f Rins ih h Pn n h s

hi Sn, n ihin h s nh n h sininhis Ciis h s ys sin in h Tis n hs f nin ni n h h W hs i h s n in s, in his nh

n ikn Ciis h mny ys h sn ss n h ini Cs in nihsf s y n mii i y i qsin h s h Gnmn in in is n ish

s, h in n sii i n hisy. H h snins s hih i n ininiis ini, i h ss in isss hm s h in is nssh is is n s kn h ss n i y hs iniis, y h Gnn y hCn nin i, sh n ih niny n h in inin ssss y n h hs

h hisy n iis ni h is s hisi y sin n h ni s ninny n h s i ih nin h n hs isni in y iin ih sin s h y sss i h hs h n h ns s hnh h n y ns f h Hiy sniin n h h ny yn h Fh isi hin, hin hs nins n h s

hn s h sny s ns sn sh n h nks h i h nsi ns h n This s yin in h 5 2 is is h s hin ih s isi s hy n s is isn h hhin s ish n hih h n hinsn n i in in s s h nis hi s Whn ss y n y hy y h ns

n sy y is n n hi s y inh ih s n yin sn hin s hs h ns n

s 3 is Cs y ii n h in iin ins h i n h


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2

ors o o g srs sbog no B o Bng s norrnos on

Fro s o o n v rgr ss r nr s n gr bs v bnog or n o m v kn on nos on nor o D, n ron o Srn, n vno n or bonr nrn no rgon o nTr so, ror, so srong rsons s s hsjos nss on or ngng ronr so n y

n rs Nr s s n o Sj sor o n n n o ns, ng 00 s nn, n o bng ross os vr rnssons o r rr o nr Sj nor ns nor n or rr n or s or sr s nr onr onns k n ons nsrs k o n , n os o Ar n Ar r sronnr bonrs b s vs s obsrv rro onr

s r vs o s Provn o Srnrsns on vnr on or n n o nr n non gns s n r s n rs o oos , s ros o sss r sr s nr on rnor r nor o j or ns s o onn sr, ong bnk o o s srs onng nr on , n bng b nor n so ron o non o bo 80 s, nng, s s n s,

o vr os o o r rvr n rs o Pron o Srn r r svr Sk n, o n 80 n ob or roon n o v or s or yrs, jo o vnng n sr o n r s n Pnj Tr knss n r nsnj oss rnr q onb n nn o sor o ns Tr rors r gr sng o Brsovrnn, o Frozoor ors on nsn T sr

s on s orn rrors o oor, Bknr ssr n ooor nb rs n rv o Hn r os ors ng grn s ro orgnnvon on ng vr nonsrb rb, sr n ronon, n r ong mos n s o Brs Govrnn s b s o onn s


41/82

f v o s of s on f bn 6 dus b os o, fo ng ofrvrsng s o gon f D

S s N s sons fo sfng o bons o dus fo ok o s s, v s s fnn S b n v s fn W v o s, w w s s on fnk of bo vs w s vgs o Sv rho, n o ons sg fo sw o ; og on of s n nvng s o fn ofn s on s s s no os n nj b o

n f son on S s ng ossb Ag n so o oson n fng f b of

j , n f bn of n s n s osb Ts s s ossb, s s ov s T s wq g vs ng ns s s ov s

T vn of Sn wo v w o g on ws q o w Sks n Pnjb sos Sn w o n ov s nss

n s n of gn, S s N ss o v ooo f w w nv fgns w no osss onns (ng fo s n ms b on on ofs sss n nng o ng fo gn n s, wv og w n n ow s gn sv vsons of os w s so s n, snos ossng s on fo, w s o of n y o oos s of w o ossss wo on fo no o sofosw s-w s b v o n n w b sn B n nv s o soo s o own o sn ws s no v n no v o q of on

s s nv n o b b o s o w v o g qso s s b fogvn s fo swng w s o ss n \ s bn o s w vn sn n s b s of o ssos n


42/82

8 r hs a b b nakg s ab D a n

kng u sb v s ar q al r bggg , n a n nb n urn brh C a r h s h y r nsn sh bs b n n r n r n kg h gnr, y y bk an us n any bs ngh asy ng

b r n an h a nq as y Afg C a n ng k s s, rv h , n ay ny, h us y n C ug s sa s u h s h a ar an gu sn by hng ug h a sa, h ry n hn 2 a, r k n y n n

h as ng a hr Bhaar h Su ug 28 s, y rgsans v rng r n g nga rav k ba g n anrr ssa k any rny n ah arrg W v ban , aas su sa u s n n ar r n ng ng a Pgr s u su Ba r W h n n s s a r n skns ar, g ss h a bn n rs nng a san r r b g su b, s an ags ar na h bu h n a h u rT b arh aas b ng, a n

ny g va sus n a Pg Ba, C r a, ans sra ur skns f r a s a rs a h, assy ny h s h sng r C r,


43/82

4

ni i y i in h nn n iu n Run in n i n

by n

Wiu ning in , u h in hiy T n i h Hyn in 2 n i hi igh by nu in un ih n hi iu hugh i bnnby bu hi n iy n bu ny i ingyib by Fi h n n n h

n h y ih bu ny gin in D 02 , ining in un y h y n hing y h n, ih hi y niing niy y h hnu Nh Pn ih u h n bu h g hi y n n hi ing in T ny nh h i i hi hn hh y i h y n h nigh in h h ny h i n in ih y in h h iginy in hi Thin uh h ib h iuhn h h ng y Cbu h Fn Wh h ui h nu u ihh uh h bn ib ? T i n hyib by bn mun n , uy

in in i i by hn h i hin,n i n i i Ch Ni i Bu h b i ny ning i iibiy g i i h h hBii gnn ih i n ih i u nnn inn in n bu by h u nun h uh u b h nhn hn u n h i h b i hiy u ny un h n n h bn ug ihiny y i nh Di ny h un n h u bn Lin n iy Th in bn i n i n u Dhi iiin h my b in


