Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
A Quest for the Holy LandA Quest for the Holy LandThe Crusades were a series of The Crusades were a series of
attempts to gain Christian attempts to gain Christian control of the Holy Land, had a control of the Holy Land, had a profound economic, political, profound economic, political,
and social impact on the and social impact on the societies and the religions societies and the religions
involved.involved.
Vocabulary
Crusades Jerusalem Schism Pope Urban II First Crusade Second Crusade Saladin King Richard IF – T3
Muslim Moors Invade Europe, 711
Battles of Tours & Poitier, 732
Eastern Mediterranean in 11c-12c
CrusadesCrusades A long series or Wars
between Christians and Muslims
The Crusades were a series of attempts to gain Christian control of the Holy Land, had a profound economic, political, and social impact on the societies and the religions involved.
Causes of the Crusades
Muslim Turks captured Jerusalemfrom the Byzantine
Empire
Muslims stoppedChristians from
Visiting Holy Land
Christian pilgrimswere attacked
Byzantine Empirefeared attack on Constantinople
In 1054, permanent split or schism occurred between the Orthodox Christian Church in the East and the Roman Catholic Church in the West.
Roman Catholicism v. Eastern Orthodox
Schism(Split) – 1054 AD Roman Catholicism –
In West Centered in Rome Priests were celibate Latin used in
services Supported use of
icons Headed by Pope Becomes Roman
Catholic Church
• Eastern Orthodox – In East
Centered in Constantinople
Priests could marry Greek used in
services Forbid use of icons Headed by
Patriarch Becomes Eastern
Orthodox Church
Patriarch
POPE
Pope Urban II
called for the defeat of the Turks, returning the Holy Land to the Christians
The Call to Arms
Feudal Lords
Knights
Peasants
Who Answered the Call?
Peasant army
Untrained Lacked military
equipment Many killed by Muslim
Turks Knights sent by Lords
Succeeded in capturing Jerusalem
Only Christian Victory of the Crusades
The First Crusade (1096-1099)
After victory many
Christians went back home.
The Turks eventually took back much of the territory.
King of France and Emperor of Germany sent troops to stop the Turks.
Second Crusade (1147-1149)
Saladin – the leader of the
Muslim Turks who defeated the Christians and claimed the Holy Land for Islam
* He was considered a very wise ruler. He was known for his sometimes kind treatment of fallen enemies. Many Christians saw him as a model of knightly chivalry.
Second Crusade (1147-1149)
King Richard – king of England
who had a reputation as a great military leader and warrior
Had meetings with Saladin and convinced the Turkish Muslim leader to allow Christians to visit the Holy Land
Third Crusade (1189-1192)
Several more crusades
attempted with no victories for the Christians
Children’s crusade, - 30,000 soldiers - many of them under 12 years old – Never made it to the Holy Land
Crusades Continue Through 1200’s
The Western Crusades
IF – T3 I = Improvements – Ships, Maps, Explorers F = Feudalism declines because Feudal lords die or
spend too much money on military, leads to the end of the Middle Ages, decline of Pope’s power.
T = Turks still rule the Holy Land, increased hatred between religions
T = Travel – Europeans want to travel and explore T = Trade – Europeans want product from the East
such as sugar, cotton, silk, spices, etc.
Results of the Crusades
Spanish Reconquista: 711-1492
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMjUFBYEzqQ
1.What were the causes of the Crusades?
2.What were the effects of the Crusades?
Draw Conclusions
How did people’s attitudes change after the Crusades?
Answer(s): Europeans became more intolerant and saw Jews and Muslims as enemies; Jews and Muslims saw the Crusaders as enemies, Religious intolerance increased and changed the dynamics of the major world religions.
Read and complete questions on worksheet titled – The Crusades
HW
Rock Around
the Clock
Rock Around
the Clock
