A Presentation on World Wars

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A PRESENTATION ON WORLDWAR I &WORLD WARII

PRESENTED BY-

HIMANSHU GAUR

SHUBHAM TIWARI

YOGENDRA SHARMA


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INTRODUCTION TO WORLD WAR IWorld War I also known as the First World War, was a global

war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 when

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austrian Hungarian empire was

assassinated in Sarajevo by Black hand society and lasted until

11 November 1918. More than 9 million combatants.

It was fought between Allied Powers and CentralPowers. Key nations in World War 1 were -

Allied Powers Central powers

France Germany

Britain Ottoman Empire

US Austria-Hungary

USSR Bulgaria

Serbia


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Treaties that led to Domino

For Russia was bound by agreement with Serbiato protect her in the event of attack.

The Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary stated that if either found itself at war withRussia the other would enter the fray to provideassistance.

Similarly, the Franco-Russian MilitaryConvention of 1892 provided for French assistanceshould Russia find itself at war with either Germanyor Austria-Hungary.


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End of War

Central Powers proposed for starting peace negotiations.

In December 1916, after ten brutal months of the Battle ofVerdun and a successful offensive against Romania, the Germansattempted to negotiate a peace with the Allies. Soon after, the USpresident, Woodrow Wilson, attempted to intervene as apeacemaker, asking in a note for both sides to state their demands.

The Allied counteroffensive, known as the Hundred DaysOffensive, began on 8 August 1918, with the Battle of

Amiens.German resistance stiffened, and the battle was concludedon 12 August.


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Aftermath

After the war, the Paris Peace Conference imposed a series of peacetreaties on the Central Powers officially ending the war. The 1919 Treatyof Versailles dealt with Germany, and building on Wilson's 14th point,brought into being the League of Nations on 28 June 1919.

Poland reemerged as an independent country, after more than acentury.

Russia became the Soviet Union and lost Finland, Estonia, Lithuania,and Latvia, which became independent countries.

The Kingdom of Serbia and its dynasty, as a "minor Entente nation"and the country with the most casualties per capita, became thebackbone of a new multinational state, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croatsand Slovenes, later renamed Yugoslavia.

. Czechoslovakia, combining the Kingdom of Bohemia with parts ofthe Kingdom of Hungary, became a new nation.


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WORLD WAR II: INTRODUCTIONWorld War II lasted from 1 September 1939 to 2 September 1945. It was the

most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million

people, from more than 30 different countries. World War II is the deadliest

conflict in human history, it also marks the first use of nuclear weapons in

combat and it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities.

The War was fought between two alliances called Axis

and Allies. Dominant members in these alliances were

AXIS ALLIES

GERMANY BRITAIN

JAPAN UNITED STATES

ITALY USSR

FRANCE

CHINA


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KEY PEOPLE IN WAR

Adolf Hitler (Leader of Nazi and Germany)

Benito Mussolini (Italy)

Hirohito (Japan)

Franklin D. Roosevelt (US)Winston Churchill (Britain)

Chiang Kai-shek (Republic of China).

Joseph Stalin (USSR)


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Poles on 31 August 1939, against the German radio station Sender Gleiwitz in

Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia, Germany on the eve of World War II in Europe. Later it

was discovered that the Nazis themselves posed as poles, their goal was to use

the staged attack as a pretext with which to invade Poland. On the very nextday Germans invaded Poland marking the beginning of a war.

Japan had already been busy in their second Japan-Sino war against china. On

July 1937 Japan invaded china and conquered Beijing and many parts of China.

Parallel to this Fascism in Italy had been dominated by the lights of Benito

Mussolini. October 2, 1935

May 1936 Italy invades, conquers, and annexes

Ethiopia. With these set ups the three major axis nations would go on and

conquer the half of the world before their demise.


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KEY EVENTS

Invasion of Poland , it Started WWII - Britain and France declared

war on Germany because of it (1939).

Hitler's invasion of Russia(Operation Barbarossa). Committed the

Germans to 2 fronts, West and East (1941).

Pearl Harbour - caused the USA to enter the war (1941).

Stalingrad - beginning of Germany's defeat in the East (1943).

D-Day - Allied invasion of Europe - beginning of the end for Germany(1945).

Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945).


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STATISTICS

Estimated 50 to 80 million deaths in WWII. Almost 12.29 million

people of USSR died and 6.27 million Polish lost their lives.

About 2000 warships were destroyed of which 1080 were Germanys.

A total of 542,000 airships and 5.1million vehicles were deployed in

War.Around 1,600 billion dollar were spent on the war of which 300 billionwere spent by Germans and 350 billion were spent by USA.


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THE END OF WAR

After Allies Invade Germany Hitler commit suicide on

April 30 1945.On August 6, 1945 The United States drops an

atomic bomb on Hiroshima August 9, 1945 The United

States drops yet another atomic bomb this time onNagasaki and Japan surrenders to allies.


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AFTERMATH

The Allies established occupation administrations in Austria and Germany.The former became a neutral state, non-aligned with any political bloc.

Germany lost a quarter of its pre-war (1937) territory, the eastern

territories: Silesia, Neumark and most of Pomerania were taken over byPoland; East Prussia was divided between Poland and the USSR, followed bythe expulsion of the 9 million Germans from these provinces, as well as of 3million Germans from the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, to Germany. Bythe 1950s, every fifth West German was a refugee from the east.

In an effort to maintain peace, the Allies formed the United Nations, which

officially came into existence on 24 October 1945 and adopted the UniversalDeclaration of Human Rights in 1948, as a common standard for all membernations. The great powers that were the victors of the war.


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Documents

A Presentation on World Wars