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suor e oer A Kr] Meeu ei isrro e of roier e cocee ce ee posige Pu i e s o eey soe i is e by ex

usess esources of e suies ouseve ossesi e vges of o forio c o eey c be so wefurse u our oos ve sse i bory e owgg e Ss i e u e ? A ios y vigexuse e s of sce ovee o esuery of s eers wee coeg ive ourerrory io ee use oo vge o eoo of or e froe s os see sce o

eg es fro e oer oe o e (irozeoo wiie e of e ese ug o e b o e ue Te Sksre o rve 0000 srog i evy o eyrosse equ eee o oss eee ec e se ie I s cer oeve, ioeoo e oresue s o refrees suies oere e osvuere o so e s ow eoe isege o roeoor ee oe we e

Afg r ee

s grrso e o Loi se ure oeros o ou ee o e ee s our o e ossio ue o Te eifoceesfro sou ou ve oe rese e er vce oe ee o w 000 e ev i s re Lo wou S or oe gs veure o vce ors e rs Govere ere ere o e coi sue, oug e io ee sie o i o oue sege e ieio cce

e ee ws o e e e c ogess e ir r Te coes e o o e excee i

eoo of is reg foces re skfu roe ocesusoe fo ers o os rf wc eveeouee ee Ts oege s ey og e eso ookee, of iroes Soro u oi o e eog fe e ere ouos o or oie gie

ou ve ee e fe o eey i ve o vce r i gg o s is er s ie ries of o A oe ero of isor ie e Toes of eg ug e e o e ree


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47

or rs go n s n o bss n s nr, ovrrn Rss rs n s nor n n bsbrg sn r of n fon

On onon Consnno s ousoo for sso o for rs, or s vs ornrog sss s n roos s v fr orbonr n n njb Hr nonr svrfs b v sg ovr r n nTs roos nbr gns or nnsof r of orn T ns vr n orb o ss n vn o on n r 2

n ons, or 00000 n r s nr D, n o rr n 2 sr f 00 n fb, n so fog r bk rog nb n 27, n qu rg fr ross Sj b no vnronr n r o ssnng gnr on n 28n ons o vsons of 000 , v, 200000 m, vno D bu r rus rfu sgr n 0 r rvg cnr n rr rurn n

foong r 000 n os 00 n T s s b 7000 n n 0 o vng r D sgn f n nng rou b on ob nn roos vn o ro svs no sr on r rn r o r rs b rs nfg or f vs o fr of joo fs o rsrb ong sorn of sr Sn Trn, Bb Hooon br n n orn s

Nr S n 740 n b so s 70 v for nb b v bn s n ngbouro of DCvs o s vn r n sor of n ss W no usnss r o ross Suj no s bn s bg or Sj s no sr fror n gsuno srv s fronr of n b o no s us onn so sk (bfor ou n o of r

o bo Sks n gns our ns g no

s v onn so n or n s n ns of o ov r ouOr os s qu rg nog s s So or o

sur bo so bg s o f b s o g or


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8

ok don sts (the sujugtd poe o nd) ecm toounuy to e ntoe; nd ven n te men tie, tout gt

chnge o the tte e s e n dem hch i ev usothng to loo ck upo ut w witout success, nd noting o o o bu c ou scuiy

sou eig e hes oeic os o on sngus ses e s ng hn o scu hs e hs n e su noon o eve yhve ee He s occsony gven us ng c i

cse o Aghnsn ov oo u n s voce u no w sege So uch o h in on hose o ese o cy i

on o he ooe ouns e seves es ss he hoe suc

Le us no oo he qso nohe oi o vi s n se ocy o he eenc o

ngn s oo uc s e ghy s o sgh couny n Zen h e ee oh o e uoune S Shu he nsgio o Too ne h Pun che e on is ou o Dhi in 7 quisesy e cquin Asc hsoy e u on ies ecece h h ncsos o h Pc h ys efo n vng o h isssos Ps o eh N S n eve on h Aghns o o o

eginc o he S n o essh se oiio Tsgcy o qus eesy e h o ue h Si co e oy n co s evoy o u o Psin oe o nuce soveen o h es ovces oAgnis e conqu h o s o en ue cogniio o ei enncy This esue eecysuccee que vsi snce o e Ps y o Heo e hs s eee i oy ou o h e o

e Agn o ec enon conquess n nThis i s vou go o he S o hch une Sng se o Agn oon h eioy o he s o Kye Pss s osc i i n sgng o ou ecuyoec u o y oc o y houg Ags


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4

w e vowe oicy o he riish gover O ocsio Icoec sever gus wi w roug wih us ro i were

res o e ig he Mrs ve ors rierye whoccoie he i or so ie wi hir gch rese MoG i Hy ue r He s o goosvie o Persi wers oours wich he s gie i wri h qur Soe o oes h o eso oei i h svie o Pesi; i yer or wo wiciie ce o iry s ore whih o ore h oeoccsio esu is srgh i e ussis his oe o

h ceus o y wic ( our oy o hge wo ies hv be y o o e er o y eey vigowrs i

Te ye 827 ws h i h views o gi esewih rgr o Persi ee e reeig eves ie 8wer o o vi he irss o Ge ri wer coroiewe by e y o s o oy we go i o h ri o ey o T o 8 wih ou her i eesie i

wh Pesi o oec ro er eis i by egiio byoy o by oos ios o wr o our Persigruy e h oiio o ussi whos owe iuecev icese iy s o eig erise s vue y ses ee ue e guie o ussi oucis s eve siee viwe b us ih isrus rehio 8 i wsough esie ise o oyig er s h oec o ouri oiios y ssiig gh o h es o eoy

he oces o gi gis er o v ri coeiowih ussi ivig i e orgi o e gh wTh uois re so e i o eir hes h

vs igh crie o og wih Pub ouris yig beee i Prs e Csi Se oeec is i bec ecssy o exore s o o so iws esov o s so oses s re o ee Sig ru o u o oi eisio o he irs o Si oow h o b coveye u he rive o hi oury he Aisi o obec Si exer rs (he iei oy ry, oo chge o hse e ws e ero e ro Lo orough o Sih chie O h5h i8 wie e y wer o he rivr rs wrie s w se


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e e rver e s ce fro es rou o see us

ASud ( Moed St) stood o te ter's edge d gzedt stosmet . He tured to s copo s e ssed d te herg of oe o our pty, sd, 'As I Sd s o go,sce te Egs hves e rver c s te od to ts coques'

Ho truy ths o m fore te ev.te cosequece ofermttg us to covey tese Trojanhse to te ujs ee

u oo fy rese fo s coury ures reor of he rver of e eoe of ose e

ferrs vse s eerr rves urg e foow

ree yers rougou Ags or Pers s use 1834, core e eef e ossesso of e vo of e us of e coury of S, s oe g e o coerc eveoe uree y or qurer of e goe

s e e e ocy ors Pers e o e vsioof Ag wc ou, he guge of er Prese o

h or of oro, or eveoe o eorces o ecevee of ees c e mos ro fcy wou f ecg ere we re 89 fee yers er he Syu efer of e e ser eve y reers o uge oo e rue gf of vo eog eer o e e ose or o e hrs or e s e ers s ee our ossesso u ere re e Ars o gre us erssoo oy o see e us ssse us furerg e fcfu

ves o ose o re of gre oquess coerc vgs ? ey o oy s u er er, ey e us reurg roug er coury sg our rereg yfro esuo hese hve ee hure fro er ses erveof er e ower e o eee e gy youures o ws he srue rgg ou ese evess cu o e re of fe rs ry he rs suse ee ce e e of ey (0.9780]

73 e e resge of our e ery ureese eves re s res e recoeco of e s ogo y occurre ey ve sre o s gs e of our ry rowess ery ere ro wcreve we e egge e g w


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Le u no un e iression e, in oi oin ovie y is r e engge in rie ine i S Sun Rnee Sng o e e oe on e rone ro e e

een exee ry ers eore n e ie inegining in susequen r is oe s o e ee yexeing e reigning ing o s e oe o e eoe, nreognise s one o e os ou ruers region ee s eee is oos ere eee, n S Su ree e rone e exee king gve ise u o ur generosiyn s sen risoner ino ni A roin s isse, ou oe eing gine, e sou ui e onry ving i o e

gverne y S Su Di e o so ? No ; e no onyeine in i n egue is rs, u roke i i eGiies n oer ounin ies, o , on erin oniins,voue e ne o one ivisin o my e resu is oo reeno require eiing We resore Dos ome o e rso is iu sues, n e s een revenge y reonqueringPesur, ken ro i y e Siks s ory yes go Weigh ve en reire i rei u e se Pesien o e

or o onro s no GovernorGener o ni is inuionregring e oer vnge o e erive ro e nvgion o e nus s no remove y e unn knoege gineor e revious en yers o e iosiiiy o re i nions orin uers, iniig onries yieing no esire roueu e s reve eier rue Sin s Briis Provin, or oke i one e i so; n is resen o e Cron s os ,n i si s i iios o oey i s no ny isne

oun our nek u i s e r in i e re no enggeSir es Nie sys s en neessry o ve ge ryin Sin or e o e Siks e Siks no reson o e SiCres Nier s Governor o Sin er ey eyinesse u re esey ro e eknon ennexin o e Pun een vourie roeroge in Sin, soken o n oe e ess es rougou e y ? o no reen o usiy e

o e ik ry on our os iroeoo, uring a eio orooun ee Bu s e se o e ouny ? o oyes nry reve o e iary ies sruggingo surey Cou n ving oine he ui ers


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2

coul yed, resov o aipae h ime we he Egsh shube cae no see heir aairs an evenuay o annex he.

cotry In her rashess, hey have proe, insea of psning an eve which, i we are o reain S us sner r aeroccur Le us eaine wha is he hrer o his ary Bues,Jaqueon Hge, wree, an ohers, have a spoe o i, anof he our an resurces Ranjee Sgh; bu o a hese we ygher pere n o he ue ary resoures o he PunaI h year 80 Sr Caue Wae rece h pariuar an s obec a his Persan Sereary a Assisan, Mr Shahana

A ow n onn, was epoye obanig I he wor or Shahaa A ubshe n 86 he gives he wg gures -

0 Regens f sipe fanr equpeke urpea sers 40000

4 Reges f avary 0000Arery : 2880 '

guar ops 88Irreguar avayYeoa h cunry brigig

her own hrses an pa hghy 3000Irregar ah nfanry, for gh uies 800

Gran Toa 680Ths es inue rops n grsns whch are fr he mos par

oa a saiary he e a baerg ran osiss o 88piees of anon haf o whh are horse arery an he reaerrawn by en

There are arsenas a rsar a ahre fr casig caona sho, ag poer n uskes There are aso n eveysri oe r ore ssaria eps of ra, e anuay by heeveue, ae an ea ou o he iary coissrshe ary cosiss fr e s par o rue Shs hough here aresoe regens_ ere Naj s hc onss o aps rousan Ag he Sh orps e e e, I unersan, veio esses ah rege has s ossay an here arecoay esse' ere sayee who prepare he brea apoage or he e hey arry e or no baggage are acusome o r


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5

g rs Asi$ usi r us r svs r i y vy x T

i rvis u g As Nus Bus Cis s srs f f r r ig s y s, i u r fr i y us v s wi ig n us gu rn i fr s f is vy ry n srvs s sru i s vig s y vis vr fr n On u s s ,

i ys giv y fr ng uns if is giv vr vng sii, i i is y g s if

is v sn svs r i s s uy w s i us ni n uvr v ys iss is i Ai i i ng n s v ry s Sis gs gns Nus Bus g sss Ag unis v ur i y unruii wg w i s is rus y s xri s, ws sviig vi i r vg n us grr s y in iy iy i rqisi sn i gsgs rs i us is f r suyig rgis i y ri ig sy r svus v s rruisT i xi urnv s vu Bu is vy xs ii ursy s vy ssry ys y r y r v ys uy gsi ur wn ury

i us ss vy Ty r i rsiivuUy i y y y s u Si y s vs vg v us in nu is rsrv f gny f uny n rus u s s n sn r s ry i y siuin niv y f

T g Ci is w g i s x


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n ene in y; no oe nows bee n e s

o i sues o wn o oe egen oes He oen eie be o ow o e wi e S seg Bu I o nt te f i eenion tt ou m towads Di

i . t t tod Ctt no t we sl be diven into e nete d I fe te metus toen of te Neuese on oank, nr the weve mins of the ubjts of the Nizm. W hve

bee te Nepee in tei ountin fstnesses wi evey disd- vntge f o nowedge; nd if tey venue on te n

ign ee o e o ei eeiy o e subes otNi, tey vegoned to_ ong unde is dminision oie is ggesion o subve o owe on e on osevey eoe e I beieve ey ny oen o nse eeve o o ue Ai in e nb us be e in osns n ey e bu s o ni ou owe sns on oo gu o be sen by evoion in eoe one o i n in ony i oes n eve beong o s Si Ce Nie

y "e Si e e ngisno enen ee n b ewi e i is no e nguge eoing sesn e e s e Fen n we e e oebeuse we e neoo n no ee vey oobe wi su oweu negous e Sis e s i yes ve ie on w onnui e Moens ei oe negbous e e wee onees n ove e e ino e wee ey e e oyes n eseue e in oe o e onves o e ese

e e oe oe inte9 sely n e Sis e us n n neebe eonie e e e we ou oee in ni eynw noing o e uses o ve e o ou gu bsoiono e nie ses n o now nying o ou oebenein ny insnes wee we ig ve en oe e oy n weve one ey e ou eons n e own enionn ey iu us bu i i suis ou onvenene o ei goven eseves e n be e oue n eense n s

o uing e see no en wy we su no o so bu we use e ee is no ise s o owe o o s e eSi ue e onsies e Lo inge ws onen

i ing e inu ob e Si owe ws no suenyboe e wou ve esoe o e woe o e oenibs o wo e wee en e Si onquess o


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5

Sng ese nssions wu ve nue bes se

n w n on esue go bu eense e wee we ene sees e enee us ung u eeon ug e unb Agnsn ne e w w e e e sne ne eseesn nng wes gns e nsugens bee onTe es wu ve ee su sneese ne u w ue n s s nwege esenens ese ee S C e es n ese s

we su ve nvee se wos nene we s, nwo eg us esen nng bu gw no nsn es n e se Csee e u ve we e sene o s ege e Ces s n , wseees been wnn see ung e e es RneeSns egn, b R Gb Sn wu even e u os se Rj Gob Sng g e een nee s sbeen, Csee n s ossessns un w &

T e seve e Ces wse ees Gob Sng voen oe se, e nns su ve eseve ese ne ese ns, e neg eS nn ve ene n s ubne en wus nse ng e nu b, n nun u esw eg ne enues w e w nbe eesng se ngs, w s e us n we u eeen en n use u ue n gsng evenuesse be

e obes n sgus nse ng e ewu ve suggese e eeen equn en 2500000 s , bu e un e ne evenues o evne n oe e eenses o e be sne ne v n w we u e nese unuee n Ansn wu n neeene wu vebeen n eenn unn beween e nSn Te Resen e u e e neves w

e we n g neeene ug n ve eese eeng n es ge ne n n unn e gvenen n n s esewee n e eesen n eens e un e se b wi e see Cvs n e e n wu ugng e n e nquess e oens oses e unb sou be


54/82

iv ino sepre prinipies n es on e iprobbiiyo eir eer nii or ny re obe o orein ones n

onsiers ey wo en e sron oie or opposin neney oi ro e Wes n s proein r errioies inni Te ime s norney s or resrin s n ore e erriory onee by e Siks r e oensr s ons sow ey e en ne o e wr e e ns o ep esees b i wi now be esion weerer in sbe e Sis we so be onen wi e rierbonr inse o e onin bnry n si own iey

ner e isre o no in been be o inin or e Rjis own erriry e nb esion were enirey isoe, we wi innie vne o orseves wirw ro e seneer rippin e iiry power o e Sis n ro reies bowi e n e Ans no o pei ny enroen beyone ns b eier pry n eve in e enjoyen e ois own An en Lore n noer Cb wo !wys ees inore o w ws oin on n we so sere sey o or

sees by e proxiiy o wo neibors e eos o e oer bon by oes seeene o proe is own n n byis ens r or ronier no expense o s B e opino Sin s beoe " cc o no see ow we n rero seps in rer e no s pinion o e peope s obeiee e iks re o be ep own by n o en Wenno e Npier ere or eer n n eision we s ppyres or oinry en Sir Cres Npier is onen e ree

nes o e Pnjb wi wen nnexe wi Sin ore n oereir expenses B we s reoe we e ery ieen esripion o eney e wi n nisiine Beoees inio eir ees weer brvey ey y e onese ee ins or rer roos we so o in e oen ries r Anisnbo in e ie o 1 in eeeen, n Bbr e sixen enry-e ve or siinsions i eir oer ro Anisn n ei

resors n ere ey ine ooin in e nb vereson o in e Si popion ore exensie now wenow e re neri sren eir ry n s beenspose n i is no s bn o kes we ve oob n o nniie b e porion o e popion of e


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57 ub s oss o s

s w w s h o Ts vy w o bsou Gov o sy y ou;bu s wy govs

osh wh oos o y y bo ub ( ho gb s) us s w Ty o w Quoo o gs w o b o g o s y fo wou o ou o ooh u os o s us o 00 o ou sous s s o oo o h s o of h u bs sw ow uo o o ow ss o og vgo o us ow h ug of fy s us o s gy uo w v w gos og uo o w gvg u boh ub o gov y o hsv u w o o w u o s qu ss h s o , h y ow sho b u o so h ou fo s gov vgw sf s s o f who g g os o g os o s f S s N ou v o v wou h os o h o ouso g o wos of qus o sow quo u W h Nos s o h oy o b oow ows Shs, oos s o h sy of ouGov s h ssfo oo w o g o v of ouy osy w

o o o s su o s ss o o g b y hos o h w o sous of ous fo y uosu h o suy; , gov wh yf o o o u o ovs o ou oy s s o ogs h s , whwo w o qu o os o o

O wod me d I hv do. F hs uds, soodsd, d ts xdtu of tsu, s th st C


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/58

w ib woy oy o e oii i owg

o Row T ur o ieco boy wouou ey v o o v rv oiy av iov o ur wic iuce u o er o uu ii ee orewe gove o

u o g w e e b u o ghre

FA ST RT

oo Mc o Bigg

Ge S- i


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How To

Idia Two Documents O he I.CS

ad The Poliis of Adiisraio

N GERL BRE

Maitainng the British i dia equied th Qmet tocome to ters th the changg sca and poltcal ileu i hh t

a to opeate Wthut sestivity to ents around them vl servansstod in dage o being ad by suate opinion and utyinel_lience hch cu

d ead turn t? seous saes Te tas jof ndng out what wa happeng, o g aware and resnsve tohaes nd atttudes remained a rmidable one. To ttle-knowndouments patcula illustrat ths process. The rst a memoran 1um itt by John acolm in contains instructons to hs

sta i the Dehi esidenc on rpe moes of nterourse betweenEop os an Inans he sec consiss f deailedcommetay soial a pltical eations between ICS ocesad Punabs rtten in 19 o acquaint yung adnistrtrs withthe "boad ules a prciples o contact tween ers and rue

Te doments partcua he recent unjb versi, aordisght int the ature o tsh aminstatio Fst a cosiale aount of the seage o the cv sevce had en prpetuaebeteen 821 an The sam themes keep appearig theinstucts : he ky oes of zz 'e an nuene i successflule, the ton o the j s both patenal n pesona goennan the need r patence whn dean with a subject natie

Ipeople At the sae tme, however a cetur experiece hhelped ater o hees ay ssptons aut eng a ulng racehad become ouded w th abivalene Respet r indigeous

nstitutions ha been aended to nclue ttentn to use o worsand ymls, and gestures such as oern chirs o the eergentester educd lite

Boh documens were pite by he Punjab Goveen an culaeonentill to oce "r ocal useoly. Gants o the AmeInttuteof InaStue ndthe Reseach Coucl, Unve:sity o Mssoude 1po8ible l oction and e g_of te Memrna.


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60By 12 he s wee me we o es me veb

bou o o ghe' nomon emn he op o he pocsysem Fome ence o coc wh e peope hough ousnd exe hosec des h gven wy o ech onzedmehod of commucon h Punjbs. Te mus be se se neves n spec covesons These peods o oncwee n nned oy o pce he feengs of hose desng eesso he onu esug fom peso coc wh e z hce hey h come o be vewe s necessy med uv

ng poc suppo nd cug mo To suve s cepe ue men so o unesnd n mnpu e vey ess he 22 memoum ce ees Pubso vous cssesche, pesns ubn o educed soesempoyeeswh ppope emen oed o ec gop.Reeng he sgnce of een csses ws no new eus wee no e se o dubs nd pone s mns poc

cono bu he won nd ognzon of he mmnum eecs sese o ency n eepn w he pd poczonf he ujb.

Suc ees nd mny oes n e og docuens ndene he mnve pen oen o& n consuo se oe ensceces o sc oces The Bsh ee no eegens bu cog n compex se f onshps sechng om e ge ouh eg sve counc Bcng ehed jugemen

n decsonmng wh esponsveness o cnes nd esmon nds emned he d somemes concng s govenmn. To f n ehe fncon coud men edoo nson.

Memorandu on the Subject of Social and Oialnrcourse between Eropen Ocers in te

Punjab and Indan

Te obc o e eoum s o gve hs o membeso e nn Cv Seve n ohe bnches of e Cv mnson n h Punj when hey s coe o o on e pnmnss o he bod e n pncpes whc oven so nd cecouse w dns o csses.

e sh oce shou ceuy suy S J oms e


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-61hih apded o is Meorandu Ts was wrin nealy aenury ago nd was dressed o oes in quie anor par oIndia bu all e priniples and u o e adise i i,are aplale o e Punj a e pren day

2 I s essenial a n or in ivil ployen suld bale o onvese eely i eir own language wi e lasses oIdians wi wo he os ino ona as is will add gealy oe ins o his l in nia, o is iny as a sva o Govad o e onde wit wi h is regadd by e pople, espally ose o e easan las, wo bulk o e poulaon

o te provine. N o a knowledge o e languag, a and sy pay are he os poan qua aons a sussul arer inIndia

A sypaei or wo will lisn o an an isl undesa e peoples represenaions an akes a kindl inrs in eiwlre, will aquire an inuene a an never be aquired byan oer w9, oug ore apable eier nno undesand he

people or will no eend is sypay o e

Wen ouring s a god p o o inral onerenes aalin plaes and o lisn o any verbal equess e ople ay avo ake Tey ar uh lss pone o aggerae eir oplins ndu ore likely o adee o ru, wen ey ae spakng in pesn o a lag onurs o i nibous an wen, ud a piionwrier y appar in a Cou or oe a e eadquarrso he Disri or SuDivision

As a ule e ru regarding any aer o loal inees an vey easily aseraind in su an asely

T pople oougly appreiae se "Darbars, as hey alle as i givs he an opporuy o psonal ouniaion i o

A su Daas an oer, wo has aqured e ondee o epople, will oen be able o ee an aiabl seln hroug

loal eaden o ispus wi would oherwise have goe o hC0s and ause e ruin o one i no h o e paries. I us be born in ind a er are any aers wh

generaliy o dians do o view o e sa sadpoin s Eurpeans Teir soial laws and her ode o oals die aress o hose in vogue in e Bris Isls

An oer us o ours adiniser he laws as hy sd, an


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2 -

h hou no ao o cuo an oca ia o caus h odevite in the slightest degree om.the high tandard of jutce whihs h ainsay o iih u in na. h a i h houqain his ih cuos o h pop, in o ha h a a o jug hi acions asona an inp hi oiinigny

hash oing ann is a o h uccsu anagno aais in a nian isic I an oc s yphic ananaby pain h pop , a a u i accp his cision ih ai-fcion an cay ou his chu.

3 pcia ca i qui in a aion ha ong ciiiansay h ih nian Chis Chi hou a ih fc, an ca hou b akn on a occasion hn a hif calsupon an oc h shou no k aiing o ohis inconnnc u hou b a as a gnan o goo i ih aai o nc an spcia cousy chi i uuay no cawihou sning pious iniaion, an a young oc a ook up h hioy o h Chi iy in Lp} Gin' "Chian Faiis of in h Punjab in h ina bciing h hif Oc paing a pia isi o a Nai ashou a on ascain a wha i i i connn ho ca on h Ruing Ch hn iing ih a uin hif cahou b ak o pac hi on h igh

pcia c is aso qui in aing wih uca Iniansn asy an iy aiu shou b cuia an an paanc

of hau hou spciy unn oo huou i aos nipnsab Th spc which an Engishan can aay win i Iniais no o b aain coin i o an nan o p uing nh cha on i a o h uing ac Th ay hn hisna aiu as acquisc in y nians ha pasan a Gonn an i o h pia in i habishs a cai aion in h has o hi Ian ins

us n gon ha Inian a a onc oiona an snsii Oinaiy pakng h uca Inan, o h Inian of gooiy has aoinaiy oo anns I i no ai h o n gga h hai of cou in aig ih Inians.Engishn a quny ough y an ohan i ach h.Mos Inians wi no appcia uch a an, hough ouw a psona) inshi n an Inian an ngishn ha


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,an cv dg f cut ma ad

- - In man dt th a pnnd d n amt vva

h a a and dng ca and hud tatd thndn An d, th an c, a p vt,ha aa n accutd hav pca accs t Btc and s gnun gad t "Sah agan. A qunsaut h gmt and h vc, an nctn h mda gaddn th d man hat

It ga adva t cutvat th acquntanc. qunt th ca gv tutth nmatn nd mtm vauaatan n th admntatn

Sm udnat c ca t t pvnt cv c mangnd th d d Th pa m du t jau, andan tndnc n th dcn d achd and chd. Spcaa hud tan t tat Indan cmmnd c th pppct, that RadaMa SudaMaj, Suda, Ra da ad mada

An Natv cmnd c, hth n av pnnd,shud a gvn an ntv f h d t In h gmnth a pn f cnqunc, tutd and cndd n h Bth c, h can ana pct a c c f t dtct nhch h hm s tuatd, pang a f nut f h m, ta h appcatn h vc vnt

natv c, cava n an an, h n un

and ag a d pnt t ht f t Th hud tuchd th th ght hand, a an accptanc f th dvn f tha f th d t th Gvnmnt h vant h .

In Inda, a h patd f tmp nvv f pct In a dang th Indan t a gln nv v a t tm An c h, hn nca ut n dmnd v fa m ad and pctdthan th t vnt ut and an c h cannt cnt

hf acqu v uc nv putatn hcndnc and pct f th pp an tu uc h n

cnc a a vant f th Gvnmnt In Udu th p' hu ud hn cnvng

h ndan gntn ca f an tandng-

The 2nd person plural shou!d b use to ordinary zimindaran


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64

petty ocials while te 2nd person singular soud, f ued t l

' reserve r enial servantsTe provinial ialets hoever o not len teselv to u

politeness an te 2n person plurl, r even soeties te 2nperson singuar, s generl use in orinary onversationn nglish onversaton he appliaton to ians o te

"Native is no equenly resente sou be avoi s one o the ost iportant uties o al Governnt

oer an partlrl o Distri Oers to be eel aessible toll o esire to see te eiter on business or as it is generally

prase r te purpose o paying teir respets Hoever eientn oer ay be o paper or in hs urt, e s a re e is notpersonally non o te people o is istrit or vision Al orientapeopl ave a strong preileton r personal Governent n aeuh ore aenble to orer an ontrol wen e reognise te

personal soure of su ontrol than e it appears to te in teligt o ere eania enation not o a an but ro anoe so tere s notng te nan appreiates ore tan

te prvige o personal ess o his rule n the opportunty o representin at eng an oraly is grievane or s point vie Even wen it s a egone onluson tt te repy o

epresentation ust be n te neatve t is stake on tat aountto eline to isen to arguent tin reasonble liits or to terinateurly a isussion A reusl or an unpalatable orer is aepteit u geater resgnation en te oer wo as to give itas lstene to al that is to be si on te oter se t is well terere eve at t ost o soe aste o tie, to alo visitors orpeoners or eputations to tlk t tey ve sai al tat tey an sa lagers in a row ill generll r to tak a at one but teyve o obton to being tol to selet a spokesan an ts soube one Moreover, wen te spokesan s a is say, it is weurther to invie iniviual elers to sa at tey ant to

9en t is neessary to n ult it a nan o rspon

sible position eiter an oil or nonoial te rebue sou beelvere n private, unless the oene is so einous tat pubsra s onsere neessary

ust be reebere that te nuene an onsequently teutlty o a responsble ol or loa agnate wo as been so i

re is ateriall lessene Te bstaners il ertainl p\bis


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a weTe maa e e o s persos s a ar o

geaes mpae em as praall mpssbl amser a s w *

T a sre wa pla wors b amsr pa a Tasla w s belee be orp or o a Jagrarw s blee ress s ele r o be gl e beoable wll e ae e sre wereas e m-la o a bl ebe ss esme a selm serse b w w s ge aml e mem o r

Ierew so s oe e ms mpra pars o al ers es

m rs ra as o wee e rep sa pra eens wn e ar a aqarers.

a er les be a e pres eee sorw era ors e wll a s wses wl eall bbse

Vsors r asss wr a as e apme a me a w ma al

All sse be e a a ers pra see ms be remmbee a a sal am a a sr

s a s b a eee a r sl alwas maa r se all w l m

r a as a e s able se all e le wo

e m all m e sl ssbl a sg o msse e b a aas as ereb e wl el ae wereas mel es e wagrm eaa w s ss ae sg a e_las be a wg ess w a mpa eagmen a ga emees ee wll be ase

1 . e s l w a or ors wll

ss bewee e ars lasss o as wo smo oe a ar w wom o sae as eTer ar ra asss o persos wo a ele o re

ars we g pa oes b er s o arm

* Editor's noe- : Th ne f he eae aemen by he governen h eazed ule red pn an oon Poic Syem Oe. rue ny

n e op and eied n a abad f de


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o chr to pct o pc f h uc ccutm to u ch, ho D cud n th crdnr ch houd o to pon p oc

t to om t oud pp n odr mttr o cout to oo. ormnt rt n O o o tt to th m pr hn p oc t. dhkn hn thr no hr ft u, ut t uu to hhd t h trmton of n nt th Gzttd c,Commond c n rr d th, on pc oco much ud n of po r o ppcto of ood

c to hk hd th pro of d, pc f t do n puc.H d cutom ch p n th Puj n of

th oun nd m o th prt o h n tductd Ed. Th h ut n pt ftn of h o hch S J Mcom r n h Mnut. Thu t o unron to ct to o ch o to dmu out hkh th n Indn ntmn ho hd dd n Euop.

I mus rmmr rnr n n Inn vrof th od choo w ot o un h n to do o thrth hot hmf ndct hn h cod t tm to tmnt th.

ndctd d n om duct nd h n rht ono mto th oct o th , unt th to out ocr ut ptn r th th od th cutom n

hr ht th tor h com to Ocr houd tk pn to f th th thrtor r propr trtd th chp

Spc cr houd tkn to tht chp d pr rnt r ot pmttd to pt tor . Such ntr mprop nd r mor th jcto hn curthema menal sevant keeps a respectabe gentlema stanCing i heu or doe ot provde them acha whe watng. I he Punjab

all trct oer ae eque o et apa a prope pace a a watgroom fr vistos ad Goveme eithe pays the rent f ths mee the cot o udg t. In the cae of junor ocer h ot 'alway posible, bu a tact ofcer can alway makeproperrnn.

Chars should aways. b pvie hadquaes o if a est


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7houer sos of poston whe watng r an ntervew. When aofcer is uder canvas, I is no aways possible o do so, t no o-

;

i e w be caused, as the visitors wi real ize that te omisson is - unavodabe

3 has ong een he custo r Inda vstors, especay ofhe radng casses o presen a ma oerng o rut or vegetabeswhch oca were epecte o acp cvy. s, however, theaceptance f such oerngs s ae o e msunderstood and s-nerprte as key to nuence an ocer n fvour of the an whoprsets an nsnuatos are made tha the contas a good deamore han appears to the eye, a crcuar No 1 (HmeGenera),daed he 22nd of January 19 has een ssued o the eec tha rhe tur any or gf hat s ored by or on behaf of an Inano ay Government oca shoud be resed even at he rsk of gvngoence.

The prohton s no howeer to be gen an apcaon eods ovos eanng, or nerpreted as pacng any resrcton n -y sca necourse etween Indans and Btsh ocas

orrespodence n Engsh wth Ian getemen shoud e

conducted n exacty he same rm as wth Europeans of a smar orcorrspodng cass.Proessona Indan gentemen prer to e address by name as

Dear Mr/ To others t s usua to adress them as DearLa Sah, Dear Khan Sah ec.

eters of congratuaon upon the recept of an honour, he rthof a son or any auspcous event an ettes of condoene upon aeevement shoud be exacty the same as f addresse to a Euroean,he egee of coraty varyng wh the degree of nmacy.1 An ocer shou be eey accessbe to a hs subornates,and hou make a pon of knowng personay as many as possbeo hem He shoud sen sympathetcay an paety to a reprsntaon and grevanes. He shoud make no vours an shouet no one presume A ourte or reputed vourte s sure to makecapa ut o hs reute.

1. T a request he shod gve a dente answer, f possbeIf no possbe he houd say ha he w consder the request andshoud do so He must never shr say "No an, f a negatv secessary, the more decded the eter provded he course t sconveye n cureous ers.

He shou e shy of makng promses but f he makes, hed aways perrm


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1 He must mae t lea that patonage s n s on handsand that hle on oason he may see adve or nrmton thenl deso ests h hm Wth a _ ne oer ths s bot thest pont upo hh hs sbordnates l see satsy themselves s eve less hamul an oer to mae a rong seleto of hson moton than a good one nde the nuene of a sbodnate herst mstae an eted; the ham done by the seond l edue yes ote fanes, ompletely ree from eanes, s theea t the me tme, obstnay s not stength t s ofte theaompanment f eanes t s only a stong man ho an aort

_ to anoledge a ste and to amend hs o odes The teof bng menas and sbodnates om one st to anothe s ohbted, and oers sho be rel to observe the Rue h tegeatest sttnes or otherse the erson rettons honestyand stength o harter nevtbly suer

1 Juno ers shou avod vng rtte ertaes to nysubonate: thee ae eeny soht after and ae saved u yeas

There are many oes h fte attnng years of geate dsreton, have been ebarrsse by the podto o these e of eneos but ndseet yoth y emas h an oer mayreally sh to on reod an be entere n the haate boo oresonl le of the o oerne

n opea oer shoud no somethng about the teatment he hs a ht to exet rom ndans

nans s a rae re mos orteous hs apples to all om

the hest to the loest t n the jnges a yoel ho s shonthe y, ll stop to brea o a thony brnh h mht ausenonvenene and of hs on aor l often oe hs hddar obanet to plae n the rond shoud an oe desre to st do

lot every ase o apaent udeness s tentonal n eethe to gnoae o ddee

nstanes o dlbeate dsortesy are rae, and hen they do

ou they are geeally the at of soe lontoned ustatbtths s he same all the od overn oe an an shod nsst on espetfu teatment om edu

ated ndas, espealy oasWhen suh rsons appear bere hm they should sutaby

dressed 'uty shes must alays be left outsde, but those ho ea


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6

shos o Europan paern ar awd o rain hm In rmr dys

Indian usd aways o ah whn passin a prson of superorposiion and if carryin an umrea opn woud owr and d i.aers hae now chand, and houh hs marks of scia couryar shown epciay in counry disric no ocr houd amp osis n h, and in rdinary circumsnc no oenc o rudns sinendd if a ndian dos o ow h rmer cusom

An ocer ony makes himsf ridicous who is cnsany o heookou r onc and is oo ready ake A he sam ime i i

quie asy o e whn a prson s innonay onsie or unduyfmiar I such a hin occurs a an iriew, i may be erinadabury wih rmnss and diniy and a susquen ineriew may bres

oims hower he bes punishmn r a udeness is oinor i

There is a urhe poin which is dird o bin o noice

wih fernce o he modern ndan in of ie readin herurn of cas mad by Indin ocrs o Pubic erics a anEropan ocrs bunaow An ndia Execui Eninr haswrien a ows

can say o much ha dun y erce of yar, ony wocii ocrs ae m h honour of eurn cas ha nriabymad cas on cii ocers whn comin ino a nw aion n ordeocrea ber social undrsandin bwen Europan and indian ,ofcers, I think boh should be ank and communicative. Thi wil

no onybin about beter understandng beween thetwo casses oofcers but will prove agreat bnet to both. To tart witha cleanslte, thnk eshinstruct1ons about social approchment beweenEuroan and Indian ofcrs b isued, Th uropan wil obtainreal insight into mattrs Indian by re xchange of viws with hndian oce bettr than he can ever get o lengthy inrviws

withzaindar and rais cass. Th lttr generally goose ocrs asamate oroutne and pobably with an ida of rward lurking in

theirminds The positionofan Indianoc isquit diernt omthatofa rais. H consders himslf aprt of the machinery callGovernmntand therere has some st o a halo of self-rspccreatdaroundhim. This phenomenons less idt in subrinatsrvisofocerspromotd om such srices, while amngst tmoredadpson andthosdictly rruited this appa;s toa


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marked gr. Th prsnt day id o xtiction of th cour bard qua o trmt hs mad Idian oc

mor siiv

to h qusi o his s-rpct I m writin this m my xpri c f th Idian ocrs ith whm com in ai cotact I cao sumit th owin practic susios which, cdupo woud _o ood d i th dirction o rmoig caus ra msudrstdis:

' ( Whn n Idin ocr cas on Eurpa ocr th ordry shud t oc rport th arria icoy t crd to th ocr cocrd wh shoud i ncssary strucios aut th isitor t has happdsr tms tht th ordris o ot crr th crd iisi hy do so hn Shi coms to oc roo or uhd such room his is r oin h rdr i proay oyg his astr's ordrs ut to a us atth mrcy o ordrs i cti imoit nd dcourtu

2h n ocr is usy ad cnot immdiaty s a

d ocr h should shown ito th drawig ror oc room nd not mad to wat i th radah iitors

3) A rgard oci isit r ttmt o ocia mttrs Iwou rthr prr thm to ad y ppoitt adwh th ist is stt it houd b gi prrc rohr mtt

) h Europ ocrs shoud cura Id cr trpt ocia ca d such ca houd b rcipradso ar a poi

5 dian ocrs ha as t ha o tharg adhs d shoud mt th Europa mor qut tfr ere 'salaamng but to improve social relaions. Muualbetr uderstndig will reut as soo as ofcr meet each

other o term o equliy i ma tters scil .Spcil atenin should bpid all fve sugestion in hisletter As regrds sugeion (4) whr locl Idin Heds ofDepart-met, such a Executie Egieer, Speitedets o Polie, Civi Surgeos ad10rh mke a cal on a Europen ofcr, h shuldretuthe cll the ndin ofcer; house, a he would had hcal bee aid b'an Euro ofcer. It will gnerllyb ud thaIndians hv

.rom r 'bihak" at heir houles wher they can


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rcve vistors wthut any nngemet o the 'Pardah. The J(!_tn

of :ch callsmay ncases where the Indan ial s nt kel t

e expectngvistrs, be cltated by a tctl enqury ade befre

and as to the time at whch t wll b cnvenentr the call to e

etne

PEDX

ntucton egang ntecoe etween Epean cal anate e y S Jn Malcl, gent f the oenenean h Mn\te, at 28th June, 121 t h tant n Centana.

Ou cce an meatn, cntate wt the mue an

lece to whch a geat pat o the popuatn f na hae moe than a centy een exoe, hae at th oent ae theeptatn of the Bth nat o hgh, that en hae gten, n thentempato of the ecut an popet tey enjo e tange the feelng of patot, t thee ae feeng whch that e nw-ege that t ou t t pat mt gaall ee an ngnt actn he pepe f a t a ecng ene of enet '

hae amen ma the the eaaton of ctnng uject ten ae an th can alone e ne t he comne etof ee nua emploe n a taton f tt an eponl tee popula a goenment whc though not natonal ha funatn a ee on the pncple of toleon jutce, anwo Eey agent f enent hul ty an unetan teoe ft He hu nt content hef wth hag aque aowege f te language an f the cuto of the wth whom he

ha ntecoe ll h patcla act (een to the manne f hemhou e eglate ecuence t the naton f ou ue an acae oeatn f thoe pncpe whch t ha eenetahe an can aone e mantane Of the potance of th Icannot ette tate y pnon an y expeng y coctnhat, nepenen f the pece ute whch eey quace pe hee no peon n a tuatn f any coneq uene

h e nt th n te sutance an manne of h conuct o


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smetng every ay f s lfe w as t erate pn e genel

eress f te empre trug e eng f e rle e rls ues as a unseen eet n srengeng r weakenng te vern-men b w e s emplye y beef a wat I av assue srret, w be my exuse r gg n me mnteness n my genera nsrus se ner m rers.

Te rs an ne f e ms mrant pn s te manner fEurean sperrs twas e Naes It wu be que u fpae, n s per se"ak f e neess f knness an f an

absene a vlene; s ms be a maer f urse w se wm t s resse : tere s mu mre requre rm ean a lan w s a uy bu w wen ppeas as su, lses alf t eet I mus, make an mpress, be a abtf e ue n a fvuae seran f te quaesa mers f tse wm exens an s pressn I amsase, every persn w ve, w afer atan a tru knw

ee f e real araer f se w wm e as teruse sal 'ue em, w preue r see, by a sanar w ssue er bele, er usages, er abs qer uaser rak fe e eas ey ave mbbe fy a e sage f vzan w e mmuny s a wle re avaeI e es s w a knwege an a e er f w areessenal reer m petet rm an pn e w enu f vrue enu y an ssn rveme

eu f rear an bservae f al te bes a s sae sf sey, reae an seem r nvuas an an ees n emuyw, we grune n a see v f sb eserve wl rener s kess naura an lag Alua bes, wn e lwest ks te a usve re ae quk n rag e sure f te aers f ers, anabe al, f ter suerswen at s reguae by e ea,

e ear we rees r reasn n rm el anntpease as n , f at a ara a sw f sgn w reesas eneaes suspn Wen s anner akes aner sae,wen knness an seran apear as ts f esesn

mus be fl esve en may rea, bu an never ve r ra,se w are nnally umatg tem by arae suer

I ave remmene se nans f manne, wars eaves f Ina pn w I fe y wn t be ue I


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!oct (ad I do t wt sham) te pod whn I hoht fwasy spo to tos wh who y d

y made meassoca tas my knowe of hm, and